CN105633462A - Electrolyte containing fluorine-containing sulfite compound and lithium ion secondary battery containing electrolyte - Google Patents
Electrolyte containing fluorine-containing sulfite compound and lithium ion secondary battery containing electrolyte Download PDFInfo
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- CN105633462A CN105633462A CN201610008353.5A CN201610008353A CN105633462A CN 105633462 A CN105633462 A CN 105633462A CN 201610008353 A CN201610008353 A CN 201610008353A CN 105633462 A CN105633462 A CN 105633462A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0567—Liquid materials characterised by the additives
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0025—Organic electrolyte
- H01M2300/0028—Organic electrolyte characterised by the solvent
- H01M2300/0037—Mixture of solvents
- H01M2300/004—Three solvents
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The invention relates to an electrolyte containing a fluorine-containing sulfite compound and a lithium ion secondary battery containing the electrolyte. The electrolyte comprises lithium salt, an organic solvent and an additive, wherein the usage mass of the additive is 0.1-10% of the total mass of the lithium salt and the organic solvent; the additive is the fluorine-containing sulfite compound, and can be reacted on the surface of an electrode prior to the electrolyte to form an interface film, so that the electrode/electrolyte interfacial property is improved, the oxidization or reduction decomposition of the electrolyte on the electrode material is restrained, and the compatibility of the electrolyte and the electrode is improved; and in addition, the dissolving-out of transitional metal from the electrode can be reduced, and the deposition and reduction of the transitional metal on the surrounding places can be restrained, so that the electrode material is protected.
Description
Technical field
The present invention designs lithium ion battery preparation field, is specifically related to a kind of electrolyte containing fluorine-containing sulfite compounds and the lithium rechargeable battery containing this electrolyte.
Background technology
Lithium ion battery because its specific energy is high, volume is little, light weight, memory-less effect, the advantage such as have extended cycle life be widely used in portable electric appts. But, along with the fast development of portable type electronic product, increasingly higher requirement is proposed the specific energy of lithium ion. Currently in order to improve the energy density of lithium ion battery, researcheres are mainly through the positive electrode of exploitation high power capacity, high working voltage (more than 4.2V), as improved the running voltage (more than 4.2V) of lithium cobalt composite oxide, complex Li-Mn-oxide, the lithium violent composite oxides of nickel etc. of exploitation high working voltage. But, these positive electrodes are susceptible to structural change when high working voltage, transition metal occurs to dissolve and deposit on negative pole, and additionally conventional organic solvent is easier to decompose under high voltages, and these factors result in the deterioration of high-voltage lithium ion batteries performance.
Research shows, can provide the cycle performance of high-voltage lithium ion batteries by positive electrode carries out Surface coating or doping. But these method of modifying would generally along with the loss of gram volume, and method of modifying is complicated, technique is loaded down with trivial details, increase production cost. Meanwhile, research worker improves the chemical property of high-voltage lithium ion batteries by development of new resistance to oxidation electrolyte, such as lactone and sulfone kind solvent electrolyte. But these novel electrolytes are poor with the compatibility of battery electrode, and ionic conductivity is lower than carbonyldioxy electrolyte, thus their application is restricted.
The advantages such as the application of functional additives for Li-ion battery electrolytes is simple due to method, and effect is notable, with low cost receive the concern of widely studied person. These years, people, mainly from improving electrode/electrolyte interfacial property Discussion on Direction, develop high-voltage lithium-ion battery electrolyte additive, such as LiBOB, thiophene, methane-disulfonic acid methylene ester and nitrile Organic substance etc. But the kind of high-voltage lithium-ion battery electrolyte additive is still less at present, effect is single. Therefore, development of new electrolyte functional additive improves the electrode/electrolyte interfacial property of high-voltage lithium ion batteries and seems very necessary.
Summary of the invention
In view of the problem existing for background technology, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of electrolyte containing fluorine-containing sulfite compounds and the lithium rechargeable battery containing this electrolyte, electrolyte can improve battery positive and negative electrode/electrolyte interface character, improve the stability of organic electrolyte, it is suppressed that the flatulence of lithium ion battery. These character ensure that high-voltage lithium ion batteries has good cycle life and high-temperature behavior.
Another object of the present invention is to the preparation method that the described electrolyte containing fluorine-containing sulfite compounds is provided.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of electrolyte containing fluorine-containing sulfite compounds, including organic solvent, electric conducting lithium salt and additive, wherein: described organic solvent is selected from more than one of cyclic carbonate solvents, aromatic hydrocarbon solvent and linear solvent, described additive is fluorine-containing sulfite compounds, and structural formula is as follows:
In above-mentioned chemical formula (1), above-mentioned R1��R2Chemical formula be CaFbHcOd (4 a 0, b, c, d 0), wherein C is carbon atom, and F is fluorine atom, and H is hydrogen atom, and O is oxygen atom.
Described fluorine-containing sulfite compounds is as additive level is electrolyte gross weight 0.1%��10%.
Described fluorine-containing sulfite compounds is trifluoromethanesulfonic acid trifluoro ethyl ester.
The proportioning of cyclic carbonate solvents and linear carbonate solvent is mass ratio is 1:1��3:2, the final concentration of 0.8��1.5mol/L of electric conducting lithium salt.
Described cyclic carbonate solvents be preferably ethylene carbonate, Allyl carbonate, fluorinated ethylene carbonate, gamma butyrolactone and �� valerolactone more than one;
Described linear carbonate solvent includes dimethyl carbonate (DMC), Ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), more than one of ethyl acetate, methyl propyl carbonate (MPC), ethers and fluoro-ether.
Described electric conducting lithium salt is selected from lithium hexafluoro phosphate (LiPF6), LiBF4 (LiBF4), dioxalic acid Lithium biborate (LiBOB), difluorine oxalic acid boracic acid lithium (LiDFOB), trifluoromethyl sulfonic acid lithium (LiSO3CF3), lithium perchlorate (LiClO4), hexafluoroarsenate lithium (LiAsF6), bis trifluoromethyl sulfimide lithium (Li (CF3SO2)2N) one or more in;
A kind of preparation method of electrolyte containing fluorine-containing sulfite compounds, the preparation method of electrolyte is:
(1) will use after organic solvent in proportion boutMolecular sieve, calcium hydride, lithium hydride clarification, dewater;
(2) at ambient temperature, electric conducting lithium salt is added in the solvent that step (1) is obtained, obtain general electrolytic liquid;
(3) add typical additives, and stir; Adding functional additive, what prepare the present invention obtains the high-voltage electrolyte for lithium rechargeable battery containing fluorine-containing sulfite additive.
A kind of lithium rechargeable battery, including the electrolyte of the fluorine-containing sulfite compounds described in positive electrode active materials, negative active core-shell material, barrier film and any one of claim 18, the lithium-containing transition metal oxide of positive electrode is: LiCoO2��LiNiO2��LiMnO2��LiMn2O4��Li(NiaCobMnc) (0 < a < 1,0 <b < 1,0 < C < 1, a+b+C=1), LiNi1�\yMnyO2��LiNi1�\yMnyO2(0�Qz�Q2)��LiMx(PO4)y(M is Ni, Co, Mn, Ti, V, 0 x 5,0 y 5) more than one;
Negative material is more than one that can embed, deviate from the material with carbon element of lithium ion, lithium metal, silicon or stannum and oxide thereof; Barrier film be weave cotton cloth, the one of non-woven fabrics and synthetic resin micro-porous film; Lithium ion battery includes the electrolyte of the present invention. The running voltage of high-voltage lithium ion batteries is higher than 4.2V.
The present invention has such advantages as relative to prior art and effect:
(1) additive fluorine-containing sulfite compounds can at cathode interface oxidation filming thus improving cathode material in high-tension stability; suppress caving in of crystal structure; this interfacial film can reduce transition metal from the dissolution positive pole; shield electrode material; be conducive to improving high voltage cycle stability and the high-temperature behavior of lithium ion battery, and can effectively suppress the flatulence problem of battery.
(2) can forming interfacial film at anode surface containing sulfite functional group, this interfacial film can suppress transition metal to reduce in the deposition of negative pole, slows down the transition metal destruction at anode, improves the cycle life of battery.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited to this.
Embodiment 1
(1) by cyclic carbonate solvents ethylene carbonate (EC) and EC: the EMC:DEC=3:5:2 mixing in mass ratio of linear carbonate solvent Ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), and adopt molecular sieve, calcium hydride, lithium hydride clarification, dewater;
(2) at ambient temperature, by electric conducting lithium salt LiPF6It is dissolved in the solvent that step (1) obtains, final concentration of 1.0mol/L, stir, obtain general electrolytic liquid;
(3) being added into the fluorinated ethylene carbonate of typical additives 1wt.% and the propane sultone of 1wt.%, trifluoromethanesulfonic acid trifluoro ethyl ester in general electrolytic liquid prepared by step (2), consumption is the 0.5wt.% of electrolyte quality; Obtain the high-voltage electrolyte for lithium ion battery.
Embodiment 2
(1) by cyclic carbonate solvents ethylene carbonate (EC) and EC: the EMC:DEC=3:5:2 mixing in mass ratio of linear carbonate solvent Ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), adopt molecular sieve, calcium hydride, lithium hydride clarification, dewater;
(2) at ambient temperature, by electric conducting lithium salt LiPF6It is dissolved in the solvent that step (1) obtains, final concentration of 1mol/L, stir, be made into general electrolytic liquid;
(3) being added into the fluorinated ethylene carbonate of typical additives 1wt.% and the propane sultone of 1wt.%, trifluoromethanesulfonic acid trifluoro ethyl ester in general electrolytic liquid prepared by step (2), consumption is the 1wt.% of electrolyte quality; Obtain the high-voltage electrolyte for lithium ion battery.
Embodiment 3
(1) by cyclic carbonate solvents ethylene carbonate (EC) and EC: the EMC:DEC=3:5:2 mixing in mass ratio of linear carbonate solvent Ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), adopt molecular sieve, calcium hydride, lithium hydride clarification, dewater;
(2) at ambient temperature, by electric conducting lithium salt LiPF6It is dissolved in the solvent that step (1) obtains, final concentration of 1.0mol/L, stir, be made into general electrolytic liquid;
(3) being added into the fluorinated ethylene carbonate of typical additives 1wt.% and the propane sultone of 1wt.%, trifluoromethanesulfonic acid trifluoro ethyl ester in general electrolytic liquid prepared by step (2), consumption is the 1.5wt.% of electrolyte quality; Obtain the high-voltage electrolyte for lithium ion battery.
Embodiment 4
(1) by cyclic carbonate solvents ethylene carbonate (EC) and EC: the EMC:DEC=3:5:2 mixing in mass ratio of linear carbonate solvent Ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), adopt molecular sieve, calcium hydride, lithium hydride clarification, dewater;
(2) at ambient temperature, by electric conducting lithium salt LiPF6It is dissolved in the solvent that step (1) obtains, final concentration of 1.0mol/L, stir, be made into general electrolytic liquid;
(3) being added into the fluorinated ethylene carbonate of typical additives 1wt.% and the propane sultone of 1wt.%, trifluoromethanesulfonic acid trifluoro ethyl ester in general electrolytic liquid prepared by step (2), consumption is the 2wt.% of electrolyte quality; Obtain the high-voltage electrolyte for lithium ion battery.
Embodiment 5
(1) by cyclic carbonate solvents ethylene carbonate (EC) and EC: the EMC:DEC=3:5:2 mixing in mass ratio of linear carbonate solvent Ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), adopt molecular sieve, calcium hydride, lithium hydride clarification, dewater;
(2) at ambient temperature, by electric conducting lithium salt LiPF6It is dissolved in the solvent that step (1) obtains, final concentration of 1.2mol/L, stir, be made into general electrolytic liquid;
(3) being added into the fluorinated ethylene carbonate of typical additives 1wt.% and the propane sultone of 1wt.%, trifluoromethanesulfonic acid trifluoro ethyl ester in general electrolytic liquid prepared by step (2), consumption is the 3wt.% of electrolyte quality; Obtain the high-voltage electrolyte for lithium ion battery.
Embodiment 6
(1) by cyclic carbonate solvents ethylene carbonate (EC) and EC: the EMC:DEC=3:5:2 mixing in mass ratio of linear carbonate solvent Ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), adopt molecular sieve, calcium hydride, lithium hydride clarification, dewater;
(2) at ambient temperature, by electric conducting lithium salt LiPF6It is dissolved in the solvent that step (1) obtains, final concentration of 1.2mol/L, stir, be made into general electrolytic liquid;
(3) being added into the fluorinated ethylene carbonate of typical additives 1wt.% and the propane sultone of 1wt.%, trifluoromethanesulfonic acid trifluoro ethyl ester in general electrolytic liquid prepared by step (2), consumption is the 5wt.% of electrolyte quality; Obtain the high-voltage electrolyte for lithium ion battery.
Embodiment 7
(1) by cyclic carbonate solvents ethylene carbonate (EC) and EC: the EMC:DEC=3:5:2 mixing in mass ratio of linear carbonate solvent Ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), adopt molecular sieve, calcium hydride, lithium hydride clarification, dewater;
(2) at ambient temperature, by electric conducting lithium salt LiPF6It is dissolved in the solvent that step (1) obtains, final concentration of 1.2mol/L, stir, be made into general electrolytic liquid;
(3) being added into the fluorinated ethylene carbonate of typical additives 1wt.% and the propane sultone of 1wt.%, trifluoromethanesulfonic acid trifluoro ethyl ester in general electrolytic liquid prepared by step (2), consumption is the 1wt.% of electrolyte quality; Obtain the high-voltage electrolyte for lithium ion battery.
Comparative example 1
The preparation method of the lithium-ion battery electrolytes of this comparative example and embodiment 1 are identical, institute the difference is that, do not use trifluoromethanesulfonic acid trifluoro ethyl ester, the nonaqueous electrolytic solution so prepared tested its performance according in the method application identical with embodiment 1 and full battery.
Comparative example 2
The preparation method of the lithium-ion battery electrolytes of this comparative example and embodiment 7 are identical, institute the difference is that, do not use trifluoromethanesulfonic acid trifluoro ethyl ester, the nonaqueous electrolytic solution so prepared tested its performance according in the method application identical with embodiment 7 and full battery.
Lithium battery prepared by the electrolyte of above example is tested, and method of testing is as follows:
Charge-discharge test condition: in order to measure the lithium ion battery charge-discharge performance using the nonaqueous electrolytic solution invented, carry out following operation: conventionally prepare lithium cobaltate cathode sheet, graphite cathode sheet, using embodiment 1 to prepare electrolyte fluid injection in glove box uses above-mentioned pole piece to prepare 053048 type soft-package battery, with new prestige (BS 9300R type) battery test system, 053048 type battery of preparation being carried out charge-discharge test, the battery simultaneously prepared with comparative example electrolyte compares. Battery circulates with 1C charge-discharge magnification in the scope of voltage range 3.0 4.4V.
The electrolyte containing fluorine-containing sulfite compounds embodiment 17 prepared and the general electrolytic liquid of embodiment 17 preparation make lithium rechargeable battery, and performance is following table such as:
By data above it can be seen that the present invention selects trifluoromethanesulfonic acid trifluoro ethyl ester to be additive, within the scope of finite concentration, after the circulation in 300 weeks of the battery prepared by embodiment 17, the capability retention of battery significantly improves, and has obvious advantage.
Being above illustrating of the possible embodiments for the present invention, but this embodiment is not intended to limit the scope of the claims of the present invention, all equivalences done without departing from the technology of the present invention spirit are implemented or change, and are intended to be limited solely by within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the electrolyte containing fluorine-containing sulfite compounds, including organic solvent, electric conducting lithium salt and additive, wherein: described organic solvent elect as cyclic carbonate and linear carbonates one and more than, described additive is fluorine-containing sulfite compounds, and structural formula is as follows:
In above-mentioned chemical formula (1), above-mentioned R1��R2Chemical formula be CaFbHcOd (4 a, b, c, d 0), wherein C is carbon atom, and F is fluorine atom, and H is hydrogen atom, and O is oxygen atom.
2. the electrolyte of fluorine-containing sulfite compounds according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described fluorine-containing sulfite compounds is as additive level is electrolyte gross weight 0.1%��10%.
3. the electrolyte of fluorine-containing sulfite compounds according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described fluorine-containing sulfite compounds is trifluoromethanesulfonic acid trifluoro ethyl ester.
4. the electrolyte of fluorine-containing sulfite compounds according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the proportioning of cyclic carbonate solvents and linear carbonate solvent is mass ratio is 1:1��3:2, the final concentration of 0.8��1.5mol/L of electric conducting lithium salt.
5. the electrolyte containing fluorine-containing sulfite compounds according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described cyclic carbonate solvents is more than one in ethylene carbonate, Allyl carbonate, fluorinated ethylene carbonate, gamma butyrolactone and �� valerolactone.
6. the electrolyte containing fluorine-containing sulfite compounds according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described linear carbonate solvent is at least one in dimethyl carbonate, Ethyl methyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate or methyl propyl carbonate.
7. the electrolyte containing fluorine-containing sulfite compounds according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described electric conducting lithium salt is lithium hexafluoro phosphate (LiPF6), LiBF4 (LiBF4), dioxalic acid Lithium biborate (LiBOB), difluorine oxalic acid boracic acid lithium (LiDFOB), trifluoromethyl sulfonic acid lithium (LiSO3CF3), lithium perchlorate (LiClO4), hexafluoroarsenate lithium (LiAsF6), bis trifluoromethyl sulfimide lithium (Li (CF3SO2)2N) at least one in.
8. the electrolyte containing fluorine-containing sulfite compounds according to claim 1, wherein: described electrolyte also comprises conventional additive, described typical additives be vinylene carbonate, vinylethylene carbonate, propane sultone, butyl sultone, adiponitrile, succinonitrile, LiBOB, LiDFOB, in more than one, described typical additives accounts for the 0.1 10.0% of nonaqueous electrolytic solution gross mass.
9. the preparation method of an electrolyte: including:
(1) use after organic solvent being mixed in proportionMolecular sieve, calcium hydride, lithium hydride clarification, dewater;
(2) at ambient temperature, electric conducting lithium salt is dissolved in above-mentioned organic solvent, and stirs;
(3) add typical additives, and stir;
(4) additive is added, the electrolyte of prepared fluorine-containing sulfite compounds described in any one of claim 18.
10. a lithium rechargeable battery, electrolyte including the fluorine-containing sulfite compounds described in positive electrode active materials, negative active core-shell material, barrier film and any one of claim 18, positive electrode active materials is a kind of lithium-containing transition metal oxide, and positive electrode active materials is more than one of following material: LiCoO2��LiNiO2��LiMnO2��LiMn2O4��Li(NiaCobMnc)O2(0 < a < 1,0 <b < 1,0 < C < 1, a+b+C=1), LiNi1�\yMnyO2��LiNi1�\yMnyO2(0�Qz�Q2)��LiMx(PO4)y(M is Ni, Co, Mn, Ti, V, 0 x 5,0 y 5);
Negative active core-shell material is can more than one in the material with carbon element of intercalation/deintercalation lithium ion, lithium metal, silicon or stannum and oxide thereof; Barrier film be from weaving cotton cloth, non-woven fabrics and synthetic resin micro-porous film any one.
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| CN112079755A (en) * | 2019-06-12 | 2020-12-15 | 中科利民(浙江)新能源有限公司 | Process for preparing fluorides and intermediates thereof |
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