CN105638539A - Automatic feeding system and method for indoor industrial aquaculture - Google Patents
Automatic feeding system and method for indoor industrial aquaculture Download PDFInfo
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- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000012840 feeding operation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000006052 feed supplement Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 7
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009372 pisciculture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003134 recirculating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种室内工厂化水产养殖自动投饲系统及其自动投饲方法，包括养殖区（1），其特征在于：还包括补料系统（4）和控制系统；养殖区（1）的上方设置有投饲机轨道（2），投饲机（3）设置在投饲机轨道（2）上并可沿着投饲机轨道（2）移动以给养殖区（1）内的养殖池（11）投饲；补料系统（4）负责给投饲机（3）补料，控制系统控制投饲机（3）的运行和投饲以及补料系统（4）的运行和补料操作。本发明可以根据养殖鱼类的品种、生长周期，饲料投饲规律，投饲总量，投饲时间间隔，自动投饲，合理投饲，解决工厂化水产养殖中饲料投饲环节劳动强度大，缓解投饲量、投饲间隔不科学对养殖鱼类生长、养殖水体质量造成的不良影响。
The present invention relates to an automatic feeding system and automatic feeding method for indoor industrialized aquaculture, comprising a breeding area (1), characterized in that it also includes a feeding system (4) and a control system; the breeding area (1) The feeding machine track (2) is arranged above, and the feeding machine (3) is set on the feeding machine track (2) and can move along the feeding machine track (2) to feed the breeding pond in the breeding area (1) (11) Feeding; the feeding system (4) is responsible for feeding the feeding machine (3), the control system controls the operation and feeding of the feeding machine (3) and the operation and feeding operation of the feeding system (4) . The present invention can automatically feed and rationally feed according to the species of cultured fish, the growth cycle, the law of feed feeding, the total amount of feeding, the time interval of feeding, and solve the problem of high labor intensity in the feed feeding link in industrial aquaculture. Alleviate the adverse effects of unscientific feeding amount and feeding interval on the growth of cultured fish and the quality of cultured water.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明属于渔业养殖技术领域，具体涉及一种室内工厂化水产养殖自动投饲系统及其自动投饲方法。 The invention belongs to the technical field of fish farming, and in particular relates to an automatic feeding system for indoor factory aquaculture and an automatic feeding method thereof.
背景技术 Background technique
目前，我国水产养殖业对人工饲料的需求，正在逐步增大，但在水产养殖配套设施的研发方面相对滞后，机械化和自动化程度均较低，饲料的投喂基本上还是依靠养殖户根据个人经验，使用勺子、铁锹等手工工具抛洒饲料，并且是用人眼，凭经验判断养殖对象需要的饲料量。在高密度养殖状态下，需要的人工饲料量巨大，人工搬运比较困难。所以，人工投饲，具有劳动强度大外，撒料不均匀、计量不准确和喂料不准时等诸多缺点。同时，投饲技术和装备的优劣，影响养殖水体的水质条件，间接影响养殖系统的水处理效果，直接决定了养殖鱼类的摄食率、健康程度和生长速度。 At present, the demand for artificial feed in my country's aquaculture industry is gradually increasing, but the research and development of aquaculture supporting facilities is relatively lagging behind, and the degree of mechanization and automation is low. The feeding of feed basically depends on the farmers' personal experience. , Use hand tools such as spoons and shovels to sprinkle the feed, and use human eyes to judge the amount of feed needed by the breeding objects based on experience. In the state of high-density breeding, the amount of artificial feed required is huge, and manual handling is difficult. Therefore, artificial feeding has many disadvantages such as high labor intensity, uneven feeding, inaccurate measurement, and untimely feeding. At the same time, the pros and cons of feeding technology and equipment affect the water quality conditions of the aquaculture water body, indirectly affect the water treatment effect of the aquaculture system, and directly determine the feeding rate, health and growth rate of farmed fish.
因此，要解决大规模养殖场投饲劳动强度大，投饲定时定量精度差，饲料利用率低等问题，提高工厂化循环水养殖系统的设施装备水平，降低大规模养殖场劳动强度，就需要研发自动投饲系统，填补技术空白。 Therefore, in order to solve the problems of high labor intensity of feeding in large-scale farms, poor quantitative accuracy of feeding timing, and low feed utilization rate, improve the level of facilities and equipment of industrialized recirculating aquaculture systems, and reduce the labor intensity of large-scale farms, it is necessary to Research and develop automatic feeding system to fill the technical gap.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明设计了一种室内工厂化水产养殖自动投饲系统及其自动投饲方法，其解决了现有技术中养殖场投饲劳动强度大，投饲定时定量精度差，饲料利用率低等问题。 The present invention designs an automatic feeding system and automatic feeding method for indoor industrialized aquaculture, which solves the problems in the prior art that the labor intensity of feeding in farms is high, the quantitative accuracy of feeding timing is poor, and the feed utilization rate is low. .
为了解决上述存在的技术问题，本发明采用了以下方案： In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following scheme:
一种室内工厂化水产养殖自动投饲系统，包括养殖区（1），其特征在于：还包括补料系统（4）和控制系统；养殖区（1）的上方设置有投饲机轨道（2），投饲机（3）设置在投饲机轨道（2）上并可沿着投饲机轨道（2）移动以给养殖区（1）内的养殖池（11）投饲；补料系统（4）负责给投饲机（3）补料，控制系统控制投饲机（3）的运行和投饲以及补料系统（4）的运行和补料操作。 An indoor industrial aquaculture automatic feeding system, comprising a breeding area (1), characterized in that it also includes a feeding system (4) and a control system; a feeding machine track (2) is arranged above the breeding area (1) ), the feeding machine (3) is set on the feeding machine track (2) and can move along the feeding machine track (2) to feed the breeding pond (11) in the breeding area (1); feeding system (4) Responsible for feeding the feeding machine (3), the control system controls the operation and feeding of the feeding machine (3) and the operation and feeding operation of the feeding system (4).
进一步，投饲机轨道（2）设置在房顶（8）上。 Further, the feeding machine track (2) is arranged on the roof (8).
进一步，投饲机轨道（2）通过若干支撑杆（5）和吊杆（6）设置在房顶（8）上，支撑杆（5）一端和投饲机轨道（2）连接，支撑杆（5）另一端通过吊杆（6）和房顶（8）固连。 Further, the feeder track (2) is set on the roof (8) through several support rods (5) and suspenders (6), one end of the support rod (5) is connected to the feeder track (2), and the support rod ( 5) The other end is fixedly connected to the roof (8) through the boom (6).
进一步，投饲机（3）的料斗内设置有料位计。 Further, a material level gauge is arranged in the hopper of the feeding machine (3).
进一步，补料系统（4）包括上料管（41）、上料风机（42）、储料仓（43）、储料车体（44）和补料轨道（45）；补料轨道（45）固定在养殖区（1）一侧的地面（9）上，上料管（41）、上料风机（42）和储料仓（43）设置在储料车体（44）上，储料车体（44）设置在补料轨道（45）上并可沿补料轨道（45）移动以给投饲机（3）补料。 Further, the feeding system (4) includes a feeding pipe (41), a feeding fan (42), a storage bin (43), a storage car body (44) and a feeding track (45); the feeding track (45 ) is fixed on the ground (9) on one side of the breeding area (1), the feeding pipe (41), the feeding fan (42) and the storage bin (43) are arranged on the storage car body (44), and the storage The car body (44) is arranged on the feeding track (45) and can move along the feeding track (45) to feed the feeding machine (3).
进一步，上料管（41）是一三通管，上料管（41）一端连接储料仓（43）下部，上料管（41）第二端连接上料风机（42），上料管（41）第三端伸向空中通往投饲机（3）的料斗。 Further, the feeding pipe (41) is a three-way pipe, one end of the feeding pipe (41) is connected to the lower part of the storage bin (43), and the second end of the feeding pipe (41) is connected to the feeding fan (42). (41) the third end stretches to the hopper leading to the feeding machine (3) in the air.
进一步，养殖区（1）内分布有多个养殖池（11）。 Further, a plurality of breeding ponds (11) are distributed in the breeding area (1).
进一步，养殖区（1）有多个。 Further, there are multiple breeding areas (1).
一种室内工厂化水产养殖自动投饲方法，其特征在于：投饲机（3）运行在投饲机轨道（2）上，按照养殖池（11）中养殖的水产品种、生长周期和投饲规律，进行定时定量自动投饲； An automatic feeding method for indoor industrialized aquaculture, characterized in that: the feeding machine (3) runs on the feeding machine track (2), and the aquatic product species, growth cycle and feeding regular, regular and quantitative automatic feeding;
当投饲机（3）的饲料即将用尽达到最少饲料的警戒值时，控制系统获取该信息并向补料系统（4）发出饲料补充要求，同时控制系统控制该投饲机（3）运动到上料区（7），补料系统（4）接到控制系统发出的饲料补充要求后，在控制系统控制下驱动储料车体（44）到达发出饲料补充要求的投饲机（3）的附近对准上料区（7），依次开启上料管（41）的三通阀门、上料风机（42）和储料仓（43）的上料阀门，饲料在上料风机（41）的风力作用下，经上料管（41）落入到投饲机（3）的料斗内，当投饲机（3）检测到料仓的饲料到达上限值，或者上料的定时时间到达，控制系统依次关闭储料仓（43）的上料阀门、上料风机（42）和上料管（41）的三通阀门，然后投饲机（3）启动，继续投饲。 When the feed of the feeding machine (3) is about to run out and reaches the warning value of the minimum feed, the control system obtains the information and sends a feed replenishment request to the feeding system (4), and at the same time the control system controls the movement of the feeding machine (3) After arriving at the feeding area (7), the feeding system (4) will drive the storage vehicle body (44) under the control of the control system to reach the feeding machine (3) that issued the feed supplement request after receiving the feed supplement request from the control system Aim at the feeding area (7) near the feeder, open the three-way valve of the feeding pipe (41), the feeding valve of the feeding fan (42) and the feeding valve of the storage bin (43) in sequence, and the feed will flow through the feeding fan (41) Under the action of the wind force, it falls into the hopper of the feeding machine (3) through the feeding pipe (41). , the control system closes the feeding valve of the storage bin (43), the feeding fan (42) and the three-way valve of the feeding pipe (41) in sequence, and then the feeding machine (3) starts to continue feeding.
该室内工厂化水产养殖自动投饲系统及其自动投饲方法具有以下有益效果： The indoor factory aquaculture automatic feeding system and its automatic feeding method have the following beneficial effects:
（1）本发明的室内工厂化水产养殖自动投饲系统及其自动投饲方法，养殖户能在养殖车间，单人操作投饲系统，减少劳动量，降低劳动强度，提高养殖质量，同时为后续的养殖水体水质调控，减少工作量。该系统效率比较高，维护保养简单、快捷，也适合应用于现有水产养殖系统。 (1) The automatic feeding system and automatic feeding method for indoor industrialized aquaculture of the present invention allow farmers to operate the feeding system by a single person in the breeding workshop, reduce labor, reduce labor intensity, improve breeding quality, and at the same time provide Subsequent regulation of the water quality of the aquaculture water body reduces the workload. The system has relatively high efficiency, simple and fast maintenance, and is also suitable for application in existing aquaculture systems.
（2）本发明的室内工厂化水产养殖自动投饲系统及其自动投饲方法，可以根据养殖鱼类的品种、生长周期，饲料投饲规律，投饲总量，投饲时间间隔，自动投饲，合理投饲，解决工厂化水产养殖中饲料投饲环节劳动强度大，缓解投饲量、投饲间隔不科学对养殖鱼类生长、养殖水体质量造成的不良影响。 (2) The indoor factory aquaculture automatic feeding system and its automatic feeding method of the present invention can automatically feed according to the species of cultured fish, the growth cycle, the law of feed feeding, the total amount of feeding, and the time interval of feeding. Feeding, reasonable feeding, solves the labor-intensive link of feed feeding in industrial aquaculture, and alleviates the adverse effects of unscientific feeding amount and feeding interval on the growth of farmed fish and the quality of aquaculture water.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1：本发明室内工厂化水产养殖自动投饲系统的俯视图； Fig. 1: the top view of the automatic feeding system for indoor factory aquaculture of the present invention;
图2：本发明室内工厂化水产养殖自动投饲系统的主视图。 Fig. 2: The front view of the automatic feeding system for indoor factory aquaculture of the present invention.
附图标记说明： Explanation of reference signs:
1—养殖区；11—养殖池；2—投饲机轨道；3—投饲机；4—补料系统；41—上料管；42—上料风机；43—储料仓；44—储料车体；45—补料轨道；5—支撑杆；6—吊杆；7—上料区；8—房顶；9—地面。 1—breeding area; 11—breeding pond; 2—feeding machine track; 3—feeding machine; 4—feeding system; 41—feeding pipe; 42—feeding fan; 43—storage bin; 44—storage 45—replenishment track; 5—support rod; 6—suspension rod; 7—feeding area; 8—roof; 9—ground.
具体实施方式 detailed description
下面结合附图，对本发明做进一步说明： Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention will be further described:
图1至图2示出了一种室内工厂化水产养殖自动投饲系统，包括多个养殖区1、补料系统4和控制系统，每个养殖区1内分布有多个养殖池11。养殖区1的上方设置有投饲机轨道2，投饲机轨道2通过若干支撑杆5和吊杆6设置在房顶8上，支撑杆5一端和投饲机轨道2连接，支撑杆5另一端通过吊杆6和房顶8固连。投饲机3设置在投饲机轨道2上并可沿投饲机轨道2移动给养殖区1内分布的多个养殖池11投饲。投饲机3的车轮装在投饲机轨道2中间。控制系统负责投饲机3的运行和投饲以及补料系统4的运行和补料操作。 Figures 1 to 2 show an automatic feeding system for indoor factory aquaculture, which includes a plurality of breeding areas 1, a feeding system 4 and a control system, and a plurality of breeding ponds 11 are distributed in each breeding area 1. The top of the breeding area 1 is provided with feeding machine track 2, and feeding machine track 2 is arranged on the roof 8 by some support rods 5 and suspenders 6, and one end of support rod 5 is connected with feeding machine track 2, and support rod 5 is another One end is fixedly connected with the roof 8 through the suspension rod 6 . The feeding machine 3 is arranged on the feeding machine track 2 and can move along the feeding machine track 2 to feed a plurality of breeding ponds 11 distributed in the breeding area 1 . The wheel of feeding machine 3 is contained in the middle of feeding machine track 2. The control system is responsible for the operation and feeding of the feeding machine 3 and the operation and feeding operation of the feeding system 4 .
补料系统4包括上料管41、上料风机42、储料仓43、储料车体44和补料轨道45。补料轨道45铺设在养殖区1之间，上料管41、上料风机42和储料仓43设置在储料车体44上，储料车体44设置在补料轨道45上并可沿补料轨道45移动以给每个养殖区1的投饲机3补料。储料车体44位于两条补料轨道45上，储料车体44的两对车轮，放在两条补料轨道45中，补料轨道45固定在地面9上。储料仓43固定在储料车体44上，上料管41是一三通管，上料管41一端连接储料仓43下部，第二端连接上料风机42，第三端伸向空中通往投饲机3的料斗，当投饲机3位于投饲机轨道2的上料区7时，上料管41的第三端端口正好位于投饲机3料斗的正上方。上料风机42下端固定在储料车体44的地板上。 The feeding system 4 includes a feeding pipe 41 , a feeding fan 42 , a storage bin 43 , a storage car body 44 and a feeding track 45 . Feeding track 45 is laid between breeding area 1, feeding pipe 41, feeding blower fan 42 and storage bin 43 are arranged on the storage car body 44, and storage car body 44 is arranged on the feeding track 45 and can along The feeding track 45 moves to feed the feeding machine 3 in each breeding area 1 . Storing material car body 44 is positioned on two feeding tracks 45, and two pairs of wheels of storing material car body 44 are placed in two feeding tracks 45, and feeding track 45 is fixed on the ground 9. The storage bin 43 is fixed on the storage car body 44, the feeding pipe 41 is a three-way pipe, one end of the feeding pipe 41 is connected to the lower part of the storage bin 43, the second end is connected to the feeding fan 42, and the third end stretches into the air Leading to the hopper of the feeding machine 3, when the feeding machine 3 is located in the feeding area 7 of the feeding machine track 2, the third end port of the feeding pipe 41 is just above the hopper of the feeding machine 3. The lower end of the feeding fan 42 is fixed on the floor of the storage car body 44 .
工作时，投饲机3运行在投饲机轨道2上，按照养殖池11中养殖的鱼类品种、生长周期和投饲规律，进行自动投饲；当投饲机3的饲料即将用尽达到最少饲料的警戒值时，投饲机3料斗内的低位料位计报警，控制系统获取该信息并向补料系统4发出饲料补充要求，同时控制投饲机3运动到上料区7，补料系统4接到投饲机3的饲料补充要求后，在控制系统控制下驱动储料车体44到达发出饲料补充要求的投饲机3的附近，对准上料区7，依次开启上料管41的三通阀门、上料风机42和储料仓43的上料阀门，饲料在上料风机41的风力作用下，经上料管41落入到投饲机3的料斗内，当投饲机3检测到料仓的饲料到达上限值，投饲机3料斗内的高位料位计报警，或者上料的定时时间到达，控制系统依次关闭储料仓43的上料阀门、上料风机42和上料管41的三通阀门，然后投饲机3启动，继续投饲。 During work, the feeding machine 3 runs on the feeding machine track 2, and automatically feeds according to the fish species, growth cycle and feeding rules cultivated in the culture pond 11; when the feed of the feeding machine 3 is about to run out to reach When the warning value of the minimum feed is reached, the low level meter in the hopper of feeding machine 3 will give an alarm. After the feeding system 4 receives the feed supplement request from the feeding machine 3, under the control of the control system, it drives the storage car body 44 to reach the vicinity of the feeding machine 3 that issued the feed supplement request, aligns with the feeding area 7, and starts the feeding in turn. The three-way valve of the pipe 41, the feeding valve of the feeding fan 42 and the storage bin 43, the feed falls into the hopper of the feeding machine 3 through the feeding pipe 41 under the wind force of the feeding fan 41. When the feeding machine 3 detects that the feed in the silo reaches the upper limit value, the high-level material level meter in the hopper of the feeding machine 3 will alarm, or the timing time for feeding the material will arrive, and the control system will close the feeding valve of the storage bin 43 and the feeding The three-way valve of blower fan 42 and feeding pipe 41, then feeding machine 3 starts, continues throwing and feeding.
本发明一种室内工厂化水产养殖自动投饲系统，结构简单，基本应用了现有水产养殖场的各种工具，设备添补不多，使用方便灵活，可应用于现有的水产养殖场，成本低廉，维护保养简单、快捷。 The present invention is an indoor industrialized aquaculture automatic feeding system, which has a simple structure, basically uses various tools of the existing aquaculture farms, does not add much equipment, is convenient and flexible to use, and can be applied to the existing aquaculture farms. Inexpensive, simple and fast maintenance.
上面结合附图对本发明进行了示例性的描述，显然本发明的实现并不受上述方式的限制，只要采用了本发明的方法构思和技术方案进行的各种改进，或未经改进将本发明的构思和技术方案直接应用于其它场合的，均在本发明的保护范围内。 Above, the present invention has been exemplarily described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the realization of the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned manner, as long as various improvements of the method concept and technical solutions of the present invention are adopted, or the present invention is implemented without improvement. The ideas and technical schemes directly applied to other occasions are within the protection scope of the present invention.
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| CN111149752A (en) * | 2020-03-10 | 2020-05-15 | 山东康科润海洋科技有限公司 | Automatic feeding system for offshore marine cage culture of silver salmon |
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| CN117426346A (en) * | 2023-12-07 | 2024-01-23 | 上海亿渔科技有限公司 | Intensive indoor fish farming workshop |
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