CN105705213A - Method and device for separating hydrocarbons and contaminants with a surface treatment mechanism - Google Patents

Method and device for separating hydrocarbons and contaminants with a surface treatment mechanism Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105705213A
CN105705213A CN201480060334.6A CN201480060334A CN105705213A CN 105705213 A CN105705213 A CN 105705213A CN 201480060334 A CN201480060334 A CN 201480060334A CN 105705213 A CN105705213 A CN 105705213A
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China
Prior art keywords
controlled freeze
wall surface
distillation column
freeze region
solid
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Pending
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CN201480060334.6A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
J·A·瓦兰兹卡
R·K·史密斯
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ExxonMobil Upstream Research Co
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Exxon Production Research Co
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Publication of CN105705213A publication Critical patent/CN105705213A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
    • B01D3/008—Liquid distribution
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
    • B01D3/14—Fractional distillation or use of a fractionation or rectification column
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
    • B01D3/14—Fractional distillation or use of a fractionation or rectification column
    • B01D3/141—Fractional distillation or use of a fractionation or rectification column where at least one distillation column contains at least one dividing wall
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
    • B01D3/14—Fractional distillation or use of a fractionation or rectification column
    • B01D3/143—Fractional distillation or use of a fractionation or rectification column by two or more of a fractionation, separation or rectification step
    • B01D3/146—Multiple effect distillation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
    • B01D3/14—Fractional distillation or use of a fractionation or rectification column
    • B01D3/143—Fractional distillation or use of a fractionation or rectification column by two or more of a fractionation, separation or rectification step
    • B01D3/148—Fractional distillation or use of a fractionation or rectification column by two or more of a fractionation, separation or rectification step in combination with at least one evaporator
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
    • B01D3/14—Fractional distillation or use of a fractionation or rectification column
    • B01D3/16—Fractionating columns in which vapour bubbles through liquid
    • B01D3/22—Fractionating columns in which vapour bubbles through liquid with horizontal sieve plates or grids; Construction of sieve plates or grids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
    • B01D3/14—Fractional distillation or use of a fractionation or rectification column
    • B01D3/16—Fractionating columns in which vapour bubbles through liquid
    • B01D3/24—Fractionating columns in which vapour bubbles through liquid with sloping plates or elements mounted stepwise
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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    • B01D3/14—Fractional distillation or use of a fractionation or rectification column
    • B01D3/26—Fractionating columns in which vapour and liquid flow past each other, or in which the fluid is sprayed into the vapour, or in which a two-phase mixture is passed in one direction
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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    • B01D3/14—Fractional distillation or use of a fractionation or rectification column
    • B01D3/32—Other features of fractionating columns ; Constructional details of fractionating columns not provided for in groups B01D3/16 - B01D3/30
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B01D3/32—Other features of fractionating columns ; Constructional details of fractionating columns not provided for in groups B01D3/16 - B01D3/30
    • B01D3/324—Tray constructions
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    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C7/00—Purification; Separation; Use of additives
    • C07C7/04—Purification; Separation; Use of additives by distillation
    • C07C7/05—Purification; Separation; Use of additives by distillation with the aid of auxiliary compounds
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    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/0228—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream
    • F25J3/0233—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream separation of CnHm with 1 carbon atom or more
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    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/0228—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream
    • F25J3/0266—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream separation of carbon dioxide
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    • F25J3/063—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by partial condensation characterised by the separated product stream
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    • C10L2290/543—Distillation, fractionation or rectification for separating fractions, components or impurities during preparation or upgrading of a fuel
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    • F25J2280/40—Control of freezing of components
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
    • F25J2290/12—Particular process parameters like pressure, temperature, ratios
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
    • F25J2290/40—Vertical layout or arrangement of cold equipments within in the cold box, e.g. columns, condensers, heat exchangers etc.
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
    • F25J2290/44—Particular materials used, e.g. copper, steel or alloys thereof or surface treatments used, e.g. enhanced surface
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/0204—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the feed stream
    • F25J3/0209—Natural gas or substitute natural gas
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
    • Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
    • Y02C20/40—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of CO2

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  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
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Abstract

The disclosure includes a method for separating a feed stream in a distillation tower may comprise maintaining a controlled freeze zone section in the distillation tower that forms solids from a feed stream, wherein the controlled freeze zone section includes one or more internally disposed elements and a controlled freeze zone wall having an internal wall surface inside of the distillation tower, modifying at least one of the internally disposed elements, the internal wall surface, or both with a treatment mechanism that includes at least one of (a) removing portions of the internal wall surface and (b) applying a coating surface, introducing the feed stream into the controlled freeze zone section, forming the solids from the feed stream in the controlled freeze zone section, and at least one of preventing and destabilizing adhesion of the solids to the internal wall surface with the treatment mechanism.

Description

The method and apparatus adopting surface treatment means separating hydrocarbons and pollutant
Mutually quoting of related application
This application claims the U.S. Provisional Patent Application number that December in 2013 submits on the 6th be 61/912,987, name be called the benefit of priority adopting surface treatment means separating hydrocarbons with the method and apparatus of pollutant, it is generally introduced the application as reference。
The application is relevant to following U.S. Provisional Patent Application, but does not require priority: the application number 61/912,957 of December in 2013 submission on the 6th is called the method and apparatus adopting injection assembly separating hydrocarbons with pollutant；The application number 62/044,770 of JIUYUE in 2014 submission on the 2nd is called the method and apparatus adopting injection assembly separating hydrocarbons with pollutant；The application number of December in 2013 submission on the 6th is 61/912,959 and is called the method and system maintaining liquid material level in a distillation column；The application number of December in 2013 submission on the 6th is 61/912,964 and is called the method and apparatus using radiation detector separating feed logistics；The application number of December in 2013 submission on the 6th is 61/912,970 and is called the method and system of the feed stream dehydration processed in a distillation column；The application number of December in 2013 submission on the 6th is 61/912,975 and is called the method and system adopting feed stream distribution facilities separating feed logistics；The application number that December in 2013 is submitted on the 6th is 61/912,978 and is called and prevents the method and system of Solid build ups in distillation column；The application number of December in 2013 submission on the 6th is 61/912,983 and is called by improving the method that in distillation column, liquid material level removes solid；The application number of December in 2013 submission on the 6th is 61/912,984 and is called the method and system improving liquid material level during starting operation；The application number of December in 2013 submission on the 6th is 61/912,986 and is called the method and apparatus adopting heating facility separating hydrocarbons and pollutant to go to stablize and/or prevent solids adhering。
Background
Technical field
This specification relates generally to fluid separation field。More specifically, this description relates to the pollutant from hydrocarbon cryogenic separation such as sour gas etc。
Background technology
This section is intended that and introduces each side art technology relevant with this specification。This discussion aims to provide framework to promote to be best understood from the specific aspect of this specification。Therefore, it is understood that this part should be understood in this connection, nonessential as prior art introducing。
The non-hydrocarbon gases of accidentally generation is carried in production from the natural gas hydrocarbons product of the such as methane and ethane etc of reservoir often。Above-mentioned gas includes pollutant, such as carbon dioxide (" CO2"), hydrogen sulfide (" H2S "), carbonyl sulfide, Carbon bisulfide and various mercaptan at least one。When the feed stream produced by reservoir includes these pollutant being mixed with hydrocarbon, it is commonly referred to as " sour gas " during this logistics。
Many natural gas reservoirs have the hydrocarbon of relatively low percentage ratio and than the pollutant of higher percent。Pollutant can be worked as diluent and reduce the thermal content of hydrocarbon。Some pollutant, such as sulfur-containing compound, be poisonous and or even fatal。Additionally, in the presence of water, some pollutant can become to be corrosive very much。
Expect from comprising hydrocarbon material flow removing pollutant to produce the hydro carbons of desulfurization and concentration。The specification of pipeline quality natural gas generally requires the CO of the highest 2-4%2And 1/4 curry H2The H of the every 100scf of S (4ppmv) or 5mg/Nm32S。The specification of the chilling process of such as natural gas liquefaction plant or nitrogen rejection facility etc is it is generally required to lower than the CO of 50ppm2。
Pollutant and hydro carbons separate be difficulty and therefore extensive work have been put into exploitation hydro carbons/separated from contaminants method。These methods are substantially divided into three classes: by solvent absorption (physics, chemistry and mixing), by solid absorption and distillation。
Can be relatively simple by some mixture of separated and be thereby widely used for gas industry。But, natural gas hydro carbons, mainly methane and in natural gas the mixture distillation of the carbon dioxide of one of most of common contaminants there is extreme difficulties。What conventional distillation principle and the distillation equipment of routine relied on is that only steam and liquid phase exist everywhere at this distillation column。If needing to manage defeated quality or better quality hydrocarbon product, then by distilling methane and CO2Separating, involved temperature and pressure condition can cause CO2Solidification。Temperature required is chilling temperatures, is commonly referred to as cryogenic temperature。
Some low temperature distillation can overcome above-mentioned difficulties。These low temperature distillations provide suitable means, will control the generation of solid and are melting subsequently during hydro carbons and the separated from contaminants forming solid。The formation of the solid pollutant balanced with the vapour-liquid mixture of hydro carbons and pollutant occurs in the part of controlled freeze region。
Sometimes solid can adhere to the inside (such as controlled freeze region wall) of controlled freeze region part rather than fall to the bottom of controlled freeze region part。
This adhesion is harmful。If this adhesion is uncontrolled, then can hinder this controlled freeze region normal operating and hinder efficiently separating of methane and these pollutant。
Need the technology improved to prevent solid to any adhesion on surface in the part of controlled freeze region and/or making this adhesion unstable。
Summary of the invention
This specification provides equipment and method, and it is used for hydrocarbon and separated from contaminants and especially makes solid be not adhere to the surface in the part of controlled freeze region and/or make this adhesion unstable。
The method of separating feed logistics may be included in and maintains the controlled freeze region part being formed solid by feed stream in this distillation column in a distillation column, wherein this controlled freeze region part includes one or more build-in components and has the controlled freeze region wall of inner wall surface inside this distillation column, employing process means modifiy this build-in components at least one, this inner wall surface, or the two, these process means include (a) and remove at least one that this inner wall surface of part applies in coating surface with (b), this feed stream is introduced within this controlled freeze region part, this controlled freeze region part is formed solid by this feed stream, and prevent this solid to the adhesion of this inner wall surface and making at least one in this adhesion instability by these process means。
A kind of method preparing hydrocarbon, the method may be included in and maintains the controlled freeze region part being formed solid by feed stream in this distillation column, wherein this controlled freeze region part includes build-in components and has the controlled freeze region wall of inner wall surface inside this distillation column, employing process means modifiy these parts at least one, this inner wall surface, or the two, these process means include (a) and remove at least one that this inner wall surface of part applies in coating surface with (b), this feed stream is introduced within this controlled freeze region part, this controlled freeze region part is formed solid by this feed stream, prevent this solid to the adhesion of this inner wall surface and making at least one in this adhesion instability by these process means, and preparing hydrocarbon in the feed stream of this distillation column。
The distillation column that pollutant in feed stream are separated with the hydrocarbon in this feed stream, it can comprise stripper section, this stripper section configured and disposed to be separated into the enriching pollutants bottoms liquid stream comprising these pollutant and the freezing region steam stream comprising this hydro carbons by the feed stream comprising pollutant and hydro carbons, without forming solid；And controlled freeze region, this controlled freeze region comprises: structure and the setting injection assembly to form this solid；In the inner wall surface within this distillation column, its have substantially smooth surface and coating surface at least one, wherein this coating surface and is the outermost surface of inner wall surface within distillation column。
The above-mentioned main points summarizing this specification widely are so that describing in detail subsequently and can more thoroughly being understood。The application also discloses supplementary features。
Accompanying drawing explanation
These and other feature of this description, situation and advantage can be apparent from by description below, additional claims and accompanying drawing described briefly below。
Accompanying drawing 1 is the tower schematic diagram in the inner region with single container。
Accompanying drawing 2 is the tower schematic diagram of the inner region with many containers。
Accompanying drawing 3 is the tower schematic diagram of the inner region with single container。
Accompanying drawing 4 is the tower schematic diagram of the inner region with many containers。
Accompanying drawing 5 is the distillation column controlled freeze region partial cross-sectional view of treated means effect。
Accompanying drawing 6 is the distillation column controlled freeze region partial cross-sectional view of treated means effect。
Accompanying drawing 7 is treated means effect and the distillation column controlled freeze region partial cross-sectional view with packaged unit。
Accompanying drawing 8 is treated means effect and the distillation column controlled freeze region partial cross-sectional view with packaged unit。
Accompanying drawing 9 is the method flow diagram within the scope of this specification。
Should be understood that this accompanying drawing is embodiment rather than thus this specification scope to be limited。In addition this accompanying drawing is frequently not and is drawn to scale but charts for convenient and clear diagram this specification each side。
Detailed Description Of The Invention
In order to promote the understanding to description principle, it is used in this feature description with reference to diagrammatic in the drawings feature and concrete syntax。However it should be understood that not thus to limit this specification scope。As disclosure, any change and change further and any the application further of this specification principle is also expected, those expecting generally about this specification such as those skilled in the art。For the sake of clarity, some features unrelated with this specification can be not necessarily displayed in accompanying drawing, and relevant those skilled in the art are apparent from by this。
As mentioned in this application, this term " logistics ", " gas stream ", " steam stream " and " liquid stream " refers to work as the different phase of feed stream, because being in that to process in a distillation column feed stream, this distillation column by methane, main hydrocarbon in natural gas and separated from contaminants。Although this phrase " gas stream ", " steam stream " and " liquid stream " refers to be primarily present respectively in this logistics the situation of gas, steam and liquid, but still is likely to when having other identical and exists within this logistics。Such as, gas may be simultaneously present in " liquid stream "。In some cases, this term " gas stream " and " steam stream " are used interchangeably。
This specification relates to system and the method for separating feed logistics in a distillation column。This system and method remove the part surface within the part of controlled freeze region and (b) surface within the part of controlled freeze region by (a) and apply at least one in coating surface, help make solid not adhere in this distillation column controlled freeze region part and/or make this adhesion unstable。This specification accompanying drawing 1-9 shows the various aspects of this system and method。
This system and method can separate the feed stream containing methane and pollutant。This system can comprise distillation column 104,204 (accompanying drawing 1-4)。This distillation column 104,204 can by this methane and this separated from contaminants。
This distillation column 104,204 is segmented into three functional areas: lower area 106, controlled freeze region, middle part part 108 and upper area 110。When needs and/or when wanting upper area 110, this distillation column 104,204 can include three functional areas。
When and/or need not being not intended to upper area 110, this distillation column 104,204 can only include two functional areas。When this distillation column does not include upper area 110, a part of steam leaving controlled freeze region, middle part part 108 can condense in condenser 122 and return via injection assembly 129 as liquid stream。And, pipeline 18 and 20 can eliminate, and parts 124 and 126 can be same, and parts 150 and 128 can be same。Logistics 14 in pipeline, obtain the steam leaving controlled freeze region, middle part part 108 this moment, guide these steams to this condenser 122。
Lower area 106 can also be called stripper section。Controlled freeze region, middle part part 108 can also be called controlled freeze region part。Upper area 110 can also be called rectifier (rectifier) region。
The regional of distillation column 104 may be mounted at (accompanying drawing 1 and 3) within single container。Such as, lower area 106, controlled freeze region, middle part part 108, and upper area 110 may be mounted within single container 164。
The regional of distillation column 204 may be mounted within multiple container to form separation-Ta (split-tower) structure (accompanying drawing 2)。Each container can independent of other container。Pipeline and/or additionally suitable device can be connected to other container container。In this case, lower area 106, controlled freeze region, middle part part 108 and upper area 110 may be mounted within two or more container。Such as, as shown in Figure 2, upper area 110 may be mounted within single container 254 and this bottom and controlled freeze region, middle part part 106,108 may be mounted within single container 264。When the case, the liquid stream of upper area 110 is departed from, it is possible to discharge via bottom liquid outlet 260。Bottom this liquid outlet, 260 bottom upper area 110。Although not showing, but each region may be mounted within the independent container of its own, or one or more regions may be mounted within independent container, or top and controlled freeze region, middle part part may be mounted within single container and this lower area may be mounted within single container etc.。When this distillation column region is arranged within container, this container can be arranged along horizontal line block form and/or mutually stack along vertical line。
If it is considered that this distillation tower height, movement and/or transportation problem, such as remote place, this knockout tower structure is advantageous for。This separation-column structure allows one or more regions independently to operate。Such as, when upper area is arranged within single container and this bottom and controlled freeze region, middle part are partially installed within single container, the backflow using essentially no pollutant, a large amount of hydrocarbon stream independently to produce from the pipeline (packedgaspipeline) or adjacent hydrocarbon pipeline of filling gas, may alternatively appear in upper area。And can use this backflow cooling upper area, upper area produce suitable Temperature Distribution and/or bottom upper area accumulating liquid storage as the bottom for controlled freeze region, middle part part injection liquid primary source。And, this feed stream freezing can be passed through, it is made to be fed to the position of this best, it is in bottom or in controlled freeze region part, produce liquid for this lower area and controlled freeze region part in the middle part of this, and when this steam there is too high pollutant load and substandard time, they rows are prepared controlled freeze region and lower area in the middle part of this independently from middle part controlled freeze region part。In addition, can spray off and on or continuously from upper area liquid, accumulating liquid quantity and middle part controlled freeze region partial contamination thing content is declined and close to stable state rank so that two containers can connect to carry steam stream to upper area from controlled freeze region, middle part part, spray and enter within the part of controlled freeze region, middle part from the liquid bottom upper area and stable operation becomes limit continuously in the section bottom of controlled freeze region, middle part。This knockout tower structure can utilize upper area storage tank as the liquid receiver for pump 128, therefore eliminates the needs to liquid receiver 126 in figures 1 and 3。
This system may also include heat exchanger 100 (accompanying drawing 1-2)。This feed stream 10 can enter this heat exchanger 100 before entering this distillation column 104,204。This feed stream 10 can be cooled within heat exchanger 100。This heat exchanger 100 contributes to making this feed stream 10 temperature drop to the level suitably incorporating this distillation column 104,204。
System can include expander device 102 (accompanying drawing 1-4)。Before entering this distillation column 104,204, this feed stream 10 can enter this expander device 102。This feed stream 10 can expand after departing from this heat exchanger 100 in expander device 102。This expander device 102 contributes to making feed stream 10 temperature drop to the level suitably incorporating this distillation column 104,204。This expander device 102 can be any suitable device, such as valve。If expander device 102 is valve, then this valve can be any suitable valve, its can before this feed stream enters this distillation column 104,204 any suitable valve of this feed stream 10 of supplement heat rejecter。Such as, this valve 102 can include joule-thompson (J-T) valve。
This system can include fed separator 103 (accompanying drawing 3-4)。Before entering this distillation column 104,204, this feed stream can enter this fed separator。The feed stream with mixing liquid and steam stream can be separated into liquid stream and steam stream by this fed separator。Pipeline 12 can extend to this distillation column 104,204 from this fed separator。One of pipeline 12 can receive the steam stream from this fed separator。Another of pipeline 12 can receive the liquid stream from this fed separator。Each pipeline 12 can extend to the identical and/or different region (namely middle controlled freeze region and lower area) of this distillation column 104,204。This expander device 102 can or can in the downstream of fed separator 103。This expander device 102 can comprise multiple expander devices 102, makes each pipeline 12 all have expander device 102。
This system can include dewatering unit 261 (accompanying drawing 1-4)。This feed stream 10 is before entering this distillation column 104,204, it is possible to enter this dewatering unit 261。This feed stream 10 advances into this dewatering unit 261 what enter heat exchanger 100 and/or expander device 102。The water that dewatering unit 261 removes from feed stream 10 brings problem with the water in heat exchanger 100, expander device 102, fed separator 103 or distillation column 104,204 after preventing。This water can form independent aqueous phase (namely, ice and/or hydrate), its blocking pipeline, equipment or negatively affect this still-process and bring problem。Dewatering unit 261 makes this feed stream dehydration to dew point, and it is low enough to insure that during this process remainder and is formed without independent aqueous phase at downstream any point。Dewatering unit can be any suitable dehydration device, such as molecular sieve or diol dehydratase unit。
System can include defecator (not shown)。Feed stream 10 can enter this defecator before entering this distillation column 104,204。This defecator can remove undesirable pollutant before this feed stream enters this distillation column 104,204 from this feed stream。Depending on removed pollutant, this defecator can before or after dewatering unit 261 and/or before or after this heat exchanger 100。
This system can include pipeline 12 (accompanying drawing 1-4)。This pipeline is alternatively referred to as intake channel 12。Feed stream 10 can introduce within this distillation column 104,204 via pipeline 12。Pipeline 12 can extend to lower area 106 or controlled freeze region, the middle part part 108 of this distillation column 104,204。Such as, pipeline 12 can extend to lower area 106 and makes feed stream 10 can enter the lower area 106 (accompanying drawing 1-4) of distillation column 104,204。Pipeline 12 can directly or indirectly extend to lower area 106 or controlled freeze region part 108 in the middle part of this。Pipeline 12 can extend to the outer surface of distillation column 104,204 before entering this distillation column。
If system includes fed separator 103 (accompanying drawing 3-4), pipeline 12 can comprise multiple pipeline 12。When one of this pipeline extends to the specific part of distillation column 104,204 from fed separator, each pipeline can be same line。
Construct and arrange lower area 106 feed stream 10 to be separated into the bottoms liquid stream (i.e. liquid stream) of enrichment pollutant and freezing region steam stream (i.e. steam stream)。Lower area 106 separates this feed stream under the temperature and pressure formed without solid。This liquid stream can comprise more more substantial pollutant than methane content。This steam stream can comprise more more substantial methane than amount of pollutant。In any case, this steam stream is lighter than this liquid stream。As a result, this steam stream rises from lower area 106 and this liquid stream falls to the bottom of lower area 106。
Lower area 106 can include and/or be connected to the equipment separating this feed stream。This equipment can comprise and any is suitable for the equipment of pollutant Yu methane separation, such as one or more filler regions 181, or one or more distillation tray (accompanying drawing 1-4) with perforation downspout and cofferdam。
This equipment can include logistics is applied heat to form the ingredient of this steam stream and this liquid stream。Such as, this equipment can comprise the first reboiler 112 that logistics applies heat。First reboiler 112 may be located at outside this distillation column 104,204。This equipment can also comprise the second reboiler 172 applying heat to logistics。Second reboiler 172 may be located at outside this distillation column 104,204。Pipeline 117 can lead to this second reboiler 172 from this distillation column。Pipeline 17 can lead to this distillation column from the second reboiler 172。Can also use and be similar to the extra reboiler that the second reboiler described above is set up。
The liquid stream departing from lower area 106 via the liquid outlet 160 of lower area 106 can be applied heat by the first reboiler 112。This liquid stream can be carried to arrive the first reboiler 112 (accompanying drawing 1-4) via pipeline 28 from this liquid outlet 160。The amount of heat this liquid stream applied by the first reboiler 112 can be increased with by more methane and separated from contaminants。By this reboiler 112, logistics is applied heat more many, more many from this liquid pollutant separation of methane, although more multi-pollutant also can be vaporized。
First reboiler 112 also can apply heat to the logistics within distillation column 104,204。Specifically, applying heat by the first reboiler 112 makes lower area 106 heat up。This heat is conveyed upwards into lower area 106 and heat supply so that the solid melting column plate assembly 139 entering controlled freeze region, middle part part 108 heats up (accompanying drawing 1-4) so that this solid forms liquid and/or slurry mixture。
Second reboiler 172 applies heat to the logistics within lower area 106。Compare the first applied heat of reboiler 112, applied this heat closer to controlled freeze region, middle part part 108。As a result, comparing the first applied heat of reboiler 112, the second applied heat of reboiler 172 is more rapid reaches controlled freeze region, middle part part 108。This second reboiler 172 also helps energy integration。
As a result, comparing the first applied heat of reboiler 112, the second applied heat of reboiler 172 is more rapid reaches controlled freeze region, middle part part 108。This second reboiler 172 also helps energy integration。
This equipment can include one or more flue (chimney) assembly 135 (accompanying drawing 1-4)。While falling to bottom lower area 106, this liquid stream can run into one or more flue assemblys 135。
Each flue assembly 135 includes flue column plate 131, and this liquid stream is collected within lower area 106 by it。This liquid stream collected on flue column plate 131 can be delivered to the second reboiler 172。After heating this liquid stream in the second reboiler 172, this logistics may return to middle part controlled freeze region part 108 with to controlled freeze region, middle part part 108 and/or melt column plate assembly 139 heat supply。The non-vaporization stream departing from the second reboiler 172 may return to the distillation column 104,204 under flue column plate 131。When this steam stream enters distillation column 104,204, the vaporization stream departing from the second reboiler 172 can at flue column plate less than 131 or above transmit。
This flue column plate 131 can include one or more flue 137。This flue 137 is as the passage of steam stream traverse in lower area 106。This steam stream is passed through the opening in the flue column plate 131 bottom flue 137 to flue 137 top。Comparing bottom controlled freeze region, middle part part 108, this opening is bottom lower area 106。Comparing bottom lower area 106, this top is bottom controlled freeze region, middle part part 108。
Each flue 137 has the flue capping 133 being connected to it。The flue open top 138 of flue capping 133 covering flue 137。Flue capping 133 prevents this liquid stream from entering flue 137。This steam stream departs from flue assembly 135 via flue open top 138。
After the bottom falling to lower area 106, this liquid stream departs from distillation column 104,204 via liquid outlet 160。This liquid outlet 160 is (accompanying drawing 1-2) within lower area 106。Liquid outlet 160 may be located at bottom lower area 106。
After departing from via liquid outlet 160, this feed stream can be delivered to the first reboiler 112 via pipeline 28。This feed stream can be heated by the first reboiler 112 and steam can be again introduced into lower area 106 via pipeline 30。Not evaporating liquid can via outside pipeline 24 be extended to this still-process。
System can include expander device 114 (accompanying drawing 1-4)。After entering pipeline 24, the liquid stream of heating can expand in expander device 114。This expander device 114 can be any suitable device, such as valve。Valve 114 can be any suitable valve, such as J-T valve。
This system can include heat exchanger 116 (accompanying drawing 1-4)。Heat exchanger 116 can be passed through by this liquid stream of the first reboiler 112 heating cool down or heat。Heat exchanger 116 can be direct heat exchanger or indirect heat exchanger。Heat exchanger 116 can comprise any suitable heat exchanger。
In lower area 106, this steam stream is raised up to controlled freeze region, middle part part 108 from lower area 106。Construct and arrange controlled freeze region, middle part part 108 and be separated into solid and steam stream with the feed stream 10 at top that is that be introduced into controlled freeze region, middle part part or that introduce lower area 106。This solid can comprise more more pollutant than methane。This steam stream (namely for methane-enrichment steam stream) can comprise more more methane than pollutant。
Controlled freeze region, middle part part 108 includes lower area 40 and upper area 39 (accompanying drawing 5)。Lower area 40 is lower than upper area 39。Lower area 40 abuts directly against upper area 39。Lower area 40 is not only mainly the heating region of controlled freeze region, middle part part 108。Upper area 39 is not only mainly controlled freeze region, middle part part 108 cooled region。Select the temperature and pressure of upper area 39 so that this solid can be formed in controlled freeze region, middle part part 108。
As depicted in figures 5-8, middle part controlled freeze region part 108 can comprise inner wall surface 31。Inner wall surface 31 is a part for controlled freeze region wall 46。
Controlled freeze region, middle part part 108 also can comprise injection assembly 129。Injection assembly 129 cools down the steam stream risen from lower area 40。Injection assembly 129 liquid that this steam stream of injection ratio is colder on this steam stream, to cool down this steam stream。This injection assembly 129 is within upper area 39。This injection assembly 129 is not within lower area 40。
This injection assembly 129 includes one or more injection nozzle 120 (accompanying drawing 1-4)。Each injection nozzle 120 sprays liquid on this steam stream。Injection assembly 129 may also comprise the ejector pump 128 (accompanying drawing 1-4) pumping this liquid。This ejector pump 128 pumps this liquid one or more injector heads to injection assembly 129 and/or injection nozzle。Gravity can guide flowing rather than ejector pump 128 in this liquid。
Under the temperature and pressure forming solid, this steam stream is contacted by this liquid of this injection assembly 129 injection。When sprayed liquid contacts this steam, the solid mainly comprising pollutant is formed。This solid falls towards melting column plate assembly 139。
This injection assembly 129 includes one or more injector head 35。Construct and arrange each injection nozzle 120 to be injected within controlled freeze region, middle part part 108 from this injection assembly 129 by this liquid。Each injector head 35 is connected to an injection nozzle 120。
When this steam stream is delivered to part 108 top in controlled freeze region in the middle part of this bottom controlled freeze region, middle part part 108, the temperature in controlled freeze region, middle part part 108 declines。Methane among steam stream rises to upper area 110 from controlled freeze region, middle part part 108。Some pollutant are likely to remain in this methane and also rise。In this steam stream, these pollutant tend to colder temperature condensation or solidification and the bottom falling to controlled freeze region, middle part part 108。
As depicted in figures 5-8, the inner wall surface 31 of middle part controlled freeze region part 108 can modifiy by process means 36,136。Construct and these process means 36,136 are set so that this solid does not adhere to controlled freeze region wall 46 and/or makes this solids adhering unstable。By making, controlled freeze region wall 46 is substantially smooth makes any solid in controlled freeze region part 108 can not adhere to this controlled freeze region wall 46 to these process means 36,136, and makes this solid not adhere to and/or make this solids adhering unstable。In other words, any on controlled freeze region wall 46 can being smoothed out by this processing method for the outthrust of solids adhering before, this smoothness can reach to make this solid for the adhesion difficulty of this inner wall surface 31 to impossible。These process means can include (a) and remove this inside wall surface portion to obtain substantially smooth surface 36 and (b) this inner wall surface 31 modified to include at least one in coating surface 136。
This inner wall surface of removing part can include any process means that can obtain essentially smooth surface 36。Such as, these process means can include mechanically removing material from inner wall surface 31 and removing at least one material in electricity mode。Mechanically removing material from inner wall surface 31 can be such as, including sand milling, grinding, sandblasting and/or machine glazed finish inner wall surface 31。Removing material from inner wall surface 31 in electricity mode can be such as, including electropolishing inner wall surface 31 and/or laser ablation inner wall surface 31。When by inner wall surface 31 electropolishing, while electric current traverse electrical conductance solution, electrical conductance solution can be held against inner wall surface 31。Electropolishing can remove the peak of inner wall surface 31 on microscopic scale from inner wall surface 31。Removing this material in electricity mode and mechanically can remove this material it is further preferred that because readily available substantially smooth surface 36 by ratio, it is uniform and smooth surface。Whatsoever method, the detailed level of detailed level that the method includes removing the molecule of inner wall surface 31 and particularly prominent molecule is to obtain the inner wall surface 31 smoothed。Obtained inner wall surface 31, such as when removing this material in electricity mode, it is possible to having is almost the surface of minute surface-covering with paint。Obtained smooth surface is so smooth to such an extent as to solid is difficult to adhere to inner wall surface 31。
Coating surface 136 is a part for inner wall surface 31。Coating surface 136 can be able to any suitable coating surface of resistance to cryogenic temperature。Coating surface 136 can be to provide any suitable coating surface of non-stick features。Such as, coating surface 136 can be politef。Politef can be excellent coating surface because it be considered as low-energy and be produced very smooth。Specifically, it does not adsorb other component easily, and therefore other component is difficult to adhere to it。Once application, coating surface 136 can be the innermost surface in the inner wall surface 31 within distillation column 104,204。Coating surface 136 can have any suitable thickness。Such as, coating layer thickness 136 can be 100 microns-300 microns or about 100 microns-300 microns。Alternatively, coating layer thickness 136 can be 100 microns-1 millimeter or about 100 microns-1 millimeter。
As shown in accompanying drawing 7-8, controlled freeze region wall 46 can include wall opening 57。Wall opening 57 can protrude (namely extending outwardly away from) from distillation column 104,204 longitudinal axis away from inner wall surface 31。Solid can be accumulated among wall opening 57 and surrounding；Solid can adhere to wall opening 57 and/or wall opening 57 surrounding immediate area。For preventing solid to be accumulated among wall opening 57 and surrounding, controlled freeze region, middle part part 108 can include insert or packaged unit 55。
Packaged unit 55 can be any suitable shape, and it may be mounted within wall opening 57 and packaged unit inner surface 56 substantially flushes with inner wall surface 31。Packaged unit inner surface 56 is the outermost surface of packaged unit 55 among distillation column 104,204 inside。Packaged unit inner surface 56 is enough smooth so that solid does not adhere to and/or make solids adhering unstable。For making packaged unit inner surface 56 enough smooth, it is possible to use any suitable method on packaged unit inner surface。Such as, packaged unit inner surface 56 can apply coating surface, ratio coating surface as previously described, or the part of packaged unit inner surface 56 can be removed, as by use any one previously described mechanically and with electricity mode surface treatment means。
Except include inner wall surface 31 by these process means modified except, within controlled freeze region, middle part part 108, one or more build-in components can use this processing method modified。Build-in components within controlled freeze region, middle part part 108 can include this injection assembly 129, these thawing column plate assembly 139, instrument, sensor etc.。Within controlled freeze region, middle part part 108, build-in components is independently of the parts of inner wall surface 31。Modifiying one or more build-in components, the build-in components surface of each build-in components can be passed through these process means and modifiy。This build-in components surface can be the outer surface of this build-in components。Once this build-in components surface modification, then this build-in components surface can be substantially smooth surface so that any solid can not adhere to build-in components in controlled freeze region, middle part part 108。This substantially smooth surface can be uniform and smooth surface。
When inner wall surface 31 is modifiied by this processing method, middle part controlled freeze region part 108 can include or can not include heating means, such as be disclosed in JaimeValencia, waits and the name applied on the same day with the application is called the heating means in " adopting heater means separating hydrocarbons and pollutant to remove method and apparatus that is stable and/or that prevent solids adhering " application。Modified inner wall surface 31 can be substantially prevented from solids adhering in without heating means situation and to controlled freeze region wall 46 and/or make solids adhering instability。If modified inner wall surface 31 is modifiied by processing method, then the method includes coating surface, and modified inner wall surface 31 can as the insulator conducting heat outside distillation column 104,204。If while it is true, these heating means, in this situation that this processing method surface modification cannot prevent buildup of solids, then adopt heating means。
Controlled freeze region, middle part part 108 can comprise thawing column plate assembly 139, and it is retained among controlled freeze region, middle part part 108 (accompanying drawing 1-5)。Melt column plate assembly 139 within the lower area 40 of controlled freeze region, middle part part 108。Melt column plate assembly 139 not within the upper area 39 of controlled freeze region, middle part part 108。
Construct and arrange and melt column plate assembly 139 so that the solid formed in controlled freeze region, middle part part 108 melts。When this warm steam stream is raised up to middle part controlled freeze region part 108 from lower area 106, this steam stream immediately encounters this thawing column plate assembly 139 and provides heat to melt this solid。Melt column plate assembly 139 can comprise thawing column plate 118, bubble-cap 132, liquid 130 and heater 134 at least one。
This thawing column plate 118 can collect liquid and/or slurry mixture。This thawing column plate 118 divides controlled freeze region, at least some of middle part part 108 from lower area 106。Therefore, column plate 118 is melted in the bottom 45 of controlled freeze region, middle part part 108。
One or more bubble-caps 132 can rise to the passage of controlled freeze region, middle part part 108 as this steam stream from lower area 106。This bubble-cap 132 can provide and be upwardly into, for this steam stream, the path that then riser 140 declines and extremely melt column plate 118 around riser 140。Riser 140 is by covering 141 coverings。Capping 141 prevents liquid 130 from delivering within this riser and it also helps prevent Solid Conveying and Melting to enter within riser 140。This steam stream makes steam stream transfer heat to melting the liquid 130 within column plate assembly 139 via the stroke of bubble-cap 132。
One or more heaters 134 can add hot liquid 130 further to help solid to be melted into liquid and/or slurry mixture。This heater 134 may be located at any position within thawing column plate assembly 139。Such as, as shown in accompanying drawing 1-4, heater 134 may be located at around bubble-cap 132。Heater 134 can be any suitable device, such as heating coil。Heater 134 thermal source can be any suitable thermal source。
By the liquid 130 that this steam stream heats in this thawing column plate assembly。Hot liquid 130 is added also by one or more heaters 134。Liquid 130 helps the solid formed in controlled freeze region, middle part part 108 to melt becomes liquid and/or slurry mixture。Specifically, heat this liquid by the heat transfer of this steam stream, thus enable that heat melts this solid。Liquid 130 content enough melts this solid。
When in liquid 130, this solid forms liquid and/or slurry mixture。This liquid and/or slurry mixture flow to bottom distillation zone 106 from controlled freeze region, middle part part 108。This liquid and/or slurry mixture via pipeline 22 from the flows of controlled freeze region, middle part part 108 to the top (accompanying drawing 1-4) of lower area 106。This pipeline 22 can be exterior tubing。This pipeline 22 can extend from distillation column 104,204。Pipeline 22 can extend from controlled freeze region, middle part part 108。This pipeline can extend to lower area 106。This pipeline 22 can extend from distillation column 104,204 outer surface。
Controlled freeze region, middle part part 108 rise and does not form solid or fall to this steam stream bottom controlled freeze region, middle part part 108 in another manner, rising to upper area 110。Upper area 110 runs under the temperature and pressure formed without solid and pollutant levels。Upper area 110 is constructed and arranges to cool down this steam stream with by methane and separated from contaminants。Reflux in upper area 110 makes this steam stream cool down。This reflux is introduced into upper area 110 via pipeline 18。Pipeline 18 can extend to upper area 110。Pipeline 18 can extend from distillation column 104,204 outer surface。
After this backflow contacts reflux in upper area 110, this feed stream forms steam stream and liquid stream。This steam stream mainly comprises methane。This liquid stream comprises relatively more pollutant。This steam stream rises in upper area 110 and this liquid drops to the bottom of upper area 110。
When this reflux of this stream contacts, in order to promote separating of methane and these pollutant, upper area 110 can include one or more mass transfer apparatus 176。Each mass transfer apparatus 176 helps methane and this separated from contaminants。Each mass transfer apparatus 176 can comprise, and any suitable segregation apparatus, such as has the column plate of perforation or the region of random or structured packing to promote contacting of steam and liquid phase。
After rising, this steam stream can depart from distillation column 104,204 via pipeline 14。Pipeline 14 can be derived from upper area 110 top。Pipeline 14 can extend from upper area 110 outer surface。
This steam stream can enter condenser 122 from pipeline 14。Condenser 122 cools down this steam stream to form the logistics of cooling。Condenser 122 concentrates this logistics at least partly。
After departing from condenser 122, the logistics of this cooling can enter separator 124。This steam stream is separated into liquid and steam stream by separator 124。This separator can be that logistics can be separated into liquid and any suitable separator of steam stream, such as return tank。
Once separate, this steam stream can depart from this separator 124 as selling product。This sale product can be delivered to pipeline and/or condensation to liquefied natural gas for selling subsequently via pipeline 16。
Once separate, this liquid stream can return to upper area 110 via pipeline 18 as reflux。This reflux can be delivered to upper area 110 via any suitable device, such as reflux pump 150 (accompanying drawing 1 and 3) or gravity (accompanying drawing 2 and 4)。
Fall to the bottom collection at upper area 110 of this liquid stream (i.e. freezing region liquid stream) bottom upper area 110。This liquid can collect (accompanying drawing 1 and 3) or the bottommost portion collection (accompanying drawing 2 and 4) at upper area 110 on column plate 183。Collected liquid can depart from distillation column 104,204 via pipeline 20 (accompanying drawing 1 and 3) or outlet 260 (accompanying drawing 2 and 4)。Pipeline 20 can be derived from upper area 110。Pipeline 20 can be derived from upper area 110 bottom end。Pipeline 20 can extend from upper area 110 outer surface。
Pipeline 20 and/or outlet 260 are connected to pipeline 41。Pipeline 41 leads to the injection assembly 129 in controlled freeze region, middle part part 108。Pipeline 41 is derived from holding vessel 126。Pipeline 41 can extend to controlled freeze region, middle part part 108 outer surface。
Pipeline 20 and/or outlet 260 directly or indirectly (accompanying drawing 1-4) can be connected to pipeline 41。When pipeline 20 and/or outlet 260 are directly connected in pipeline 41, this liquid jet can deliver to injection nozzle 120 via any suitable device, such as ejector pump 128 or gravity。When pipeline 20 and/or outlet 260 are indirectly coupled to pipeline 41, pipeline 20,41 and/or outlet 260 and pipeline 41 can be directly connected to holding vessel 126 (accompanying drawing 1 and 3)。Before liquid jet is by the injection of this spout, holding vessel 126 can hold at least some in liquid jet。This liquid jet can be transported to injection nozzle 120 via any suitable device, such as ejector pump 128 (accompanying drawing 1-4) or gravity from holding vessel 126。When not having the liquid stream of q.s to be fed to injection nozzle 120 in the bottom of upper area 110, it is necessary to holding vessel 126。
Method for separating feed logistics 10 in distillation column 104,204 and/or generation hydrocarbon can include maintenance lower area 106 in this distillation column, and it separates this feed stream 10 becomes this enrichment pollutant bottoms liquid stream and this freezing region steam stream；Maintaining controlled freeze region, middle part part 108 in distillation column 501, its application freeze space liquid stream is to form this solid and this hydrocarbon-enrichment steam stream 501 (accompanying drawing 9)；And modifiy this inner wall surface 31 by these process means 502 and make this solid not adhere to this inner wall surface 31,506 and/or make this solids adhering unstable (accompanying drawing 9)。The method can include introducing within distillation column 104,204 region 106,108 (accompanying drawing 9) 503 feed streams 10。As the application is previously described, feed stream 10 one of is introduced in region 106,108 via pipeline 12。The method can include being separated into enrichment pollutant bottoms liquid stream and this freezing region steam stream by feed stream 10 in lower area 106 under essentially no solid formation temperature and pressure。Lower area 106 such as the application previously disclosed such operation。The method can include in controlled freeze region part 108 by the formed solid 504 of this feed stream。When, under forming the temperature and pressure of solid and this hydrocarbon-enrichment steam stream, when this freezing region steam stream and this freeze space liquid stream are injected into middle part controlled freeze region part 108, this solid can be formed。The method can include mixing to form solid and hydrocarbon-enrichment steam stream with freezing region steam stream by freeze space liquid stream in the part of controlled freeze region。Middle part controlled freeze region part 108 as the application previously disclosed in run。The method can include being introduced by feed stream 503 in one of lower area 106 and controlled freeze region, middle part part 108。The method can include the feed stream 504 in lower area 106 is separated into enrichment pollutant bottoms liquid stream and this freezing region steam stream。The method can include being enriched with under the temperature and pressure that steam stream is formed by this freezing region steam stream 505 at solid and this hydrocarbon and be injected into controlled freeze region, middle part part 108。The method can include making controlled freeze region, middle part part 506 (accompanying drawing 9) solid not adhere to and/or make adhesion unstable。
The method can include maintaining upper area 110。Upper area 110 as the application previously disclosed in run。The method separates the feed stream in upper area 110 also including previously having discussed such as the application。
The method can include, and after this hydrocarbon-enriched substance flows through and departed from this distillation column 104,204 by controlled freeze region, middle part part 108 or upper area 110, carries this hydrocarbon-enriched substance flow to pipeline for sale。The method can include being in that in distillation column 104,204 and process this hydrocarbon-enrichment logistics to including the CO less than 50ppm2Afterwards, this hydrocarbon-enriched substance is carried to flow to LNG factory。After depart from this distillation column 104,204 via upper area, this logistics can deliver to LNG factory。The method can include removing this CO from lower area 1062This CO is injected in logistics and the down-hole of enrichment2Enrichment logistics is used for removing, or sells this CO2Enrichment logistics is for EOR purpose, it is assumed that this logistics does not comprise too much H2S。
It is important to note that and is only method that is illustrative and that the present invention can be implemented without requiring concrete steps in step described in accompanying drawing 9。And, accompanying drawing 9 can illustrate whole steps。These claims, and only these claims limit system and the method for this invention。
Hydrocarbon processes operation can use disclosure。As used herein, " hydrocarbon process " or " process hydrocarbon " includes hydrocarbon extraction, hydrocarbon productions, hydrocarbon prospecting, determines potential petroleum resources, determines well location and put, determines deep well injection and/or extraction rate, determines reservoir communication, obtains, removes and/or abandon petroleum resources, comment hydrocarbon formerly processes and determines and any other relates to hydrocarbon activity or operation。This term " hydrocarbon process " is also used to inject or lay in hydrocarbon or CO2, for instance CO2Admittedly deposit, such as reservoir evaluation, development project, and reservoir management。Disclosed methodology and technology may be used for extracting hydrocarbon from subsurface region and processing this hydrocarbon。Hydro carbons and impurity can extract from reservoir and process。This hydro carbons and impurity can be processed, for instance previously this distillation column disclosed。After this hydro carbons and impurity treatment, this hydrocarbon can extract from processor, such as this distillation column and produce product。These pollutant can be discharged within land etc.。Such as, the method for producing hydrocarbon may also comprise and removes this hydrocarbon-enrichment steam stream from this distillation column。The method may also comprise and producing 508 hydrocarbon (accompanying drawing 9) in this feed stream of this distillation column。The hydrocarbon extraction initial from reservoir can by using hydrocarbon drilling equipment drilling well to complete。For drilling well and/or extract the equipment of this hydrocarbon and technology is that correlative technology field known to the skilled person which。Other hydrocarbon extraction movable and, more commonly, other hydrocarbon process activity, it is possible to carry out according to known principle。
As used in this application, this term " about ", " about ", " substantially " is intended to have wide in range implication with term similar, and it meets, and this specification subject content person of ordinary skill in the relevant is general and acceptable usage。Check those skilled in the art of this specification it is believed that these terms are used to allow describing rather than these characteristic ranges being constrained to the precise figures scope provided of some feature disclosed and required for protection。Therefore, these terms should be construed to show subject is considered within the scope of description without essence or inessential change or change。
For purpose of this specification, this term " coupling " means two components and is directly or indirectly connected with each other。Above-mentioned connection can be fixing or substantially moveable。Above-mentioned connection can each other or these two components be integrally formed as single entirety or this two components and any extra intermediate member is connected to each other with any extra intermediate member by these two components realizations or these two components。Above-mentioned connection can be substantially fix or can be substantially moveable or releasable。
It should be understood that disclosure before is carried out many changes, improvement and substitutes。Therefore before, description is not the restriction for open scope。On the contrary, open scope is only determined by attached claims and their equivalent。It is also contemplated that structure and feature can change, adjust, substitute, delete, replicate, combine or mutually increase in present embodiment。
Article " the ", " a " and " an " is not necessarily limited to mean only one, but scope wide and open-ended so that including optional multiple above-mentioned parts。

Claims (23)

1. the method for separating feed logistics in a distillation column, including:
Maintaining the controlled freeze region part being formed solid by feed stream in this distillation column, wherein this controlled freeze region part includes one or more build-in components and has the controlled freeze region wall of inner wall surface inside this distillation column；
Employing process means modifiy this build-in components at least one, this inner wall surface or the two, these process means include (a) and remove this inner wall surface and (b) at least one of applying in coating surface of part；
This feed stream is introduced within this controlled freeze region part；
This controlled freeze region part is formed solid by this feed stream；And
Prevent this solid to the adhesion of this inner wall surface and making at least one in this adhesion instability by these process means。
2. the process of claim 1 wherein that this inner wall surface of removing part includes at least one mechanically and electrochemically removing material from this inner wall surface。
3. the method for claim 2, wherein mechanically removes material and comprises this inner wall surface of sand milling, grinding, sandblasting or mechanical polishing。
4. the method for claim 2, wherein electrochemically removes material and comprises this inner wall surface of electropolishing。
5. the method any one of claim 1, wherein this coating surface comprises politef。
6. the method any one of claim 1 or 5, wherein this coating surface is formed in the innermost surface of this distillation column this inner wall surface internal。
7. the method any one of claim 1-6, also includes:
With at least one of surface in the modified at least two build-in components of the means of process, wherein these two build-in components comprise thawing column plate assembly and injection assembly, and wherein at least one and the separation of this inner wall surface in this thawing column plate assembly and this injection assembly；And
Prevent this solid at least one of adhesion in this thawing column plate assembly and this injection assembly and making at least one in this adhesion instability by these process means。
8. the method any one of claim 1-7, also includes inserting the packaged unit with packaged unit inner surface to the wall opening of controlled freeze region wall, and the packaged unit inner surface being wherein inserted into substantially flushes with this inner wall surface。
9. the method preparing hydrocarbon, the method includes:
Maintaining the controlled freeze region part being formed solid by feed stream in this distillation column, wherein this controlled freeze region part includes build-in components and has the controlled freeze region wall of inner wall surface inside this distillation column；
Employing process means modifiy these parts at least one, this inner wall surface or the two, these process means include (a) and remove this inner wall surface and (b) at least one of applying in coating surface of part；
This feed stream is introduced within this controlled freeze region part；
This controlled freeze region part is formed solid by this feed stream；
Prevent this solid to the adhesion of this inner wall surface and making at least one in this adhesion instability by these process means；And
Hydrocarbon is being prepared in the feed stream of this distillation column。
10. the method for claim 9, this inner wall surface of wherein removing part includes at least one mechanically and electrochemically removing material from this inner wall surface。
11. the method for claim 10, wherein mechanically remove material and comprise this inner wall surface of sand milling, grinding, sandblasting or mechanical polishing。
12. the method for claim 10, wherein electrochemically remove material and comprise this inner wall surface of electropolishing。
13. the method for claim 9, wherein this coating surface comprises politef。
14. the method any one of claim 9 or 13, wherein this coating surface is formed in the innermost surface of this distillation column this inner wall surface internal。
15. the method any one of claim 9-14, also include:
Make at least one of surface modification in thawing column plate assembly and injection assembly within the part of controlled freeze region by these process means, wherein in this thawing column plate assembly and this injection assembly, at least one separates with this inner wall surface；And
Prevent this solid at least one of adhesion in this thawing column plate assembly and this injection assembly and making at least one in this adhesion instability by these process means。
16. the method any one of claim 9-15, also including inserting the packaged unit with packaged unit inner surface to the wall opening of controlled freeze region wall, the packaged unit inner surface being wherein inserted into substantially flushes with this inner wall surface。
17. the distillation column separated with the hydrocarbon in this feed stream by the pollutant in feed stream, it comprises:
Stripper section, this stripper section configured and disposed to be separated into the enriching pollutants bottoms liquid stream comprising these pollutant and the freezing region steam stream comprising this hydro carbons by the feed stream comprising pollutant and hydro carbons, without forming solid；And
Controlled freeze region, this controlled freeze region comprises:
Structure and the setting injection assembly to form this solid；
Structure and the setting thawing column plate assembly to melt this solid；
In the inner wall surface within this distillation column, its have substantially smooth surface and coating surface at least one, wherein this coating surface and is the outermost surface of inner wall surface within distillation column。
18. the distillation column of claim 17, wherein this controlled freeze region wall includes the wall opening that protrudes away from inside this distillation column。
19. the distillation column of claim 18, further contained in the closing feature within this wall opening, wherein this closing feature includes the closing feature inner surface that substantially flushes with this inner wall surface。
20. the distillation column any one of claim 17-19, wherein this injection assembly includes injector head and injection nozzle, and wherein at least one in this injector head and this injection nozzle has substantially smooth surface or coating surface。
21. the distillation column any one of claim 17-20, comprise structure further and the reboiler section formed without solid to separate this feed stream is set。
22. the distillation column of claim 21, wherein in Stripping section, controlled freeze region part and reboiler section, at least one is in the first container and in Stripping section, controlled freeze region part and reboiler section, additionally at least one is in the second container separated with the first container。
23. the distillation column of claim 21, wherein this Stripping section and this controlled freeze region part be in the first container and this reboiler section be with first container separate second container in。
CN201480060334.6A 2013-12-06 2014-10-17 Method and device for separating hydrocarbons and contaminants with a surface treatment mechanism Pending CN105705213A (en)

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