CN105749228A - 一种用于治疗病态窦房结综合征的中药制剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种用于治疗病态窦房结综合征的中药制剂及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种用于治疗病态窦房结综合征的中药制剂,它是以瓜蒌、薤白、半夏、麦冬、五味子、红参、丹参、川芎、降香、郁金、水蛭、骨碎补、鹿角胶、石菖蒲、苏合香、干姜、桂枝、酒白芍、细辛、麻黄、补骨脂、红景天、当归为原料,属于中药发明领域。根据每味中药的不同特性,以洗净切块预处理后,按比例配制,经特殊方法制作,具有温中助阳、养阴生津、活血通经、行气通经的作用,本发明产品组合及制作方法独特,经临床验证,该药治疗效果显著,治疗周期短,价格低廉,无不良反应和任何毒副作用,具有广阔的市场应用前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种中药制剂,具体涉及一种用于治疗病态窦房结综合征的中药制剂,本发明还涉及该中药制剂的制备方法。
背景技术
病态窦房结综合征(心血管内科)是窦房结及其周围组织病变,造成起搏或冲动传出障碍引起的一系列临床表现。虽然任何年龄均可发生,但多见于老年人。常见于特发性退行性硬化、冠心病、急慢性炎症、心肌病及手术后创伤,个别为家族性。主要表现为窦房结及其周围组织的变性、坏死、纤维化或脂肪化,退行性硬化,淀粉样变,甚至钙化,导致起搏或传导功能障碍而引起一系列心律失常的临床症状。
中医学认为,本病属于中医学之心悸、胸痹、眩晕、厥证等病范畴。
目前,病态窦房结综合征尚无特效疗法。西药阿托品、舒喘灵口服等有一定疗效,有明显脑血供不足症状如近乎昏厥或昏厥的患者宜安置按需型人工心脏起搏器。但长期或短时间使用这些药物进行治疗,可引起肥胖、多毛、痤疮、血糖升高、高血压、水肿、恶心、呕吐、头晕,便秘等等一系列副作用症状,停药后原发病变反跳加重与继发的副作用,可使患者产生很大的痛苦,治疗过程反反复复,效果不明显,费用高等,给患者的造成较大的心里压力和病痛压力。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种用于治疗病态窦房结综合征的中药制剂,该中药制剂对于治疗病态窦房结综合征具有治疗效果显著,治愈时间短,价格低廉,无不良反应和副毒作用的特点。
发明人在多年的临床医疗实践中,根据该病症的发展规律,以及中药的配伍原则,并通过大量的临床验证,反复探索总结出用于治疗病态窦房结综合征的中药制剂的新配方。本发明具有治疗效果显著,治愈时间短,价格低廉,无不良反应和副毒作用的特点。
本发明中药物的作用:
其中:
瓜蒌:为葫芦科植物栝楼TrichosantheskirilowiiMaxim.或双边栝楼Trichosan-thesrosthorniiHarms的干燥成熟果实。性味:甘、微苦、寒。归经:归肺、胃、大肠经。功效:清热涤痰,宽胸散结,润燥滑肠。用于肺热咳嗽,痰浊黄稠,胸痹心痛,结胸痞满,乳痈,肺痈,肠痈肿痛,大便秘结。
薤白:为百合科植物小根蒜AlliummacrostemonBge.或薤AlliumchinensisG.Don的干燥鳞茎。性味:辛、苦,温。归肺、胃、大肠经。功效:通阳散结,行气导滞。用于胸痹疼痛,痰饮咳喘,泄痢后重。《本草拾遗》在记载:调中,主久利不瘥,大腹内常恶者,但多煮食之。
半夏:为天南星科植物半夏Pinelliaternata(Thunb.)Breit.的干燥块茎。性味:辛,温;有毒。归脾、胃、肺经。功效:燥湿化痰,降逆止呕,消痞散结。用于痰多咳喘,痰饮眩悸,风痰眩晕,痰厥头痛,呕吐反胃,胸脘痞闷,梅核气;生用外治痈肿痰核。姜半夏多用于降逆止呕。
麦冬:为百合科植物麦冬(沿阶草)Ophiopogonjaponicus(Thunb.)Ker-Gawl.的干燥块根。性味:甘,微苦,微寒。归心、肺、胃经。功能主治:养阴生津,润肺清心。用于肺燥干咳。虚痨咳嗽,津伤口渴,心烦失眠,内热消渴,肠燥便秘;咽白喉。
五味子:为木兰科植物五味子Schisandrachinensis(Turcz.)Baill.或华中五味子SchisandrasphenantheraRehd.etWils.的干燥成熟果实。性味:酸、甘,温。归肺,心、肾经。功效:收敛固涩,益气生津,补肾宁心。用于久嗽虚喘,梦遗滑精,遗尿尿频,久泻不止,自汗,盗汗,津伤口渴,短气脉虚,内热消渴,心悸失眠。
红参:为唇形科植物丹参SalviamiltiorrhizaBunge.的干燥根及根茎。性味:苦,微寒。归心、肝经。功效:祛瘀止痛,活血通经,清心除烦。用于月经不调,经闭痛经,症瘕积聚,胸腹刺痛,热痹疼痛,疮疡肿痛,心烦不眠;肝脾肿大,心绞痛。《滇南本草》中记载:补心定志,安神宁心。治健忘怔冲,惊悸不寐。
丹参:为唇形科植物丹参SalviamiltiorrhizaBunge.的干燥根及根茎。性味:苦,微寒。归心、肝经。功效:祛瘀止痛,活血通经,清心除烦。用于月经不调,经闭痛经,症瘕积聚,胸腹刺痛,热痹疼痛,疮疡肿痛,心烦不眠;肝脾肿大,心绞痛。《滇南本草》中记载:补心定志,安神宁心。治健忘怔冲,惊悸不寐。
川芎:为伞形科植物川芎LigusticumchuanxiongHort.(或LigusticumwallichiiFranch.)的干燥根茎。性味:辛,温。归肝、胆、心包经。功效:活血行气,祛风止痛。用于月经不调,经闭痛经,症瘕腹痛,胸胁刺痛,跌扑肿痛,头痛,风湿痹痛。《日华子本草》中记载:治一切风,一切气,一切劳损,一切血,补五劳,壮筋骨,调众脉,破癥结宿血,养新血,长肉,鼻洪,吐血及溺血,痔瘘,脑痈发背,瘰疬瘿赘,疮疥,及排脓消瘀血。
降香:为豆科植物降香檀DalbergiaodoriferaT.Chen树干和根的干燥心材。性味:辛,温。归肝、脾经。功效:行气活血,止痛,止血。用于脘腹疼痛,肝郁胁痛,胸痹刺痛,跌扑损伤,外伤出血。《纲目》中记载:疗折伤金疮,止血定痛,消肿生肌。
郁金:为姜科植物温郁金CurcumawenyujinY.H.ChenetC.Ling、姜黄CurcumalongaL.、广西莪术CurcumakwangsiensisS.G.LeeetC.F.Liang或蓬莪术CurcumaphaeocaulisVal.的干燥块根。性味:辛、苦,寒。归肝、心、肺经。功效:行气化瘀,清心解郁,利胆退黄。用于经闭痛经,胸腹胀痛、刺痛,热病神昏,癫痫发狂,黄疸尿赤。《本草备要》中记载:行气,解郁;泄血,破瘀。凉心热,散肝郁。
水蛭:为水蛭科动物蚂蟥WhitmaniapigraWhitman、水蛭HirudonipponicaWhitman或柳叶蚂蟥Whit-maniaacranulataWhitman的干燥体。性味:咸、苦,平;有小毒。归肝经。功效:破血,逐瘀,通经。用于症瘕痞块,血瘀经闭,跌扑损伤。
骨碎补:为水龙骨科植物槲蕨Drynariafortunei(Kunze)J.Sm.的干燥根茎。性味:苦,温。归肾、肝经。功效:补肾强骨,续伤止痛。用于肾虚腰痛,耳鸣耳聋,牙齿松动,跌扑闪挫,筋骨折伤;外治斑秃,白癜风。《开宝本草》中记载:主破血,止血,补伤折。
鹿角胶:为鹿角经水煎熬、浓缩制成的固体胶。性味:甘、咸,温。归肾、肝经。功效:温补肝肾,益精养血。用于阳痿滑精,腰膝酸冷,虚劳羸瘦,崩漏下血,便血尿血,阴疽肿痛。《本经》中记载:主伤中劳绝;腰痛羸瘦,补中益气,妇人血闭无子,止痛安胎。
石菖蒲:为天南星科植物石菖蒲AcorustatarinowiiSchott的干燥根茎。性味:辛、苦,温。归心、胃经。功效:化湿开胃,开窍豁痰,醒神益智。用于脘痞不饥,噤口下痢,神昏癫痫,健忘耳聋。《本草备要》中记载:补肝益心,去湿逐风,除痰消积,开胃宽中。疗噤口毒痢,风痹惊痫。
苏合香:为金缕梅科枫香属植物苏合香树LiquidambarorientalisMill.的树干渗出的香树脂,经加工精制而成。性味:辛,温。归心、脾经。功效:开窃,辟秽,止痛。用于中风痰厥,猝然昏倒,胸腹冷痛,惊痫。《本草备要》中记载:走窜,通窍开郁,辟一切不正之气。
干姜:为姜科植物姜ZingiberofficinaleRosc.的干燥根茎。性味:辛、热。归脾、胃、肾、心、肺经。功效:干姜温中散寒,回阳通脉,燥湿消痰。用于脘腹冷痛,呕吐泄泻,肢冷脉微,痰饮喘咳。《纲目》中记载:干姜,能引血药入血分、气药入气分。又能去恶养新,有阳生阴长之意。
桂枝:为樟科植物肉桂CinnamomumcassiaPresl的干燥嫩枝。春、夏二季采收,除去叶,晒干,或切片晒干。性味:辛、甘,温。归心、肺、膀胱经。主治发汗解肌,温通经脉,助阳化气,平冲降气。用于风寒感冒,脘腹冷痛,血寒经闭,关节痹痛,痰饮,水肿,心悸,奔豚。
酒白芍:为毛茛科植物芍药PaeonialactifloraPall.的干燥根炮制品。取净白芍片,用黄酒喷洒均匀,稍润后放锅内炒至微黄色。(每100斤用黄酒10斤)。性味:苦、酸,微寒。归肝、脾经。功效:平肝止痛,养血调经,敛阴止汗。用于头痛眩晕,胁痛,腹痛,四肢挛痛,血虚萎黄,月经不调,自汗,盗汗。《本经》:主邪气腹痛,除血痹,破坚积,治寒热疝瘕,止痛,利小便,益气。
细辛:为马兜铃科植物北细辛AsarumheterotropoidesFr.Schmidtvar.mandshuricum(Maxim.)Kitag.、汉城细辛AsarumsieboldiiMiq.var.seoulenseNakai或华细辛AsarumsieboldiiMiq.的干燥全草。性味:辛,温。归心、肺、肾经。功效:祛风散寒,通窍止痛,温肺化饮。用于风寒感冒,头痛,牙痛,鼻塞鼻渊,风湿痹痛,痰饮喘咳。《本经》中记载:主咳逆,头痛脑动,百节拘挛,风湿痹痛,死肌。明目,利九窍。
麻黄:为麻黄科植物草麻黄EphedrasinicaStapf、中麻黄EphedraintermediaSchrenketC.A.Mey.或木贼麻黄EphedraequisetinaBge.的干燥草质茎。性味:辛、微苦,温。归经:归肺、膀胱经。功效:发汗散寒,宣肺平喘,利水消肿。用于风寒感冒,胸闷喘咳,风水浮肿;支气管哮喘。蜜麻黄润肺止咳。多用于表症已解,气喘咳嗽。《日华子本草》中记载:通九窍,调血脉,御山岚瘴气。
补骨脂:为豆科植物补骨脂PsoraleacorylifoliaL.的干燥成熟果实。性味:辛、苦,温。归肾、脾经。功效:温肾助阳,纳气,止泻。用于阳痿遗精,遗尿尿频,腰膝冷痛,肾虚作喘,五更泄泻;外用治白癜风,斑秃。《玉楸药解》中记载:温暖水土,消化饮食,升达脾胃,收敛滑泄、遗精、带下、溺多、便滑诸证。
红景天:为景天科红景天属植物红景天Rhodiolasaera(Prain)Fu,以全草入药。9~10月采集,洗净晒干。性味:甘、涩,寒。归肺经。功效:清肺止咳,止血,止带。用于肺热咳嗽,咯血,白带;外用治跌打损伤,烧烫伤。
当归:为伞形科植物当归Angelicasinensis(Oliv.)Diels的干燥根。性味:甘、辛,温。归肝、心、脾经。功效:补血活血,调经止痛,润肠通便。用于血虚萎黄,眩晕心悸,月经不调,经闭痛经,虚寒腹痛,肠燥便秘,风湿痹痛,跌扑损伤,痈疽疮疡。酒当归活血通经。用于经闭痛经,风湿痹痛,跌扑损伤。《日华子本草》中记载:治一切风,一切血,补一切劳,破恶血,养新血及主癥癖。
本发明的方解是:麦冬养阴生津、润肺清心,五味子益气生津、补肾宁心,骨碎补补肾强骨、续伤止痛,鹿角胶温补肝肾、益精养血,干姜温中散寒、回阳通脉,桂枝温通经脉、助阳化气,酒白芍养血调经、敛阴止汗,补骨脂温肾助阳、纳气止泻,以上八味药作为方中君药,归心、肾经,具有温中助阳、养阴生津的作用。病态窦房结综合征从中医辨证来看,大多为心气不足,心阳不振,而且又与肾阳虚损有关。所以温中助阳、养阴生津是治疗病态窦房结综合征的基础,以上八味药均为君药,首先从根本上温中助阳、养阴生津,使病症得到根本的控制。红参活血通经、清心除烦,丹参活血通经、清心除烦,川芎活血行气、祛风止痛,降香行气活血、止痛止血,郁金行气化瘀、清心解郁,水蛭破血通经,当归补血活血、调经止痛,以上七味药为方中臣药,一方面辅助君药温中助阳、养阴生津的功效;另一方面作为臣药具有活血通经、行气通经的功效。本病以阳气虚衰为主,标实则以血瘀、寒凝为主,故臣药以活血通经、行气通经辅助君药治疗本病。瓜蒌宽胸散结、润燥滑肠,薤白通阳散结、行气导滞,半夏燥湿化痰、消痞散结,石菖蒲化湿开胃、开窍豁痰,苏合香开窃止痛,细辛祛风散寒、通窍止痛,麻黄发汗散寒、利水消肿,红景天清肺止咳、止血止带,以上八味药作为佐药,从病理上治疗引起病态窦房结综合征的诱因,作为佐药既能促进君臣二药的温中助阳、养阴生津的功效,又能反佐君臣二药促进机体活血通经、行气通经的作用,同时作为具有散结开胃的功效。此方诸药合用,君臣协力,臣佐共辅,具有温中助阳、养阴生津、活血通经、行气通经的功效,能够有效治疗病态窦房结综合征。
本发明另一个重要特点是该中药制剂含有丰富的营养成分,富含氨基酸有17种以上,其中人体必需氨基酸有苏氨酸、缬氨酸、蛋氨酸、异亮氨酸、亮氨酸、赖氨酸和苯丙氨酸,含有人体必需的微量元素有铁、铬、铜、硼、锰、锶、和锌,另含钙、钾、镁、磷几种人体宏量元素。以上营养成分都是人体必需物质,能有效增强人体免疫力。
本发明药物原料用量是经发明人进行大量摸索总结得出的,各原料用量为在下述重量份范围都具有较好的疗效:瓜蒌18-22份、薤白13-17份、半夏8-12份、麦冬13-17份、五味子10-14份、红参8-12份、丹参22-26份、川芎13-17份、降香8-12份、郁金13-17份、水蛭7-11份、骨碎补13-17份、鹿角胶4-8份、石菖蒲13-17份、苏合香1-5份、干姜16-20份、桂枝13-17份、酒白芍10-14份、细辛1-5份、麻黄4-8份、补骨脂6-20份、红景天13-17份、当归13-17份。
其中优选为:瓜蒌20份、薤白15份、半夏10份、麦冬15份、五味子12份、红参10份、丹参24份、川芎15份、降香10份、郁金15份、水蛭9份、骨碎补15份、鹿角胶6份、石菖蒲15份、苏合香3份、干姜18份、桂枝15份、酒白芍12份、细辛3份、麻黄6份、补骨脂18份、红景天15份、当归15份。
一种用于治疗病态窦房结综合征的中药制剂的制备方法如下:
步骤一:按本发明重量份配比,取鹿角胶、苏合香、酒白芍,粉碎,过200目筛,备用;
步骤二:按本发明重量份配比,取半夏、水蛭药材置于砂锅中,加入3倍体积的水,武火熬煮20-30分钟,转文火熬煮30-40分钟,过滤滤液,反复熬煮三次,合并三次滤液,备用;
步骤三:按本发明重量配比,取麦冬、红参、丹参、郁金、骨碎补、石菖蒲、干姜、桂枝、麻黄、红景天药材置于砂锅中,加入8倍体积的水,武火熬煮20-30分钟后,加入瓜蒌、薤白、川芎、降香、当归及分别用纱布包扎好的五味子、补骨脂、细辛,武火熬煮10-20分钟,转文火熬煮30~40分钟得滤液,反复熬煮三次合并所得滤液,备用;
步骤四:合并步骤二、步骤三所得滤液并与步骤一所得粉末,混合,搅匀,既得本发明所述的治疗病态窦房结综合征的汤剂。
本发明使用方法:取汤剂,饭后一小时内服用,每天三次。
本发明药物具有温中助阳、养阴生津、活血通经、行气通经的作用,且止痛效果好,价格低廉,无毒副作用,使用方便,该中药制剂采用的方式治疗可以减少西药对患者身体的伤害,减轻患者的病痛,据对临床240例患者观察统计,使用本发明药物一个疗程总有效率82.5%,两个疗程总有效率95%。
具体实施方式
实施例一:瓜蒌20份、薤白15份、半夏10份、麦冬15份、五味子12份、红参10份、丹参24份、川芎15份、降香10份、郁金15份、水蛭9份、骨碎补15份、鹿角胶6份、石菖蒲15份、苏合香3份、干姜18份、桂枝15份、酒白芍12份、细辛3份、麻黄6份、补骨脂18份、红景天15份、当归15份。
实施例二:瓜蒌21份、薤白14份、半夏11份、麦冬16份、五味子12份、红参10份、丹参24份、川芎15份、降香10份、郁金14份、水蛭8份、骨碎补16份、鹿角胶7份、石菖蒲15份、苏合香4份、干姜17份、桂枝13份、酒白芍11份、细辛4份、麻黄7份、补骨脂19份、红景天15份、当归14份。
实施例三:瓜蒌21份、薤白16份、半夏12份、麦冬15份、五味子11份、红参11份、丹参23份、川芎16份、降香11份、郁金14份、水蛭9份、骨碎补16份、鹿角胶7份、石菖蒲14份、苏合香4份、干姜18份、桂枝15份、酒白芍13份、细辛3份、麻黄7份、补骨脂17份、红景天15份、当归16份。
下面是患者使用本发明药物的临床统计资料:
一、一般资料
收治门诊患者240例,将患者随机分为观察组和对照组各30例,其中男性100例,女性140例,男女比例1:1.4,最大年龄70岁,最小年龄40岁,病程几个月到几年不等。两组患者年龄、性别、病程等各项基本资料基本相同,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。
二、诊断标准
1、有持续或间歇出现慢于50次/min的窦性心律兼有窦房阻滞或窦性静止以及缓慢的逸搏心律或异位心动过速时;
2、双结病变窦房结与房室交界区功能均不正常,表现有房室交界性逸搏、逸搏心律和二度、三度房室传导阻滞;
3、全传导系统功能障碍窦房结及其以下的传导系统均有不同程度的改变,表现有窦房、房内、房室交界区及室内传导阻滞;
三、治疗方法:
1、观察组按照本发明药物实施例一,称取原料药按发明实施方法治疗,取汤剂,饭后一小时内服用,每天三次。7天为一个疗程。
2、对照组采用常规西药阿托品治疗,7天为一疗程。
四、疗效评定标准:
1、治愈:症状消失,平卧心率增加5次/min以上,及/或SNRT、CSNRT恢复正常或接近正常。
2、好转:症状减轻,平卧心率增加2~4次/min,及/或SNRT、CSNRT显著缩短。
3、无效:症状未改善,平卧心率增加<2次/min,及/或SNRT、CSNRT无改变甚至有恶化倾向。
五、治疗结果统计:
对照组结果统计
使用该中药制剂两个疗程两组患者的疗效对比情况
其中:总有效率=治愈率+好转率
通过对比两组患者的治疗总有效率可以发现观察组明显高于对照组,由此说明,本发明中药在治疗病态窦房结综合征上具有良好的临床效果,能有效提高治疗的治愈率,效果显著,价格低廉,无不良反应和任何毒副作用,具有广阔的市场应用前景。
典型病例及疗效:
病例一、患者王某,女,66岁,青岛市人,2010年1月20日来我处就诊。主诉:乏力、头昏、眼花、失眠、记忆力差、反应迟钝,严重时近乎晕厥。去医院检查诊断结果为:间歇性出现慢于50次/min的窦性心律兼有窦房阻滞,诊断为病态窦房结综合征。经治疗病情缓解,但未治愈。十天前因劳累过度,又出现症状,遂来我处治疗,采用本发明实施例一中所制制剂,以及所选的制备方法,用药5天后,部分症状消失,恢复良好,继续用药6天,彻底治愈,电话随访半年未复发。
病例二、患者李某,男,52岁,山东临沂人。2010年5月14日来我处就诊,乏力、头昏、眼花、失眠、记忆力差、反应迟钝或易激动等,严重者时引起短暂黑矇,经诊断症状如下:持续性出现慢于50次/min的窦性心律窦性静止以及缓慢的逸搏心律,双结病变窦房结与房室交界区功能均不正常,确诊为病态窦房结综合征。采用本发明实施例一中所制制剂,以及所选的制备方法,症状减退,不适感稍有减轻,用药7天后,恢复良好,继续用药5天,彻底治愈,电话随访半年未复发。
Claims (4)
1.一种用于治疗病态窦房结综合征的中药制剂,其特征在于,该中药制剂是由以下重量份的药物制成:瓜蒌18-22份、薤白13-17份、半夏8-12份、麦冬13-17份、五味子10-14份、红参8-12份、丹参22-26份、川芎13-17份、降香8-12份、郁金13-17份、水蛭7-11份、骨碎补13-17份、鹿角胶4-8份、石菖蒲13-17份、苏合香1-5份、干姜16-20份、桂枝13-17份、酒白芍10-14份、细辛1-5份、麻黄4-8份、补骨脂6-20份、红景天13-17份、当归13-17份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用于治疗病态窦房结综合征的中药制剂,其特征在于,由以下重量份的药物制成:瓜蒌20份、薤白15份、半夏10份、麦冬15份、五味子12份、红参10份、丹参24份、川芎15份、降香10份、郁金15份、水蛭9份、骨碎补15份、鹿角胶6份、石菖蒲15份、苏合香3份、干姜18份、桂枝15份、酒白芍12份、细辛3份、麻黄6份、补骨脂18份、红景天15份、当归15份。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的用于治疗病态窦房结综合征的中药制剂,其特征在于:所述中药制剂为汤剂。
4.一种用于治疗病态窦房结综合征的中药制剂的制备方法,其特征在于,制备方法如下:
步骤一:按本发明重量份配比,取鹿角胶、苏合香、酒白芍,粉碎,过200目筛,备用;
步骤二:按本发明重量份配比,取半夏、水蛭药材置于砂锅中,加入3倍体积的水,武火熬煮20-30分钟,转文火熬煮30-40分钟,过滤滤液,反复熬煮三次,合并三次滤液,备用;
步骤三:按本发明重量配比,取麦冬、红参、丹参、郁金、骨碎补、石菖蒲、干姜、桂枝、麻黄、红景天药材置于砂锅中,加入8倍体积的水,武火熬煮20-30分钟后,加入瓜蒌、薤白、川芎、降香、当归及分别用纱布包扎好的五味子、补骨脂、细辛,武火熬煮10-20分钟,转文火熬煮30~40分钟得滤液,反复熬煮三次合并所得滤液,备用;
步骤四:合并步骤二、步骤三所得滤液并与步骤一所得粉末,混合,搅匀,既得本发明所述的治疗病态窦房结综合征的汤剂。
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