CN105645037A - Mechanical mineral lifting device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a mechanical mineral lifting device. The mechanical mineral lifting device comprises a crawler type power device, a support frame (2), n collecting barrels (3), a cable (6) and a relay bin (1), wherein the crawler type power device comprises two symmetric crawlers arranged on two sides of the cable (6) and the collecting barrels (3), two motors (4) are arranged in each crawler, the support frame (2) adopts an overall support structure, the cable (6) is a center cable connecting the collecting barrels (3), the relay bin (1) is a relay opening container placed under the water surface, the crawler type power device transfers power to the collecting barrels (3) through the crawlers to drive to collecting barrels (3) to move, movement of one collecting barrel (3) is transferred to the following collecting barrels (3) under the action of the cable (6), the following collecting barrels (3) are driven to move, and when passing by the relay bin (1), the bottommost collecting barrel (3) collects substances in the relay bin (1). By means of the mechanical mineral lifting device, the problem of high probability of winding of the cable in the prior art can be solved.

Description

A mechanical mining device

technical field

The invention relates to the fields of marine engineering and mechanical engineering, in particular to a mechanical ore extraction device for deep-sea mining lifting, deep-sea farming or other various marine activities that require lifting operations.

Background technique

The ocean is the largest potential resource base on the earth that has not been fully understood and utilized by humans. In addition to offshore oil and gas resources and coastal mineral sands, the seabed is currently known to have commercial mining value as well as metal mineral resources such as polymetallic nodules, cobalt-rich crusts and polymetallic sulfides. These minerals are rich in nickel, cobalt, copper, manganese, gold and silver metals, etc., and the total reserves are dozens to thousands of times higher than the corresponding reserves on land. In 2013, my country officially obtained a Pacific cobalt-rich crust mining area. Obviously, the development of deep sea mineral resources must rely on deep sea mining equipment. The "Made in China 2025" announced on May 19, 2015 pointed out the direction for the strategy of "manufacturing power", and classified "offshore engineering equipment and high-tech ships" as one of the top ten strategic areas for key breakthroughs, focusing on advanced ocean engineering Development and nationalization of equipment.

In 1873, the British first discovered manganese nodules in the Atlantic Ocean. In the 1960s, some industrially developed countries began to investigate deep seabed mineral resources and research mining technologies. The known deep-sea seabed mineral resources are mainly manganese nodules, and polymetallic oozes containing gold, silver, copper, lead, and zinc have been found in some sea areas. Over the years, eight transnational consortiums have been established, and more than one hundred companies are engaged in exploration and test mining. In recent years, China has carried out investigation and research work, and has collected manganese nodules in the Pacific Ocean many times.

Manganese nodules are spherical nodules containing manganese, iron, copper, nickel, cobalt and more than 20 other rare elements, which are widely distributed in the surface layer of the ocean floor at a depth of 2000-6000m in all oceans of the world. The nodules in the central Pacific Ocean have the highest grade and largest reserves. The grades of nickel, cobalt and copper in manganese nodules in some sea areas are higher than those in land-based deposits. It has been found that the total reserves of manganese nodules at the bottom of the world's oceans are about 3 trillion tons, and the Pacific Ocean alone has about 1.7 trillion tons. Its reserves are constantly increasing. At the bottom of the Pacific Ocean, it can increase by about 10 million tons per year. In the late 1970s, on the continuous rope bucket sand mining ship, the endless rope with many drag buckets was continuously rotated to fish out the manganese nodules from the seabed. The sand dredger moves slowly laterally, enabling several tow buckets to work continuously at a certain width at the same time.

The continuous rope bucket mining system was proposed by Japan in the late 1960s, and a large number of sea trials were carried out in the early 1970s, and the expected results were achieved. This mining method integrates mining and hoisting. Its main principle is to set a chain bucket at an appropriate distance on a cable, and the cable guide wheels installed at the bow and stern of the mining ship constitute an infinite cycle, so that nodules are removed from the The seabed is scooped up and raised to the surface.

The system has been successfully tested at sea for many times. Its advantages are simple equipment, convenient maintenance, low cost and maintenance cost, but the collection efficiency and resource recovery rate are relatively low, and it can only be applied to flat seabed terrain. It is easy to wind up, so it has also been eliminated.

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art, one object of the present invention is to provide a mechanical ore lifting device, which installs the ore lifting device in a fixed pipeline, which solves the problem that the cables are easy to be entangled in the prior art.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a mechanical ore lifting device, which only needs to be connected to the relay cabin and lifts materials from the relay cabin, without mining operation, thereby improving the efficiency.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a mechanical ore lifting device, which has a simple structure and does not require electrical equipment underwater, thereby greatly improving the reliability of the equipment.

In order to achieve the above and other purposes, the present invention proposes a mechanical ore lifting device, which at least includes a crawler power unit, a support frame (2), n collection barrels (3), a rope (6) and a middle Following the cabin (1), the crawler power unit includes two symmetrical crawlers arranged on both sides of the cable (6) and the collection bucket (3), and the inside of each crawler includes at least two motors (4), and the support The frame (2) is the overall support structure of the device, the rope (6) is the central cable connecting each collection bucket (3), and is arranged in the middle of the internal pipeline, and the relay cabin (1) is placed in the A relay open container used to collect working materials below the water surface. The crawler-type power device transmits power to the collection bucket (3) through the crawler belt, driving each collection bucket (3) to move, and the movement of each collection bucket (3) Through the effect of the rope (6), it is transmitted to the subsequent collection buckets (3) and drives them to move together, and finally drives all the collection buckets (3) to move together, and the bottom collection bucket (3) passes through the relay cabin ( 1) When using the gravity and thrust of the material to collect the material inside the relay cabin (1), after the collection bucket (3) leaves the water surface, the water inside the collection bucket (3) flows out to leave only solid matter and finally discharge it, and then Enter the crawler belt (5) of described power plant, complete a cycle.

Further, the crawler power device pushes each collection barrel (3) to move through the baffle on the crawler belt (5).

Further, the inside of the support frame (2) is a hollow standard cylinder including several collection barrel tracks (12), so as to facilitate the smooth movement of the collection barrel (3) inside.

Further, several rows of steel wheels (8) are evenly distributed around the outer wall of the collection barrel (3), respectively placed on the rails (12) on the inner surface of the support frame (2), and each row consists of several steel wheels ( 8) Composition.

Further, the inside of the support frame (2) is a hollow standard cylinder including four collection bucket tracks (12), four rows of steel wheels (8) are evenly distributed around the outer wall of the collection bucket (3), and are respectively placed on the Above the four symmetrically distributed tracks (12) on the inner surface of the support frame (2), each row is made of three steel wheels (8).

Further, a wedge-shaped guide plate (9) is also installed in front of the first steel wheel (8) in each row, so that the residue on the track (12) of the internal pipeline of the support frame (2) can be removed by its specific angle. Impurities that affect movement are diverted to other locations that do not affect movement.

Further, the collection bucket includes a cylinder with a hollowed-out process (7) at the bottom to facilitate water leakage, and an arc-shaped baffle (11) is arranged on the upper part of the cylinder to improve the efficiency of seabed collection and effectively reduce the Material falling due to shock.

Furthermore, several triangular supports are arranged at the bottom of the support frame (2), and several beams are included in the middle of the support frame (2) to limit twisting.

Further, the lowest point inside the internal pipeline of the ore lifting device is at the same level as the lowest point of the intermediate cabin (1), so as to prevent residual substances inside the intermediate cabin (1) from being collected bucket (3) to collect.

Further, the pipeline inside the device is smoothly and smoothly connected with the relay cabin (1).

Compared with the prior art, a mechanical ore lifting device of the present invention solves the problem that the cables are easily entangled in the prior art by installing the ore lifting device in the fixed pipeline. At the same time, the present invention only needs to connect the relay cabin and Materials are lifted from the relay cabin without mining operations, thereby improving efficiency. The invention has a simple structure and does not require electrical equipment underwater, thereby greatly improving the reliability of the equipment.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the front view of a kind of mechanical ore lifting device of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the top view of a kind of mechanical ore lifting device of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the general diagram of a kind of mechanical ore lifting device seabed part of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the general diagram of a kind of mechanical ore lifting device offshore of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the top view of the collection bucket of a kind of mechanical ore lifting device of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is the front view of the collection bucket of a kind of mechanical ore lifting device of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of the collection bucket of a kind of mechanical ore lifting device of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a power unit of a mechanical ore lifting device according to the present invention.

detailed description

The implementation of the present invention is described below through specific examples and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific examples, and various modifications and changes can be made to the details in this specification based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

As shown in Figures 1 to 8, a mechanical ore lifting device of the present invention includes a crawler power unit, a support frame (2), n collection buckets (3), a rope (6) and a relay cabin (1 ), the device is powered by the crawler (5) type power unit above the water surface to the whole system. The crawlers (5) in the power system are two symmetrical crawlers placed on both sides of the rope (6) and the collection bucket (3), and each crawler (5) has two motors (4) inside, which can not only support The crawler belt (5) is also the source of power, and the power unit transmits the power to the collection bucket (3), mainly utilizing the baffle plate (10) on the crawler belt (5) to push the collection bucket (3) to move. The collecting barrel (3) comprises a cylinder with a hollowed-out process (7) at the bottom to facilitate water leakage and an arc-shaped baffle (11) on the upper part of the cylinder. The collection barrel (3) directly collects the materials to be lifted from the intermediate cabin (1) on the seabed, and then the materials are placed inside it during the entire lifting process. The baffle (11) of the collection bucket (3) can improve the efficiency of seabed collection, and can also effectively reduce the falling of materials caused by vibration during the lifting process. Four rows of steel wheels (8) are evenly distributed around the outer wall of the collection barrel (3) and are respectively placed on four symmetrically distributed tracks (12) on the inner surface of the support frame (2), and each row is composed of three steel wheels (8) Composed to reduce the pressure and improve stability, so each collection barrel (3) is equipped with twelve steel wheels (8) in total, and a wedge-shaped guide plate ( 9), of course, the number and number of rows and numbers of steel wheels around the outer wall of the collection barrel (3) are only illustrative and not limiting. The function of the guide plate (9) is mainly to guide the debris on the internal pipeline track (12) and other impurities that affect the movement to other positions that do not affect the movement through its specific angle. The support frame (2) is the overall support structure of the device and supports each component, so it needs to meet certain strength, rigidity and stability requirements. In practical applications, it needs to be specifically designed according to the actual situation, such as setting some triangle support. At the same time, in order to prevent destructive movements such as twisting, the middle of the support frame (2) should include several beams and other components that limit twisting. The cables (6) are the central cables connecting the collection barrels (3), and are arranged in the middle of the internal pipeline, and should have certain toughness so that the power unit can better contact with the collection barrels (3) to prevent The stress is too concentrated. In the present invention, the rope (6) is a steel cable. The inside of the support frame (2) is a hollow standard cylinder including four collection barrel tracks (12) to facilitate the smooth movement of the collection barrel (3) inside. It should be noted that the number of tracks inside the support frame (2) is different. Make specific restrictions. The relay cabin (1) is a relay hemispherical opening container placed under the seabed and below the water surface for collecting working materials, generally in the shape of a hemisphere or other shapes. The lowest point inside the internal pipeline and the lowest point of the relay cabin (1) should be at the same level to prevent residual substances inside the relay cabin (1) from being collected by the collection barrel (3). At the same time, the internal pipeline and the relay compartment (1) should be smoothly and smoothly connected to prevent the movement of the collection barrel (3) from being hindered.

The mechanism of the device is that the motor (4) drives four collection buckets (3) (the present invention takes four collection buckets as an example) to move through the crawler belt (5), and the movement of the four collection buckets (3) passes through the steel cable (6) The action is transmitted to the follow-up collection barrels (3) and drives them to move together, and finally drives all the collection barrels (3) in a circle to move together. When the bottom collection barrel (3) passes through the relay cabin (1), the gravity and thrust of the material are used to collect the material inside the relay cabin (1). The collected material is lifted together with the collection bucket (3), and after the collection bucket (3) leaves the water surface, the water inside the collection bucket (3) flows away from the hollow part (7) at the bottom to leave only solid matter, and finally Discharges and then enters the track (5) of the power unit. So it goes round and round to complete a cycle.

The present invention is further illustrated below by specific examples:

First of all, it needs to be explained that a mechanical ore extraction device of the present invention directly concentrates and lifts other mechanically collected materials underwater, which can be applied to seabed mining operations, but it is by no means limited thereto. All the operations of lifting should belong to the scope of this patent. The main purpose of this device is to lift seabed materials, and it can solve many problems such as winding and power supply, providing an important reference for actual production in many fields.

Because the mechanical ore lifting device of the present invention mainly performs lifting operations, other pre-order collection devices are needed before the device, and the collected materials are uniformly concentrated in the relay cabin (1) of the device. The device of preorder can be other various machinery such as underwater robot, mining device.

The motors (4) above the water surface have been moving continuously, and the four motors (4) drive the two crawlers (5) to move, and the two crawlers (5) are evenly distributed with baffles (10), and the baffles (10) push the collection The barrel (3) moves forward. Because the length of the crawler belt (5) is relatively long, the evenly distributed baffle plate (10) on the crawler belt (5) can simultaneously drive the four collection buckets (3) to move forward, thereby reducing the stress on a single collection bucket (3), so that The entire system is more evenly stressed, effectively reducing mechanical vibration. All the collection buckets (3) are connected by steel cables (6) in the middle, and the steel cables (6) should have certain toughness, but should also have good rigidity. Good toughness can ensure that the baffle (10) is in full contact with the collection barrel (3), increases the contact area, reduces stress concentration, and can also reduce the impact of the vibration brought by the power device on the entire system, playing a significant role. Good shock isolation. Better rigidity can ensure that the steel cable (6) does not elongate too much in the process of pulling the subsequent collection barrel (3) to move, so as to improve the stability of the whole system. Therefore, the selection of the steel cable (6) should be calculated according to the actual situation, numerical calculation or experiment, and then determine the specific parameters.

The movement of the four collection barrels (3) drives the subsequent movement of the collection barrels through the steel cables (6). The movement of the collection barrel (3) is realized by a relatively complicated mechanism. Four groups of steel wheels (8) are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the collection barrel (3), and each group of steel wheels (8) is composed of three steel wheels (8). Each group of three steel wheels (8) is linearly distributed, and the connecting line is parallel to the cylinder axis of the collecting barrel (3). Each group of steel wheels (8) corresponds to a track (12) inside the support frame (2) respectively and moves on it. The inside of the support frame (2) is very smooth and very smooth at the transitional places, and the radius of curvature is increased as much as possible to reduce the impact on the movement of the collection barrel (3). Four rails (12) are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the support frame (2), which are perfectly grasped with the 12 steel wheels (8) on the outer wall of the collection barrel (3). Through such a mechanism, the collection bucket (3) can move smoothly inside the support frame (2) and minimize movement resistance and vibration. During the movement, the present invention also takes into account the possible impact of solid particles falling on the track (12) on the movement of the collection barrel (3). Each collection barrel (3) is provided with a wedge-shaped guide plate (9) in front of each group of steel wheels (8). When solid particles are on the track (12) and may hinder or affect the movement of the collection barrel (3), the front wedge-shaped guide plate (9) guides the material to both sides without affecting the overall movement, so as to reduce this unfavorable factor The possible impact on the movement can ensure the safe and stable operation of the entire system.

After the whole system starts to move round and round, the collecting bucket (3) in motion will pass through the ocean bottom or the underwater relay cabin (1). The interior of the relay cabin (1) has been filled with a large amount of forwarding materials by other equipment of the previous sequence. The intermediate cabin (1) is connected smoothly with the inside of the support frame (2), and the lowest point of the intermediate cabin (1) and the lowest point inside the support frame (2) should be at the same level to ensure that all materials can be transported , there will not be a large amount of residue. When the collection barrel (3) passes through the relay cabin (1), the material is pushed into the interior of the collection barrel (3) due to the forward movement, and moves together with the collection barrel (3). The baffle (11) on the cylindrical part of the collection barrel (3) can ensure that the material is always inside the collection barrel (3) during the horizontal transportation, and will not spill out and affect the stability of the pipeline and the subsequent collection barrel (3). sports.

The material is loaded into the collection barrel (3), moves together with it inside the support frame (2), and is gradually lifted above the sea surface. When the collection barrel (3) and the material reach the sea surface, the small hole (7) at the bottom of the collection barrel (3) will allow seawater and other impurities to flow out of it, reducing a part of the lifting quality, reducing the internal stress of the steel cable (6) and Power unit load pressure. After the material moves to the ship or other sea surface collection device together with the collection barrel (3), the substance is poured out from the inside of the collection barrel (3) and then collected by the sea surface operation equipment.

After the material is lifted to the sea surface and poured out, the collection barrel (3) will further descend along with the inside of the support frame (2), and a new cycle will start. The entire system can achieve continuous material improvement through circulation.

In the process of using, in order to maximize the effect of this device, there are some links and details that need special attention. First of all, in the process of use, we should pay attention to the disasters caused by vibration and stability problems. Since the entire supporting frame (2) needs to bear a huge gravity, it is necessary to fully consider the stability problem caused by gravity and the deterioration of the stability problem caused by vibration. Stability checks should be emphasized in most cases. Secondly, the inside of the support frame (2) needs to be systematically cleaned after working for a period of time. A large amount of seabed impurities such as sand and stones may bring great hidden dangers to the smooth operation of the system. Therefore, after a period of operation, if there are problems such as strenuous movement and increased vibration, it must be cleaned up in time. Furthermore, the system will undergo a period of no-load test and running-in before carrying out material transportation.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: firstly, the traditional continuous rope bucket type is very easy to be entangled due to the existence of flexible steel cables and the influence of ocean currents, but the present invention solves the problem of entanglement through the arrangement of internal pipelines; Secondly, the present invention only needs to connect the relay cabin (1) and lift materials from the relay cabin (1) without carrying out mining operations, thereby increasing efficiency; the present invention has a simple structure and does not need electricity under water The reliability of the equipment has been greatly improved; the structure of the present invention has a wide range of uses and can be used in dredging engineering or underwater aquaculture and other fields. For lifting jobs.

The above-mentioned embodiments only illustrate the principles and effects of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify and change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be listed in the claims.

Claims (10)

1. A mechanical ore-lifting device is characterized in that: the ore-lifting device at least includes a crawler power unit, a support frame (2), n collection barrels (3), a rope (6) and a relay cabin (1 ), the crawler power unit includes two symmetrical crawlers arranged on both sides of the cable (6) and the collection bucket (3), and the inside of each crawler includes at least two motors (4), and the support frame (2) It is the overall support structure of the device, the cable (6) is a central cable connecting each collection barrel (3), and is arranged in the middle of the internal pipeline, and the relay cabin (1) is placed below the water surface for A relay open container for collecting working materials, the crawler type power device transmits power to the collection bucket (3) through the crawler belt, drives each collection bucket (3) to move, and the movement of each collection bucket (3) passes through the rope The effect of the cable (6) is transmitted to the subsequent collection barrels (3) and drives them to move together, and finally drives all the collection barrels (3) to move together, and the bottom collection barrel (3) is used when passing through the relay cabin (1) The gravity and thrust of the material collect the material inside the relay cabin (1), and after the collection bucket (3) leaves the water surface, the water inside the collection bucket (3) flows out leaving only solid matter and finally discharged, and then enters the power The crawler belt (5) of device completes a cycle. 2. A mechanical ore lifting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: said crawler-type power device pushes each collection barrel (3) to move through a baffle plate on the crawler belt (5). 3. A kind of mechanical type ore-lifting device as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: the inside of described bracing frame (2) is the hollow standard cylinder that comprises several collection bucket tracks (12), to facilitate collection bucket ( 3) Smooth movement inside. 4. A kind of mechanical ore extraction device as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: several rows of steel wheels (8) are evenly distributed around the outer wall of the collection barrel (3), and are respectively placed on the support frame (2 ) above the track (12) on the inner surface, each row is made of several steel wheels (8). 5. A kind of mechanical ore extraction device as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: the inside of the support frame (2) is a hollow standard cylinder comprising four collection bucket tracks (12), and the collection bucket (3 ) is evenly distributed around the outer wall of four rows of steel wheels (8), respectively placed on the four symmetrically distributed tracks (12) on the inner surface of the support frame (2), and each row is made of three steel wheels (8). 6. A kind of mechanical ore lifting device as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: a wedge-shaped guide plate (9) is also installed in front of the first steel wheel (8) of each row, so as to guide the Impurities affecting movement, such as debris on the track (12) of the internal pipeline of the support frame (2), are diverted to other positions that do not affect movement. 7. A kind of mechanical ore extraction device as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: the collection bucket includes a cylinder with a hollowed-out process (7) at the bottom to facilitate water leakage, and an arc-shaped baffle is arranged on the top of the cylinder (11) To improve the efficiency of seabed collection and effectively reduce the material drop caused by vibration during the lifting process. 8. A kind of mechanical ore lifting device as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: the bottom of the support frame (2) is provided with several triangular supports, and the middle of the support frame (2) includes several twist-limiting beam. 9. A kind of mechanical ore extraction device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the lowest point inside the internal pipeline of the ore extraction device is at the same level as the lowest point of the relay cabin (1) , to prevent residual substances inside the intermediate compartment (1) from being collected by the collection barrel (3). 10. A mechanical ore extraction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the internal pipeline of the device is smoothly and smoothly connected with the relay cabin (1).