CN105713505A - 一种消音防火外墙板 - Google Patents

一种消音防火外墙板 Download PDF

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CN105713505A
CN105713505A CN201610188135.4A CN201610188135A CN105713505A CN 105713505 A CN105713505 A CN 105713505A CN 201610188135 A CN201610188135 A CN 201610188135A CN 105713505 A CN105713505 A CN 105713505A
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parts
noise reduction
vacuum
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fireprotection layer
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王德全
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Anhui Dequan New Building Materials Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种消音防火外墙板，包括由内至外依次设置的基层、消音防火层、导流板层、耐磨层和装饰涂层；消音防火层的制备方法如下：将六氯环三磷腈升温，保温，冷却至室温，洗涤得到聚二氯磷腈；将聚二氯磷腈加入四氢呋喃中，再滴加对苯二酚，接着回流加热，然后蒸馏，洗涤，真空干燥得到物料a；将物料a和聚己二酸丁二醇酯二醇混合均匀后，再加入1,6-六亚甲基二异氰酸酯，充入干燥氮气进行保护，升温，保温，降温得到物料b；向物料b中加入一缩二乙二醇、季戊四醇、月桂酸铋、发泡剂、发泡助剂、膨润土、坡缕石、膨胀珍珠岩、玻璃纤维、黄麻纤维、氢氧化镁、防老剂和丙酮混合均匀，涂覆在基层表面，然后升温，保温得到消音防火层。

Description

一种消音防火外墙板
技术领域
本发明涉及墙板技术领域，尤其涉及一种消音防火外墙板。
背景技术
产业革命以来，各种机械设备的创造和使用，给人类带来了繁荣和进步，但同时也产生了越来越多而且越来越强的噪声。噪声不但会对听力造成损伤，还能诱发多种致癌致命的疾病，也对人们的生活工作有所干扰。为了降低噪声对人体的伤害，往往采用在建筑外壁上增设外墙板，减弱室内噪音，但外墙板的防火性能差，无法保证人身和财产安全。
发明内容
基于背景技术存在的技术问题，本发明提出了一种消音防火外墙板，防火耐高温性能优异，消音、耐水性能优秀，硬度高，耐压缩性能好。
本发明提出的一种消音防火外墙板，包括由内至外依次设置的基层、消音防火层、导流板层、耐磨层和装饰涂层；
其中消音防火层的制备方法如下：
S1、将六氯环三磷腈真空升温，真空保温，真空冷却至室温，洗涤得到聚二氯磷腈；将聚二氯磷腈加入四氢呋喃中，再滴加对苯二酚，充入干燥氮气进行气体置换，接着回流加热，然后蒸馏，洗涤，真空干燥得到物料a；
S2、将物料a和聚己二酸丁二醇酯二醇混合均匀后，再加入1,6-六亚甲基二异氰酸酯，充入干燥氮气进行保护，升温，保温，降温得到物料b；
S3、向物料b中加入一缩二乙二醇、季戊四醇、月桂酸铋、发泡剂、发泡助剂、膨润土、坡缕石、膨胀珍珠岩、玻璃纤维、黄麻纤维、氢氧化镁、防老剂和丙酮混合均匀，涂覆在基层表面，然后升温，保温得到消音防火层。
优选地，消音防火层的制备方法如下：
S1、按重量份将21～24份六氯环三磷腈真空升温，真空保温，真空冷却至室温，洗涤得到聚二氯磷腈；将聚二氯磷腈加入四氢呋喃中，再滴加22～25份对苯二酚，充入干燥氮气进行气体置换，接着回流加热，然后蒸馏，洗涤，真空干燥得到物料a；
S2、将物料a和15～18份聚己二酸丁二醇酯二醇混合均匀后，再加入59～62份1,6-六亚甲基二异氰酸酯，充入干燥氮气进行保护，升温，保温，降温得到物料b；
S3、向物料b中加入22～25份一缩二乙二醇、0.8～1.2份季戊四醇、1.2～1.5份月桂酸铋、20～30份发泡剂、5～10份发泡助剂、5～8份膨润土、13～16份坡缕石、17～20份膨胀珍珠岩、4～8份玻璃纤维、12～15份黄麻纤维、17～20份氢氧化镁、2～3份防老剂和丙酮混合均匀，涂覆在基层表面，然后升温，保温得到消音防火层。
四氢呋喃和丙酮在制备过程中起到溶剂的作用，不参与反应，无需限定用量。
优选地，消音防火层的制备方法如下：
S1、按重量份将21～24份六氯环三磷腈真空升温至240～260℃，真空保温35～45h，真空冷却至室温，洗涤得到聚二氯磷腈；将聚二氯磷腈加入四氢呋喃中，再滴加22～25份对苯二酚，充入干燥氮气进行气体置换，接着回流加热49～52h，然后蒸馏，洗涤，真空干燥得到物料a；
S2、将物料a和15～18份聚己二酸丁二醇酯二醇混合均匀后，再加入59～62份1,6-六亚甲基二异氰酸酯，充入干燥氮气进行保护，升温至108～112℃，保温150～180min，降温至32～35℃得到物料b；
S3、向物料b中加入22～25份一缩二乙二醇、0.8～1.2份季戊四醇、1.2～1.5份月桂酸铋、20～30份发泡剂、5～10份发泡助剂、5～8份膨润土、13～16份坡缕石、17～20份膨胀珍珠岩、4～8份玻璃纤维、12～15份黄麻纤维、17～20份氢氧化镁、2～3份防老剂和丙酮混合均匀，涂覆在基层表面，然后升温至125～135℃，保温125～140min得到消音防火层。
优选地，发泡剂按重量份包括：正辛烷15～20份，碳酸氢钠6～9份，发泡剂H7～10份，偶氮二甲酸二异丙酯4～7份。
优选地，发泡助剂按重量份包括：硬脂酸铝3～6份，氧化锌1～2份，尿素3～4份，聚硅氧烷表面活性剂2～5份。
优选地，膨润土、坡缕石、膨胀珍珠岩、玻璃纤维、黄麻纤维的重量比为6～7：14～15：18～19：5～6：13～14。
优选地，六氯环三磷腈和对苯二酚的重量比为22～23：23～24。
本发明将六氯环三磷腈进行加热以产生开环、聚合反应，再通过滴加对苯二酚，使对苯二酚取代聚二氯磷腈上的氯原子形成含苯环和氮磷长链的二元醇；本发明再采用物料a和聚己二酸丁二醇酯二醇混合后提供羟基，与1,6-六亚甲基二异氰酸酯反应生成聚氨酯预聚体，从而在聚氨酯主链结构上加入苯环，同时引入氮磷长侧链，提高了消音防火层的亲油性，使本发明消音防火层发泡过程中亲油基向外对空气排布，亲水基向内排布，从而使得接触角增大，水难以在消音防火层表面铺展润湿，同时引入苯环使刚性结构增多，改善由于氮磷长侧链的引入而导致消音防火层变软、附着力变差的缺点，从而使消音防火层的耐水、耐热和耐压缩性能得到进一步增强，而且氮磷长侧链的引入，使本发明在燃烧过程中，由于C-C键的键能大于C-P的键能要大，受热能力差的含磷化合物率先分解出磷酸以及多种有机膦酸起到覆盖作用，还引起多羟基聚合物脱水形成隔热、隔氧的残炭层，阻止热量向内部传递，而氮元素在燃烧过程中也会分解放出N2等不燃气体，在消音防火层表面形成阻燃气膜，从而进一步提高本发明的阻燃性能，同时不燃气体的释放又促进隔热、隔氧的残炭层形成蜂窝状，有利于阻止热量向内部传递，进一步提高消音防火层的耐热阻燃性能；而一缩二乙二醇、季戊四醇、物料a和聚己二酸丁二醇酯二醇中还含有大量未参与反应的羟基，这部分羟基彼此形成大量的氢键，进一步增加了交联强度，进一步提高了消音防火层的硬度和耐水性。
本发明采用正辛烷、碳酸氢钠、发泡剂H、偶氮二甲酸二异丙酯配合作为发泡剂，使化学发泡剂和物理发泡剂配合，使本发明消音防火层发泡孔充足均匀细腻，分布合理，而硬脂酸铝、氧化锌、尿素和聚硅氧烷表面活性剂作为发泡助剂，一方面使发泡过程发泡剂发气量充足，发泡稳定，另一方面活化发泡剂，降低发泡温度；发泡剂所产生的发泡孔与膨润土、坡缕石、膨胀珍珠岩相互配合，大大降低消音防火层的导热系数和密度，提高了本发明隔热和隔音性能；而玻璃纤维、黄麻纤维与上述原料配合，使发泡聚氨酯韧性优异，耐压缩能力优秀，同时能制约发泡剂过度发泡，促进发泡孔孔径均匀一致；而在高温下氢氧化镁分解生成氧化镁和水，氧化镁附着在保温防火层表面，与残炭层配合，可抑制可燃性气体产生，进一步隔绝氧气，阻止热量向内部传递，而生成的水减少烟雾产生，降低燃烧热量，氢氧化镁与聚氨酯结构中的氮磷环形结构配合进一步提高本发明防火耐高温性能。
具体实施方式
下面，通过具体实施例对本发明的技术方案进行详细说明。
实施例1
本发明提出的一种消音防火外墙板，包括由内至外依次设置的基层、消音防火层、导流板层、耐磨层和装饰涂层；
其中消音防火层的制备方法如下：
S1、按重量份将21份六氯环三磷腈真空升温至260℃，真空保温35h，真空冷却至室温，洗涤得到聚二氯磷腈；将聚二氯磷腈加入四氢呋喃中，再滴加25份对苯二酚，充入干燥氮气进行气体置换，接着回流加热49h，然后蒸馏，洗涤，真空干燥得到物料a；
S2、将物料a和18份聚己二酸丁二醇酯二醇混合均匀后，再加入59份1,6-六亚甲基二异氰酸酯，充入干燥氮气进行保护，升温至112℃，保温150min，降温至35℃得到物料b；
S3、向物料b中加入22份一缩二乙二醇、1.2份季戊四醇、1.2份月桂酸铋、30份发泡剂、5份发泡助剂、8份膨润土、13份坡缕石、20份膨胀珍珠岩、4份玻璃纤维、15份黄麻纤维、17份氢氧化镁、3份防老剂和丙酮混合均匀，涂覆在基层表面，然后升温至125℃，保温140min得到消音防火层。
发泡剂按重量份包括：正辛烷15份，碳酸氢钠9份，发泡剂H7份，偶氮二甲酸二异丙酯7份。
发泡助剂按重量份包括：硬脂酸铝3份，氧化锌2份，尿素3份，聚硅氧烷表面活性剂5份。
实施例2
本发明提出的一种消音防火外墙板，包括由内至外依次设置的基层、消音防火层、导流板层、耐磨层和装饰涂层；
其中消音防火层的制备方法如下：
S1、按重量份将24份六氯环三磷腈真空升温至240℃，真空保温45h，真空冷却至室温，洗涤得到聚二氯磷腈；将聚二氯磷腈加入四氢呋喃中，再滴加22份对苯二酚，充入干燥氮气进行气体置换，接着回流加热52h，然后蒸馏，洗涤，真空干燥得到物料a；
S2、将物料a和15～18份聚己二酸丁二醇酯二醇混合均匀后，再加入59份1,6-六亚甲基二异氰酸酯，充入干燥氮气进行保护，升温至112℃，保温150min，降温至35℃得到物料b；
S3、向物料b中加入22份一缩二乙二醇、1.2份季戊四醇、1.2份月桂酸铋、30份发泡剂、5份发泡助剂、8份膨润土、13份坡缕石、20份膨胀珍珠岩、4份玻璃纤维、15份黄麻纤维、17份氢氧化镁3份防老剂和丙酮混合均匀，涂覆在基层表面，然后升温至125℃，保温140min得到消音防火层。
发泡剂按重量份包括：正辛烷15份，碳酸氢钠9份，发泡剂H7份，偶氮二甲酸二异丙酯7份。
发泡助剂按重量份包括：硬脂酸铝3份，氧化锌2份，尿素3份，聚硅氧烷表面活性剂5份。
实施例3
本发明提出的一种消音防火外墙板，包括由内至外依次设置的基层、消音防火层、导流板层、耐磨层和装饰涂层；
其中消音防火层的制备方法如下：
S1、按重量份将22份六氯环三磷腈真空升温至255℃，真空保温38h，真空冷却至室温，洗涤得到聚二氯磷腈；将聚二氯磷腈加入四氢呋喃中，再滴加24份对苯二酚，充入干燥氮气进行气体置换，接着回流加热50h，然后蒸馏，洗涤，真空干燥得到物料a；
S2、将物料a和17份聚己二酸丁二醇酯二醇混合均匀后，再加入60份1,6-六亚甲基二异氰酸酯，充入干燥氮气进行保护，升温至110℃，保温160min，降温至34℃得到物料b；
S3、向物料b中加入23份一缩二乙二醇、1.1份季戊四醇、1.3份月桂酸铋、28份发泡剂、6份发泡助剂、7份膨润土、14份坡缕石、19份膨胀珍珠岩、5份玻璃纤维、14份黄麻纤维、18份氢氧化镁、2.8份防老剂和丙酮混合均匀，涂覆在基层表面，然后升温至128℃，保温135min得到消音防火层。
发泡剂按重量份包括：正辛烷16份，碳酸氢钠8份，发泡剂H8份，偶氮二甲酸二异丙酯6份。
发泡助剂按重量份包括：硬脂酸铝4份，氧化锌1.8份，尿素3.3份，聚硅氧烷表面活性剂4份。
实施例4
本发明提出的一种消音防火外墙板，包括由内至外依次设置的基层、消音防火层、导流板层、耐磨层和装饰涂层；
其中消音防火层的制备方法如下：
S1、按重量份将23份六氯环三磷腈真空升温至245℃，真空保温42h，真空冷却至室温，洗涤得到聚二氯磷腈；将聚二氯磷腈加入四氢呋喃中，再滴加23份对苯二酚，充入干燥氮气进行气体置换，接着回流加热51h，然后蒸馏，洗涤，真空干燥得到物料a；
S2、将物料a和16份聚己二酸丁二醇酯二醇混合均匀后，再加入61份1,6-六亚甲基二异氰酸酯，充入干燥氮气进行保护，升温至109℃，保温170min，降温至33℃得到物料b；
S3、向物料b中加入24份一缩二乙二醇、0.9份季戊四醇、1.4份月桂酸铋、22份发泡剂、8份发泡助剂、6份膨润土、15份坡缕石、18份膨胀珍珠岩、6份玻璃纤维、13份黄麻纤维、19份氢氧化镁、2.2份防老剂和丙酮混合均匀，涂覆在基层表面，然后升温至132℃，保温130min得到消音防火层。
发泡剂按重量份包括：正辛烷18份，碳酸氢钠7份，发泡剂H9份，偶氮二甲酸二异丙酯5份。
发泡助剂按重量份包括：硬脂酸铝5份，氧化锌1.5份，尿素3.7份，聚硅氧烷表面活性剂3份。
以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (7)

1.一种消音防火外墙板，其特征在于，包括由内至外依次设置的基层、消音防火层、导流板层、耐磨层和装饰涂层；
其中消音防火层的制备方法如下：
S1、将六氯环三磷腈真空升温，真空保温，真空冷却至室温，洗涤得到聚二氯磷腈；将聚二氯磷腈加入四氢呋喃中，再滴加对苯二酚，充入干燥氮气进行气体置换，接着回流加热，然后蒸馏，洗涤，真空干燥得到物料a；
S2、将物料a和聚己二酸丁二醇酯二醇混合均匀后，再加入1,6-六亚甲基二异氰酸酯，充入干燥氮气进行保护，升温，保温，降温得到物料b；
S3、向物料b中加入一缩二乙二醇、季戊四醇、月桂酸铋、发泡剂、发泡助剂、膨润土、坡缕石、膨胀珍珠岩、玻璃纤维、黄麻纤维、氢氧化镁、防老剂和丙酮混合均匀，涂覆在基层表面，然后升温，保温得到消音防火层。
2.根据权利要求1所述消音防火外墙板，其特征在于，消音防火层的制备方法如下：
S1、按重量份将21～24份六氯环三磷腈真空升温，真空保温，真空冷却至室温，洗涤得到聚二氯磷腈；将聚二氯磷腈加入四氢呋喃中，再滴加22～25份对苯二酚，充入干燥氮气进行气体置换，接着回流加热，然后蒸馏，洗涤，真空干燥得到物料a；
S2、将物料a和15～18份聚己二酸丁二醇酯二醇混合均匀后，再加入59～62份1,6-六亚甲基二异氰酸酯，充入干燥氮气进行保护，升温，保温，降温得到物料b；
S3、向物料b中加入22～25份一缩二乙二醇、0.8～1.2份季戊四醇、1.2～1.5份月桂酸铋、20～30份发泡剂、5～10份发泡助剂、5～8份膨润土、13～16份坡缕石、17～20份膨胀珍珠岩、4～8份玻璃纤维、12～15份黄麻纤维、17～20份氢氧化镁、2～3份防老剂和丙酮混合均匀，涂覆在基层表面，然后升温，保温得到消音防火层。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述消音防火外墙板，其特征在于，消音防火层的制备方法如下：
S1、按重量份将21～24份六氯环三磷腈真空升温至240～260℃，真空保温35～45h，真空冷却至室温，洗涤得到聚二氯磷腈；将聚二氯磷腈加入四氢呋喃中，再滴加22～25份对苯二酚，充入干燥氮气进行气体置换，接着回流加热49～52h，然后蒸馏，洗涤，真空干燥得到物料a；
S2、将物料a和15～18份聚己二酸丁二醇酯二醇混合均匀后，再加入59～62份1,6-六亚甲基二异氰酸酯，充入干燥氮气进行保护，升温至108～112℃，保温150～180min，降温至32～35℃得到物料b；
S3、向物料b中加入22～25份一缩二乙二醇、0.8～1.2份季戊四醇、1.2～1.5份月桂酸铋、20～30份发泡剂、5～10份发泡助剂、5～8份膨润土、13～16份坡缕石、17～20份膨胀珍珠岩、4～8份玻璃纤维、12～15份黄麻纤维、17～20份氢氧化镁、2～3份防老剂和丙酮混合均匀，涂覆在基层表面，然后升温至125～135℃，保温125～140min得到消音防火层。
4.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述消音防火外墙板，其特征在于，发泡剂按重量份包括：正辛烷15～20份，碳酸氢钠6～9份，发泡剂H7～10份，偶氮二甲酸二异丙酯4～7份。
5.根据权利要求1-4任一项所述消音防火外墙板，其特征在于，发泡助剂按重量份包括：硬脂酸铝3～6份，氧化锌1～2份，尿素3～4份，聚硅氧烷表面活性剂2～5份。
6.根据权利要求1-5任一项所述消音防火外墙板，其特征在于，膨润土、坡缕石、膨胀珍珠岩、玻璃纤维、黄麻纤维的重量比为6～7：14～15：18～19：5～6：13～14。
7.根据权利要求1-6任一项所述消音防火外墙板，其特征在于，六氯环三磷腈和对苯二酚的重量比为22～23：23～24。
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EP3428210A1 (de) * 2017-07-11 2019-01-16 Covestro Deutschland AG Flammgeschützte pur/pir - hartschaumstoffe
CN110832001A (zh) * 2017-07-11 2020-02-21 科思创德国股份有限公司 具有无卤素的阻燃剂的软质泡沫

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