CN105750604A - Press-type PCD milling cutter for CFRP milling and manufacturing method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a press-type PCD milling cutter for CFRP milling and a manufacturing method and relates to the technical field of milling cutters.When the milling cutter is used for machining a CFRP workpiece, axial cutting force can be offset, vibration can be reduced, and meanwhile layering, tearing and burr defects can be well inhibited.Two front milling cutter grooves are symmetrically formed in the front end of a milling cutter body, and two rear milling cutter grooves are symmetrically formed in the rear portions of the two front milling cutter grooves.The two front milling cutter grooves and the two rear milling cutter grooves are arranged sequentially and alternately, and the rear portions of the two front milling cutter grooves and the front portions of the two rear milling cutter grooves partially coincide in the axial direction.A PCD milling blade is welded in each front milling cutter groove, and a PCD milling blade is welded in each rear milling cutter groove.The four PCD milling blades are all arranged obliquely.The included angles formed between all the PCD milling blades and the center axis of the milling cutter body are the same.Every two adjacent PCD milling blades are opposite in inclining direction.A chip groove is formed in one side of the front surface of each PCD milling blade.The press-type PCD milling cutter is used for CFRP milling, and the defect that an upper surface and a lower surface are layered can be overcome.

Description

A compression type PCD milling cutter for CFRP milling and its manufacturing method

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of milling cutters, in particular to a compression PCD milling cutter for CFRP milling and a manufacturing method thereof.

Background technique

With the advancement of science and technology, CFRP (carbon fiber composite materials) has been widely used in high-end manufacturing fields such as aerospace due to its superior physical and mechanical properties. At present, there are few research results on milling of carbon fiber composite materials. This is because CFRP The fiber-reinforced material has the characteristics of high hardness, layered structure, heterogeneity and anisotropy, and is a difficult-to-process material. At present, solid carbide milling cutters or high-speed steel milling cutters are commonly used in the processing of various composite material forming surfaces, but these two materials of cutters cannot overcome the above problems well when processing CFRP. Milling with an end mill made of conventional materials is prone to vibration during the milling process, resulting in burrs on the cut composite material, and the composite material will swell and delaminate under the action of cutting force. At present, the tool damage and parts scrapping caused by delamination and tearing after CFRP milling have seriously restricted the application of CFRP. Therefore, an end mill dedicated to cutting carbon fiber composite materials needs to be applied urgently.

PCD (polycrystalline diamond) is a superhard material with good thermal conductivity and sharp cutting edge. The tools made by it have a wide range of applications and have outstanding performance in the field of processing various composite materials. With the development of artificial diamond technology, Its manufacturing and processing costs are gradually decreasing, and PCD cutting tools have become an ideal tool for processing CFRP.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a compression type PCD milling cutter for CFRP milling and its manufacturing method. The milling cutter can offset the axial cutting force and reduce the vibration when processing CFRP workpieces, and can well suppress the splitting at the same time. Layer, tear and burr defects.

In the present invention, the PCD milling blade is integrally welded with the main body of the cemented carbide milling cutter, and the side edge of the PCD milling blade is compressed, which can offset the axial cutting force and reduce vibration, and at the same time, it can well suppress the delamination of the processed CFRP workpiece , tear and burr defects.

Realize above-mentioned purpose, technical scheme of the present invention is:

A compression type PCD milling cutter for CFRP milling, including a milling cutter body, the material of the milling cutter body is hard alloy, and the front end of the outer peripheral surface of the milling cutter body is provided with four milling cutter grooves and four chip flutes; the compression type PCD milling cutter for CFRP milling also includes four PCD milling inserts, and the four milling inserts include two front milling inserts and two rear milling inserts The two front milling inserts are welded in any two symmetrically arranged milling cutter slots, and the two front milling inserts are arranged at the front end of the milling cutter slots, and the two rear milling inserts are The inserts are welded into the remaining two symmetrically arranged milling pockets, and the two rear milling inserts are located behind the two front milling inserts, two front milling inserts and two rear milling inserts The slices are arranged alternately in turn, the rear parts of the two front milling inserts partially coincide with the front parts of the two rear milling inserts in the axial direction, the four PCD milling inserts are all inclined, and each PCD milling insert The same included angle is set between the insert and the central axis of the milling cutter body, and the inclination directions of every two adjacent PCD milling inserts are opposite, and one side of the rake face of each PCD milling insert is provided with a The chip removal groove is arranged next to the PCD milling blade.

A kind of manufacturing method of the compression type PCD milling cutter that is used for CFRP milling processing, described manufacturing method step is:

Step 1: Grinding and processing the four chip removal grooves and the four milling insert grooves of the main body of the milling cutter by a grinding machine;

Step 2: Weld four PCD milling blades on the four milling blade slots by high-frequency induction heating brazing, and use a slow-moving wire cutting machine to perform rough and fine wire cutting on the four PCD milling blades respectively. cutting processing.

The beneficial effect of the present invention relative to prior art is:

1. Two front milling inserts are welded in any two symmetrically arranged milling pockets, and two front milling inserts are set at the front end of milling pockets, and two rear milling inserts are welded in the remaining two In a symmetrically arranged milling cutter slot, and two rear milling inserts are located at the rear of the two front milling inserts, the two front milling inserts and the two rear milling inserts are arranged alternately in turn, and the two The rear part of the front milling insert partially coincides with the front part of the two rear milling inserts in the axial direction, and the four PCD milling inserts are all inclined. The distance between each PCD milling insert and the central axis of the milling cutter body The same included angle is set between them, and the inclination directions of every two adjacent PCD milling blades are opposite, so that under the high-speed rotation of the tool, every two adjacent PCD milling blades are in a compressed state.

2. Compression PCD milling cutters are used for finishing or super-finishing, so the milling inserts are made of PCD material with high strength, good toughness and good impact resistance.

3. The present invention adopts a tool structure with side blades tilted left and right. When processing thicker CFRP workpieces, the axial force of the workpiece is directed from the surface to the inside, avoiding the occurrence of delamination defects on the upper and lower surfaces, and also greatly reducing burrs and tears. The occurrence of defects. The cutter body is made of carbide rod, and the milling blade is made of PCD material, so that the overall cutter has high hardness, high wear resistance, high strength, high wear resistance and long life performance; it can process various reinforced composite materials well; Milling grooves, holes and board edges, clean surface, no burrs and tear defects.

4. The present invention adopts the tool structure with opposite inclination angles of the adjacent cutting side edges. When the tool rotates at high speed, the adjacent cutting edges are in the form of compression, which can press the upper and lower surfaces of the CFRP to be processed, effectively avoiding the CFRP up and down. The occurrence of surface burrs and tears greatly reduces the failure rate of CFRP milling.

5. Due to the existence of the inclination angle, the impact force of the cutting in and out of the milling cutter is reduced, the machining vibration is small, the tool rigidity is high, the cutting noise is greatly reduced, the tool damage defect is reduced, the tool life is prolonged, and the processed surface quality is high.

6. Using high-frequency induction heating brazing, the welding process does not require fixtures, the tool manufacturing process is simplified, the production efficiency is improved, and the manufacturing cost is reduced.

7. The method of the present invention can reduce the sharpening allowance and obtain better surface quality.

8. Adopt the method of high-frequency induction heating brazing to weld and fix the PCD milling blade in the milling cutter groove. When in use, assemble the compression PCD milling cutter of the present invention on the CNC processing equipment, and through the compression blade type, milling Small vibration and good chip removal during tool machining, the axial force of milling points to the inside of the material, and the processed carbon fiber has no delamination. The milling speed can reach 800~1000m/min, the tool life is long and the working efficiency is high.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the front view of the compression type PCD milling cutter for CFRP milling of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the left view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the front view of milling cutter main body;

Figure 4 is an axonometric view of a PCD milling insert;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the geometric angle of the peripheral teeth of the PCD milling insert.

In the figure, milling cutter main body 1, milling cutter flute 2, PCD milling insert 3, front milling insert 3-1, rear milling insert 3-2, chip flute 4, peripheral tooth cutting edge 5, front cutter Face 6, flank face 7.

detailed description

Specific Embodiment 1: As shown in Figures 1 to 4, this embodiment discloses a compression PCD milling cutter for CFRP milling, including a milling cutter body 1, and the material of the milling cutter body 1 is hard The front end of the outer peripheral surface of the milling cutter main body 1 is provided with four milling cutter flutes 2 and four chip removal grooves 4; the compression PCD milling cutter for CFRP milling also includes four PCD milling cutters slice 3 (select diamond with finer grain size, the finer the diamond grain size, the higher the wear resistance, and the diamond grain size is preferably 30 μm), the four milling blades 3 include two front milling blades 3-1 and two The rear milling blade 3-2, the two front milling blades 3-1 are welded in any two symmetrically arranged milling cutter grooves 2, and the two front milling blades 3-1 are arranged on the The front end of the cutter groove 2, the two rear milling blades 3-2 are welded in the remaining two symmetrically arranged milling cutter grooves 2, and the two rear milling blades 3-2 are located in the two front The rear portion of the milling blade 3-1, two front milling blades 3-1 and two rear milling blades 3-2 are arranged alternately in turn, the rear portion of the two front milling blades 3-1 is connected to the two The front parts of the rear milling inserts 3-2 are partially overlapped in the axial direction, and the four PCD milling inserts 3 are arranged obliquely, between each PCD milling insert 3 and the central axis of the milling cutter body 1 All are provided with the same included angle θ, and every adjacent two PCD milling inserts 3 are inclined in opposite directions, and one side of the rake face of each PCD milling insert 3 is provided with a chip removal groove 4, the The chip flute 4 is set next to the PCD milling insert 3.

The thickness of the PCD milling insert 3 is 1 mm, and the thickness of the cemented carbide layer is 0.7 mm. When the PCD milling insert 3 is welded to the milling cutter main body 1, the thickness of the cemented carbide layer should not be too small, so as to avoid delamination caused by the stress difference between the PCD milling insert 3 and the milling cutter main body 1 bonding surface.

Specific embodiment two: as shown in Figure 1, a kind of compression type PCD milling cutter for CFRP milling described in specific embodiment one, described each PCD milling blade 3 and milling cutter body 1 central axis The included angle θ between them is 4°. When the tool rotates at high speed, every two adjacent PCD milling blades 3 are in a compressed state. This technical solution has good processing performance for defects such as low bonding strength between layers of composite materials, easy delamination, and burrs and tears on the upper and lower processing surfaces.

Specific embodiment three: as shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, a kind of compression type PCD milling cutter for CFRP milling described in specific embodiment one, the rake face of each described PCD milling insert 3 and The angle β formed between the bottom surfaces of the flutes 4 is 90° (that is, the angle of the flutes 4).

Specific embodiment four: as shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, a kind of compression type PCD milling cutter that is used for CFRP milling process described in specific embodiment one, the length of described four PCD milling blades 3 All are 6mm, the rake angles ϒf of the peripheral tooth cutting edges 5 of the four PCD milling inserts 3 are all 3°, and the rear angles αf of the peripheral tooth cutting edges of the four PCD milling inserts 3 are all 10°. The effect of this technical solution is: the larger the rake angle of the peripheral tooth cutting edge is, the smaller the cutting force will be, the corresponding cutting process will be more stable, and the processing effect of the workpiece will be better, but the large rake angle of the peripheral tooth cutting edge will make the The thinning of the cutting edge leads to stress concentration, which is easy to cause chipping and affects the tool life; the relief angle of the peripheral tooth cutting edge is mainly in contact with the machined surface, the larger the relief angle of the peripheral tooth cutting edge, the smaller the contact area, and the corresponding tool and the processed surface The friction force on the machined surface of the workpiece will also be reduced, and the cutting process will be more stable, but the excessive clearance angle of the cutting edge of the peripheral tooth will also make the cutting edge thinner, which will cause the tool to chip. From this point of view, in the selection of the peripheral tooth cutting edge, it is necessary to pay attention to the moderate front and rear angles of the peripheral tooth cutting edge of the tool.

Specific embodiment five: as shown in Fig. 1 ~ Fig. 4, the manufacturing method of the compression type PCD milling cutter described in any claim in specific embodiment 1 to 4, described manufacturing method step is:

Step 1: Grinding and processing the four chip removal grooves 4 of the milling cutter main body 1 and the four milling insert grooves 2 by a grinding machine;

Step 2: Weld four PCD milling blades 3 on the four milling blade grooves 2 by using high-frequency induction heating brazing, and roughen the four PCD milling blades 3 with a slow-moving wire cutting machine respectively. , Fine wire cutting processing.

The pulse voltage is 150V and the pulse current is 5A during the wire cutting process of the slow wire cutting machine.

The present invention welds the PCD milling blade 3 in the milling groove 2 of the milling cutter main body 1 through the method of high-frequency induction heating brazing, and the sharpening process of the PCD milling blade 3 mainly uses a resin bond diamond grinding wheel for grinding, grinding The surface roughness Ra of the cut PCD milling insert 3 is between 0.02 and 0.1 μm.

The peripheral teeth of the PCD milling insert 3 (the described peripheral teeth are the radially outermost side of each PCD milling insert 3) include a peripheral tooth cutting edge 5, a rake face 6 and a flank face 7 (as shown in Figure 5 Show).

Although the present invention has been disclosed above with preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art can also make other changes within the spirit of the present invention, and be applied to fields not mentioned in the present invention. Of course, These changes made according to the spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. A compression type PCD milling cutter for CFRP milling, comprising a milling cutter body (1), the material of the milling cutter body (1) is cemented carbide, and the outer peripheral surface of the milling cutter body (1) The front end is provided with four milling cutter grooves (2) and four chip removal grooves (4); it is characterized in that: the compression PCD milling cutter for CFRP milling also includes four PCD milling inserts (3 ), the four milling inserts (3) include two front milling inserts (3-1) and two rear milling inserts (3-2), the two front milling inserts (3-1) Welded in any two symmetrically arranged milling cutter slots (2), and two front milling inserts (3-1) are set at the front end of the milling cutter slots (2), the two The rear milling inserts (3-2) are welded in the remaining two symmetrically arranged milling pockets (2), and the two rear milling inserts (3-2) are located between the two front milling inserts (3-2). -1) at the rear, two front milling inserts (3-1) and two rear milling inserts (3-2) are arranged alternately in turn, and the rear of the two front milling inserts (3-1) The front portion of the two rear milling inserts (3-2) partially overlaps in the axial direction, and the four PCD milling inserts (3) are all inclined, and each PCD milling insert (3) is aligned with the The same included angle (θ) is set between the central axes of the milling cutter body (1), and every two adjacent PCD milling inserts (3) are inclined in opposite directions, and the front of each PCD milling insert (3) One chip removal groove (4) is provided on one side of the cutter face, and the chip removal groove (4) is arranged adjacent to the PCD milling blade (3). 2. A compression PCD milling cutter for CFRP milling according to claim 1, characterized in that: the distance between each PCD milling insert (3) and the central axis of the milling cutter body (1) The included angle (θ) between them is 4°. 3. A compressive PCD milling cutter for CFRP milling according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rake face and chip removal groove (4) of each PCD milling insert (3) The angle (β) formed between the bottom surfaces of the grooves is 90°. 4. A compression PCD milling cutter for CFRP milling according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lengths of the four PCD milling inserts (3) are all 6mm, and the four PCD milling cutters The rake angles (ϒf) of the peripheral tooth cutting edges (5) of the sheet (3) are all 3°, and the rear angles (αf) of the peripheral tooth cutting edges of the four PCD milling inserts (3) are all 10°. 5. A method for manufacturing the compression PCD milling cutter according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: the steps of the manufacturing method are: Step 1: Grinding and processing the four flutes (4) and the four milling insert flutes (2) of the milling cutter body (1) by a grinding machine; Step 2: Weld four PCD milling blades (3) on the four milling blade grooves (2) by high-frequency induction heating brazing, and use a slow-moving wire cutting machine to weld the four PCD milling blades (3) Carry out rough and fine wire cutting respectively.