CN105697238A - High-altitude wind energy power generation system and high-altitude wind energy power generation air bag - Google Patents
High-altitude wind energy power generation system and high-altitude wind energy power generation air bag Download PDFInfo
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- CN105697238A CN105697238A CN201610200583.1A CN201610200583A CN105697238A CN 105697238 A CN105697238 A CN 105697238A CN 201610200583 A CN201610200583 A CN 201610200583A CN 105697238 A CN105697238 A CN 105697238A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
Abstract
The invention relates to a high-altitude wind energy power generation system and a high-altitude wind energy power generation air bag. The high-altitude wind energy power generation system comprises at least one high-altitude wind energy power generation device, and each high-altitude wind energy power generation device comprises an umbrella-shaped kite and a high-altitude power generation part; each high-altitude power generation part is composed of a turbo machine and an electric generator, and each umbrella-shaped kite is of a gradually-shrinking structure from front end to rear end; an opening is formed in the rear end of each kite, and each turbo machine is fixedly arranged at the position of the corresponding opening; and when the power generation system comprises at least two high-altitude wind energy power generation devices, the electric generators in all high-altitude wind energy power generation devices are in series connection; the power generation air bag comprises an air bag body and a power generation part; and both the power generation system and the power generation air bag can achieve high wind speed, high rotating speed, high voltage, small weight and small size, and therefore the functionization degree of the power generation devices is improved. The electric generators in the power generation devices of the power generation system are arranged in a series-connection manner, and the electric generation voltage can be greatly improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of high altitude wind energy electricity generation system and a kind of high altitude wind energy generating air bag, belong to high altitude wind energy power field。
Background technology
Air movement has kinetic energy。Air is when the unit interval (1 second) flows through unit are (1 square metre), then the wind power concentration that air has is P=1/2* ρ v3。Wherein, ρ is the density of this place's air, and v is the flowing velocity of this place's air。
The wind speed in high-altitude is far above ground, and wind speed is less is affected by topography and geomorphology, and wind energy is stable, therefore the wind energy concentration in high-altitude is far above ground, it is possible to be ten times of low latitude wind energy concentration to Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae。And utilize high altitude wind energy to carry out generating and be still substantially at trystate at present。
High altitude wind energy generation technology is utilized to be summed up, it is possible to be divided into three major types:
One class is to utilize the lift effects such as helium balloon, fire balloon, dirigible, is raised to by electromotor in the air, utilizes abundant wind energy transformation for mechanical energy in the air at height, and changes mechanical energy is electric energy, passes to ground electrical network by cable afterwards。
It is restricted that the defect of such technology path is mainly generated output, and generator power increases, and weight generally also can increase, and lift-off difficulty strengthens；In addition, owing to system entirety is heavier, generating set is difficult to be raised to the height of more than km, simultaneously as electricity generation system is positioned at high-altitude cannot pass through transformer boost, big electric current certainly will be used in high-power situation to transmit electricity, so the wire that diameter is thicker must be used, this increases again the weight of whole system undoubtedly。In addition helium balloon is along with the lifting of lift-off height, and atmospheric density declines, and buoyancy suffered by helium balloon declines。These reasons limit the corporate device lifting height of such technology path, and the wind power equipment lift-off height of balloon class Technology Ways is distributed in the scope of 300 to 500 meters more；It addition, fill helium to need cost, helium balloon requires higher for the material of air bag, to prevent helium from too much leaking。
The Typical Representative of this technology path is the high-altitude wind power system " air fluttering turbine " (BAT) of Altaerosenergies。Electromotor is installed in a huge helium-airship, and lifting height is about about 300 meters, and BAT utilizes the high speed in high-altitude distinguished and admirable, and generated energy doubles than surface wind TRT。
Another kind of Technology Ways is that generating set is fixed on ground, by huge " kite " or Fixed Wing AirVehicle, wind energy is aloft utilized to pull terrestrial power generation unit, thus converting wind energy into mechanical energy, the electromotor driving ground is converted into electric energy, thus solving the deadweight problem of cable and electromotor。
MARS (MagennAirRotorSystem) system of Italy KiteGen is the Typical Representative of such technology path。MARS system is mainly made up of the towing kite in high-altitude and the generating equipment two parts on ground。Towing kite is connected with the wind-driven generator on ground, and controls, by the aviation induction apparatus being arranged in generating equipment, direction and the path that kite rotates, to drive terrestrial power generation machine rotate and generate electricity to greatest extent。The maximum difficult point of such technology path is in that to control the stability of electricity generation system。It addition, some kites adopt beveled structure, the circular symmetric structure of parachute is conducive to improving system stability。Utilizing high altitude wind energy to move up and down, the mechanical energy of generation pulls terrestrial power generation machine to be converted into electric energy。Air system has only to change highly, and aerial control system exists self-stabilization feature, it is easy to control flight attitude。System acting process simply moves up and down, the problem not having " running chaotically ", and the difficult point of control is in that closing one's umbrella and putting umbrella operation the parachute being in high-altitude。
3rd class is in the gyroplane on ground with hawser mooring, and its rotor provides lift for whole device and generates electricity。Which is actually one and stops skyborne generation platform, is mounted with the rotor of multiple routine herein above。Rotor, when wind speed height, generates electricity and provides lift；When wind speed is relatively low, the lift that gyroplane produces is not enough so that TRT rises aloft, it is possible to by power cable from ground system-oriented power transmission, so that gyroplane runs in electric helicopter mode, to produce enough lift。During lift work, run offer lift in electric helicopter mode equally。This kind of mode advantages, but cost is of a relatively high。
The first, the third adopts the mode of aerial generation platform, the size of TRT and weight big, and voltage output is low, electric current is big, and the sectional dimension of the power cable connecting ground is big, from great, the lift-off ability of these factors devices, the raising of restriction single-machine capacity。
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of high altitude wind energy electricity generation system, in order to solve the problem that traditional high-altitude power generation device all exists certain defect。Present invention simultaneously provides a kind of high altitude wind energy generating air bag。
For achieving the above object, the solution of the present invention includes a kind of high altitude wind energy electricity generation system, described electricity generation system includes at least one high altitude wind energy TRT, described TRT includes umbrella shape kite and high-altitude power generation part, described high-altitude power generation part is made up of turbine and electromotor, front end to the rear end of described umbrella shape kite is tapered configuration, the open rearward end of described kite, described opening part is fixedly installed described turbine, this turbine and generator mechanical are in transmission connection, described electromotor has for connecting cable or for electric energy is exported to the electric energy output end on ground by wireless power transmission mode, described cable is for exporting ground by the electric energy sent；
When electricity generation system includes at least two high altitude wind energy TRT, the electromotor in all of high altitude wind energy TRT is arranged in series。
The rear end of the opening of described umbrella shape kite is provided with an air bag, the rear end of the front end of this air bag and described umbrella shape kite is fixedly installed, described air bag has front end to middle-end to be tapered configuration, middle-end to rear end is the vent passages of flaring structure, and described turbine is arranged on described middle-end place。
Arranging before and after electromotor and turbine, electromotor is arranged on the front of turbine, and electromotor and turbine are coaxially disposed。
On described umbrella shape kite, stationary cloth is equipped with at least one for providing lift when umbrella shape kite goes up to the air, providing the auxiliary balloon of buffering when umbrella shape kite lands or assist kite。
The front-end and back-end of described electromotor are provided with trousers, are provided with the gap for ventilating between electromotor and turbine。
Described electromotor is arranged on the front end of described opening, and described turbine is arranged on the rear end of described opening, and the rear end of described turbine is provided with a tubaeform exhaust outlet in flaring structure。
Described electricity generation system also includes ground winding plant, and described ground winding plant is connected with the umbrella shape kite in TRT by hawser。
A kind of high altitude wind energy generating air bag, including airbag body and high-altitude power generation part, described high-altitude power generation part is made up of turbine and electromotor, described airbag body has front end to middle-end to be tapered configuration, middle-end to rear end is the vent passages of flaring structure, described turbine is arranged on described middle-end place, and described turbine and generator mechanical are in transmission connection。
Arranging before and after described electromotor and turbine, electromotor is arranged on the front of turbine, and electromotor and turbine are coaxially disposed。
The front-end and back-end of described electromotor are provided with trousers, are provided with the gap for ventilating between electromotor and turbine。
High altitude wind energy electricity generation system provided by the invention has the advantages that, 1) providing lift by kite and rely on the umbrella shape feature of self to form high speed winds, this high speed winds can drive rotating turbine, and then drive electrical generators rotates, to realize generating electricity；Turbine is not strict with by TRT, because umbrella shape feature can form high speed winds, so this electricity generation system is applicable to turbine small-sized, light-weighted, the high speed winds of formation can drive turbine to do work, it is achieved the rotating speed high speed of turbine；Further, the turbine of high-speed rotation can drive electrical generators high-speed rotation, so, the high-altitude power generation part in this TRT need not be arranged to promote rotating speed speed change gear, only utilize turbine and electromotor effectively to generate electricity；2) owing to the output voltage of electromotor is directly proportional to rotating speed, so the turbine of high-speed rotation can promote the output voltage of electromotor, the overall dimensions of electromotor, stator conductor wire diameter are very big without what do, only need less size and wire diameter can meet requirement；Owing to electromotor can export higher voltage, so without arranging the voltage conversion apparatus such as transformator in aerial power generation part, effectively reducing the weight of Aerial parts；Further, owing to voltage is more high, transmission electric current is more little, so, on the basis of high output voltage, this device can effectively reduce the wire diameter of transmission cable, reduces the weight of TRT further, reduces input cost。So, the core of this electricity generation system is in that the wind speed high speed of aerial device, rotating speed high speed, voltage high-pressure trend, lightweight quantization, volume miniaturization, thus improving degree of being practical。
And, electricity generation system provided by the invention can arrange multiple TRT according to practical situation, electromotor in all of TRT is arranged in series, can significant increase generating voltage, it is not only able to meet the demand of big voltage, and the wire diameter of transmission cable can be reduced further, reduce the weight of aerial device, reduce input cost。
Additionally, the present invention also provides for a kind of high altitude wind energy generating air bag, this air bag includes airbag body and high-altitude power generation part, high-altitude power generation part is made up of turbine and electromotor, airbag body has front end to middle-end to be tapered configuration, middle-end to rear end is the vent passages of flaring structure, turbine is arranged on middle-end place, and described turbine and generator mechanical are in transmission connection。This generating air bag has the characteristic of general air bag, the effect of lift-off automatically is realized by internal gas, and this air bag also possesses the passage of a convergent flaring, upper-level winds can form high speed winds by this passage, similar to above-mentioned electricity generation system, this generating air bag is also applied for turbine small-sized, light-weighted, and need not be arranged to promote the speed change gear of rotating speed, only utilizes turbine and electromotor effectively to generate electricity；The overall dimensions of electromotor, stator conductor wire diameter are very big without what do, only need less size and wire diameter can meet requirement；Without arranging the voltage conversion apparatus such as transformator, effectively reduce the weight of Aerial parts；Can effectively reduce the wire diameter of transmission cable, reduce the weight of TRT further, reduce input cost。So, the core of this generating air bag is in that the wind speed high speed of aerial device, rotating speed high speed, voltage high-pressure trend, lightweight quantization, volume miniaturization equally, thus improving degree of being practical。
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of high altitude wind energy TRT embodiment 1；
Fig. 2 is the connection diagram of turbine and electromotor；
Fig. 3 is the flow schematic diagram of the high speed winds in kite；
Fig. 4 is the helium balloon connection diagram as auxiliary lifting source Yu umbrella shape kite；
Fig. 5 is the auxiliary kite connection diagram as auxiliary lifting source Yu umbrella shape kite；
With the connection diagram of umbrella shape kite when Fig. 6-a is outside lift-source lifting umbrella shape kite；
Fig. 6-b is schematic diagram when outside lift-source and the unhook of umbrella shape kite；
Fig. 7 is the attachment structure schematic diagram of TRT and high-altitude load；
Fig. 8 is the connection circuit diagram of TRT and high-altitude load；
Fig. 9 is turbine and electromotor another kind annexation schematic diagram；
Figure 10 is the structural representation of high altitude wind energy TRT embodiment 2；
Figure 11 be multiple umbrella shape kite be connected in series schematic diagram；
Figure 12 is the principle schematic that multiple electromotor is connected in series；
Figure 13-a is multiple umbrella shape kite running status schematic diagrams aloft；
Figure 13-b is that multiple umbrella shape kite lands operating principle schematic diagram when being connected in series；
Figure 14 is the structural representation of high altitude wind energy generating air bag。
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention will be further described in detail。
High altitude wind energy electricity generation system embodiment 1
In this embodiment, system includes a TRT。As it is shown in figure 1, this high altitude wind energy TRT mainly includes umbrella shape kite part, turbine and electromotor。This umbrella shape kite is parachute-shaped, it is generally the profile such as spheric, hyperbolic horn shape, the kite that can also be asymmetrically designed, as monnolithic case presents wing, this umbrella shape kite has good lift efficiency in a word, below this kite is referred to as umbrella shape kite, and, this umbrella shape kite can adopt framework supporting structure, it is also possible to without skeletal support。The area of umbrella shape kite can from 1 square metre to thousands of square metres not etc., and usual area is bigger。Assert that this umbrella shape kite is tapered configuration from front end to rear end, namely the cross section of this umbrella shape kite is gradually reduced from front end to rear end。Certainly, this identification is only to facilitate illustrate the structure of this kite, and it also can be assert in opposite directions, and it is substantially identical with this identification situation。Based on above-mentioned identification, in the open rearward end of this umbrella shape kite, being installed with turbine at this opening part, the wind energy converged after concentrating is passed into back-connected turbine by umbrella shape kite, after driving rotating turbine, is then discharged out。
It addition, umbrella shape kite box haul adjusts floating direction automatically, its can the attitude windward of self-adapting adjusting apparatus, umbrella shape kite, all the time towards direction of the wind comes from, improves wind energy utilization。So, the aerial operation part of this TRT can realize self-adaptative adjustment, it is not necessary to additionally arranges aerial adjustment equipment, and this TRT controls simple。
The air outlet place of turbine is provided with the exhaust outlet that diameter is gradually increased, such as the tubaeform exhaust outlet in flaring structure。Remittance energy inspissation due to umbrella shape kite, it is greatly improved by the wind speed of turbine, wind power concentration greatly improves, and, owing to the air outlet diameter of turbine is gradually increased, so, the high speed winds passed through forms negative pressuren zone in turbine outlet part, contribute to promoting the pressure reduction that turbine is imported and exported, improve turbine acting ability further。So, after umbrella shape kite and turbine combination, spatial form is similar to convergent increaser, wind energy converges after concentration through umbrella shape kite, forms high speed winds, improves wind power concentration, and the flowing of stable wind can be formed, be conducive to the flight attitude keeping umbrella shape kite stable, be similar to parachute top and open apical pore, reduce eddy current around parachute。It addition, the aerostatics such as one or more fixing lift helium balloon, kite can also be arranged in the exhaust outlet direction of turbine, play the effect adjusting turbine and electromotor attitude。
And, turbine can adopt single-stage or multistage blade, when adopting multistage blade structure, contribute to being greatly reduced blade dimensions and turbine size, reduce turbine weight, and turbine speeds is greatly improved, used compact conformation, the turbine of light weight does work。Due in turbine without High Temperature High Pressure parts, it is possible to select light-dutyer blade construction, reduce weight of equipment further。It addition, for the ease of regulating turbine, the blade construction of this turbine may be arranged as adjustable stator blade fan, by adjusting stator blade fan aperture, it is adjusted into the air quantity of turbine, such that it is able to according to load needs, quick regulator generator power；And, stator blade fan simultaneously works as the high speed winds rectified action for entering turbine。
As in figure 2 it is shown, this turbine and generator mechanical are in transmission connection, position is set can being configured as the case may be of electromotor, such as: arranging before and after electromotor and turbine, electromotor is arranged on before turbine；And can being coaxially disposed between turbine and electromotor, it is also possible to connected by gear train, in the present embodiment, electromotor and turbine are coaxially disposed。As shown in Figure 2, generator amature and turbine rotor are coaxial, generator unit stator and turbine stator are rigidly connected, junction can be truss structure, and, leaving passage (or being called gap) between generator unit stator shell and turbine stator shell, wind energy can enter in turbine through this passage。Both rigid connectors may be arranged to guide vane shape under the premise meeting intensity, plays guide functions before high speed winds is entered turbine。Generator unit stator and turbine stator and umbrella shape kite are directly connected to。Trousers can be arranged in electromotor two ends, such as taper fairing, it is achieved the rectified action to high speed winds。It addition, for the turbine and the gravity balance of electromotor that keep the towing of umbrella shape kite, generally by the turbine arrangement outside at umbrella, i.e. the rear end of opening, generator arrangements in the inside of umbrella, i.e. the front end of opening, as shown in Figure 3。
Generally it is coated with flexible material outside electromotor and turbine stator, slows down in lift work and percussion between ground, to protect equipment。Connected by bearing between electromotor, the stator of turbine and rotor。It addition, the generally optional PM rotor of electromotor；Further, electromotor can be alternating current generator, it is also possible to be DC generator, and the present embodiment is for alternating current generator。
As shown in Figure 3, umbrella shape kite runs in the air at height, after wind enters the windward side of umbrella shape kite, umbrella shape kite realizes concentration, upper-level winds forms high speed winds after umbrella shape kite concentrates, high speed winds drives rotating turbine, and the coaxial electromotor of turbine drives generates electricity, after flaring exhaust outlet through turbine rear end discharge。Owing to turbine function operates with higher rotation speed, then, between turbine and electromotor can between be attached, it is not necessary to use the equipment such as change speed gear box, reduce the overall weight of aerial device；And, coaxial electromotor can be obviously improved output voltage because of high rotating speed, reduce generation current, generator size can be remarkably decreased, wire weight used by generator can be minimized, further, electromotor is connected to the sectional area of the power transmission cable on ground and can significantly reduce, thus reducing the overall weight of device。So, the miniaturization of turbine and electromotor, be conducive to the single-machine capacity of lifting device。
For the ease of controlling the high-altitude part in this TRT, i.e. umbrella shape kite and aerial power generation part, this TRT also includes ground winding plant, ground winding plant is securely fixed on ground or mobile vehicle, this ground winding plant has universal adjustment ability, automatically adjusts along with the change of the direction of motion of umbrella shape kite。This ground winding plant is driven by motor, and ground winding plant is connected to umbrella shape kite by lightweight hawser, can be controlled and adjust the height of umbrella shape kite and the operation that is used for going up to the air, landing by winding plant。Furthermore it is possible to connected by another hawser with between the hawser being connected ground away from the end of turbine by electromotor, run attitude in the air with what keep turbine and electromotor。About cable portions, selection intensity is high, density hawser little, UV resistant, resistance to variations in temperature is needs。At present, market having the hawser of maturation, such as some polymerization wood fiber material, its density only has 1 ton/cubic metre, and intensity is 15 times of iron and steel。Certainly, the condition that also must meet aerial use with material of the aerial device such as airship envelope, canopy, all there is matured product in these markets, here do not illustrate。
It addition, the electric energy output end of electromotor is connected with ground electric device by transmission cable, it is achieved the output of electric energy, transmission cable and hawser are arranged parallel。Transmission cable can be collection transmission of electricity power cable, optical cable, comprehensive hawser for one such as lightning-arrest outermost metal wired tube, fiber beaers。For reducing aerial device weight and being easy to safeguard, the electrical equipment such as electric switch, transformator, electrical control is arranged on ground, so, aerial power generation part is only made up of turbine and electromotor。If wireless power transmission technology maturations such as microwaves, the electric energy output end of electromotor can also carry out electric energy conveying by wireless power transmission mode, so can replace power transmission cable, removes the gravity that power cable produces from。
In order to improve the ceiling of umbrella shape kite further, hawser between umbrella shape kite to ground winding plant can connect and set one or more aerostatics, such as aerostatics such as Helium Airship, helium balloon, parafoil, kites, these aerostatics can produce certain lift, for sharing the weight of hawser with umbrella shape kite, and then reduce the heavy burden of umbrella shape kite。
It addition, for the ease of the lift-off of umbrella shape kite or operation of landing, it is possible to there is following two mode:
The first, the one or more Helium Airship of fixed and arranged, fire balloon, helium balloon or auxiliary kite on umbrella shape kite, Helium Airship, fire balloon, helium balloon or auxiliary kite all can provide extra lift for umbrella shape kite。As shown in Figure 4, one helium balloon of fixed and arranged on umbrella shape kite, provide extra lift for umbrella shape kite, provide initial lift effect when umbrella shape kite goes up to the air operation；Land operation time buffering lift effect is provided, and, also be able to play certain lift effect in high dry running。Or, the crown at umbrella shape kite divide or all sew hang several platypelloid types fill helium air bag, air bag can independently be arranged, does not mutually connect between multiple air bags, and individual bladders leaks or goes wrong and do not affect the normal operation of other air bags；It addition, air bag can make Demountable, it is possible to disassemble from umbrella, it is convenient for changing and safeguards。Or, as shown in Figure 5, on umbrella shape kite, one lift of fixed and arranged is with umbrella shape kite (auxiliary kite), extra lift is provided for umbrella shape kite, initial lift effect is provided when umbrella shape kite goes up to the air operation, land operation time buffering lift effect is provided, and also be able to play certain lift effect in high dry running。It addition, the aerostatics that turbine exhaust outlet place is arranged is except keeping the effect of turbine and the skyborne operation attitude of electromotor, it also has the effect providing certain lift。
The second, when going up to the air operation, it is possible to hanging umbrella shape kite with the outside lift-source such as Helium Airship, helium balloon, fire balloon, helicopter and risen to certain altitude, as shown in Fig. 6-a, winding plant is cable laying rope simultaneously, and cable laying rope speed and lift-off process coordinate；Possessing after self-holding flight performance until umbrella shape kite, outside lift-source breaks off relations with umbrella shape kite, as shown in Fig. 6-b, by winding plant, umbrella shape kite is put into operation highly。When landing operation, by winding plant, umbrella shape kite is received certain altitude, then dock with umbrella shape kite at this At The Height with the outside lift-source such as Helium Airship, helium balloon, fire balloon, helicopter, utilize the lift effect of outside lift-source, winding plant walks away speed and lands process cooperation simultaneously, control umbrella shape kite slowly to land, it is to avoid hard landing。
Further, since the graded of aerial wind speed defers to certain statistical law, in troposphere, it is common that distance ground level is more high, and wind speed is more big。It is possible to adjusted the operation height of umbrella shape kite by ground winding plant, to adjust the parameters such as the wind speed in umbrella shape kite exit, keep umbrella shape kite present position wind speed suitable, and then the power of adjustment electromotor, make generated output as far as possible close to rated power, and will not electromotor overload。Concrete regulate as follows: when power exceedes or during close to set upper limit value (or wind speed exceedes or close to set upper limit value), the operation height of umbrella shape kite is reduced by hoist engine, to be lowered into the wind speed of umbrella shape kite, and then the power of reduction electromotor, so as to meet requirement；Otherwise, when power is below or near to regulation lower limit (or wind speed is below or near to regulation lower limit), improved the operation height of umbrella shape kite by hoist engine, to improve the wind speed entering umbrella shape kite, and then the power of increase electromotor, so as to meet requirement。
Owing to the rotation of the earth is carrying out all the time, it is possible to keep the atmospheric troposphere of the earth can have higher wind speed all the time。And the weight of equipment of the present invention can significantly reduce, it is higher that umbrella shape kite discharges aspect ratio, therefore can be not substantially affected by the impact of quiet wind phase。Even if aerial wind speed is not enough to maintain device underrun, it is also possible to rely on the power that winding plant produces that device is towed back to ground。
As shown in FIG. 7 and 8, this TRT can above can also directly be powered for high aerial load, has such as been arranged around carrier at umbrella shape kite, such as hanging basket, it is provided with high-altitude load in hanging basket, or carrier can also be arranged in the inner space that helium air bag is formed。High-altitude load can be operation equipment needed for aerial operating platform, and aerial work equipment required electric power is provided by electromotor, and implement is directly connected on the output circuit of electromotor。And, the aerostatics at this TRT exhaust outlet place is if dirigible, unmanned plane or other electricity consumption implement, then the electricity consumption apparatus for work that this TRT can be higher height be powered, and is realized the supply of electric energy by cable。
Additionally, the basic demand of the aerial platform normal operation that operates is ensured owing to keeping the energy balance between electromotor and operating platform electric load to be, so in order to keep the energy balance between electromotor and operating platform electric load, following manner can be taked to solve: when generated output is more than operating platform electrical load, power margin transmits to ground；When generated output is lower than operating platform electrical load, deficit power is provided by ground。Or, utilize the scalable stator blade that turbine is arranged to realize balance adjustment, according to the difference between generation load and operating platform electrical load, regulate stator blade aperture, be adjusted into the air quantity of turbine, thus the output of regulator generator, keep the energy balance。
Umbrella shape kite plays the effect of lift-source, and lift-off highly significant is higher than lift-sources such as Helium Airships, and does not do work；Umbrella shape kite is when rear aperture connects turbine, and overall space profile has the feature of convergent increaser, and umbrella shape kite has concentrated wind energy and forms high speed winds effect；The wind power concentration of high speed winds can be very high relative to ground wind speed, under same power, it is possible to driving undersized single-stage or the acting of multi-stage turbine high speed rotating, turbine size and weight are remarkably decreased；The turbine of high speed rotating drives coaxial electromotor to generate electricity, and output voltage can significantly improve, and running current declines, and generator size and weight can be remarkably decreased, and the sectional dimension of power cable and weight to ground can be remarkably decreased；Utilization rate of equipment and installations is high, utilizes the hourage can up to 6000-7000 hour in year。
In above-described embodiment, winding plant and electric device are arranged on the ground, can also arrange aboard ship as other embodiment, winding plant and electric device, the electric energy that high-altitude power generation device sends can used by boats and ships, it is provided that the electric energy needed for the power of ship and needed for daily life；And, the lift of high-altitude power generation device component in the horizontal direction can also provide the power of horizontal direction for ship, reduces the energy expenditure of ship to a certain extent。
In above-described embodiment, give the detailed description of the invention of the annexation of a kind of turbine and electromotor, as other embodiment, arrangement relation between the two is it may also is that as it is shown in figure 9, generator unit stator is fixed on axle, electromotor outer rotor is arranged, being socketed turbine rotor outside generator amature, namely generator amature and turbine rotor integration, be connected on axle through bearing, turbine casing is fixed on axle in end, and forms air inlet and vent in end。The radial connector of air inlet may be arranged to grid-like air inlet fan-shaped, and air intake is carried out rectification。Air inlet and air outlet place, arrange trousers centered by axle, air intake carried out rectification。Compared to coaxially arranged turbine generation unit, which device is more compact, and weight is less, and electromotor occupies axial channel, and the circular ventilating duct of formation, improving further on the basis of wind speed, improves the input torque of turbine, improves wind energy utilization。
High altitude wind energy electricity generation system embodiment 2
High altitude wind energy TRT in the present embodiment is except including all technical characteristic of the TRT of embodiment 1, TRT in the present embodiment also include with umbrella shape kite with the use of air bag, this air bag can be Helium Airship, or the dirigible of other filling gases, the air bag of lighter gas substantially it is filled with due to it, so, in following example, air bag is called dirigible。Dirigible provides part lift-source, and provides protection to the lifting process of turbine and electromotor。
As shown in Figure 10, the rear end of umbrella shape kite and the front end of dirigible are fixedly installed, and dirigible has a vent passages, and upper-level winds can flow successively through the open rearward end of umbrella shape kite and the vent passages of dirigible, finally discharges。Further, the vent passages of dirigible is designed as front end to middle-end to be tapered configuration, middle-end to rear end is the vent passages of flaring structure, and the shape of the cross section of this vent passages can be circular, it is also possible to is square, and the present embodiment is for circle。Owing to this vent passages is convergent flaring structure, then, the middle-end place fixed installation turbine in this passage, so, and the convergent profile of front end, form the passage of concentration wind；The flaring profile of rear end, forms the diffusion admittance completing the wind done work at turbine, and concentration wind is done work by turbine。
Umbrella shape kite runs in the air at height, after wind enters the windward side of umbrella shape kite, the tapered configuration of umbrella shape kite and dirigible all realizes concentration, upper-level winds forms high speed winds successively after the concentration of umbrella shape kite and dirigible, high speed winds drives rotating turbine, the coaxial electromotor of turbine drives generates electricity, after flaring structure through turbine rear end discharge。
And, this dirigible can provide good cushioning effect for device landing process, and protection TRT is by undue percussion。
Additionally, in order to provide extra lift for umbrella shape kite further, umbrella shape kite go up to the air operation time initial lift effect is provided, land operation time provide buffering lift effect, several auxiliary helium air bags independently arranged or auxiliary kite it is being provided with, as shown in Figure 10 with the umbrella of this umbrella shape kite。
When arranging auxiliary balloon, the fusion of umbrella shape kite and Helium Airship, auxiliary balloon is arranged, it is possible to achieve the complementation between the lift of umbrella shape kite, dirigible and the buoyancy of auxiliary balloon。When TRT is in high-altitude, wind speed is high, and the lift that umbrella shape kite provides is big, and atmospheric density is little, and the buoyancy that dirigible, auxiliary balloon provide is little；When being in Near Ground, wind speed is low, and the lift that umbrella shape kite provides is little, and atmospheric density is big, and the buoyancy that dirigible, auxiliary balloon provide is big。
Auxiliary independent air bags with umbrella can be understood as a part for this umbrella shape kite, say, that umbrella shape parakite body part can be designed to be partly or entirely slim airbag structure, and air bag fills helium, and air bag becomes a part for umbrella body；If only setting unit airbag structure, being usually located at the top of umbrella shape kite, lift-off process can help umbrella body to open, and maintains attitude, provides lift-source for umbrella shape kite landing。And, air bag can modularized design, mutually do not connect between multiple air bags, individual bladders leakage does not affect the inflated condition of overall dirigible。
Also have and be exactly, owing to electromotor and motor are reversible, so, TRT is when lift-off is landed, or when the quiet wind phase, by the power-supply system on ground by transmission cable by reverse for electric energy supply generator, this electromotor is changed into motor and operates, the wind-force that operating produces not only can provide extra lift, thus reducing the volume of air bag, and, can ensure that when the quiet wind phase umbrella shape kite will not return to ground because wind-force is too small, make umbrella shape kite still can maintain when the quiet wind phase in the air。
High altitude wind energy electricity generation system embodiment 3
In the present embodiment, high altitude wind energy electricity generation system includes at least two high altitude wind energy TRT, and concrete number is set according to actual needs, and high altitude wind energy TRT has had detailed description in system embodiment 1, no longer illustrates here。
TRT in this system can be separated by a distance layout on a hawser, wherein, all of umbrella shape kite can be connected in series, as shown in figure 11, and the umbrella shape kite of top, its hawser one end is connected to generator end, the umbrella rope of umbrella shape kite is fixedly attached on hawser, and the other end is connected to the turbine end of adjacent umbrella shape kite, the like, each umbrella shape kite realizes series connection by hawser, and the umbrella shape kite of bottommost is connected to ground winding plant。When aloft running, due to the pulling force effect between each hawser, it is possible to what keep turbine and electromotor runs attitude in the air。So, on a main push-towing rope rope, it is possible to many umbrella shape kites of connecting, share a set of ground installation, and, each kite aloft time, can fall at various height, make full use of the wind energy of different floor height。
Further, the electromotor in all of empty wind electricity generating system is arranged in series, and improves the generating voltage of this system with this, as shown in figure 12。Accessing for convenience of electromotor series connection, each generator mark should be consistent。For threephase alternator, the top umbrella shape kite institute outfan with electromotor, according to separate, pass through threephase cable, being connected to the input of adjacent next electromotor, the input of adjacent generator refers to connect the neutral point of this electromotor and opens, the three-phase port that it has。The rest may be inferred, and its outfan of the electromotor of bottommost is connected directly to transmission cable, and is connected to ground electric device。Each electromotor runs with frequency, and synchronous regime pulled mutually into by each rotor。Because the output mechanical power of each turbine is likely to difference, the electromotive power output of each electromotor is consistent with turbine input power, shows as the difference at the merit angle of each generator unit stator, and electrical power is more big, and merit angle is more big。After the series connection of multiple electromotors, the output end voltage of the electromotor of bottom is equal to the vector of voltage between multiple electromotor input/output terminals, magnitude of voltage between the more single electromotor input/output terminal of its value is significantly improved, so, ground electric device can be connected to by the cable that the class of insulation is higher, such that it is able to use the transmission cable of less wire diameter, reduce the heavy burden of umbrella shape kite。Each electromotor is until transmission cable, and its in-phase current value is the same。It addition, the total electric energy after series connection can also be transferred to ground by wireless power transmission mode。
It addition, this gives the operating process when going up to the air, landing of the plurality of umbrella shape kite, certainly, specifically how to operate can carry out as the case may be。In the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 13-a and 13-b, when multiple umbrella shape kites are connected in series, its lift-off, operation of landing are sequentially carried out。Except the umbrella shape kite of bottommost, all the other umbrella shape kites must separately connect lift work hawser and the more small-sized winding plant that ground is corresponding under umbrella, lift work cable length substantially distance between two umbrella shape kites。During lift-off operation, first release top umbrella shape kite, the winding plant release lift work hawser of its correspondence, umbrella shape kite goes up to the air and opens umbrella body；Treat that lift work hawser all discharges complete, by lift work hawser free end system to main push-towing rope rope, it is to avoid it enters in turbine with the wind；Go up to the air other umbrella shape kite successively。Land operation time, after bottommost umbrella shape kite lands and fixes, the lift work hawser under adjacent umbrella shape kite is taken off from main push-towing rope rope, is connected on the hoist engine that this umbrella shape kite is corresponding, this hoist engine walks away, until this umbrella shape kite lands and fixes；Step out from one leg other umbrella shape kite of operation。
During multiple umbrella shape kite arranged in series, the usual total measurement (volume) of air bag of top umbrella shape kite, the volume of dirigible are designed to bigger, and generally the buoyancy of its generation is conducted oneself with dignity more than device, can not realize lift-off by the lift of umbrella shape kite。After the umbrella shape kite lift-off to top, the lift of its generation can drag the umbrella shape kite lift-off operation of lower floor。
High altitude wind energy electricity generation system embodiment 4
In the present embodiment, high altitude wind energy electricity generation system includes at least two high altitude wind energy TRT, and high altitude wind energy TRT has had detailed description in system embodiment 2, no longer illustrates here。
And for the connected mode of each umbrella shape kite, the technical scheme such as connected mode of each electromotor is all made that detailed description in said system embodiment 3, does not repeat here。
High altitude wind energy generating balloon embodiment
As shown in figure 14, this generating air bag includes airbag body and high-altitude power generation part, high-altitude power generation part is made up of turbine and electromotor, airbag body has front end to middle-end to be tapered configuration, middle-end to rear end is the vent passages of flaring structure, turbine is arranged on middle-end place, and turbine and generator mechanical are in transmission connection。
Similar to above-mentioned electricity generation system, arrange before and after electromotor and turbine, electromotor is arranged on the front of turbine, and electromotor and turbine are coaxially disposed；And the front-end and back-end of electromotor are provided with trousers, between electromotor and turbine, it is provided with the gap for ventilating。
It addition, this generating air bag can transfer electrical energy into ground, electric energy is gone out to be transferred to ground by electromotor by transmission cable or by the mode being wirelessly transferred；Or, the electric energy sent need not be transferred to ground, and it is used as the power supply of aerial platform, the electric energy output end of electromotor is directly connected to aerial platform, or it is used as aerial platform to be charged, when being charged, adjusts this air bag and the height of aerial work device, and then aloft carrying out docking by cable at sustained height place air bag and aerial work device, air bag provides charging operation by the electric energy self sent for aerial platform。Aerial work device can be weather monitoring system, transmission signal terminal or aerial dirigible etc.。
The structure focusing on high-altitude power generation device, system and generating air bag of the present invention, specific environment for high-altitude, such as: some region wind speed is relatively stable in the air, environmental selection, aerial navigation channel are hidden, and aerial lightning-arrest, the structure type of mask body device, the layout of ground electric device, control etc. be not all the inventive point of the present invention, do not specifically describe at this。Such as, when controlling this high-altitude power generation device, it is possible to the weather condition according to forecast in real time, before extreme weather occurs, device is recycled to ground。
It is presented above specific embodiment, but the present invention is not limited to described embodiment。The basic ideas of the present invention are in that above-mentioned basic scheme, for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the teachings of the present invention, design the model of various deformation, formula, parameter are not required to cost creative work。The change, amendment, replacement and the modification that without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention embodiment are carried out still fall within protection scope of the present invention。
Claims (10)
1. a high altitude wind energy electricity generation system, it is characterized in that, described electricity generation system includes at least one high altitude wind energy TRT, described TRT includes umbrella shape kite and high-altitude power generation part, described high-altitude power generation part is made up of turbine and electromotor, front end to the rear end of described umbrella shape kite is tapered configuration, the open rearward end of described kite, described opening part is fixedly installed described turbine, this turbine and generator mechanical are in transmission connection, described electromotor has for connecting cable or for electric energy is exported to the electric energy output end on ground by wireless power transmission mode, described cable is for exporting ground by the electric energy sent；
When electricity generation system includes at least two high altitude wind energy TRT, the electromotor in all of high altitude wind energy TRT is arranged in series。
2. high altitude wind energy electricity generation system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the rear end of the opening of described umbrella shape kite is provided with an air bag, the rear end of the front end of this air bag and described umbrella shape kite is fixedly installed, described air bag has front end to middle-end to be tapered configuration, middle-end to rear end is the vent passages of flaring structure, and described turbine is arranged on described middle-end place。
3. high altitude wind energy electricity generation system according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that arranging before and after electromotor and turbine, electromotor is arranged on the front of turbine, and electromotor and turbine are coaxially disposed。
4. high altitude wind energy electricity generation system according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, on described umbrella shape kite, stationary cloth is equipped with at least one for providing lift when umbrella shape kite goes up to the air, providing the auxiliary balloon of buffering when umbrella shape kite lands or assist kite。
5. high altitude wind energy electricity generation system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the front-end and back-end of described electromotor are provided with trousers, are provided with the gap for ventilating between electromotor and turbine。
6. high altitude wind energy electricity generation system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described electromotor is arranged on the front end of described opening, and described turbine is arranged on the rear end of described opening, and the rear end of described turbine is provided with a tubaeform exhaust outlet in flaring structure。
7. high altitude wind energy electricity generation system according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that described electricity generation system also includes ground winding plant, described ground winding plant is connected with the umbrella shape kite in TRT by hawser。
8. a high altitude wind energy generating air bag, it is characterized in that, including airbag body and high-altitude power generation part, described high-altitude power generation part is made up of turbine and electromotor, described airbag body has front end to middle-end to be tapered configuration, middle-end to rear end is the vent passages of flaring structure, described turbine is arranged on described middle-end place, and described turbine and generator mechanical are in transmission connection。
9. high altitude wind energy according to claim 8 generating air bag, it is characterised in that arranging before and after described electromotor and turbine, electromotor is arranged on the front of turbine, and electromotor and turbine are coaxially disposed。
10. high altitude wind energy according to claim 9 generating air bag, it is characterised in that the front-end and back-end of described electromotor are provided with trousers, are provided with the gap for ventilating between electromotor and turbine。
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| CN201610200583.1A CN105697238A (en) | 2016-03-31 | 2016-03-31 | High-altitude wind energy power generation system and high-altitude wind energy power generation air bag |
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| CN109667719A (en) * | 2019-02-13 | 2019-04-23 | 王明意 | A kind of efficient electricity generation system using wind-force |
| CN110621876A (en) * | 2017-05-11 | 2019-12-27 | 维斯塔斯风力系统有限公司 | Wind turbine and onboard wind energy system sharing yaw system |
| RU203983U1 (en) * | 2021-01-21 | 2021-04-29 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Российский государственный аграрный университет-МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева" (ФГБОУ ВО РГАУ-МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева) | Device for generating electrical energy |
| CN114439680A (en) * | 2022-02-11 | 2022-05-06 | 重庆交通大学 | Wing-type canopy high-altitude power generation system |
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Application publication date: 20160622 |