CN105727155A - 一种防治甲型肝炎的中药配方及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明属于中医中药技术领域，特别涉及一种防治甲型肝炎的中药配方及其制备方法。由以下重量份数的原料配制而成：板蓝根10～20份、垂柳枝5～10份、莱菔子3～5份、半夏3～5份、凤尾草3～8份、徐长卿3～5份、车前子3～5份、郁金3～5份、茯苓3～8份、龙胆草3～8份、白花蛇舌草3～8份、虎杖5～10份、赤芍3～8份、升麻3～8份、茵陈5～10份、翠云草5～10份、炙甘草3～5份。制备方法是称取原料，加水没过药材，浸泡后进行煎煮。通过中药的调理，清热解毒、行气解郁、败瘟退黄，快速控制甲肝病情，抗病毒杀菌消炎，同时利肝胆，具有一定的预防作用，对疫苗不适用的病人可服用此方，防止大规模传染。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于中医中药技术领域，特别涉及一种防治甲型肝炎的中药配方及其制备方法。
背景技术
甲型病毒性肝炎，简称甲型肝炎、甲肝，是由甲型肝炎病毒(HAV)引起的，以肝脏炎症病变为主的传染病，主要通过粪-口途径传播，临床上以疲乏，食欲减退，肝肿大，肝功能异常为主要表现，部分病例出现黄疸，主要表现为急性肝炎，无症状感染者常见。任何年龄均可患本病，但主要为儿童和青少年。成人甲肝的临床症状一般较儿童为重。冬春季节常是甲肝发病的高峰期。本病病程呈自限性，无慢性化，引起急性重型肝炎者极为少见，随着灭活疫苗在全世界的使用，甲型肝炎的流行已得到有效的控制。
甲型肝炎以急性肝炎为主，无慢性化，预后好。同时感染或重叠感染其他嗜肝病毒时，病情可加重甚至可以发生重型肝炎。重型肝炎占全部甲肝病例的0.2％～0.4％，病死率高。中国专利(CN103830432A)公开了一种治疗甲肝的中药，能够一定程度的治疗甲肝，但治疗周期长，显效慢，不能具有预防作用，具有一定的局限性。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供防治甲型肝炎的中药配方及其制备方法，通过中药的调理，清热解毒、行气解郁、败瘟退黄，快速控制甲肝病情，抗病毒杀菌消炎，同时利肝胆，具有一定的预防作用，对疫苗不适用的病人可服用此方，防止大规模传染。
本发明提供一种防治甲型肝炎的中药配方，由以下重量份数的原料配制而成：板蓝根10～20份、垂柳枝5～10份、莱菔子3～5份、半夏3～5份、凤尾草3～8份、徐长卿3～5份、车前子3～5份、郁金3～5份、茯苓3～8份、龙胆草3～8份、白花蛇舌草3～8份、虎杖5～10份、赤芍3～8份、升麻3～8份、茵陈5～10份、翠云草5～10份、炙甘草3～5份。
进一步优选为由以下重量份数的原料配制而成：板蓝根15份、垂柳枝6份、莱菔子4份、半夏3份、凤尾草5份、徐长卿4份、车前子3份、郁金4份、茯苓5份、龙胆草6份、白花蛇舌草6份、虎杖7份、赤芍6份、升麻5份、茵陈8份、翠云草7份、炙甘草4份。
制备方法是按上述重量份称取中药原料，加入冷水，没过药材2～5cm，浸泡1个小时；然后进行煎煮，先用武火煮开，煮开后转为文火熬煮20～40min；煮好后，滤出药汁作为头煎；将药渣重复上述步骤煎煮，煮好后，将两次煎煮的药汁合并即可。
药理分析：
板蓝根：苦，寒，无毒。归肝，胃经；功效清热、解毒、凉血、利咽，主治温毒发斑、高热头痛、大头瘟疫、舌绛紫暗、烂喉丹痧、丹毒、痄腮、喉痹、疮肿、痈肿，水痘，麻疹，肝炎，流行性感冒，流脑，乙脑，肺炎，神昏吐衄，咽肿，火眼，疮疹；可防治流行性乙型脑炎、急慢性肝炎、流行性腮腺炎、骨髓炎。现代药理学证明，板蓝根对多种病毒与病菌有明显的抑制作用。
垂柳枝：味苦，寒，无毒；入足阳明、厥阴经；功用祛风，利尿，止痛，消肿；主治风湿痹痛，淋病，白浊，小便不通，传染性肝炎，风肿，疔疮，丹毒，齿龋，龈肿。现代药理学证明，垂柳枝用于急性黄疸型肝炎，主要作用是退黄疸、改善中毒症状；用于急性传染性肝炎，主要作用是降酶、降絮；对传染性肝炎亦有预防作用。
莱菔子：味辛、甘，性平，归脾、胃、肺经。功能消食除胀，降气化痰。主治食积停滞，脘腹胀痛，嗳气打嗝，大便秘结，泻痢后重，痰壅喘咳等。
半夏：气微，味微涩；功能燥湿化痰，降逆止呕，消痞散结。用于痰多咳喘，痰饮眩悸，风痰眩晕，痰厥头痛，呕吐反胃，胸脘痞闷，梅核气；生用外治痈肿痰核。
凤尾草：性凉，味微苦，归肝、肾、大肠经，具有清热利湿、凉血止血、消肿解毒等功效，用于治疗痢疾、肠炎、黄疸型肝炎、吐血、便血、尿血等病症。
徐长卿：辛，温；归肝、胃经；主蛊毒，疫疾，邪恶气，温疟，主注易亡走，啼哭，悲伤，恍惚。现代药理学证明，徐长卿具有镇痛、镇静和抗菌作用。
车前子：性味甘寒，入肾、膀胱、肝、肺经，功能利水通淋、渗湿止泻、清肝明目、清热化痰；治小便不通，淋浊，带下，尿血，暑湿泻痢，咳嗽多痰，湿痹，目赤障翳。
郁金：味辛、苦，性寒。归肝、心、肺经，具有行气化瘀、清心解郁、利胆退黄、活血止痛、行气解郁、清心凉血之用。
茯苓：味甘、淡，性平，入心、脾、肺、肾经。功能利水渗湿，健脾补中，宁心安神。主治食少脘痞，呕吐泄泻，心悸不安，失眠健忘，水肿胀满，小便不利，遗精尿浊等。现代药理研究报道，茯苓有免疫增强、抗肿瘤、利尿、镇静、提升白细胞、强心、抗衰老、保护胃肠、保肝和抗病原微生物等作用。
龙胆草：性味苦，涩，大寒，无毒。功能清热燥湿，泻肝定惊；主治骨间寒热、惊病邪气，继绝伤，定五脏，杀虫毒；湿热黄疸，小便淋痛，阴肿阴痒，湿热带下；肝胆实火之头胀头痛，目赤肿痛，耳聋耳肿，胁痛口苦，热病惊风抽搐。
白花蛇舌草：味苦、淡，性寒；主要功效是清热解毒、消痛散结、利尿除湿；主治肺热喘咳，咽喉肿痛，肠痈，疖肿疮疡，毒蛇咬伤，热淋涩痛，水肿，痢疾，肠炎，湿热黄疸，擅长治疗多种癌肿。现代药理学证明，白花蛇舌草治疗急性黄疸型肝炎疗效显著。
虎杖：微苦，微寒；归肝、胆、肺经；功能祛风，利湿，破瘀，通经；主治风湿筋骨疼痛，湿热黄疸，淋浊带下，妇女经闭，产后恶露不下，症瘕积聚，痔漏下血；跌扑损伤，烫伤，恶疮癣疾。抗心律失常和抗心肌失血；活血化瘀。
赤芍：苦，微寒；归肝经；功能清热凉血，活血祛瘀。主治温毒发斑，吐血衄血，肠风下血，目赤肿痛，痈肿疮疡，闭经，痛经，崩带淋浊，瘀滞胁痛，疝瘕积聚，跌扑损伤。用于温毒发斑，吐血衄血，目赤肿痛，肝郁胁痛，经闭痛经，症瘕腹痛，跌扑损伤，痈肿疮疡。现代药理学研究证明，赤芍有解热、抗菌、解痉、镇痛作用，并能抑制体液和细胞免疫反应，临床验证表明，赤芍治疗急性胆汁淤积型肝炎、慢活型重度黄疸肝炎有明显的顿挫黄疸和利胆作用。
升麻：入肺、脾、胃、大肠经。升阳，发表，透疹，解毒。治时气疫疠，头痛寒热，痱子热痒，喉痛，突发肿毒，胃热牙痛，口舌疮，斑疹不透；中气下陷，久泻久痢，脱肛，妇女崩、带，子宫下坠；痈肿疮毒。
茵陈：苦、辛，微寒。归脾、胃、肝、胆经。清热利湿；退黄。主治黄疸、小便不利、湿疮瘙痒、传染性黄疸型肝炎等。药理学研究有利胆,保护肝功能,解热，抗炎,降血脂，降压,扩冠等作用。
翠云草：甘、淡，凉。功能清热利湿，止血，止咳。用于急性黄疸型传染性肝炎，胆囊炎，肠炎，痢疾，肾炎水肿，泌尿系感染，风湿关节痛，肺结核咯血；外用治疖肿，烧烫伤，外伤出血，跌打损伤。
炙甘草：用蜜烘制的甘草，具有抗炎及抗变态反应作用，可调节机体免疫功能，抗肿瘤和止痛作用，主要功效是和中缓急，润肺，解毒，调和诸药。
本发明通过中药的调理，清热解毒、行气解郁、败瘟退黄，快速控制甲肝病情，抗病毒杀菌消炎，同时利肝胆，具有一定的预防作用，对疫苗不适用的病人可服用此方，防止大规模传染。
疗效判断：
显效：临床症状(发热、食欲不振、恶心、频繁呕吐、极度乏力等)基本或大部分消失。
有效：临床症状明显好转。
无效：诸症无改善。
治疗结果：168名使用本发明药物预防甲型肝炎者，无一例感染；治疗268名甲肝患者，10天为一个疗程，食用2个疗程本发明的中药后，显效255例，占95.1％，有效9例，占3.4％，无效4例，占1.5％。
附几例病例作进一步说明：
病例1：蒋某某，男，27岁，因疲乏，食欲减退，低烧入院检查，显示肝肿大，肝功能异常等，确诊为甲型肝炎，另其家属服用本发明药物1个疗程预防，无感染；病人服用本发明药物2个疗程后好转，3个疗程后痊愈。
病例2：周某某,女，10岁，无诱因出现发热，体温波动于37.5～38.5℃，同时出现全身乏力，夜间盗汗明显。于一周前前出现恶心、呕吐(胃内容物)，腹部不适，全腹隐痛，尿黄，呈浓茶色，伴有皮肤瘙痒，无陶土样便，经检查诊断为急性甲型肝炎，服用本发明药物2个疗程后好转，3个疗程后痊愈。
具体实施方式
实施例1：
本发明提供一种防治甲型肝炎的中药配方，由以下重量份数的原料配制而成：板蓝根15份、垂柳枝6份、莱菔子4份、半夏3份、凤尾草5份、徐长卿4份、车前子3份、郁金4份、茯苓5份、龙胆草6份、白花蛇舌草6份、虎杖7份、赤芍6份、升麻5份、茵陈8份、翠云草7份、炙甘草4份。
制备方法是按上述重量份称取中药原料，加入冷水，没过药材3cm，浸泡1个小时；然后进行煎煮，先用武火煮开，煮开后转为文火熬煮30min；煮好后，滤出药汁作为头煎；将药渣重复上述步骤煎煮，煮好后，将两次煎煮的药汁合并即可。
实施例2：
本发明提供一种防治甲型肝炎的中药配方，由以下重量份数的原料配制而成：板蓝根10份、垂柳枝10份、莱菔子3份、半夏5份、凤尾草3份、徐长卿5份、车前子3份、郁金5份、茯苓3份、龙胆草8份、白花蛇舌草3份、虎杖10份、赤芍3份、升麻8份、茵陈5份、翠云草10份、炙甘草3份。
制备方法是按上述重量份称取中药原料，加入冷水，没过药材5cm，浸泡1个小时；然后进行煎煮，先用武火煮开，煮开后转为文火熬煮20min；煮好后，滤出药汁作为头煎；将药渣重复上述步骤煎煮，煮好后，将两次煎煮的药汁合并即可。
实施例3：
本发明提供一种防治甲型肝炎的中药配方，由以下重量份数的原料配制而成：板蓝根20份、垂柳枝5份、莱菔子5份、半夏3份、凤尾草8份、徐长卿3份、车前子5份、郁金3份、茯苓8份、龙胆草3份、白花蛇舌草8份、虎杖5份、赤芍8份、升麻3份、茵陈10份、翠云草5份、炙甘草5份。
制备方法是按上述重量份称取中药原料，加入冷水，没过药材2cm，浸泡1个小时；然后进行煎煮，先用武火煮开，煮开后转为文火熬煮40min；煮好后，滤出药汁作为头煎；将药渣重复上述步骤煎煮，煮好后，将两次煎煮的药汁合并即可。
以上已将本发明做一详细说明，以上所述，仅为本发明之较佳实施例而已，当不能限定本发明实施范围，即凡依本申请范围所作均等变化与修饰，皆应仍属本发明涵盖范围内。
Claims (3)
1.一种防治甲型肝炎的中药配方，其特征在于由以下重量份数的原料配制而成：板蓝根10～20份、垂柳枝5～10份、莱菔子3～5份、半夏3～5份、凤尾草3～8份、徐长卿3～5份、车前子3～5份、郁金3～5份、茯苓3～8份、龙胆草3～8份、白花蛇舌草3～8份、虎杖5～10份、赤芍3～8份、升麻3～8份、茵陈5～10份、翠云草5～10份、炙甘草3～5份。
2.如权利要求1所述的防治甲型肝炎的中药配方，其特征在于由以下重量份数的原料配制而成：板蓝根15份、垂柳枝6份、莱菔子4份、半夏3份、凤尾草5份、徐长卿4份、车前子3份、郁金4份、茯苓5份、龙胆草6份、白花蛇舌草6份、虎杖7份、赤芍6份、升麻5份、茵陈8份、翠云草7份、炙甘草4份。
3.制备如权利要求1所述的防治甲型肝炎的中药配方的方法，其特征在于由以下步骤组成：按上述重量份称取中药原料，加入冷水，没过药材2～5cm，浸泡1个小时；然后进行煎煮，先用武火煮开，煮开后转为文火熬煮20～40min；煮好后，滤出药汁作为头煎；将药渣重复上述步骤煎煮，煮好后，将两次煎煮的药汁合并即可。
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