CN105724205A - Water planting method for plant - Google Patents
Water planting method for plant Download PDFInfo
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- CN105724205A CN105724205A CN201610079376.5A CN201610079376A CN105724205A CN 105724205 A CN105724205 A CN 105724205A CN 201610079376 A CN201610079376 A CN 201610079376A CN 105724205 A CN105724205 A CN 105724205A
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- Prior art keywords
- root
- planting
- plant
- planting stock
- water
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
Abstract
The invention provides a water planting method for a plant. The method comprises the following steps: 1, culturing a plant seed into a planting stock in a matrix; 2, cleaning the root of the planting stock; 3, conducting domestication treatment on the planting stock, so that the water root grows out of the planting stock; 4, cultivating the planting stock obtained after domestication treatment with a water planting nutrient solution, wherein domestication treatment means that the root of the planting stock obtained after domestication treatment is immersed in a chitin aqueous solution and cultured for 10-20 days. Compared with the prior art, the unique domestication treatment method is adopted, the water root suitable for water planting can be induced to grow out of the planting stock gradually, and therefore the planting stock can grow more healthily in the water planting nutrient solution subsequently; the water planting method is wide in application scope, and all types of plants can be subjected to water planting through the method.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of plant cultivation, in particular to the side of a kind of water culture
Method.
Background technology
Water planting is to use modern biotechnology, uses physics, chemistry, biological engineering hands
Common plant, flowers are tamed by section.Because carrying and look after convenience, price just
Preferably, totally, floral leaf healthy growth, fish fry can be reached enjoy together picture.So by most people
Liked.
At present water culture technique generally have that investment is big, benefit is low, technology require high, be difficult to push away
Wide problem.And the market of China allows people worry very much.Because there being the existence of false water culture technique,
Come from this test intended of the existence nursery from vegetable aquaculture flowers of this problem, domestication, field planting etc.
Aspect explores a kind of vegetable aquaculture flower culture pattern easier, practical, easy to spread.
Water culture technique comes from the western countries of some prosperities, there occurs when water culture technique introduces China
The change of internal.Some businessman of China is for interests, without domestication and biological work
Journey means, directly put in water cost-effective by cleaned plant, and such plant saw at that time
Getting up will not be dead, but the leaf of hydroponic plant starts gradually to turn yellow after a few days, finally results in water
Cultivate thing slowly to die.Not only the most not responsible to client, and to real water planting industry be
Pernicious.
For the generation of this phenomenon, now have studied a set of real operation side being suitable for hydroponic plant
Method.
Summary of the invention
The first object of the present invention is to provide a kind of water culture method, and described method uses
Unique acclimation means, by using the aqueous solution naturalized plant root system of chitin, make
The planting stock of plant progressively adapts to the environment of mill water culture nutrient solution, grows and has ventilative tissue
Water root, followed by the healthy growth using nutritional solution to carry out water planting, beneficially plant.
The second object of the present invention is the application providing described method in plant culture, institute
State and have wide range of applications, it is adaptable to various types of plant.
In order to realize the above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, spy by the following technical solutions:
One aspect of the present invention relates to a kind of water culture method, and described method includes following
Step:
1) plant seed is trained in substrate planting stock；
2) planting stock root is cleaned；
3) planting stock is carried out acclimation so that it is grow water root；
4) planting stock after using mill water culture nutrient solution to cultivate acclimation；
Wherein, described acclimation is that the root of the planting stock after acclimation is immersed in carapace
The aqueous solution of element is cultivated 10-20 days.
A kind of method that the invention provides water culture, compared with prior art, the present invention
Before using mill water culture nutrient solution to cultivate planting stock, first planting stock is carried out acclimation so that it is
Growing water root, water root has aerating tissue, and plant can be allowed to adapt to have nutritional solution
Aquatic environment.Therefore, acclimation beneficially planting stock growing up healthy and sound in subsequent step.
Additionally, the method for the present invention is relatively simple, good economy performance, it is easy to promote.
Preferably, described step 1) in substrate, cultivate seed, described substrate is nursery
Nutrition Soil, the porosity of described seedling nutritious soil is 50%-70%, pH=6-7.
Preferably, in described substrate, available phosphorus contents is more than 100mg/kg, and quick-acting potassium content is big
In 100mg/kg, available nitrogen content is more than 150mg/kg.
Preferably, described step 2) concrete operations be, by clear for being placed in of planting stock at all
In water, stand 7-8 days, jiggle and make substrate come off.
The cleaning of planting stock is carried out in being put in the container filling clear water, first stands 7--8 days
Left and right, after rock the soil natural making to stick on root system gently and come off and more whole plant is rushed
Wash clean, can't be with earth, and easy polluted water, second carries the germs of a disease first, holds
Easily cause rotten.
The different qualities of the plant cultivated in applying according to reality, it is sometimes desirable to planting stock
Prune for primary, after pruning, planting stock root is immersed in the methyl Tobe of 3%-5%
In Tianjin solution or carbendazim solution sterilize 20-40 minute, then put dry at cool place standby.
Preferably, described step 3) in the detailed process of acclimation be: by described step
Rapid 2) in, the planting stock of cleaned root is placed in clear water, adds carapace in described clear water
Element nutritional solution, cultivates described planting stock 10-20 days.
During domestication, root system requires to unfold, and preferably puts into the growth of induction pond, unconditional person
Also domestication basin or case can be made by oneself.
Preferably, the aqueous solution of the described chitin used in described acclimation is 5%
Aqueous solution after chitin solution dilution 300-500 times.
Chitin has following functions:
1) root system is promoted.Can promote advance germination of seeds, strongly hestening rooting, enhancing is planted
Thing inhales fertilizer, water suction, drought resisting, ability resistant to lodging, enhancing immunity, robust plant high yield.
2) activating rhizosphere.Chitin can fully activate crop rhizosphere state, and enzymolysis nutrient divides
Son, quickly forms the soil liquid, makes the nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium can obtain crop the most effective
Absorption.
3) casing coupling is sturdy.Chitin regulation development of plants, promote stem pole shorten, sturdy prosperous
Contain, beneficially nutrient supply；Chelating Trace Elements in Soil, is more easy to absorb into fruit, increases
Add protein, amino acid content, fundamentally improve fruit quality.
4) strong disinfecting.Pathogenic bacteria on soil, seed is had by chitin extremely strong kills work
With, and suppress such as the growth of the harmful fungoid mycelia such as downy mildew, cyst bacterium.
5) immunity is strengthened.Chitin is described as " plant vaccine ", can make the antibacterial disease-resistant of crop
Poison ability is obviously enhanced, and changes plant growing mechanism, strengthens systemic immunity, it is ensured that plant
Healthy growth.
6) improving quality, increases yield.Chitin can promote that crop yield improves, and improves
Crop quality so that it is recovering natural flavor, fruit maturation is full, storage tolerance, also subtracts simultaneously
Few persticide residue.
Therefore, present invention addition chitin during domestication can give full play to chitin
Various functions, plant grows water root and promotes that it grows in induction.After having tamed, in training
During educating, nutritional solution still keeps the content of chitin, and add other must component.
Preferably, described step 3) in, cultivate described planting stock 13-17 days.
Preferably, described step 3) in, during acclimation, it is described fixed to wipe out every day
Rotten planted seedlings, and rinse well.
Need during domestication to process, root for certain plants, in addition it is also necessary to prune or
Remove its primary formed in soil.
Preferably, described step 4) in, 1/2 to 3/4 submergence of the root system of described planting stock
In described mill water culture nutrient solution.
Preferably, described plant is herbaceous plant and xylophyta.
Preferably, described plant is Fructus Lycopersici esculenti, spring plumage or sago cycas.
Compared with prior art, the invention have the benefit that
(1) present invention use unique acclimation method, can lure into planting stock by
One-step growth goes out the water root of applicable water planting and promotes that it grows, and therefore, plant is at water subsequently
Growth that can be the most healthy in cultivation nutrient fluid；
(2) ciltivating process of the present invention is applied widely, and various plants all can pass through
The method of the present invention carries out water planting.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, embodiment of the present invention are described in detail, but this
Skilled person is it will be appreciated that the following example is merely to illustrate the present invention, and should not regard
For limiting the scope of the present invention.Unreceipted actual conditions person in embodiment, according to normal condition
Or the condition of manufacturer's suggestion is carried out.Agents useful for same or instrument unreceipted production firm person, all
For the conventional products that can be obtained by commercially available purchase.
Embodiment 1
The water planting of Fructus Lycopersici esculenti
The referred to as herbaceous plant Fructus Lycopersici esculenti of " tree ", the high about 2-2.5m of plant, every strain tree crown area
40-50 square metre.At present at China 1 strain Fructus Lycopersici esculenti tree annual bearing number up to 10000.People
Can't help admiration Fructus Lycopersici esculenti tree and unexpectedly have an energy for growth so, Fructus Lycopersici esculenti tree is cultivated the most quiet in recent years
So rise.Fructus Lycopersici esculenti tree cultivation is that facilities environment height is intelligent high-level with cultivation technique without soil
Implement a kind of integrated technology combined, be the concentration of China's economic strength and scientific and technological level
Embodying, so-called Fructus Lycopersici esculenti tree actually uses common tomato seeds to cultivate, through special training
It is trimmed to tree-like and gains the name.Due to Fructus Lycopersici esculenti tree under controllable environment can to greatest extent by kind
The genetic potential of eggplant is changed into the productivity, makees for seeking the common similar vegetable of excavation further
The productive potentialities of thing have certain theory and realistic meaning.Simultaneously because Fructus Lycopersici esculenti tree growth shape
The novelty of state, novelty, make the fabulous selection project of sightseeing and tour agriculture garden.
Choose Israel's R144 tomato seeds, sow in late July, be seeded in base
In matter Seedling dish.Its mesostroma is seedling nutritious soil, and porosity is 50%, pH=6, substrate soil
In, rapid available phosphorus, the available potassium of 100mg/kg and the 150mg/kg containing 100mg/kg
Available nitrogen.
Field planting is got final product when tomato seedling grows to 5-6 leaf.Substrate tomato seedling takes from substrate Seedling dish
Go out, place it in the container filling clear water so that it is transfixion, start light after 3 days
Lightly rock plant so that it is root ground movement, and naturally come off, continue to cultivate, and slowly
Slowly rocking, until earth comes off the most naturally, then it is clean that whole tomato plant rushes Xian, whole
Individual cleaning process is 6 days.
Tomato plant after cleaning is put in and fills 5% 400 times of diluents of chitin liquid
In clear water, root system requires to unfold so that it is growth about 10 days naturally, plant will be slowly
Adapt to aquatic growing environment, and grow the aerial root of part.
Preparation nutritional solution, the tomatidine after using culture fluid to cultivate domestication plants seedlings, planting stock
Root system 2/3 immerses in nutritional solution, stays a small amount of root system to become aerial root in atmosphere.By field planting
Seedling by with size be placed in the field planting basket of respective model fixing.
Embodiment 2
The water planting of spring plumage
Spring plumage splits happiness woods taro, Fructus seu radix camptothecae acuminatae (Fructus Camptothecae Acuminatae) any of several broadleaf plants, the climing green floss of spring plumage, for Rhizoma Arisaematis also known as spring taro, plumage
Section Philodendron perennial evergreen draft foliage plant.Spring rhaehis is orthostatic, in lignifying,
There is a lot of aerial root；Plant is tall and big, up to more than 1.5 meters.Leaf is a bunch raw type, raw
In stem end；Leaf is the most heart-shaped, full leaf pinniform drastic crack like palmation, up to 60 centimetres,
Wide 40 centimetres, keratin, strong green is glossy；Petiole is strong and elongated, up to 80-100
Centimetre.
Spring plumage originates in the Tropical rain forest of South America Brazil, grows nonparasitically upon another plant in woods on big tree, and it is brown
The aerial root of color from hang down in the air to ground or raw on trunk.Spring plumage happiness high temperature and humidity
Environment, resistance to the moon and be afraid of high light direct projection.Spring plumage growth thermophilic is 15-28 DEG C, and cold-hartliness is slightly strong,
Temperature of surviving the winter is about 2 DEG C.Light is required not tight, except the ring of atomic decreased light by spring plumage
Overseas, generally individually well-grown under other light, it is particularly suitable for indoor cultivation；But the summer
High light to be avoided direct projection in autumn, in order to avoid blade of burning.
Sowing spring plumage seed in substrate Seedling dish, wherein, substrate is seedling nutritious soil, hole
Degree is 60%, pH=6.5, in substrate soil, and the rapid available phosphorus containing 120mg/kg, 120mg/kg
Available potassium and the available nitrogen of 160mg/kg.
After being trained spring plumage planting stock, choose well-grown, fixed without the healthy spring plumage of pest and disease damage
Plant seedlings female parent material.After spring plumage female parent is chosen, first clap pine basin soil, take out spring plumage Seedling, by it
It is placed in the container filling clear water so that it is transfixion, starts to shake lightly after 7 days later
Dynamic plant so that it is root ground movement, and naturally come off, continue to cultivate, and slowly rock,
Until earth comes off the most naturally, then it is clean that whole spring plumage plant rushes Xian, whole cleaned
Journey lasts 8 days.
The spring old root of plumage plant rinsed well is cut short 2/3-3/4, withered, weak, old root
Wipe out from base portion without exception；After pruning, thiophanate methyl spring pen feather portion being immersed 3%-5% is molten
Liquid or carbendazim solution are sterilized 10 minutes.
Spring plumage plant after sterilization is put in and fills 5 percent chitin liquid 500 times dilution
In the clear water of liquid, root system requires to unfold case.Making it naturally grow 15 days, plant will be slow
The aquatic growing environment of slow adaptation, and grow the aerial root of part.
Select suitable field planting basket according to the size of plant root, complete for its root is put in
In field planting basket, it is desirable to root system is unfolded, completely.Then with plastics sizable with field planting basket
Domestication basin made by bucket, and field planting basket is put on Plastic Drum, replaces clear water to leaching with nutritional solution in bucket
To bottom field planting basket, now the 1/2 of the root system of spring plumage planting stock is immersed in described nutrition
In liquid.Being put in by spring plumage Seedling in cloudy canopy, period often sprays water to blade and checks inner bucket water position,
Water level can not be too low too high, loses the growing environment fully adapting to nutritional solution.
Embodiment 3
Cycadaceae Cycas evergreen needle-leaved tree.Latin name C.revolute, original producton location south China,
Indonesia, the Southern Asia such as India area, call Cycas revoluta, cycad, inflammable any of several broadleaf plants.
Like sunlight warm, moistening and sufficient, but the most resistance to the most shady, avoid burning sun in summer and tan by the sun, drought-enduring,
Planting environment needs well-ventilated.Growth thermophilic is 24-27 DEG C, and temperature is easy by freeze injury less than 0 DEG C.
Sago cycas poor growth, just grows 1-2 wheel in the annual spring and summer of plant of the average 3 years age of trees or autumn
Young leaves.Sago cycas is bloomed difficulty, and 20 years above plant of life just can bloom as long as maintenance is proper；?
Original producton location, the plant that life in 10 years is above, almost can blossom and have seeds.Restrict its master bloomed
Want factor: one is accumulated temperature, the accumulated temperature that general sago cycas is bloomed at least want 3000 to 4000 DEG C with
On.Two is light application time, and sago cycas is short-day plant, undoubtedly can shadow under long-day conditions
Ring pregnant flower bud to bloom.Ambient temperature is had higher requirements by the aquatic induction of sago cycas, and temperature is less than
Its rooting rate is just had influence on when 15 DEG C.Under natural conditions, select to carry out in spring Mo to early autumn
The aquatic induction of sago cycas.
Sowing Cycas seed in substrate Seedling dish, wherein, substrate is seedling nutritious soil, hole
Degree is 70%, pH=7, in substrate soil, and the rapid available phosphorus containing 100mg/kg, 100mg/kg
Available potassium and the available nitrogen of 150mg/kg.Cultivate Cycas seed and become planting stock.
Choose well-grown, without the healthy planting stock of pest and disease damage as the maternal material of water planting
Material.After female parent is chosen, first wipe out the blade that shape is poor, then clap pine basin soil, take out field planting
Seedling, places it in the container filling clear water so that it is transfixion, starts light after 5-6 days
Lightly rock plant so that it is root ground movement, and naturally come off, continue to cultivate, and slowly
Slowly rocking, until earth comes off the most naturally, then it is clean that whole plant is rushed Xian.Whole clearly
Washed journey lasts 7 days.
The original soil of the Cycas revoluta rinsed well is taken root and wipes out without exception, only retain part root base；
After pruning, root is immersed in the thiophanate methyl solution of 3%-5% or carbendazim solution and sterilizes
30 minutes, then put dry at cool place standby.
Sago cycas plant after sterilization is put in and fills 5 percent chitin liquid 300 times dilution
In the clear water of liquid so that it is growth about 30 days naturally, plant will slowly adapt to aquatic life
Long environment, and grow the water root of 2-3 centimetre.
Select suitable field planting basket according to the size of plant root, complete for its root is put in
In field planting basket, it is desirable to root system is unfolded, completely.Then with plastics sizable with field planting basket
Domestication basin made by bucket, and field planting basket is put on Plastic Drum, replaces clear water to leaching with nutritional solution in bucket
To bottom field planting basket, now the 3/4 of the root system of sago cycas planting stock is immersed in described nutrition
In liquid.Being put in by sago cycas Seedling in cloudy canopy, period often sprays water to blade and checks inner bucket water position,
Water level can not be too low too high, loses the growing environment fully adapting to nutritional solution.
Embodiment 4
Acclimation method controlled trial
1 material and method
1.1 material
The white palm and TAIYANGSHEN is had for examination flowers
1.2 method
1.2.1 domestication aqueous solution not is configured
Two kinds of nutritional solutions are configured on the basis of garden examination standard recipe
Domestication nutritional solution A: clear water
Aqueous solution after the chitin solution dilution 400 times of domestication nutritional solution B:5%
Mill water culture nutrient solution: the aqueous solution after the chitin solution dilution 400 times of 5%, di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate
Hydrogen potassium 0.44 grams per liter；Potassium sulfate 0.14 grams per liter；Calcium nitrate 0.59 grams per liter；Ammonium nitrate 0.19
Grams per liter；Magnesium sulfate 0.53 grams per liter；Trace element 2 milliliters；Fe-EDTA2 milliliter.
1.2.2 for the process of examination flowers
Choose well-grown, without the healthy plant of pest and disease damage as the female parent material of water planting.Female
Originally, after choosing, first clap pine basin soil, take out flower seedling, place it in the container filling clear water,
Start to rock lightly plant after making its transfixion, about one week so that it is root earth pine
Dynamic, and naturally come off, continue to cultivate, and slowly rock, until earth comes off the most naturally,
Whole plant is rushed Xian again clean, can't be with earth, easy polluted water first, two
Then carry the germs of a disease, easily cause rotten.
One, old for the plant rinsed well root is cut short 2/3 3/4, withered, weak, old
Root is wiped out from base portion without exception；After pruning, root is immersed the thiophanate methyl solution of 3%-5%
Or carbendazim solution is sterilized 10 minutes.
Planting stock for examination flowers is placed on different domestication nutritional solutions after root has cleaned
In raise and train 15 days, wipe out rotten every day period and clean up, during domestication root system want
Ask and unfold.Add after having tamed nutritional solution charge weight is submerged plant root 2/3 or
Being to be as the criterion at 1/2, remaining exposes in atmosphere, and is fitting according to the habit of plant
Carry out cultivating about 60 days under suitable temperature, humidity, and illumination condition, the most often
Changed one time of nutrition liquid every 15 days, two kinds of nutritional solutions synchronize to carry out,
2 results and analysis
The impact on flowers root of the 2.1 Different Nutrition liquid
Different Nutrition liquid is on the impact of root after Flower Plants in Hydroponic Culture
3 conclusions
By observing the cultivation results analysis to two kinds of plants of the Different Nutrition liquid, it is seen that use first
Shell element aqueous solution as domestication nutritional solution plant tamed the growth to root system of plant and
The effect preventing rotten has the biggest facilitation effect.
Although illustrate and describing the present invention with specific embodiment, but it will be appreciated that
May be made that other changes many without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention
And amendment.It is, therefore, intended that include in the following claims belonging in the scope of the invention
All such changes and modifications.
Claims (10)
1. the method for a water culture, it is characterised in that described method includes following step
Rapid:
1) plant seed is trained in substrate planting stock；
2) planting stock root is cleaned；
3) planting stock is carried out acclimation so that it is grow water root；
4) planting stock after using mill water culture nutrient solution to cultivate acclimation；
Wherein, described acclimation is that the root of the planting stock after acclimation is immersed in carapace
The aqueous solution of element is cultivated 10-20 days.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described step 1) in
Described substrate be seedling nutritious soil, the porosity of described seedling nutritious soil is 50%-70%,
PH=6-7.
Method the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described substrate middling speed
Effect phosphorus content is more than 100mg/kg, available nitrogen content more than 100mg/kg, quick-acting potassium content
More than 150mg/kg.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described step 2)
Concrete operations are, are placed in clear water by the root carrying substrates of planting stock, stand 7-8 days, gently
Jog shakes and makes substrate come off.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described acclimation
The aqueous solution of the described chitin of middle use is chitin solution dilution 300-500 times of 5%
After aqueous solution.
Method the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that described step 3) in,
Cultivate described planting stock 13-17 days.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described step 3) in,
During acclimation, wipe out described planting stock every day rotten, and rinse well.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described step 4) in,
The 1/2 to 3/4 of the root system of described planting stock is immersed in described mill water culture nutrient solution.
9. according to the method described in any one of claim 1-8, it is characterised in that described in plant
Thing is herbaceous plant or xylophyta.
Method the most according to claim 9, it is characterised in that described plant is kind
Eggplant, spring plumage or sago cycas.
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| CN106538112A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2017-03-29 | 杭州职业技术学院 | A kind of seed water planting of coffee wood and maintenance process |
| CN110122303A (en) * | 2019-06-13 | 2019-08-16 | 江苏花名堂农业科技发展有限公司 | The ciltivating process of penjing plant |
| CN112824354A (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2021-05-21 | 东莞市祥青智能绿化工程有限公司 | Nutrient solution for soilless culture of small golden diamond apples and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN114931089A (en) * | 2022-06-28 | 2022-08-23 | 广西亚热带园林植物研究中心有限责任公司 | Hydroponic planting method for cycas debaoensis seedlings |
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| CN114931089A (en) * | 2022-06-28 | 2022-08-23 | 广西亚热带园林植物研究中心有限责任公司 | Hydroponic planting method for cycas debaoensis seedlings |
| CN114931089B (en) * | 2022-06-28 | 2023-12-01 | 广西亚热带园林植物研究中心有限责任公司 | Hydroponic planting method for Debao threo seedlings |
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