CN105738575A - Anaerobic ammonia oxidation granular sludge shrinkage measuring device and method - Google Patents
Anaerobic ammonia oxidation granular sludge shrinkage measuring device and method Download PDFInfo
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- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 title claims abstract 26
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract 6
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract 5
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract 5
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract 20
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract 11
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 claims abstract 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 6
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims 3
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 abstract 1
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种厌氧氨氧化颗粒污泥胀缩测定装置及其方法。装置整体分为主体圆筒、气压平衡器和气体抽吸器三部分，主体圆筒通过螺纹封盖上的U形管接头和针管接头与气压平衡器和气体抽吸器联结。主体圆筒从上到下设有螺纹封盖、气体收集区和反应区，反应区上部为液体层，下部为颗粒污泥层，主体圆筒侧壁标有刻度，可指示液体层和颗粒污泥层界面位置的变化。气压平衡器设有小螺纹封盖和装液瓶，用于主体圆筒密封和排气。气体抽吸器设有抽吸接头、抽吸圆筒和抽吸活塞，用于产生负压和释放泥内气体。本发明可定量观测颗粒污泥的胀缩特征，用于指示颗粒污泥的活性和沉降性，构造简单，操作方便。
The invention discloses an anaerobic ammonia oxidation granular sludge expansion and contraction measuring device and a method thereof. The whole device is divided into three parts: the main cylinder, the air pressure balancer and the gas aspirator. The main cylinder is connected with the air pressure balancer and the gas aspirator through the U-shaped pipe joint and the needle joint on the threaded cover. The main cylinder is equipped with a threaded cover, a gas collection area and a reaction area from top to bottom. The upper part of the reaction area is a liquid layer, and the lower part is a granular sludge layer. The side wall of the main cylinder is marked with a scale to indicate the liquid layer and granular sludge Changes in the position of the mud layer interface. Air pressure equalizers feature small threaded closures and filling bottles for sealing and venting the body cylinder. The gas aspirator is equipped with a suction joint, a suction cylinder and a suction piston, which are used to generate negative pressure and release the gas in the mud. The invention can quantitatively observe the expansion and contraction characteristics of the granular sludge, and is used to indicate the activity and settling property of the granular sludge, and has simple structure and convenient operation.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于实验设备领域，具体涉及一种厌氧氨氧化颗粒污泥胀缩测定装置及其方法。The invention belongs to the field of experimental equipment, and in particular relates to an anaerobic ammonium oxidation granular sludge expansion and contraction measuring device and a method thereof.
背景技术Background technique
厌氧氨氧化是以氨为电子供体、亚硝酸为电子受体形成氮气的生物反应，可同时去除氨和亚硝酸两种污染物，在废水生物脱氮中具有诱人的应用前景。厌氧氨氧化颗粒污泥是厌氧氨氧化污泥床反应器高效运行的必要基础，研究和监测厌氧氨氧化颗粒污泥的活性和沉降性，有助于实时了解厌氧氨氧化颗粒污泥的工作状态，增强厌氧氨氧化污泥床反应器的过程控制和性能优化。Anaerobic ammonium oxidation is a biological reaction in which ammonia is used as an electron donor and nitrous acid is used as an electron acceptor to form nitrogen gas. It can remove both ammonia and nitrous acid pollutants at the same time, and has an attractive application prospect in the biological denitrification of wastewater. Anaerobic ammonium oxidation granular sludge is the necessary basis for the efficient operation of anammox sludge bed reactors. Research and monitoring of the activity and settling properties of anammox granular sludge is helpful for real-time understanding of anammox granular sludge. Sludge working state, enhanced process control and performance optimization of anammox sludge bed reactor.
厌氧氨氧化颗粒污泥由厌氧氨氧化菌、胞外多聚物(EPS)和孔隙组成，基质(氨和亚硝酸)以溶解态随水进入颗粒污泥内部，然后由厌氧氨氧化菌转化成氮气。氮气在水中的溶解度较低，颗粒污泥内易析出形成气泡；由于颗粒污泥内的孔隙大小处于毛细管尺度，气泡(氮气)由于表面张力易被“堵”在孔隙内而产生内压，致使颗粒污泥体积膨胀。当内压积累至超过表面张力时，驱动气泡向颗粒污泥表面运动，当气泡迁移到表面并释放时，颗粒污泥内压骤降，体积收缩产生负压，此时又从颗粒污泥表面吸入水以及溶于其中的基质，开始下一轮胀缩运动。由于厌氧氨氧化颗粒污泥的胀缩运动由其内部微生物代谢引起，并通过颗粒污泥体积变化影响颗粒污泥的沉降性。因此，可将颗粒污泥体积变化周期可用于指示颗粒污泥的活性，变化幅度可用于指示颗粒污泥沉降性。但目前尚没有一种有效地实验设备能对厌氧氨氧化颗粒污泥的胀缩情况进行有效地测定，不利于厌氧氨氧化颗粒污泥的研究工作开展。Anaerobic ammonia oxidation granular sludge is composed of anammox bacteria, extracellular polymer (EPS) and pores. The matrix (ammonia and nitrous acid) enters the granular sludge with water in a dissolved state, and is then anaerobic ammonium oxidation Bacteria converts nitrogen gas. The solubility of nitrogen in water is low, and it is easy to precipitate and form bubbles in the granular sludge; because the size of the pores in the granular sludge is at the capillary scale, the bubbles (nitrogen) are easily "blocked" in the pores due to surface tension and generate internal pressure, resulting in Granular sludge volume expansion. When the internal pressure accumulates to exceed the surface tension, the air bubbles are driven to move to the surface of the granular sludge. When the air bubbles migrate to the surface and are released, the internal pressure of the granular sludge drops sharply, and the volume shrinks to generate a negative pressure. Inhale the water and the matrix dissolved in it, and start the next round of expansion and contraction. The expansion and contraction of the anaerobic ammonium oxidation granular sludge is caused by its internal microbial metabolism, and affects the sedimentation of the granular sludge through the volume change of the granular sludge. Therefore, the volume change period of granular sludge can be used to indicate the activity of granular sludge, and the range of change can be used to indicate the settleability of granular sludge. But at present, there is no effective experimental equipment that can effectively measure the expansion and contraction of anammox granular sludge, which is not conducive to the research work of anammox granular sludge.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是解决现有技术中存在的问题，并提供一种厌氧氨氧化颗粒污泥胀缩测定装置，通过观测颗粒污泥体积胀缩，指示颗粒污泥的活性与沉降性。The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems existing in the prior art, and provide a device for measuring the expansion and contraction of anaerobic ammonium oxidation granular sludge, which can indicate the activity and sedimentation of granular sludge by observing the volume expansion and contraction of granular sludge.
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用的具体技术方案如下：In order to achieve the above object, the concrete technical scheme that the present invention adopts is as follows:
一种厌氧氨氧化颗粒污泥胀缩测定装置，装置整体分为主体圆筒、气压平衡器和气体抽吸器三部分，具体包括气体收集区、反应区、液体层、颗粒污泥层、大螺纹封盖、第一U形管接头、针管接头、U形管、第二U形管接头、装液瓶、水室、顶空室、小螺纹封盖、排气管、排气阀、抽吸接头、抽吸圆筒、抽吸活塞；An anaerobic ammonium oxidation granular sludge expansion and contraction measurement device. The device is divided into three parts: a main cylinder, an air pressure balancer and a gas aspirator, and specifically includes a gas collection area, a reaction area, a liquid layer, a granular sludge layer, Large screw cap, first U-shaped tube connector, needle tube connector, U-shaped tube, second U-shaped tube connector, liquid filling bottle, water chamber, headspace chamber, small threaded cap, exhaust pipe, exhaust valve, Suction joint, suction cylinder, suction piston;
主体圆筒顶部设有大螺纹封盖，内部从上到下依次为气体收集区和反应区；反应区上部为液体层，下部为颗粒污泥层；气体收集区为一顶空，用于收集反应区产生的气体以及传递气体抽吸器产生的负压；主体圆筒侧壁标有刻度，可指示液体层和颗粒污泥层界面位置的变化；大螺纹封盖上设有U形管接头和针管接头，U形管接头通过U形管与气压平衡器联通，针管接头通过抽吸接头与气体抽吸器联通；There is a large threaded cover on the top of the main cylinder, and the inside is a gas collection area and a reaction area from top to bottom; the upper part of the reaction area is a liquid layer, and the lower part is a granular sludge layer; the gas collection area is a headspace for collecting The gas generated in the reaction zone and the negative pressure generated by the transfer gas aspirator; the side wall of the main cylinder is marked with a scale, which can indicate the change of the interface position between the liquid layer and the granular sludge layer; the large threaded cover is equipped with a U-shaped pipe joint and the needle tube connector, the U-shaped tube connector communicates with the air pressure balancer through the U-shaped tube, and the needle tube connector communicates with the gas aspirator through the suction connector;
气压平衡器由小螺纹封盖和装液瓶组成，装液瓶内部从上到下分为顶空室和水室；小螺纹封盖上设有U形管接头和排气管，U形管接头通过U形管与主体圆筒联通，排气管上部与大气连通并且设有排气阀；The air pressure balancer is composed of a small screw cap and a liquid bottle. The interior of the liquid bottle is divided into a headspace chamber and a water chamber from top to bottom; the small thread cap is equipped with a U-shaped pipe joint and an exhaust pipe, and the U-shaped pipe joint It communicates with the main cylinder through a U-shaped pipe, and the upper part of the exhaust pipe communicates with the atmosphere and is equipped with an exhaust valve;
气体抽吸器设有抽吸接头、抽吸圆筒和抽吸活塞；抽吸接头为砂磨接头，下部与针管接头密封联结；抽吸圆筒侧壁标有刻度，用于指示体积变化；抽吸活塞置于抽吸圆筒内，与侧壁密封但可抽动。The gas aspirator is equipped with a suction joint, a suction cylinder and a suction piston; the suction joint is a sanding joint, and the lower part is sealed with the needle joint; the side wall of the suction cylinder is marked with a scale to indicate the volume change; The suction piston is placed in the suction cylinder, sealed with the side wall but movable.
作为优选，所述的主体圆筒内反应区和气体收集区体积之比为4：1；反应区内液体层与颗粒污泥层体积之比为1：2。Preferably, the volume ratio of the reaction zone and the gas collection zone in the main body cylinder is 4:1; the volume ratio of the liquid layer and the granular sludge layer in the reaction zone is 1:2.
作为优选，所述的气压平衡器内装液瓶和主体圆筒内反应区体积之比为1：9；装液瓶内顶空室和水室体积之比为1：4；U形管接头伸入水室水面以下20～30mm，用于隔离空气。As a preference, the ratio of the volume of the liquid bottle in the air pressure balancer to the reaction zone in the main cylinder is 1:9; the volume ratio of the headspace chamber in the liquid bottle to the water chamber is 1:4; the U-shaped pipe joint extends 20-30mm below the water surface of the water inlet chamber, used to isolate the air.
作为优选，所述的气体抽吸器内抽吸圆筒和主体圆筒内气体收集区体积之比为2：1。Preferably, the volume ratio of the suction cylinder in the gas aspirator and the gas collection area in the main cylinder is 2:1.
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种使用所述装置的厌氧氨氧化颗粒污泥胀缩测定方法，步骤如下：Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for measuring the expansion and contraction of anaerobic ammonium oxidation granular sludge using the device, the steps are as follows:
先将培养液放入主体圆筒的反应区内，记录液位刻度H1；再将厌氧氨氧化颗粒污泥继续放入反应区内，记录液位刻度H2；将两液位之差H2-H1作为颗粒污泥初始体积；用大螺纹封盖密封主体圆筒，打开气压平衡器的排气阀，将气体抽吸器内抽吸活塞推至零刻度；对厌氧氨氧化颗粒污泥进行培养，记录装液瓶内水室不再产生气泡时的主体圆筒中液位刻度H3，此时的主体圆筒液位刻度与颗粒污泥刚放入主体圆筒时的液位刻度之差H3-H2为颗粒污泥膨胀体积；关闭气压平衡器的排气阀，用气体抽吸器抽吸出主体圆筒内的气体，使主体圆筒内产生负压，颗粒污泥排出气泡，记录颗粒污泥排出气泡后的主体圆筒液位刻度H4；此时的主体圆筒液位刻度与颗粒污泥刚放入主体圆筒时的液位刻度之差H2-H4为颗粒污泥皱缩体积。First put the culture solution into the reaction zone of the main cylinder, and record the liquid level scale H 1 ; then continue to put the anammox granular sludge into the reaction zone, and record the liquid level scale H 2 ; the difference between the two liquid levels H 2 -H 1 is used as the initial volume of granular sludge; seal the main cylinder with a large screw cap, open the exhaust valve of the air pressure balancer, and push the suction piston in the gas aspirator to zero scale; for anaerobic ammonium oxidation The granular sludge is cultivated, and the liquid level scale H 3 in the main cylinder when the water chamber in the liquid filling bottle no longer produces air bubbles is recorded. The difference between H 3 -H 2 is the expansion volume of granular sludge; close the exhaust valve of the air pressure balancer, and use a gas aspirator to suck out the gas in the main cylinder, so that negative pressure is generated in the main cylinder, and the particles The sludge discharges air bubbles, and records the liquid level scale H 4 of the main cylinder after the granular sludge discharges the air bubbles; the difference H 2 between the liquid level scale of the main cylinder at this time and the liquid level scale when the granular sludge is just put into the main cylinder -H 4 is the shrinkage volume of granular sludge.
进一步的，关联颗粒污泥在主体圆筒I内的浮沉状况和体积胀缩变化，用于定量计算厌氧氨氧化颗粒污泥内允许的气泡体积。Further, correlating the floating and sinking conditions and volume expansion and contraction changes of the granular sludge in the main cylinder I is used to quantitatively calculate the volume of air bubbles allowed in the anaerobic ammonium oxidation granular sludge.
本发明的有益效果是：1)装置构造简单，操作方便；2)通过气体抽吸器与气压平衡器的配合使用，可观测颗粒污泥胀缩的微小体积变化；3)通过颗粒污泥体积的变化周期，可判断颗粒污泥活性；4)通过颗粒污泥体积的变化幅度，可判断颗粒污泥沉降性。The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1) the structure of the device is simple, and the operation is convenient; 2) through the combined use of the gas aspirator and the air pressure balancer, the tiny volume change of the expansion and contraction of the granular sludge can be observed; 3) the volume change of the granular sludge can be observed; The change period of the granular sludge can be used to judge the activity of the granular sludge; 4) The sedimentation of the granular sludge can be judged by the change range of the granular sludge volume.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是一种厌氧氨氧化颗粒污泥胀缩测定装置结构图；Fig. 1 is a kind of anaerobic ammonium oxidation granular sludge expansion and contraction measuring device structural diagram;
图中：主体圆筒I、气压平衡器II、气体抽吸器III；气体收集区1、反应区2、液体层3、颗粒污泥层4、大螺纹封盖5、第一U形管接头6、针管接头7、U形管8、第二U形管接头9、装液瓶10、水室11、顶空室12、小螺纹封盖13、排气管14、排气阀15、抽吸接头16、抽吸圆筒17和抽吸活塞18。In the figure: main cylinder I, air pressure balancer II, gas aspirator III; gas collection area 1, reaction area 2, liquid layer 3, granular sludge layer 4, large screw cap 5, first U-shaped pipe joint 6, needle tube connector 7, U-shaped tube 8, second U-shaped tube connector 9, liquid filling bottle 10, water chamber 11, headspace chamber 12, small screw cap 13, exhaust pipe 14, exhaust valve 15, pump Suction connection 16 , suction cylinder 17 and suction piston 18 .
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合具体附图和具体实施方式对本发明做进一步说明。若没有特殊说明或冲突，各优选实施方式可以任意组合。The present invention will be further described below in combination with specific drawings and specific embodiments. Unless otherwise stated or conflicted, the various preferred implementation modes can be combined arbitrarily.
如图1所示，一种厌氧氨氧化颗粒污泥胀缩测定装置。装置整体分为主体圆筒I、气压平衡器II和气体抽吸器III三部分。具体来说，包括气体收集区1、反应区2、液体层3、颗粒污泥层4、大螺纹封盖5、第一U形管接头6、针管接头7、U形管8、第二U形管接头9、装液瓶10、水室11、顶空室12、小螺纹封盖13、排气管14、排气阀15、抽吸接头16、抽吸圆筒17、抽吸活塞18。As shown in Figure 1, a device for measuring the expansion and contraction of anaerobic ammonium oxidation granular sludge. The whole device is divided into three parts: the main cylinder I, the air pressure balancer II and the gas aspirator III. Specifically, it includes a gas collection area 1, a reaction area 2, a liquid layer 3, a granular sludge layer 4, a large screw cap 5, a first U-shaped pipe joint 6, a needle pipe joint 7, a U-shaped pipe 8, and a second U-shaped pipe. Shaped pipe joint 9, liquid bottle 10, water chamber 11, headspace chamber 12, small screw cap 13, exhaust pipe 14, exhaust valve 15, suction joint 16, suction cylinder 17, suction piston 18 .
主体圆筒I用于放置污泥颗粒，其顶部设有可拆卸的大螺纹封盖5进行密封。其内部空间从上到下依次为气体收集区1和反应区2。使用状态下，反应区2上部为液体层3，下部为颗粒污泥层4。气体收集区1为一顶空，用于收集反应区2产生的气体以及传递气体抽吸器III产生的负压。主体圆筒I侧壁标有刻度，可指示液体层和颗粒污泥层界面位置的变化。大螺纹封盖5上设有连接主体圆筒内外侧的U形管接头6和针管接头7，U形管接头6通过U形管8与气压平衡器II联通，针管接头7通过抽吸接头16与气体抽吸器III联通。The main body cylinder 1 is used to place sludge particles, and its top is provided with a detachable large threaded cover 5 for sealing. Its internal space is a gas collection area 1 and a reaction area 2 in sequence from top to bottom. In the state of use, the upper part of the reaction zone 2 is a liquid layer 3, and the lower part is a granular sludge layer 4. The gas collection zone 1 is a headspace for collecting the gas generated in the reaction zone 2 and transferring the negative pressure generated by the gas aspirator III. The side wall of the main cylinder I is marked with a scale, which can indicate the change of the interface position between the liquid layer and the granular sludge layer. The large screw cap 5 is provided with a U-shaped pipe joint 6 and a needle joint 7 connecting the inside and outside of the main body cylinder. The U-shaped pipe joint 6 communicates with the air pressure balancer II through the U-shaped pipe 8, and the needle joint 7 passes through the suction joint 16. Connected to gas aspirator III.
气压平衡器II由小螺纹封盖13和装液瓶10组成，装液瓶10内部从上到下分为顶空室12和水室11；小螺纹封盖13上设有U形管接头9和排气管14，U形管接头9通过U形管8与主体圆筒I联通，排气管14上部与大气连通并且设有排气阀15。The air pressure balancer II consists of a small screw cap 13 and a liquid bottle 10. The inside of the liquid bottle 10 is divided into a headspace chamber 12 and a water chamber 11 from top to bottom; the small thread cap 13 is provided with a U-shaped pipe joint 9 and Exhaust pipe 14, U-shaped pipe joint 9 communicates with main body cylinder 1 through U-shaped pipe 8, and the upper part of exhaust pipe 14 communicates with atmosphere and is provided with exhaust valve 15.
气体抽吸器III采用类似针筒的设计，设有抽吸接头16、抽吸圆筒17和抽吸活塞18。抽吸接头16为砂磨接头，下部与针管接头7密封联结；抽吸圆筒17侧壁标有刻度，用于指示体积变化。抽吸活塞18置于抽吸圆筒17内，与侧壁密封但可活塞式抽动。The gas aspirator III adopts a syringe-like design and is provided with a suction joint 16 , a suction cylinder 17 and a suction piston 18 . The suction joint 16 is a sanding joint, and its lower part is sealed with the needle joint 7; the side wall of the suction cylinder 17 is marked with scales for indicating volume changes. The suction piston 18 is placed in the suction cylinder 17, which is sealed with the side wall but can be pumped by piston.
上述各装置的尺寸及比例可视实际情况进行设定。在本实施方式中，所述的主体圆筒I内反应区2和气体收集区1体积之比为4：1；反应区2内液体层3与颗粒污泥层4体积之比为1：2。所述的气压平衡器II内装液瓶10和主体圆筒I内反应区2体积之比为1：9；装液瓶10内顶空室12和水室11体积之比为1：4；U形管接头9伸入水室11水面以下20～30mm，用于隔离空气。所述的气体抽吸器III内抽吸圆筒17和主体圆筒I内气体收集区1体积之比为2：1。经过试验，上述尺寸及比例能够较好地完成本发明的测试目的。The size and ratio of each of the above-mentioned devices can be set according to the actual situation. In this embodiment, the volume ratio of the reaction zone 2 and the gas collection zone 1 in the main cylinder 1 is 4:1; the volume ratio of the liquid layer 3 and the granular sludge layer 4 in the reaction zone 2 is 1:2 . The volume ratio of the liquid bottle 10 in the air pressure balancer II and the reaction zone 2 in the main cylinder I is 1:9; the volume ratio of the headspace chamber 12 in the liquid bottle 10 and the water chamber 11 is 1:4; U Shape pipe joint 9 stretches into 20～30mm below the water surface of water chamber 11, is used for isolating air. The volume ratio of the suction cylinder 17 in the gas aspirator III and the gas collection area 1 in the main cylinder I is 2:1. Through experiments, the above-mentioned dimensions and ratios can better fulfill the testing purpose of the present invention.
为了便于实时观察污泥颗粒的产气及浮沉情况，所述的主体圆筒I采用透明的有机玻璃制作；所述的气压平衡II可采用透明玻璃瓶。In order to observe the gas production and ups and downs of the sludge particles in real time, the main cylinder I is made of transparent plexiglass; the air pressure balance II can be made of a transparent glass bottle.
基于上述装置，本发明还提供了一种厌氧氨氧化颗粒污泥胀缩测定方法，步骤如下：Based on the above-mentioned device, the present invention also provides a method for measuring the expansion and contraction of anaerobic ammonium oxidation granular sludge, the steps are as follows:
先将培养液放入主体圆筒I的反应区2内，记录液位刻度H1；再将厌氧氨氧化颗粒污泥继续放入反应区2内，记录液位刻度H2；将两液位之差H2-H1作为颗粒污泥初始体积；用大螺纹封盖5密封主体圆筒I，打开气压平衡器II的排气阀15，将气体抽吸器III内抽吸活塞18推至零刻度。厌氧氨氧化颗粒污泥培养一段时间后，可观察到气压平衡器装液瓶内水室产生气泡，根据气泡剧烈程度可定性判断颗粒污泥活性大小。在厌氧氨氧化颗粒污泥的培养过程中，记录装液瓶10内水室11不再产生气泡时的主体圆筒I中液位刻度H3，此时的主体圆筒液位刻度与颗粒污泥刚放入主体圆筒时的液位刻度之差H3-H2为颗粒污泥膨胀体积；关闭气压平衡器II的排气阀15，用气体抽吸器III抽吸出主体圆筒I内的气体，使主体圆筒内产生负压，颗粒污泥排出气泡，记录颗粒污泥排出气泡后的主体圆筒液位刻度H4；此时的主体圆筒I液位刻度与颗粒污泥刚放入主体圆筒时的液位刻度之差H2-H4为颗粒污泥皱缩体积。First put the culture solution into the reaction zone 2 of the main cylinder 1 , and record the liquid level scale H1; then continue to put the anammox granular sludge into the reaction zone 2, and record the liquid level scale H2 ; The difference between the positions H 2 -H 1 is taken as the initial volume of granular sludge; seal the main cylinder I with a large screw cap 5, open the exhaust valve 15 of the air pressure balancer II, and push the suction piston 18 in the gas aspirator III to zero mark. After the anaerobic ammonium oxidation granular sludge is cultivated for a period of time, bubbles can be observed in the water chamber of the air pressure balancer liquid bottle, and the activity of the granular sludge can be qualitatively judged according to the intensity of the bubbles. During the cultivation process of anaerobic ammonium oxidation granular sludge, record the liquid level scale H 3 in the main cylinder I when the water chamber 11 in the liquid filling bottle 10 no longer produces air bubbles. The difference between the liquid level scale when the sludge is just put into the main cylinder H 3 -H 2 is the expanded volume of the granular sludge; close the exhaust valve 15 of the air pressure balancer II, and use the gas aspirator III to suck out the main cylinder The gas in I causes negative pressure to be generated in the main cylinder, and the granular sludge discharges air bubbles. Record the liquid level scale H4 of the main cylinder after the granular sludge discharges the air bubbles ; The difference H 2 -H 4 of the liquid level scale when the sludge is just put into the main cylinder is the shrinkage volume of the granular sludge.
另外，测定过程中，若关联颗粒污泥在主体圆筒I内的浮沉状况和体积胀缩变化，用于定量计算厌氧氨氧化颗粒污泥内允许的气泡体积。同时，通过颗粒污泥体积的变化周期，可判断颗粒污泥活性；通过颗粒污泥体积的变化幅度，可判断颗粒污泥沉降性。因此，本发明可定量观测颗粒污泥的胀缩特征，用于指示颗粒污泥的活性和沉降性，且具有构造简单，操作方便的优点。In addition, during the measurement process, if the floating and sinking conditions and volume expansion and contraction changes of the granular sludge in the main cylinder I are correlated, it is used to quantitatively calculate the volume of air bubbles allowed in the anaerobic ammonium oxidation granular sludge. At the same time, the activity of granular sludge can be judged by the change period of the granular sludge volume; the sedimentation of the granular sludge can be judged by the change range of the granular sludge volume. Therefore, the invention can quantitatively observe the expansion and contraction characteristics of the granular sludge to indicate the activity and settling property of the granular sludge, and has the advantages of simple structure and convenient operation.
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