CN105633472B - A kind of lithium ion battery self discharge rate uniformity group gas-mixing screening method - Google Patents
A kind of lithium ion battery self discharge rate uniformity group gas-mixing screening method Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
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Abstract
A kind of lithium ion battery self discharge rate uniformity group gas-mixing screening method, it is characterized in that：Comprise the following steps that：The first step, low current chemical conversion, constant current 0.1C charge 4 hours, then constant current 0.2C chargings 2h chemical conversions；Second step, shelve for the first time, 40 ± 3 DEG C are shelved 20 ~ 30 hours；3rd step, charge-discharge test, battery 0.2C ~ 1C constant-current constant-voltage chargings, constant-current discharge carry out 2 ~ 4 discharge and recharges, and last 0.2C ~ 1C constant current constant voltages are fully charged；4th step, is shelved for the second time, under 45 ± 3 DEG C of environment, is shelved 48 hours ~ 72 hours；5th step, constant current are charged in limited time；6th step, is shelved for the second time；7th step, self-discharge rate calculate, and battery carries out 0.2C ~ 1C constant-current discharges, 0.2C ~ 1C constant-current constant-voltage chargings, 0.2C ~ 1C constant-current discharges, 0.2C ~ 1C constant-current constant-voltage chargings after shelving for the second time.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of technical field of lithium ion, more particularly to a kind of lithium ion battery self discharge rate uniformity
Group gas-mixing screening method.
Background technology
With the implementation of global new-energy automobile, the research boom of power lithium-ion battery grows to even greater heights.Current driving force lithium
Ion battery market is mainly based on nickle cobalt lithium manganate battery, nickel cobalt lithium aluminate lithium manganate battery, ferric phosphate lithium cell.Battery list
Body will carry out connection in series-parallel combination when being combined into battery pack, reach required voltage and capacity.Because battery cell raw material are poor
Different, process of manufacture state modulator difference causes battery consistency to differ greatly.After battery cell combination combo, due to list
Difference between body, the difference of battery cell can become larger in charge and discharge process, and the service life for ultimately resulting in battery is sharp
Subtract.Judge that the major parameter of battery consistency difference has capacity, voltage, internal resistance, self-discharge rate at present.And this several parameter is relatively held
What is easily obtained is capacity, voltage, internal resistance.And the more difficult determination of self-discharge rate.All there is self discharge in any battery, self discharge is battery
Result caused by internal micro-short circuit.The order of severity of micro-short circuit determines the size of battery self discharge rate.At present in charging process
There is the proportionality action of power-supply management system, but effect is generally bad, and the consistent implementations of self-discharge rate rise key to battery life
Effect.Voltage levels after generally being shelved at present with battery determine the size of self-discharge rate, but cell voltage be between it is reversed
Reflect self discharge size, it is impossible to accurately reflect the self-discharge rate of battery.Especially ferric phosphate lithium cell, voltage platform are relatively flat compared with curve
Slow, the cell voltage of test is identical, and its capacity may differ by 10 ~ 15%.Judgement to battery consistency brings larger difficulty.
The content of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of lithium ion battery self discharge rate uniformity group gas-mixing screening method, solves lithium ion battery combo
The problem of self-discharge rate unanimously is difficult to effectively determine, avoids self discharge big or the battery combination combo of self discharge uniformity difference makes
With.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：A kind of lithium ion battery self discharge rate uniformity is matched somebody with somebody
Group screening technique, it is characterized in that：After the completion of lithium ion battery is melted into, make inside battery swollen by shrinking by discharge and recharge
Swollen process, then by shelving for the first time, constant current in limited time charge, shelve for the second time, the calculating of self-discharge rate, determine self-discharge of battery
Rate simultaneously carries out combo use of classifying, and comprises the following steps that：
The first step, low current chemical conversion, constant current 0.1C charge 4 hours, then constant current 0.2C chargings 2h chemical conversions；
Second step, shelve for the first time, 40 ± 3 DEG C are shelved 20 ~ 30 hours；
3rd step, charge-discharge test, battery 0.2C ~ 1C constant-current constant-voltage chargings, constant-current discharge, 2 ~ 4 discharge and recharges are carried out, most
0.2C ~ 1C constant current constant voltages are fully charged afterwards；
4th step, is shelved for the second time, under 45 ± 3 DEG C of environment, is shelved 48 hours ~ 72 hours；
5th step, constant current are charged in limited time, and 0.2C ~ 1C constant-current discharges, 0.2C ~ 1C constant-current charges, during restriction are carried out to battery
Between between 50 minutes ~ 285 minutes, 85 ~ 95% to be charged into rated capacity are defined, and the capacity marking being charged into is C1；
6th step, is shelved for the second time, is shelved 30 ~ 50 days under 23 ± 3 DEG C of environment of battery；
7th step, self-discharge rate calculate, and battery carries out 0.2C ~ 1C constant-current discharges, 0.2C ~ 1C constant currents perseverance after shelving for the second time
Charging, 0.2C ~ 1C constant-current discharges, 0.2C ~ 1C constant-current constant-voltage chargings are pressed, this step first time discharge capacity is labeled as C2,This step
Second of discharge capacity is labeled as C3, self-discharge rate η=（C1-C2）/C1×100%。
In the method, the lithium ion battery be ferric phosphate lithium cell, nickle cobalt lithium manganate battery, nickel cobalt aluminic acid lithium battery or
Lithium manganate battery.
In the method, ferric phosphate lithium cell constant-current constant-voltage charging blanking voltage is 3.65V, and constant-current discharge blanking voltage is
2.5V, nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary battery, nickel cobalt aluminium ternary battery, lithium manganate battery constant-current constant-voltage charging blanking voltage are 4.2V, constant current
Discharge cut-off voltage is 2.75V.
In the method, self-discharge rate η≤3%, during combo the self-discharge rate difference DELTA η of same Battery pack≤
1%。
In the method, the C3For capacity stepping when reference value.
Advantages of the present invention effect is：1st, battery high-temperature is shelved with the infiltration beneficial to lithium-ion battery electrolytes, and high
The expansion of temperature can allow the micro-short circuit point of inside battery to aggravate to be beneficial to later stage self discharge screening；2nd, because in charge and discharge process
Inside battery can carry out multiple discharge and recharge after chemical conversion, it is micro- to be beneficial to inside battery along with expansion and the process shunk, battery
The embodiment of short circuit and the screening of self-discharge rate；3rd, because voltage is the size of indirect reaction self-discharge of battery, exist inconsistent
Property.The present invention is lost by normal temperature shelf test capacity, calculates self-discharge rate.And the difference of self-discharge rate is controlled,
Effectively increase the uniformity of assembled battery self-discharge rate.
Embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the invention will be further described：A kind of lithium ion battery self discharge rate uniformity is matched somebody with somebody
Group screening technique, it is characterized in that：After the completion of lithium ion battery is melted into, make inside battery swollen by shrinking by discharge and recharge
Swollen process, then by shelving for the first time, constant current in limited time charge, shelve for the second time, the calculating of self-discharge rate, determine self-discharge of battery
Rate simultaneously carries out combo use of classifying, and comprises the following steps that：
The first step, low current chemical conversion, constant current 0.1C charge 4 hours, then constant current 0.2C chargings 2h chemical conversions；
Second step, shelve for the first time, 40 ± 3 DEG C are shelved 20 ~ 30 hours；
3rd step, charge-discharge test, battery 0.2C ~ 1C constant-current constant-voltage chargings, constant-current discharge, 2 ~ 4 discharge and recharges are carried out, most
0.2C ~ 1C constant current constant voltages are fully charged afterwards；
4th step, is shelved for the second time, under 45 ± 3 DEG C of environment, is shelved 48 hours ~ 72 hours；
5th step, constant current are charged in limited time, and 0.2C ~ 1C constant-current discharges, 0.2C ~ 1C constant-current charges, during restriction are carried out to battery
Between between 50 minutes ~ 285 minutes, 85 ~ 95% to be charged into rated capacity are defined, and the capacity marking being charged into is C1；
6th step, is shelved for the second time, is shelved 30 ~ 50 days under 23 ± 3 DEG C of environment of battery；
7th step, self-discharge rate calculate, and battery carries out 0.2C ~ 1C constant-current discharges, 0.2C ~ 1C constant currents perseverance after shelving for the second time
Charging, 0.2C ~ 1C constant-current discharges, 0.2C ~ 1C constant-current constant-voltage chargings are pressed, this step first time discharge capacity is labeled as C2,This step
Second of discharge capacity is labeled as C3, self-discharge rate η=（C1-C2）/C1×100%.In the present embodiment, the lithium ion battery
For ferric phosphate lithium cell, nickle cobalt lithium manganate battery, nickel cobalt aluminic acid lithium battery or lithium manganate battery.In the present embodiment, ferric phosphate
Lithium battery constant-current constant-voltage charging blanking voltage is 3.65V, and constant-current discharge blanking voltage is 2.5V, nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary battery, nickel cobalt
Aluminium ternary battery, lithium manganate battery constant-current constant-voltage charging blanking voltage are 4.2V, and constant-current discharge blanking voltage is 2.75V.At this
In embodiment, self-discharge rate η≤3%, self-discharge rate difference DELTA η≤1% of same Battery pack during combo.
In the present embodiment, the C3For capacity stepping when reference value.
Embodiment 1
10Ah self discharge of lithium iron phosphate batteries screen combo, comprise the following steps that：
The first step, low current chemical conversion, constant current 0.1C charge 4 hours, then constant current 0.2C chargings 2h chemical conversions；
Second step, first time high temperature are shelved, and 40 ± 3 DEG C of high temperature are shelved 24 hours；
3rd step, charge-discharge test, battery 0.5C constant-current charges to 3.65V, turn 3.65V constant-voltage charges to electric current ＜
0.02C, after shelving 5 minutes, 0.5C constant-current discharges to voltage 2.5V, 3 discharge and recharges are carried out, finally constant-current charge with 0.5C extremely
3.65V, turn 3.65V constant-voltage charges to electric current ＜ 0.02C, it is fully charged；
4th step, second of high temperature are shelved, and under 45 ± 3 DEG C of environment, are shelved 50 hours；
5th step, constant current are charged in limited time, and it is 2.5V to carry out 0.5C constant-current discharges to blanking voltage to battery, and 0.5C constant currents are filled
Electricity, the constant-current charge time is limited at 108 minutes, accounts for the 90% of rated capacity, the capacity being charged into is 9Ah, the capacity mark being charged into
It is designated as C1；
6th step, normal temperature shelf, shelve 40 days under 23 ± 3 DEG C of environment of battery normal temperature；
7th step, self-discharge rate calculate, and it is 2.5V, 0.5C that 0.5C constant-current discharges blanking voltage is carried out after battery normal temperature shelf
Constant-current charge to 3.65V, turn 3.65V constant-voltage charges to electric current ＜ 0.02C, 0.5C constant-current discharges to blanking voltage be 2.5V,
0.5C constant-current charges turn 3.65V constant-voltage charges to electric current ＜ 0.02C, this step first time discharge capacity and are labeled as C to 3.65V2,
Second of discharge capacity of this step is labeled as C3, self-discharge rate η=（C1-C2）/C1×100%.η values ＞ 3% battery is self discharge
Big battery, degrade and use.With C3Capacity is the capacity stepping foundation of battery.The battery of η value≤3% and Δ η≤1% carries out combo
It is applied in combination.
Embodiment 2
4.5Ah nickle cobalt lithium manganates self-discharge of battery screens combo, comprises the following steps that：
The first step, low current chemical conversion, constant current 0.1C charge 4 hours, then constant current 0.2C chargings 2h chemical conversions；
Second step, first time high temperature are shelved, and 40 ± 3 DEG C of high temperature are shelved 20 hours；
3rd step, charge-discharge test, battery 0.3C constant-current charges to 4.2V, turn 4.2V constant-voltage charges to electric current ＜ 0.02C,
After shelving 5 minutes, 0.3C constant-current discharges to voltage 2.5V, 2 discharge and recharges are carried out, finally with 0.3C constant-current charges to 4.2V, turned
4.2V constant-voltage charges are fully charged to electric current ＜ 0.02C；
4th step, second of high temperature are shelved, and under 45 ± 3 DEG C of environment, are shelved 48 hours；
5th step, constant current are charged in limited time, and it is 2.75V to carry out 0.3C constant-current discharges to blanking voltage to battery, 0.3C constant currents
Charging, the constant-current charge time is limited at 170 minutes, accounts for the 85% of rated capacity, the capacity being charged into is 3.825Ah, is charged into
Capacity marking is C1；
6th step, normal temperature shelf, shelve 30 days under 23 ± 3 DEG C of environment of battery normal temperature；
7th step, self-discharge rate calculate, carry out after battery normal temperature shelf 0.3C constant-current discharges blanking voltage be 2.75V,
0.3C constant-current charges to 4.2V, turn 4.2V constant-voltage charges to electric current ＜ 0.02C, 0.3C constant-current discharges to blanking voltage be 2.75V,
0.3C constant-current charges turn 4.2V constant-voltage charges to electric current ＜ 0.02C, this step first time discharge capacity and are labeled as C to 4.2V2,This
Step second discharge capacity is labeled as C3, self-discharge rate η=（C1-C2）/C1×100%.η values ＞ 3% battery is that self discharge is big
Battery, degrade use.With C3Capacity is the capacity stepping foundation of battery.The battery of η value≤3% and Δ η≤1% carries out combo group
Close and use.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of lithium ion battery self discharge rate uniformity group gas-mixing screening method, it is characterized in that：It is melted into lithium ion battery
After the completion of, inside battery is passed through convergent-divergent process by discharge and recharge, then shelved by first time high temperature, second of high temperature is put
Put, constant current prescribe a time limit charging, the calculating of normal temperature shelf, self-discharge rate, determine battery self discharge rate and carry out classify combo use, have
Body step is as follows：
The first step, low current chemical conversion, constant current 0.1C charge 4 hours, then constant current 0.2C chargings 2h chemical conversions；
Second step, first time high temperature are shelved, and 40 ± 3 DEG C of high temperature are shelved 20 ~ 30 hours；
3rd step, charge-discharge test, battery 0.2C ~ 1C constant-current constant-voltage chargings, constant-current discharge, 2 ~ 4 discharge and recharges are carried out, finally
0.2C ~ 1C constant current constant voltages are fully charged；
4th step, second of high temperature are shelved, and under 45 ± 3 DEG C of environment, are shelved 48 hours ~ 72 hours；
5th step, constant current are charged in limited time, and 0.2C ~ 1C constant-current discharges, 0.2C ~ 1C constant-current charges are carried out to battery, and limiting time exists
Between 50 minutes ~ 285 minutes, 85 ~ 95% to be charged into rated capacity are defined, and the capacity marking being charged into is C1；
6th step, normal temperature shelf, shelve 30 ~ 50 days under 23 ± 3 DEG C of environment of battery normal temperature；
7th step, self-discharge rate（Labeled as η）Calculate, it is permanent that 0.2C ~ 1C constant-current discharges, 0.2C ~ 1C are carried out after battery normal temperature shelf
Constant-voltage charge, 0.2C ~ 1C constant-current discharges, 0.2C ~ 1C constant-current constant-voltage chargings are flowed, this step first time discharge capacity is labeled as C2,
Second of discharge capacity of this step is labeled as C3, self-discharge rate η=（C1-C2）/C1×100%。
2. a kind of lithium ion battery self discharge rate uniformity group gas-mixing screening method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：It is described
Lithium ion battery is ferric phosphate lithium cell, nickle cobalt lithium manganate battery, nickel cobalt aluminic acid lithium battery or lithium manganate battery.
3. a kind of lithium ion battery self discharge rate uniformity group gas-mixing screening method according to claim 1 or claim 2, it is characterized in that：
Ferric phosphate lithium cell constant-current constant-voltage charging blanking voltage is 3.65V, and constant-current discharge blanking voltage is 2.5V, and nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary is electric
Pond, nickel cobalt aluminium ternary battery, lithium manganate battery constant-current constant-voltage charging blanking voltage are 4.2V, and constant-current discharge blanking voltage is
2.75V。
4. a kind of lithium ion battery self discharge rate uniformity group gas-mixing screening method according to claim 3, it is characterized in that：It is described
Self-discharge rate η≤3%, self-discharge rate difference DELTA η≤1% of same Battery pack during combo.
5. a kind of lithium ion battery self discharge rate uniformity group gas-mixing screening method according to claim 4, it is characterized in that：It is described
C3For capacity stepping when reference value.
6. a kind of lithium ion battery self discharge rate uniformity group gas-mixing screening method according to claim 5, it is characterized in that：10Ah
Self discharge of lithium iron phosphate battery screens combo, comprises the following steps that：
The first step, low current chemical conversion, constant current 0.1C charge 4 hours, then constant current 0.2C chargings 2h chemical conversions；
Second step, first time high temperature are shelved, and 40 ± 3 DEG C of high temperature are shelved 24 hours；
3rd step, charge-discharge test, battery 0.5C constant-current charges to 3.65V, turn 3.65V constant-voltage charges to electric current ＜ 0.02C, put
After putting 5 minutes, 0.5C constant-current discharges to voltage 2.5V, 3 discharge and recharges are carried out, finally with 0.5C constant-current charges to 3.65V, turned
3.65V constant-voltage charges are fully charged to electric current ＜ 0.02C；
4th step, second of high temperature are shelved, and under 45 ± 3 DEG C of environment, are shelved 50 hours；
5th step, constant current are charged in limited time, and it is 2.5V to carry out 0.5C constant-current discharges to blanking voltage to battery, 0.5C constant-current charges,
The constant-current charge time is limited at 108 minutes, accounts for the 90% of rated capacity, the capacity being charged into is 9Ah, the capacity marking being charged into
For C1；
6th step, normal temperature shelf, shelve 40 days under 23 ± 3 DEG C of environment of battery normal temperature；
7th step, self-discharge rate calculate, and it is 2.5V, 0.5C constant current that 0.5C constant-current discharges blanking voltage is carried out after battery normal temperature shelf
3.65V is charged to, it is 2.5V, 0.5C permanent to turn 3.65V constant-voltage charges to electric current ＜ 0.02C, 0.5C constant-current discharges to blanking voltage
Current charge turns 3.65V constant-voltage charges to electric current ＜ 0.02C, this step first time discharge capacity and is labeled as C to 3.65V2,This step
Second of discharge capacity is labeled as C3, self-discharge rate η=（C1-C2）/C1× 100%, η value ＞ 3% battery is the big electricity of self discharge
Pond, degrade and use, with C3Capacity is the capacity stepping foundation of battery, and the battery progress combo combination of η value≤3% and Δ η≤1% makes
With.
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