CN105617830B - 城乡有机废弃物发酵净化提纯生产车用生物氢烷气的方法 - Google Patents
城乡有机废弃物发酵净化提纯生产车用生物氢烷气的方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105617830B CN105617830B CN201511023788.9A CN201511023788A CN105617830B CN 105617830 B CN105617830 B CN 105617830B CN 201511023788 A CN201511023788 A CN 201511023788A CN 105617830 B CN105617830 B CN 105617830B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- gas
- mixed gas
- concentration
- fermentation
- mixed
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 50
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims description 35
- -1 hydrogen alkane Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 19
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical group NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000012510 hollow fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperazine Chemical compound C1CNCCN1 GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- CRVGTESFCCXCTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(C)CCO CRVGTESFCCXCTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005261 decarburization Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- QZAYGJVTTNCVMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N serotonin Chemical compound C1=C(O)C=C2C(CCN)=CNC2=C1 QZAYGJVTTNCVMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 6
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 229940076279 serotonin Drugs 0.000 claims 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000008246 gaseous mixture Substances 0.000 claims 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 37
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000005262 decarbonization Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000003009 desulfurizing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 21
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 10
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] Chemical compound [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 8
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 2
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010794 food waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000696 methanogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- MXXWOMGUGJBKIW-YPCIICBESA-N piperine Chemical compound C=1C=C2OCOC2=CC=1/C=C/C=C/C(=O)N1CCCCC1 MXXWOMGUGJBKIW-YPCIICBESA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940075559 piperine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- WVWHRXVVAYXKDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N piperine Natural products O=C(C=CC=Cc1ccc2OCOc2c1)C3CCCCN3 WVWHRXVVAYXKDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000019100 piperine Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- FIINVRHWVBUYAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[(2-methoxyphenyl)methylamino]-1-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethanol Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC=C1CNCC(O)C1=CC=CC(OC(F)(F)F)=C1 FIINVRHWVBUYAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BCHZICNRHXRCHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2h-oxazine Chemical compound N1OC=CC=C1 BCHZICNRHXRCHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010806 kitchen waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002207 metabolite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005325 percolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019260 propionic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/75—Multi-step processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/48—Sulfur compounds
- B01D53/52—Hydrogen sulfide
- B01D53/526—Mixtures of hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/62—Carbon oxides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/77—Liquid phase processes
- B01D53/78—Liquid phase processes with gas-liquid contact
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
- C10L3/06—Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by C10G, C10K3/02 or C10K3/04
- C10L3/10—Working-up natural gas or synthetic natural gas
- C10L3/101—Removal of contaminants
- C10L3/102—Removal of contaminants of acid contaminants
- C10L3/103—Sulfur containing contaminants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
- C10L3/06—Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by C10G, C10K3/02 or C10K3/04
- C10L3/10—Working-up natural gas or synthetic natural gas
- C10L3/101—Removal of contaminants
- C10L3/102—Removal of contaminants of acid contaminants
- C10L3/104—Carbon dioxide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
- C10L3/06—Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by C10G, C10K3/02 or C10K3/04
- C10L3/10—Working-up natural gas or synthetic natural gas
- C10L3/101—Removal of contaminants
- C10L3/106—Removal of contaminants of water
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/80—Organic bases or salts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2256/00—Main component in the product gas stream after treatment
- B01D2256/16—Hydrogen
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2256/00—Main component in the product gas stream after treatment
- B01D2256/24—Hydrocarbons
- B01D2256/245—Methane
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/30—Sulfur compounds
- B01D2257/304—Hydrogen sulfide
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/50—Carbon oxides
- B01D2257/504—Carbon dioxide
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
- B01D2259/12—Methods and means for introducing reactants
- B01D2259/124—Liquid reactants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
- C10L2290/08—Drying or removing water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
- C10L2290/54—Specific separation steps for separating fractions, components or impurities during preparation or upgrading of a fuel
- C10L2290/542—Adsorption of impurities during preparation or upgrading of a fuel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
- Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
- Y02C20/40—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of CO2
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Gas Separation By Absorption (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及生物质废弃物利用技术,旨在提供城乡有机废弃物发酵净化提纯生产车用生物氢烷气的方法。该方法包括步骤:将城乡有机废弃物发酵成的混合气体收集储存,增压后进行脱硫,冷却后再增压,然后进行脱水脱碳,再冷却压缩脱水后,即得到H2和CH4总浓度高于95%的车用生物氢烷气。本发明针对城乡有机废弃物发酵制备的混合气体进行脱硫脱水脱碳提纯,能得到H2和CH4总浓度高于95%的车用生物氢烷气,H2S浓度低于15mg/m3,高位发热量大于31.415MJ/m3,达到车用压缩天然气的国家标准,能够替代石化天然气应用于天然气汽车,具有显著的经济环境和社会效益。
Description
技术领域
本发明是关于生物质废弃物利用技术领域,特别涉及城乡有机废弃物发酵净化提纯生产车用生物氢烷气的方法。
背景技术
氢气具有能量密度高、燃烧产物只有水、对环境无污染、方便储存运输等优点,故是一种理想清洁的无碳新能源。最近几年来,世界范围内以氢气为原料的燃料电池以及氢燃电动汽车的迅猛发展加速了“氢能经济”的进程,故氢能的制备、储存和利用技术开发已成为世界各国实现可持续发展的战略必争领域。我国政府大力支持氢能技术开发,在国家中长期科技发展纲要的前沿技术领域中,开发高效低成本的可再生能源制氢技术是重点支持的先进能源技术之一。利用生物质废弃物发酵制取氢气新能源是国内外的前沿研究热点和高技术竞争焦点。将生物质发酵得到的氢气和甲烷按照一定比例配制成生物氢烷气,具有比纯天然气更优异的节能减排效果。由于氢气的点火能量低(不需要高能点火系统)、燃烧速度高(大约是天然气的8倍)、稀薄燃烧极限低(淬熄距离只有天然气的30%)等突出优势,故汽车发动机燃用生物氢烷气比纯天然气的热效率提高约2-3%,降低CO和HC等污染物排放约400-600ppm。由于发动机热效率提高,故一辆出租车燃用生物氢烷气比燃用天然气的燃料费用降低约10%,通过节能减排取得显著的经济环境和社会效益。
目前对城乡有机废弃物发酵制氢的研究较为活跃,Okamoto利用碳水化合物、蛋白质和脂类作为产氢原料进行研究,结果表明碳水化合物是最佳产氢原料;Lay的研究结果指出,生活有机垃圾的总固体(TS)产氢能力为140~180mL/g;Fang以大米浆为原料的研究结果表明,最佳产氢pH值为4.5,底物浓度5.5g/L,挥发性气体(VS)氢气产率为346mL/g,相当于理论产率的62.6%;Shin以餐厨垃圾为原料比较了中温和高温厌氧发酵制氢,结果表明,由于在高温条件抑制了甲烷和丙酸的生成,它的氢气产率比中温条件下高;Han研究了餐厨垃圾的渗滤床反应器发酵制氢,当稀释率为4.5d-1时具有最佳产氢性能。曹先艳考察了氨氮对餐厨垃圾厌氧发酵产氢的影响,结果指出,在一定浓度范围内,对产氢有促进作用,当氨氮浓度为6.24g/L时,得到最大的氢VS气产率126.8mL/g,当氨氮浓度大于7.89g/L时,对产氢有抑制作用。但是厌氧发酵产氢总是伴随着中间产物的生成,包括醇类和挥发性有机酸(VFA),这一生化机理决定了厌氧发酵制氢不能完全回收有机质中的能量,限制了该技术的工业应用。因此,可利用厌氧发酵联产氢气和甲烷的方式来提高能源回收率:在产氢阶段,产氢细菌发酵生活有机垃圾生成氢气和中间代谢产物(醇类和VFA);在产甲烷阶段,产甲烷细菌利用中间产物以及产氢阶段未被降解的残余物进一步生成甲烷。但是对于发酵联产氢气和甲烷后的混合气体净化提纯和脱碳压缩生产车用生物氢烷气的技术方法还很少文献报道。
发明内容
本发明的主要目的在于克服现有技术中的不足,提供一种利用城乡有机废弃物发酵净化提纯生产车用生物氢烷气的方法。为解决上述技术问题,本发明的解决方案是:
提供城乡有机废弃物发酵净化提纯生产车用生物氢烷气的方法,具体包括下述步骤:
(1)将城乡有机废弃物发酵成的混合气体收集储存(混合气压力为1~3kPa、温度为18~20℃)后,将混合气体经鼓风机增压至20~40kPa;
(2)利用膜式湿法脱硫反应器对增压后的混合气体进行脱硫,膜式湿法脱硫反应器中装填有中空纤维膜,将混合气体以流量320~400m3/h通入中空纤维膜内侧由上而下流动,并将质量浓度为25~35%的混合醇胺溶液通入中空纤维膜外侧,通过逆向流动脱除混合气体中的H2S;
(3)将脱硫后的混合气体冷却后,增压到0.8~1.0Mpa,再经固体分子筛(沸石型硅酸铝盐)吸附脱除混合气体中的H2O;
(4)将脱除水分后的混合气体以流量32~50m3/h自下而上通入脱碳吸收塔,与质量浓度为30%的复合胺基吸收剂逆向流动反应,然后将脱除CO2提纯后的混合气体由脱碳吸收塔的塔顶引出,再冷却至20~40℃;
(5)将经过步骤(4)处理后的混合气体压缩到20MPa,经固体分子筛(沸石型硅酸铝盐)吸附脱除水分后,即得到H2和CH4总浓度高于95%的车用生物氢烷气。
在本发明中,所述城乡有机废弃物发酵制备的混合气体,含有的成分为:5~21%的H2、35~63%的CH4、30~50%的CO2、0.2~1%的H2S、0.2~1%的H2O;各成分的浓度为体积浓度。
在本发明中,所述步骤(2)中使用的膜式湿法脱硫反应器,装填的中空纤维膜为聚丙烯中空纤维膜,膜内径为0.4mm,孔隙率为60%,平均孔径为0.01~0.1μm。
在本发明中,所述步骤(2)中,混合醇胺溶液是溶质为乙醇胺和甲基二乙醇胺,溶剂为水的混合溶液,其中,乙醇胺的质量浓度为10~15%,甲基二乙醇胺的质量浓度15~20%(水的质量浓度为65~75%)。
在本发明中,所述步骤(2)中,使用后的混合醇胺溶液经过在温度110~120℃条件下加热使CO2气体完全脱附进行再生处理后,能重新进入膜式湿法脱硫反应器进行利用。
在本发明中,所述步骤(4)中,复合胺基吸收剂是溶质为乙醇胺、N甲基二乙醇胺和哌嗪,溶剂为水的混合溶液,其中,乙醇胺、N甲基二乙醇胺和哌嗪的摩尔比为1:1:0.6。
在本发明中,所述步骤(4)中,使用后的复合胺基吸收剂经过在温度110~120℃条件下加热使CO2气体完全脱附进行再生处理后,能重新进入脱碳吸收塔进行利用。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:
本发明的方法针对城乡有机废弃物发酵制备的混合气体(含有的成分为:5~21%的H2、35~63%的CH4、30~50%的CO2、0.2~1%的H2S、0.2~1%的H2O;各成分的浓度为体积浓度)进行脱硫脱水脱碳提纯,使发酵混合气体中CO2脱除效率高达95~99%,净化提纯后气体产物中的CO2体积浓度低于3%,复合胺基吸收剂的再生能耗比传统乙醇胺降低10%。净化提纯后能得到H2和CH4总浓度高于95%的车用生物氢烷气,H2S浓度低于15mg/m3,高位发热量大于31.415MJ/m3,达到车用压缩天然气的国家标准(GB18047-2000),能够替代石化天然气应用于天然气汽车,具有显著的经济环境和社会效益。
附图说明
图1为本发明的方法流程图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图与具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细描述:
下面的实施例可以使本专业的专业技术人员更全面地理解本发明,但不以任何方式限制本发明。
实施例1
将城乡有机废弃物发酵制备的混合气体(各成分体积浓度为:5%的H2、63%的CH4、30%的CO2、1%的H2S以及1%的H2O)收集储存,混合气压力为1kPa、温度为18℃。将混合气体经鼓风机增压至20kPa,送往膜式湿法脱硫反应器。脱硫反应器装填有聚丙烯中空纤维膜(膜内径0.4mm,孔隙率60%,平均孔径0.01~0.1μm)。混合气体以流量400m3/h通入中空纤维膜内侧由上而下流动,将质量浓度为35%的混合醇胺溶液(质量浓度为15%的乙醇胺、20%的甲基二乙醇胺与65%水的混合物)通入中空纤维膜外侧,通过逆向流动脱除混合气体中的H2S。使用后的混合醇胺溶液可经过再生处理后,重新进入膜式湿法脱硫反应器进行利用。将脱硫后的混合气体冷却后,增压到0.8Mpa,经固体分子筛(沸石型硅酸铝盐)吸附脱除混合气体中的H2O。将脱除水分后的混合气体以流量50m3/h自下而上通入脱碳吸收塔,与质量浓度为30%的复合胺基吸收剂(溶质组成为乙醇胺、N甲基二乙醇胺和哌嗪(摩尔比为1:1:0.6),溶剂为水)逆向流动反应,将脱除CO2提纯后的气体由塔顶引出,冷却至20℃。使用后的复合胺基吸收剂可经过再生处理后,重新进入脱碳吸收塔进行利用。将脱除CO2后的混合气体压缩到20MPa,经固体分子筛(沸石型硅酸铝盐)吸附脱除水分后,得到H2和CH4总浓度为96%的车用生物氢烷气。
实施例2
将城乡有机废弃物发酵制备的混合气体(各成分体积浓度为:9.6%的H2、40%的CH4、50%的CO2、0.2%的H2S以及0.2%的H2O)收集储存,混合气压力为2kPa、温度为19℃。将混合气体经鼓风机增压至30kPa,送往膜式湿法脱硫反应器。脱硫反应器装填有聚丙烯中空纤维膜(膜内径0.4mm,孔隙率60%,平均孔径0.05μm)。混合气体以流量360m3/h通入中空纤维膜内侧由上而下流动,将质量浓度为25%的混合醇胺溶液(质量浓度为10%的乙醇胺、15%的甲基二乙醇胺与75%水的混合物)通入中空纤维膜外侧,通过逆向流动脱除混合气体中的H2S。使用后的混合醇胺溶液可经过再生处理后,重新进入膜式湿法脱硫反应器进行利用。将脱硫后的混合气体冷却后,增压到0.9Mpa,经固体分子筛(沸石型硅酸铝盐)吸附脱除混合气体中的H2O。将脱除水分后的混合气体以流量40m3/h自下而上通入脱碳吸收塔,与质量浓度为30%的复合胺基吸收剂(溶质组成为乙醇胺、N甲基二乙醇胺和哌嗪(摩尔比为1:1:0.6),溶剂为水)逆向流动反应,将脱除CO2提纯后的气体由塔顶引出,冷却至30℃。使用后的复合胺基吸收剂可经过再生处理后,重新进入脱碳吸收塔进行利用。将脱除CO2后的混合气体压缩到20MPa,经固体分子筛(沸石型硅酸铝盐)吸附脱除水分后,得到H2和CH4总浓度为97%的车用生物氢烷气。
实施例3
将城乡有机废弃物发酵制备的混合气体(各成分体积浓度为:21%的H2、35%的CH4、42.8%的CO2、0.6%的H2S以及0.6%的H2O)收集储存,混合气压力为3kPa、温度为20℃。将混合气体经鼓风机增压至40kPa,送往膜式湿法脱硫反应器。脱硫反应器装填有聚丙烯中空纤维膜(膜内径0.4mm,孔隙率60%,平均孔径0.1μm)。混合气体以流量320m3/h通入中空纤维膜内侧由上而下流动,将质量浓度为30%的混合醇胺溶液(质量浓度为15%的乙醇胺、15%的甲基二乙醇胺与70%水的混合物)通入中空纤维膜外侧,通过逆向流动脱除混合气体中的H2S。使用后的混合醇胺溶液可经过再生处理后,重新进入膜式湿法脱硫反应器进行利用。将脱硫后的混合气体冷却后,增压到1MPa,经固体分子筛(沸石型硅酸铝盐)吸附脱除混合气体中的H2O。将脱除水分后的混合气体以流量32m3/h自下而上通入脱碳吸收塔,与质量浓度为30%的复合胺基吸收剂(溶质组成为乙醇胺、N甲基二乙醇胺和哌嗪(摩尔比为1:1:0.6),溶剂为水)逆向流动反应,将脱除CO2提纯后的气体由塔顶引出,冷却至40℃。使用后的复合胺基吸收剂可经过再生处理后,重新进入脱碳吸收塔进行利用。将脱除CO2后的混合气体压缩到20MPa,经固体分子筛(沸石型硅酸铝盐)吸附脱除水分后,得到H2和CH4总浓度为98%的车用生物氢烷气。
最后,需要注意的是,以上列举的仅是本发明的具体实施例。显然,本发明不限于以上实施例,还可以有很多变形。本领域的普通技术人员能从本发明公开的内容中直接导出或联想到的所有变形,均应认为是本发明的保护范围。
Claims (1)
1.城乡有机废弃物发酵净化提纯生产车用生物氢烷气的方法,其特征在于,具体包括下述步骤:
(1)将城乡有机废弃物发酵成的混合气体收集储存后,将混合气体经鼓风机增压至20~40kPa;
所述城乡有机废弃物发酵制备的混合气体,含有的成分为:5~21%的H2、35~63%的CH4、30~50%的CO2、0.2~1%的H2S、0.2~1%的H2O;各成分的浓度为体积浓度;
(2)利用膜式湿法脱硫反应器对增压后的混合气体进行脱硫,膜式湿法脱硫反应器中装填有中空纤维膜,将混合气体以流量320~400m3/h通入中空纤维膜内侧由上而下流动,并将质量浓度为25~35%的混合醇胺溶液通入中空纤维膜外侧,通过逆向流动脱除混合气体中的H2S;
所述膜式湿法脱硫反应器装填的中空纤维膜为聚丙烯中空纤维膜,膜内径为0.4mm,孔隙率为60%,平均孔径为0.01~0.1μm;
所述混合醇胺溶液是溶质为乙醇胺和甲基二乙醇胺,溶剂为水的混合溶液,其中,乙醇胺的质量浓度为10~15%,甲基二乙醇胺的质量浓度15~20%;使用后的混合醇胺溶液经过在温度110~120℃条件下加热使CO2气体完全脱附进行再生处理后,能重新进入膜式湿法脱硫反应器进行利用;
(3)将脱硫后的混合气体冷却后,增压到0.8~1.0Mpa,再经固体分子筛吸附脱除混合气体中的H2O;
(4)将脱除水分后的混合气体以流量32~50m3/h自下而上通入脱碳吸收塔,与质量浓度为30%的复合胺基吸收剂逆向流动反应,然后将脱除CO2提纯后的混合气体由脱碳吸收塔的塔顶引出,再冷却至20~40℃;发酵混合气体中CO2脱除效率高达95~99%;
所述复合胺基吸收剂是溶质为乙醇胺、N甲基二乙醇胺和哌嗪,溶剂为水的混合溶液,其中,乙醇胺、N甲基二乙醇胺和哌嗪的摩尔比为1:1:0.6;使用后的复合胺基吸收剂经过在温度110~120℃条件下加热使CO2气体完全脱附进行再生处理后,能重新进入脱碳吸收塔进行利用;
(5)将经过步骤(4)处理后的混合气体压缩到20MPa,经固体分子筛吸附脱除水分后,即得到H2和CH4总浓度高于95%的车用生物氢烷气;净化提纯后气体产物中的CO2体积浓度低于3%,H2S浓度低于15mg/m3,高位发热量大于31.415MJ/m3。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201511023788.9A CN105617830B (zh) | 2014-12-30 | 2015-12-30 | 城乡有机废弃物发酵净化提纯生产车用生物氢烷气的方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201410844025X | 2014-12-30 | ||
CN201410844025 | 2014-12-30 | ||
CN201511023788.9A CN105617830B (zh) | 2014-12-30 | 2015-12-30 | 城乡有机废弃物发酵净化提纯生产车用生物氢烷气的方法 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN105617830A CN105617830A (zh) | 2016-06-01 |
CN105617830B true CN105617830B (zh) | 2018-05-25 |
Family
ID=56033407
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201511023788.9A Active CN105617830B (zh) | 2014-12-30 | 2015-12-30 | 城乡有机废弃物发酵净化提纯生产车用生物氢烷气的方法 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN105617830B (zh) |
Citations (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101584960A (zh) * | 2008-05-22 | 2009-11-25 | 青岛生物能源与过程研究所 | 气相-液相吸收膜分离装置与分离净化方法 |
CN101638670A (zh) * | 2009-07-07 | 2010-02-03 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | 一种固体有机废弃物厌氧干发酵氢甲烷联产的方法 |
CN101671585A (zh) * | 2008-09-09 | 2010-03-17 | 谭文英 | 复合分离式沼气除杂纯化制车用天然气级燃料方法 |
KR20110113091A (ko) * | 2010-04-08 | 2011-10-14 | 주식회사 부강테크 | 메탄 발효에 의해 생성된 암모니아를 이용한 유기성 폐기물 처리 시설 및 그 방법 |
CN102250956A (zh) * | 2011-06-15 | 2011-11-23 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | 一种利用生物质原料制备掺氢天然气的方法 |
JP2013013896A (ja) * | 2012-09-20 | 2013-01-24 | Swing Corp | 有機性廃棄物の嫌気性処理方法及び装置 |
DE102011120888B3 (de) * | 2011-12-09 | 2013-05-08 | REBIO Water GmbH | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Abbau von biogenem Material |
CN103205293A (zh) * | 2012-01-16 | 2013-07-17 | 周鼎力 | 用餐厨垃圾或/和有机废弃物制取车船发动机燃气的方法 |
CN103667355A (zh) * | 2013-11-20 | 2014-03-26 | 青岛天人环境股份有限公司 | 一种利用有机废弃物制备车用燃气的方法 |
CN203728792U (zh) * | 2014-03-03 | 2014-07-23 | 上海富诚环保科技有限公司 | 高纯度沼气提纯装置 |
CN103980971A (zh) * | 2014-05-29 | 2014-08-13 | 湖南和道资源科技有限公司 | 一种沼气处理方法及沼气处理系统 |
-
2015
- 2015-12-30 CN CN201511023788.9A patent/CN105617830B/zh active Active
Patent Citations (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101584960A (zh) * | 2008-05-22 | 2009-11-25 | 青岛生物能源与过程研究所 | 气相-液相吸收膜分离装置与分离净化方法 |
CN101671585A (zh) * | 2008-09-09 | 2010-03-17 | 谭文英 | 复合分离式沼气除杂纯化制车用天然气级燃料方法 |
CN101638670A (zh) * | 2009-07-07 | 2010-02-03 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | 一种固体有机废弃物厌氧干发酵氢甲烷联产的方法 |
KR20110113091A (ko) * | 2010-04-08 | 2011-10-14 | 주식회사 부강테크 | 메탄 발효에 의해 생성된 암모니아를 이용한 유기성 폐기물 처리 시설 및 그 방법 |
CN102250956A (zh) * | 2011-06-15 | 2011-11-23 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | 一种利用生物质原料制备掺氢天然气的方法 |
DE102011120888B3 (de) * | 2011-12-09 | 2013-05-08 | REBIO Water GmbH | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Abbau von biogenem Material |
CN103205293A (zh) * | 2012-01-16 | 2013-07-17 | 周鼎力 | 用餐厨垃圾或/和有机废弃物制取车船发动机燃气的方法 |
JP2013013896A (ja) * | 2012-09-20 | 2013-01-24 | Swing Corp | 有機性廃棄物の嫌気性処理方法及び装置 |
CN103667355A (zh) * | 2013-11-20 | 2014-03-26 | 青岛天人环境股份有限公司 | 一种利用有机废弃物制备车用燃气的方法 |
CN203728792U (zh) * | 2014-03-03 | 2014-07-23 | 上海富诚环保科技有限公司 | 高纯度沼气提纯装置 |
CN103980971A (zh) * | 2014-05-29 | 2014-08-13 | 湖南和道资源科技有限公司 | 一种沼气处理方法及沼气处理系统 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
车用沼气纯化装置试验研究;周磊;《河南农业大学硕士学位论文》;20081231;论文第3页1.3研究内容及方法,2.1沼气的来源,第14-17页3.3沼气脱硫技术概述,第18-20页3.5沼气干燥技术概述 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN105617830A (zh) | 2016-06-01 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
Sahota et al. | Review of trends in biogas upgradation technologies and future perspectives | |
Kapoor et al. | Evaluation of biogas upgrading technologies and future perspectives: a review | |
CN104119975B (zh) | 焦化厂联产甲醇和液化天然气的方法 | |
CN102559316A (zh) | 净化沼气的方法及其设备 | |
CN102250956A (zh) | 一种利用生物质原料制备掺氢天然气的方法 | |
CN106554831B (zh) | 一种沼气提纯及二氧化碳同步甲烷化转化的设备及工艺 | |
CN204589159U (zh) | 一种二氧化碳和氢气生物甲烷化的装置 | |
CN102190541A (zh) | 一种深度净化垃圾填埋气回收可工业化生产清洁燃料的甲烷的方法 | |
CN102242059A (zh) | 一种利用有机废弃物制备车用燃气的装置和方法 | |
CN101892267A (zh) | 一种具有甲烷原位富集功能的沼气发酵工艺 | |
CN111575075A (zh) | 一种固体废弃物和废碱液联合进行沼气脱硫脱碳的方法 | |
CN104745260B (zh) | 一种沼气制取高品质天然气并储存的方法及其设备 | |
CN111569821A (zh) | 一种用于沼气脱硫脱碳的复合型吸附剂及其制备方法和应用 | |
CN103396853A (zh) | 沼气净化制取天然气的工艺 | |
CN101475430B (zh) | 从富乙烯混合气中提纯乙烯的方法 | |
CN203212538U (zh) | 一种沼气分离净化装置 | |
TWI466711B (zh) | 一種低耗能之二氧化碳吸附濃縮與轉化能源系統 | |
CN105617830B (zh) | 城乡有机废弃物发酵净化提纯生产车用生物氢烷气的方法 | |
CN115999321A (zh) | 二氧化碳吸收液以及从燃料气中捕集二氧化碳的方法和装置 | |
CN220537493U (zh) | 垃圾渗滤液沼气制备氢气的系统 | |
CN102764578A (zh) | 一种co2吸收分离装置及其热钾碱法吸收分离co2的方法 | |
CN102295968A (zh) | 一种生物燃气中二氧化碳高值利用方法 | |
CN105543065B (zh) | 城乡有机废弃物发酵净化提纯生产车用生物氢烷气的装置 | |
Xiaorong et al. | Research progress of post-combustion carbon dioxide capture materials | |
CN211284278U (zh) | 一种甲烷提纯系统 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
C06 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
GR01 | Patent grant |