CN105697032A - Support method - Google Patents

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses a support method, which relates to the technical field of surrounding rock support. The support method includes: preliminarily forming a hose of a predetermined length at a working position; injecting grout into the inside of the hose through a grouting port, and the hose swells under the pressure of the slurry, and the inside of the hose At the same time, the gas is discharged to the outside of the hose through the exhaust device installed on the hose. After the hose is filled with slurry, the exhaust device is closed; continue to inject slurry inside the hose , under the action of grout pressure, the hose expands to actively apply pressure to the surrounding rock; after the pressure inside the hose reaches a predetermined pressure, the grouting port is closed; the grout injected into the hose solidification. The invention is suitable for the support of surrounding rocks.

Description

a method of support

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of support, in particular to a flexible support and a support method.

Background technique

Rigid metal brackets are often used in underground engineering, especially mine roadways, secondary support of mine roadways, and mountain tunnels, including U-shaped steel brackets, I-shaped steel brackets, and steel pipe concrete brackets. The common characteristics are:

(1) The bracket is processed and formed on the ground, transported to the ground in multiple arcs, and assembled at the work site, and the installation process is complicated.

(2) The linear density of the support is high, and the installation is difficult. Generally, it is necessary to build a scaffold first and then install the support. The installation speed is slow and the labor intensity of the workers is high.

(3) Most of the brackets are made of steel, the overall weight of the bracket is large, and the cost of the bracket is relatively high.

Contents of the invention

The embodiment of the present invention provides a support method with low cost and easy installation.

An embodiment of the present invention provides a support method, including:

Preliminary forming of a predetermined length of hose at the working position;

Slurry is injected into the hose through the grouting port, and the hose expands under the pressure of the slurry, and the gas inside the hose is discharged to the hose through the exhaust device installed on the hose. outside the hose, after the hose is filled with slurry, the exhaust device is closed;

Continue to inject grout into the hose, and under the action of the grout pressure, the hose expands to actively exert pressure on the surrounding rock;

After the pressure inside the hose reaches a predetermined pressure, the grouting port is closed;

The slurry injected into the hose solidifies.

Optionally, before preliminarily forming a predetermined length of hose at the working position, the method includes:

A tensile cord is threaded inside the hose;

Fixing the ends of the tensile cords on the grouting port device, or connecting the two ends of the tensile cords together;

The grouting port device is sealingly connected with the end of the hose.

Optionally, the preliminarily forming the predetermined length of the hose at the working position includes: initially forming the predetermined length of the hose at the working position into a horseshoe shape, a circle, an ellipse or a semicircular arch.

Optionally, the continuous injection of grout into the hose, under the action of the grout pressure, the hose expands to actively exert pressure on the surrounding rock, including:

Continue to inject grout into the hose, and under the action of the grout pressure, the curved hose actively exerts pressure on the surrounding rock.

Optionally, the support method also includes:

When grouting inside the hose, if the pressure inside the hose exceeds a predetermined pressure, release the pressure through a pressure relief device; and/or

After the grouting inside the hose is completed, the grouting port is closed, and before the grout filled in the hose solidifies, when the surrounding rock deforms and compresses the hose, causing the internal pressure of the hose to rise, the pressure relief device Perform pressure relief.

Optionally, a metal wire is arranged in the side wall of the hose; the exhaust device includes a body, and there is an exhaust hole inside the body, the size of the inlet end of the exhaust hole is larger than the size of the outlet end, and the exhaust hole The air hole is provided with a plug; the end of the inlet end of the air vent is provided with a mesh body, the outer periphery of the inlet end is provided with barbs, and the outer periphery of the outlet end is provided with a flange;

Before threading the tensile cord in the hose, the method also includes:

Utilize the barb on the outer periphery of the inlet end of the vent hole of the exhaust device to pierce the side wall of the hose so that the inlet end of the vent hole enters the hose, and the barb on the periphery of the inlet end is in contact with the outer periphery of the hose. Corresponding to the metal wire arranged in the side wall of the hose, the flange on the outer periphery of the outlet end of the exhaust hole is in close contact with the outer wall of the hose.

A support method provided by the embodiment of the present invention uses a hose as the support body, which is low in cost and convenient for transportation and installation. After the grout injected into the hose through the grouting port device solidifies, it can provide rigid support. effect.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative work.

Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of embodiment of support method of the present invention;

Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 are the shape of the flexible pipe of predetermined length in the working position in the embodiment of the support method of the present invention;

Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 are respectively the stent structures formed by the solidification of the injected slurry of the hoses of the shapes shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3;

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the grouting port device 2 installed on the horseshoe-shaped hose shown in Fig. 3;

Fig. 7 is a structural schematic diagram of the self-sealing structure in the grouting port device in an open state;

Fig. 8 is a structural schematic diagram of the self-sealing structure in the grouting port device being in a closed state;

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of the grouting port device 2 installed on the semicircular arched hose shown in Fig. 2;

Fig. 10 is a structural schematic diagram of a pressure relief device in an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view of the exhaust device in the embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 12 is a bottom view of the exhaust device in the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 13 is a schematic structural view of another exhaust device in an embodiment of the present invention.

detailed description

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

It should be clear that the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of the support method of the present invention. Referring to Fig. 1, a kind of supporting method of the embodiment of the present invention comprises steps:

S11. Preliminarily forming a hose with a predetermined length at the working position;

In this embodiment, the hose can be a hose with metal wires on the side wall, or a warp and latitude mesh pipe or a PVC (Polyvinylchloride) pipe, etc., as long as it is easy to fold and bend and has the required tensile strength. .

The hose can be cut into a predetermined length in advance and then transported to the workplace; a certain length of hose can also be temporarily cut according to the perimeter of the site excavation space.

Can adopt one or several support devices L such as hydraulic point column or common steel pipe, also can use the metal wire that is connected with the anchor bar or 1 set of flexible pipe to prop up the flexible pipe, preliminarily shaped. The supporting device has a supporting and guiding function to prevent the sideways of the bracket. Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 are the shapes of the predetermined length of the hose in the working position in the embodiment of the support method of the present invention.

S12. Inject grout into the hose through the grouting port, the hose expands under the pressure of the grout, and the gas inside the hose is simultaneously discharged to the Outside the hose, after the hose is filled with slurry, the exhaust device is closed;

In this embodiment, the grouting equipment can be used to pour the grouting slurry into the cavity of the hose 1 through the grouting port device 2, and the exhaust device 3 closes the vent hole after filling. Grouting equipment, in addition to concrete delivery pumps, can also have hydraulic pumps, oil pressure pumps and other equipment.

S13. Continue to inject grout into the hose, and under the action of the grout pressure, the hose expands to actively apply pressure to the surrounding rock;

In this embodiment, the grout is continuously injected, and under the action of the grouting pressure, the arc-shaped hose expands outward to the surrounding rock wall, and exerts pressure on the surrounding rock wall to actively support the surrounding rock.

S14. After the pressure inside the hose reaches a predetermined pressure, the grouting port is closed;

In this embodiment, when the pressure inside the hose reaches the predetermined design pressure, the grouting is stopped, the grouting port is closed, the pressure in the hose cavity is kept constant, the hose forming effect is ensured, and pressure is always generated on the surrounding rock, actively Support surrounding rock.

S15, the slurry injected into the hose is solidified.

In this embodiment, after the design time has elapsed, the grouting slurry solidifies and does not shrink or expand slightly, ensuring that the cavity of the hose is always filled densely, forming a rigid support to support the surrounding rock.

In this embodiment, through the above steps, the hose can be turned into a rigid support to support the surrounding rock.

The semi-circular arched hose shown in Figure 2 can form the bracket structure shown in Figure 4 after the injected slurry solidifies; the circular hose shown in Figure 3 can form the bracket structure shown in Figure 5 after the injected slurry solidifies bracket structure.

The support method provided by the embodiment of the present invention uses a hose as the support body, which is low in cost and convenient for transportation and installation. After the grout injected into the hose through the grouting port device solidifies, it can play the role of rigid support. Moreover, it can actively apply pressure to the surrounding rock for active support.

In the aforementioned embodiment of the support method, optionally, before preliminarily forming a flexible hose of a predetermined length at the working position (S11), the method includes: threading a tensile flexible wire 4 in the flexible hose; The end of the tensile cord 4 is fixed on the grouting port device 2, or the two ends of the tensile cord are connected together; the grouting port device 2 and the end of the hose 1 Head seal connection.

In this embodiment, the tensile flexible wire 4 pierced in the hose is used as a built-in rib after the slurry is solidified, which can improve the radial inward bending moment and tangential bearing capacity of the flexible bracket, and also play a role in fixing the flexibility. The inner arc length of the stent controls the effect of the stent forming.

In this embodiment, the hose 1 may have a diameter of 200 mm, and steel wires are laid on the inner wall; the tensile flexible wire 4 is one or more steel strands with a diameter of 22 mm.

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of the grouting port device 2 installed on the circular hose shown in FIG. 3 . Referring to FIG. 6, the grouting port device 2 includes a connection end 21 and a grouting end 22 disposed on the connection end; wherein, the connection end 21 includes a first connection end 211 and a second connection end end 212, the first connecting end 211 is sealingly connected with the first end of the hose 1, and the second connecting end 212 is sealingly connected with the second end of the hose 1; the first connecting end 211 and/or the second connecting end 211 A component 213 for fixing the end of the tensile flexible cord 4 is arranged inside the two connecting ends 212 . The component 213 fixing the end of the tensile cord 4 can be a post or a hook, one or two or more.

Optionally, the surface of the first connecting end 211 and/or the second connecting end 212 has a certain groove, and the shape of the groove can be rectangular, triangular, or arc-shaped, so as to facilitate tight fixing with the end of the hose and prevent slurry leakage .

The connecting end 21 and the grouting end 22 of the grouting port device 2 can be straight pipes or bent pipes, and the cross-section can also be rectangular, square, triangular, arc-shaped or the like. The inner cavity of the grouting end 22 can be a parallel pipeline, and can also be tapered, circular, trapezoidal, stepped or irregular in shape with a sealing effect.

Fig. 7 is a structural schematic diagram of the self-sealing structure in the grouting port device in an open state; Fig. 8 is a structural schematic diagram of the self-sealing structure in the grouting port device in a closed state.

Referring to Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, in this embodiment, the grouting port device 2 is provided with a self-closing structure; wherein,

The self-sealing structure includes a traction part 23, a connecting part 24 and a closure part 25; the traction part 23 is located in the grouting terminal 22, and the closure part 25 is located in the connection terminal 21 and can The passage between the inside of the grouting end 22 and the inside of the connecting end 21 is closed, and the connecting part 24 connects the traction part 23 and the closing part 25; when grouting, the grout pushes the traction part under pressure. The part moves to the inside of the grouting end, and the traction part pushes the closing part through the connecting part to change the passage between the inside of the grouting end and the inside of the connecting end from a closed state to a conducting state; After the grouting is completed, the closing part resets under the action of the traction part and the connecting part, and closes the passage between the inside of the grouting end and the inside of the connecting end again. Force can be manually applied to the traction part, and the closing part can be pulled back through the connecting part, or the closing part can be reset automatically under the action of the reset spring force.

Optionally, the stopper 26 prevents the traction member 23 from entering the cavity inside the connecting terminal 21 . The blocking head 26 may be located in the grouting head 22 close to the cavity inside the connection head 21 .

Optionally, the traction component is a ring or a plate with holes; the connecting component is a connecting rod; and the closing component is a circular steel plate.

Preferably, a spring is sheathed on the connecting rod, one end of the spring can abut against the traction member, and the other end can abut against the stopper.

During grouting, the grouting pressure acts on the closing part to open the closing part for grouting. After the grouting is completed, the grouting pressure acting on the closing part disappears, and the closing part can be filled with the help of the spring and the hose. The pressure of the grout automatically resets; wherein, the stopper can prevent the traction part from entering the cavity inside the connection end; the stopper is located in the grouting end close to the cavity inside the connection end.

Certainly, the spring may not be installed, and after the grouting is finished, the grouting pressure acting on the closing part disappears, and the closing part can automatically reset only by the pressure of the injected grout inside the hose.

Optionally, in another embodiment of the grouting port device 2, a one-way valve is arranged in the grouting port device 2, and the one-way valve is opened during grouting, and after the grouting end condition is reached, the one-way valve is closed to prevent the grout from seeping leak.

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of the grouting port device 2 installed on the semicircular arched hose shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 4 . Referring to Fig. 4, the grouting port device includes a first grouting port device 27 and a second grouting port device 28; referring to Fig. 9, the first grouting port device 27 includes a first connecting terminal 271 and is arranged on the The grouting end 272 on the first connection end; one end of the first connection end 271 is a connection end, and the other end is a closed end; the connection end of the first connection end 271 is connected to the hose 1 The first end of the first end is sealed and connected; the first connection end 271 is provided with a component 273 for fixing the end of one end of the tensile cord 4; the structure of the second grouting port device 28 is the same as that of the first grouting The structure of the port device 27 is the same and will not be repeated here. In this embodiment, the grouting port device 2 is also provided with a self-sealing structure; the self-sealing structure is basically the same as the self-sealing structure in the grouting port device in the previous embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

In the aforementioned embodiment of the support method, optionally, the preliminary forming (S11) of the predetermined length of the hose at the working position includes: initially forming the predetermined length of the hose at the working position into a horseshoe shape, a circle, an ellipse or semicircular arch.

In this embodiment, the hose with a predetermined length can be preliminarily formed into a semicircular arch at the working position, as shown in FIG. 2 ; or the hose with a predetermined length can be initially formed into a circle at the working position, as shown in FIG. 3 .

In the aforementioned embodiment of the support method, optionally, the continuous injection of grout into the hose, under the action of the grout pressure, the hose expands to actively exert pressure on the surrounding rock (S13), including :

Continue to inject grout into the hose, and under the action of the grout pressure, the curved hose actively exerts pressure on the surrounding rock.

In this embodiment, the tensile flexible wire 4 passed through the hose constrains the length of the hose, especially the length of the inner arc, so as to control the arc length of the arc-shaped bracket, thereby assisting the shaping of the bracket.

In the aforementioned embodiment of the support method, optionally, the support method further includes:

When grouting inside the hose, if the pressure inside the hose exceeds the predetermined pressure, the pressure relief device is used to release the pressure in order to discharge the filling slurry in time, reduce the pressure of the slurry in the hose, and prevent the pressure in the hose from being too large Damage to the hose and its connected components; and/or

After the grouting inside the hose is completed, the grouting port is closed, and before the grout filled in the hose solidifies, when the surrounding rock deforms and compresses the hose, causing the internal pressure of the hose to rise, the pressure relief device Perform pressure relief to prevent deformation of the surrounding rock. Compressing the hose causes the grouting pressure in the hose to increase, so that the hose (flexible support) has an active pressure-relieving effect.

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a pressure relief device in an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 10 , the pressure relief device can be arranged on the grouting port device 2 .

The pressure relief device includes a fixing part 51 , a connecting part 52 , a closing part 53 , a stopper 54 and a barrel 55 . When the pressure in the cavity of the hose 1 exceeds the design pressure, under the mechanical traction or manual traction, the connecting part 52 drives the closing part 53 away from the stopper 54, the slurry is discharged out of the flexible hose 1, and the pressure in the cavity of the hose 1 is reduced to After the design value, the connecting part 52 pulls the closing part 53 to the stopper 54 to close the hose 1 to prevent slurry leakage and keep the pressure in the cavity of the hose or the flexible bracket constant. The connecting member 52 may be a spring.

Pressure relief device 5 also can adopt commonly used pressure relief valve.

Fig. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the exhaust device in the embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 12 is a bottom view of the exhaust device in the embodiment of the present invention.

In the aforementioned embodiment of the support method, optionally, a metal wire (not shown) is arranged in the side wall of the hose; referring to Fig. 11 and Fig. 12 , the exhaust device 3 includes a body 31, There is a vent hole 32 inside the body 31, the size of the inlet port 321 of the vent hole 32 is greater than the size of the outlet port 322, and a plug 33 is provided in the vent hole 32; the end of the inlet port 321 of the vent hole A mesh body 34 is provided at the top, a barb 35 is provided on the outer periphery of the inlet end 321 , and a flange 36 is arranged on the outer periphery of the outlet end 322 .

Before the tensile flexible wire is threaded in the hose, the method further includes: using the barb on the outer periphery of the inlet end of the vent hole of the exhaust device to pierce the side wall of the hose so that the vent hole The inlet end of the exhaust hole enters the hose, the barbs on the periphery of the inlet end correspond to the metal wires arranged in the side wall of the hose, and the flange on the outer periphery of the outlet end of the vent hole is close to the the outer wall of the hose.

The flange 36 has the function of preventing the entire exhaust device from being driven into the hose, and at the same time has the function of blocking the gap between the exhaust device 3 and the hose 1 . The barb 35 can penetrate the hose wall under the action of knocking, and its own barb structure can be stuck on the steel wire laid on the hose wall, preventing the exhaust device 3 from breaking away from the hose 1 under the grouting pressure.

Fig. 13 is a schematic structural view of another exhaust device in an embodiment of the present invention. The exhaust device 3 is a T-shaped structure, which is composed of a connecting terminal 51a and an exhaust hole 52a. The connection end 51a is tightly connected with the hose to prevent slurry leakage, and the main function of the vent hole 52a is to discharge gas and slurry in the chamber. The structure of the vent hole 52a can adopt a self-sealing structure similar to that in the grouting port device 2 .

In addition to supporting the surrounding rock in underground engineering, the embodiment of the flexible support of the present invention can also be used in ground engineering, using built-in tensile flexible wires to assist its forming, or pouring and molding under the wrapping of an annular mold to form a rigid structure, which plays a role support or suspension.

The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Anyone skilled in the art can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention. All should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (6)

1. A method of supporting, comprising the steps of:

preliminarily forming a hose with a preset length at a working position;

injecting grout into the hose through a grouting opening, wherein the hose expands under the pressure of the grout, gas in the hose is simultaneously discharged to the outside of the hose through a gas discharging device arranged on the hose, and the gas discharging device is closed after the hose is filled with the grout;

continuously injecting grout into the hose, wherein the hose expands to actively apply pressure to the surrounding rock under the action of the grout pressure;

after the pressure in the hose reaches a preset pressure, the grouting opening is closed;

and solidifying the slurry injected into the hose.

2. A method of bracing a flexible stent as claimed in claim 1, wherein prior to initially forming a predetermined length of hose in the work position, the method comprises:

a tensile flexible wire is arranged in the hose in a penetrating way;

fixing the end of the tensile cord on a grouting opening device, or connecting the two ends of the tensile cord together;

and connecting the grouting opening device with the end of the hose in a sealing way.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the preliminary forming of the predetermined length of hose at the work site comprises: a hose of predetermined length is initially formed in the operating position in the shape of a horseshoe, a circular oval or a semi-circular arch.

4. The method for supporting a flexible stent according to claim 3, wherein the step of continuously injecting grout into the hose, wherein the hose is under the action of the grout pressure, and the hose is expanded to actively apply pressure to the surrounding rock comprises the following steps:

and continuously injecting grout into the hose, wherein the arc hose actively applies pressure to the surrounding rock under the action of grout pressure.

5. A method of supporting a flexible stent as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising:

when grouting is carried out in the hose, if the pressure in the hose exceeds the preset pressure, pressure is relieved through a pressure relief device; and/or

And after the grouting is finished in the hose, and after the grouting opening is sealed, before the grout filled in the hose is solidified, surrounding rock deforms and compresses the hose to cause the pressure in the hose to rise, and the pressure is relieved through the pressure relief device.

6. The method for supporting the flexible support according to claim 1, wherein the side wall of the flexible pipe is internally provided with metal wires; the exhaust device comprises a body, wherein an exhaust hole is formed in the body, the size of an inlet end of the exhaust hole is larger than that of an outlet end of the exhaust hole, and a plug is arranged in the exhaust hole; the end part of the inlet end of the exhaust hole is provided with a net-shaped body, the periphery of the inlet end is provided with barbs, and the periphery of the outlet end is provided with a flange;

before threading a tensile cord within the hose, the method further comprises:

utilize the barb of exhaust device's exhaust hole's entry end periphery pierces through the lateral wall of hose, makes the entry end in exhaust hole get into in the hose, entry end peripheral barb with lay in the lateral wall of hose the wire corresponds, and the flange of the exit end periphery in exhaust hole is hugged closely the outer wall of hose.