CN105675395A - Testing system for interfacial stress transmission mechanism of soil anchorage body and testing method - Google Patents
Testing system for interfacial stress transmission mechanism of soil anchorage body and testing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105675395A CN105675395A CN201610070116.1A CN201610070116A CN105675395A CN 105675395 A CN105675395 A CN 105675395A CN 201610070116 A CN201610070116 A CN 201610070116A CN 105675395 A CN105675395 A CN 105675395A
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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Abstract
The invention discloses a testing system for an interfacial stress transmission mechanism of a soil anchorage body and a testing method. The system comprises a testing device, a stress and a displacement measurement system, a tensile testing machine and an optical collection system, wherein the testing device is used for embedding an anchor rod of the anchorage body as well as sensors and is a semi-circular vertical tank body; before a test, a mortar anchorage body is manufactured on the anchor rod firstly and loaded in the vertical tank body, a soil sample is added, a movable cover plate is mounted, and the testing device is formed; a tensile/displacement sensor and a micro pressure sensor are connected with a data collection instrument and a computer, and a CCD camera system is aligned to the transparent surface of the testing device; when the tensile testing machine works, the data collection instrument collects tensile/displacement and pressure data, a unified data file is formed and transmitted to the computer, and meanwhile, the CCD camera system records the change condition and related data of the whole testing process through the transparent surface of the testing device. According to the system and the method, basis is provided for establishment and research of the interfacial deformation and failure rule of the soil anchorage body.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of testing apparatus, particularly relate to the testing apparatus of research soil layer anchor pole anchor, anchorage cable anchoring mechanism.
Background technology
Soil layer anchoring is the technology carrying out bar planting or reinforcing in the rock mass of soil layer or fragmentation, is an important component part in geotechnical engineering in modern age field. Along with China builds Infrastructure energetically, particularly to the increasing of traffic, the energy, water conservancy and urban infrastructure construction dynamics, anchoring has shown very wide application prospect. Although the range of application of soil layer anchoring is wider, new anchorage style (such as tension type, pressure-type, expansion footpath type, mixed type and many n-ary form ns thereof) constantly occurs, but understanding and theoretical investigation to its anchor mechanism relatively lag behind, also there is no a kind of engineering design theory that can obtain extensively accreditation at present, entirety is in the empirical design stage, also has many problems to await further solution. Due to the character complicacy of the soil body, soil layer anchoring engineering occurs that the phenomenon that disease is even had an accident is of common occurrence, brings great potential safety hazard to engineering construction, and serious even causes engineering interruption, loss of life and personal injury and bring great financial loss. Therefore it is be of great significance to the research of soil layer anchorage theory and application.
The basis of soil layer anchoring body theoretical investigation, first stress and displacement distribution situation under the effect of load, between soil layer and anchoring body should test soil layer anchoring body. In conventional research work, people have carried out a large amount of on-the-spot test and the macromechanics behavior to disclose anchoring body is studied in macroscopic view experiment. Certain people have also noted the thin sight characteristic of anchoring body and soil contact face, distribution mode of contact stresses when M.R.Dyer photoelasticity test investigates the effect relative to " soil " of various geosynthetics. The pyrex of this test " soil sample " used for pulverizing, test is immersed in the whiteruss with glass with identical specific refractory power and carries out, and observes with polarizer, obtain photoelastic figure and analyze after adding lotus under circular polarized light irradiates. Y.Yoshimi and T.Kishida carries out shearing test, buries little shot in sand underground, is followed the trail of the position of shot by X-ray, observes the motion rule of particle on contact surface.Loud, high-pitched sound etc. establishes follows the tracks of and measures the micro-measure algorithm of soil particle motion, has worked out corresponding software, has been moved by the soil particle in coarse grained soil and structure interface shearing test process and measured. These experimental techniques all adopt planar approach (plane stress or plane strain) to carry out, and have bigger difference with the rotational symmetry characteristic of anchor system, can not reflect that the phenomenon that body is swollen and produces radial pressure occurs in anchoring body interface deformation.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to for soil layer anchoring body interfacial stress transport mechanism research needs, a kind of soil layer anchoring body interfacial stress transport mechanism pilot system of invention, provides this systematic testing method simultaneously.
Technical scheme is: a kind of soil layer anchoring body interfacial stress transport mechanism pilot system, it is characterised in that, it is made up of the testing apparatus for burying anchoring body anchor pole and sensor underground, Stress and displacement measurement system, tension testing machine and optical system for collecting; Wherein:
The described testing apparatus burying anchoring body and sensor underground, comprising a section is the vertical cabinet of semicircle shape, is namely smooth plate before vertical cabinet, and all the other side faces are semi arch housing, and at least plane housing should be transparent; Being loaded with soil sample in vertical cabinet, the removable cover being provided with semicircle above of soil sample, removable cover is provided with hole, the position in hole should be arranged in position, the center of circle, passing hole installs the anchor pole being manufactured with anchoring body around, the fixing upper pull bar in vertical cabinet bottom surface, and pull bar and anchor pole are on the same axis; The different heights of vertical cabinet wall is provided with some wire holes;
Described Stress and displacement measurement system, comprise be located at anchoring body upper end pulling force/displacement sensor, the micro pressure sensor being embedded in vertical cabinet soil layer on different heights, the data gathering instrument being connected on the sensor, the computer for data processing being connected in data gathering instrument and image card;
Described tension testing machine is provided with the upper fixture clamping testing apparatus anchor pole head and the lower clamp clamping testing apparatus pull bar, for testing apparatus provides the pulling force required for test;
Described optical system for collecting is the CCD camera system being arranged on testing apparatus outside, observes, monitors and calculate displacement field and the strain field of anchoring body and soil layer for adopting Experiments of Optics method.
Further, described vertical cabinet is connected to form by semicircle housing and transparent front baffle board two portions, and both wings and the transparent front baffle board of semicircle housing are bolted together by clamping plate. Described soil sample casing arranges fixed and movable cover plate up and down respectively, and the effect of removable cover is after loading soil sample, fixes with bolt and casing.
Further, described transparent flat shelves plate adopts toughened glass, directly to observe or soil sample particle displacement deformation strain state and motion rule under employing Experiments of Optics method observation loading action.
Further, the anchoring body made around described anchor pole is the anchoring body of the semicircle section that mortar material makes.
Further, described semicircle diameter of the housing is 40mm.
Further, described anchor pole adopts the Twisted Steel of φ 16.
The test method of the present invention is:
Before the first step, test, first on anchor pole, make mortar anchoring body, fixing upper pulling force/displacement sensor in mortar anchoring body upper end, and temporarily fixing with adhesive tape on different heights in three-dimensional casing on micro pressure sensor, after 28 days, mortar anchoring body anchor pole is loaded in three-dimensional casing until mortar anchoring body maintenance, add soil sample, according to the requirement of soil sample degree of compactness successively tamping, then load onto removable cover, form testing apparatus;
2nd step, being arranged on tension testing machine by testing apparatus, during installation, the upper lower clamp of tension testing machine clamps anchor pole head and the pull bar of testing apparatus respectively, and ensures transparent one side outwardly; After testing apparatus is fixing, the wire of pulling force/displacement sensor and micro pressure sensor is passed from wire hole, after passing, connects data acquisition instrument, data gathering instrument is connected with image card and computer again; CCD camera system is arranged in testing apparatus opposite, ensures transparent of camera alignment testing apparatus;
3rd step, ready, start test, start tension testing machine, load with displacement pattern, data collecting instrument gathers pulling force/displacement and pressure data, form unified data file and send computer to, compare, calculate, treatment and analysis, to obtain the Changing Pattern of the radial pressure that the increase along with anchoring body load and displacement produces; Transparent of CCD camera system permeability test device records the changing conditions of whole process of the test and relevant data simultaneously, Experiments of Optics method is adopted to calculate displacement field and the strain field of anchoring body and soil layer according to relevant data again, for foundation and research soil layer anchoring body interface deformation failure regularity provide foundation.
The positively effect of the present invention is:
1. owing to adopting semicircle vertical cabinet, it is possible to the rotational symmetry feature that simulation anchoring body load transmits.
2. owing to front baffle plate is transparent, there is test visual, direct observational method can be adopted or directly observe anchoring body the motion rule of soil particle and the distortion of anchoring body and soil sample and state of strain under loading action by means of Experiments of Optics method.
3. micro pressure sensor by being arranged in box body wall, can obtain the changing conditions of the radial pressure produced along with the increase of anchoring body load and displacement.
4. cut-and-try work can carry out on general conventional material mechanics tester, it is not necessary to configure dedicated experimental installation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the front view of embodiments of the invention testing apparatus;
The side-view of Fig. 2 Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the vertical view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is the vertical view of the three-dimensional casing of another embodiment;
Fig. 5 is experimental system schematic diagram of the present invention.
In figure: 1-vertical cabinet, 2-removable cover, 3-anchor pole, 4-soil sample 5-hole, the upper fixture of 6-, 7-sensor conductor hole, 8-micro pressure sensor, the transparent front baffle board of 9-, 10-semi arch housing, 11-clamping plate, 12-pull bar, 13-anchoring body, 14-tension testing machine, 15-image card, 16-computer, 17-data conversion instrument, 18-optical system for collecting, 19-pulling force/displacement sensor.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and example, the present invention is further detailed;
As shown in Figure 5, a kind of soil layer anchoring body interfacial stress transport mechanism pilot system, is made up of the testing apparatus for burying anchoring body anchor pole and sensor underground, Stress and displacement measurement system, tension testing machine 14 and optical system for collecting 18; Wherein:
The described testing apparatus burying anchoring body and sensor underground as Figure 1-3, comprises the vertical cabinet 1 that a section is semicircle shape, is namely smooth plate before vertical cabinet 1, and all the other side faces are semi arch housing 10, and at least plane housing should be transparent; Soil sample 4 it is loaded with in vertical cabinet 1, the removable cover 2 being provided with semicircle above of soil sample 4, removable cover 2 is provided with hole 5, the position in hole 5 should be arranged in the position, the center of circle of removable cover 2, passing hole 5 installs the anchor pole 3 being manufactured with anchoring body 13 around, the fixing upper pull bar 12 in vertical cabinet 1 bottom surface, pull bar 12 and anchor pole 3 are on the same axis;The different heights of vertical cabinet 1 wall is provided with some sensor conductor holes 7;
Described Stress and displacement measurement system, comprise be located at anchoring body 13 upper end pulling force/displacement sensor 19, the micro pressure sensor 8 being embedded in vertical cabinet soil sample 4 on different heights, the data gathering instrument 17 that is connected on micro pressure sensor 8, the computer 16 of the data processing being connected in data gathering instrument 17 and image card 15.
Described tension testing machine 14 is provided with the upper fixture 6 clamping testing apparatus anchor pole 3 and the lower clamp clamping testing apparatus pull bar 12, and tension testing machine 14 provides the pulling force required for test for testing apparatus;
Described optical system for collecting 18 is the CCD camera system being arranged on testing apparatus outside, observes, monitors and calculate displacement field and the strain field of anchoring body and soil layer for adopting Experiments of Optics method;
Further, described vertical cabinet 1 as shown in Figure 4, is connected to form by semi arch housing 10 and transparent front baffle board 9 two portions, and both wings and the transparent front baffle board 9 of semi arch housing 10 are bolted together by clamping plate 11.
Further, the anchoring body of the semicircle section that anchoring body 13 makes for mortar material.
Further, semi arch housing 10 diameter is 40mm.
Further, anchor pole 3 adopts the Twisted Steel of φ 16.
The test method of the present invention is,
Before the first step, use-testing, first on anchor pole 3, make mortar anchoring body 13, fixing upper pulling force/displacement sensor 19 in mortar anchoring body 13 upper end, and temporarily fixing with adhesive tape on different heights in three-dimensional casing 1 on micro pressure sensor 8, after 28 days, mortar anchoring body anchor pole 3 is loaded in three-dimensional casing 1 until mortar anchoring body 13 maintenance, add soil sample 4, according to the requirement tamping successively of soil sample 4 degree of compactness, then load onto removable cover 2, form testing apparatus;
2nd step, testing apparatus is arranged on tension testing machine 14, clamps anchor pole 3 and the pull bar 12 of testing apparatus during installation with the upper fixture 6 of tension testing machine 14 and lower clamp respectively, and ensure transparent one side outwardly; After testing apparatus is fixing, the wire of pulling force/displacement sensor 19 and micro pressure sensor 8 is passed from wire hole 7, after passing, connects data acquisition instrument 17, data gathering instrument 17 is connected with image card 15 and computer 16 again; CCD camera system is arranged in testing apparatus opposite, ensures transparent of camera alignment testing apparatus;
3rd step, ready, start test, start tension testing machine 14, load with displacement pattern, data gathering instrument 17 gathers pulling force/displacement and pressure data, form unified data file and send computer 16 to, compare, calculate, treatment and analysis, to obtain the Changing Pattern of the radial pressure that the increase along with anchoring body load and displacement produces; Transparent of CCD camera system permeability test device records the changing conditions of whole process of the test and relevant data simultaneously, Experiments of Optics method is adopted to calculate displacement field and the strain field of anchoring body and soil layer according to relevant data again, for foundation and research soil layer anchoring body interface deformation failure regularity provide foundation.
Claims (7)
1. a soil layer anchoring body interfacial stress transport mechanism pilot system, it is characterised in that, it is made up of the testing apparatus for burying anchoring body anchor pole and sensor underground, Stress and displacement measurement system, tension testing machine and optical system for collecting; Wherein:
The described testing apparatus burying anchoring body and sensor underground, comprising a section is the vertical cabinet of semicircle shape, is namely smooth plate before vertical cabinet, and all the other side faces are semi arch housing, and at least plane housing should be transparent;Being loaded with soil sample in vertical cabinet, the removable cover being provided with semicircle above of soil sample, removable cover is provided with hole, the position in hole should be arranged in position, the center of circle, passing hole installs the anchor pole being manufactured with anchoring body around, the fixing upper pull bar in vertical cabinet bottom surface, and pull bar and anchor pole are on the same axis; The different heights of vertical cabinet wall is provided with some wire holes;
Described Stress and displacement measurement system, comprise be located at anchoring body upper end pulling force/displacement sensor, the micro pressure sensor being embedded in vertical cabinet soil layer on different heights, the data gathering instrument that is connected on the sensor, the computer of the data processing being connected in data gathering instrument and image card;
Described tension testing machine is provided with the upper fixture clamping testing apparatus anchor pole head and the lower clamp clamping testing apparatus pull bar, for testing apparatus provides the pulling force required for test;
Described optical system for collecting is the CCD camera system being arranged on testing apparatus outside, observes, monitors and calculate displacement field and the strain field of anchoring body and soil layer for adopting Experiments of Optics method.
2. pilot system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that, described vertical cabinet is connected to form by semi arch housing and transparent front baffle board two portions, and both wings and the transparent front baffle board of semicircle housing are bolted together by clamping plate. Described soil sample casing arranges fixed and movable cover plate up and down respectively, and the effect of removable cover is after loading soil sample, fixes with bolt and casing.
3. pilot system as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that, described transparent flat shelves plate adopts toughened glass, directly to observe or soil sample particle displacement deformation strain state and motion rule under employing Experiments of Optics method observation loading action.
4. pilot system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that, the anchoring body made around described anchor pole is the anchoring body of the semicircle section that mortar material makes.
5. pilot system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that, described semicircle diameter of the housing is 40mm.
6. pilot system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that, described anchor pole adopts the Twisted Steel of φ 16.
7. the test method of a pilot system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Before the first step, test, first on anchor pole, make mortar anchoring body, fixing upper pulling force/displacement sensor in mortar anchoring body upper end, and temporarily fixing with adhesive tape on different heights in three-dimensional casing on micro pressure sensor, after 28 days, mortar anchoring body anchor pole is loaded in three-dimensional casing until mortar anchoring body maintenance, add soil sample, according to the requirement of soil sample degree of compactness successively tamping, then load onto removable cover, form testing apparatus;
2nd step, being arranged on tension testing machine by testing apparatus, during installation, the upper lower clamp of tension testing machine clamps anchor pole head and the pull bar of testing apparatus respectively, and ensures transparent one side outwardly; After testing apparatus is fixing, the wire of pulling force/displacement sensor and micro pressure sensor is passed from wire hole, after passing, connects data acquisition instrument, data gathering instrument is connected with image card and computer again; CCD camera system is arranged in testing apparatus opposite, ensures transparent of camera alignment testing apparatus;
3rd step, ready, start test, start tension testing machine, load with displacement pattern, data collecting instrument gathers pulling force/displacement and pressure data, form unified data file and send computer to, compare, calculate, treatment and analysis, to obtain the Changing Pattern of the radial pressure that the increase along with anchoring body load and displacement produces;Transparent of CCD camera system permeability test device records the changing conditions of whole process of the test and relevant data simultaneously, Experiments of Optics method is adopted to calculate displacement field and the strain field of anchoring body and soil layer according to relevant data again, for foundation and research soil layer anchoring body interface deformation failure regularity provide foundation.
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Cited By (10)
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| CN107478812A (en) * | 2017-07-10 | 2017-12-15 | 三峡大学 | Rock And Soil large dosage expansion cement slurry expansion process visualization device and application method |
| CN107607399A (en) * | 2017-08-22 | 2018-01-19 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of passage pressure break support column bar mechanics parameter testing device and its characterizing method |
| CN108301447A (en) * | 2018-04-08 | 2018-07-20 | 山东建筑大学 | Dispersed pressure anchor anchor mechanism visible model testing device and test method |
| CN108303369A (en) * | 2018-01-11 | 2018-07-20 | 山东科技大学 | Halfbody anchor structure stress and deformation field synchronous test system and test method |
| CN108375504A (en) * | 2018-01-25 | 2018-08-07 | 河海大学 | A kind of anchorage formula reaction frame experimental rig suitable for underground space structure |
| CN110530713A (en) * | 2019-07-18 | 2019-12-03 | 武汉大学 | Bolted Rock Masses sample and rock mass engineering project anchor mechanism pilot system |
| CN110887732A (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2020-03-17 | 山东科技大学 | Soil layer anchoring body stress transmission mechanism test visualization method |
| CN111220465A (en) * | 2020-01-22 | 2020-06-02 | 长安大学 | Visual test method for interface deformation of soft rock anchoring body |
| CN111638119A (en) * | 2020-07-23 | 2020-09-08 | 兰州理工大学 | Slurry-soil interface strain testing method for earthen site anchoring system |
| CN114594001A (en) * | 2022-05-09 | 2022-06-07 | 武汉工程大学 | Auxiliary assembly and experiment appearance for anchor rod drawing experiment |
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| CN107478812A (en) * | 2017-07-10 | 2017-12-15 | 三峡大学 | Rock And Soil large dosage expansion cement slurry expansion process visualization device and application method |
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| CN108303369B (en) * | 2018-01-11 | 2019-07-09 | 山东科技大学 | Halfbody anchor structure stress and deformation field synchronous test system and test method |
| CN108375504A (en) * | 2018-01-25 | 2018-08-07 | 河海大学 | A kind of anchorage formula reaction frame experimental rig suitable for underground space structure |
| CN108301447A (en) * | 2018-04-08 | 2018-07-20 | 山东建筑大学 | Dispersed pressure anchor anchor mechanism visible model testing device and test method |
| CN110530713A (en) * | 2019-07-18 | 2019-12-03 | 武汉大学 | Bolted Rock Masses sample and rock mass engineering project anchor mechanism pilot system |
| CN110887732A (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2020-03-17 | 山东科技大学 | Soil layer anchoring body stress transmission mechanism test visualization method |
| CN111220465A (en) * | 2020-01-22 | 2020-06-02 | 长安大学 | Visual test method for interface deformation of soft rock anchoring body |
| CN111220465B (en) * | 2020-01-22 | 2023-03-10 | 长安大学 | Visual test method for interface deformation of soft rock anchoring body |
| CN111638119A (en) * | 2020-07-23 | 2020-09-08 | 兰州理工大学 | Slurry-soil interface strain testing method for earthen site anchoring system |
| CN114594001A (en) * | 2022-05-09 | 2022-06-07 | 武汉工程大学 | Auxiliary assembly and experiment appearance for anchor rod drawing experiment |
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