CN105609155A - High-conductivity hard aluminum conductor single wire and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
High-conductivity hard aluminum conductor single wire and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105609155A CN105609155A CN201410669016.1A CN201410669016A CN105609155A CN 105609155 A CN105609155 A CN 105609155A CN 201410669016 A CN201410669016 A CN 201410669016A CN 105609155 A CN105609155 A CN 105609155A
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- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 81
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 80
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 title abstract description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- REDXJYDRNCIFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium(3+) Chemical class [Al+3] REDXJYDRNCIFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 41
- 229910000737 Duralumin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005491 wire drawing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010622 cold drawing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 241001062472 Stokellia anisodon Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910018580 Al—Zr Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 101700034707 IACS Proteins 0.000 abstract description 16
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000010210 aluminium Nutrition 0.000 description 68
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- DJPURDPSZFLWGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumanylidyneborane Chemical compound [Al]#B DJPURDPSZFLWGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N scandium Chemical compound [Sc] SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising Effects 0.000 description 2
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium Chemical group [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910018191 Al—Fe—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UIWYJDYFSGRHKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gadolinium Chemical compound [Gd] UIWYJDYFSGRHKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052688 Gadolinium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 208000008425 Protein Deficiency Diseases 0.000 description 1
- REHXRBDMVPYGJX-UHFFFAOYSA-H Sodium hexafluoroaluminate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].F[Al-3](F)(F)(F)(F)F REHXRBDMVPYGJX-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000003850 cellular structures Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002772 conduction electron Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001610 cryolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005712 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006356 dehydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001325 element alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001192 hot extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 iron silicon Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 load Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AKEBROIVCDHVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium;tetrafluoroborate Chemical compound [K+].F[B-](F)(F)F AKEBROIVCDHVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The invention discloses a hard aluminum alloy conductor single wire and a manufacturing method thereof. The hard aluminum alloy conductor single wire is used for an overhead conductor, and the conductivity is no less than 63% IACS, and the tensile strength is no less than 163 MPa. The aluminum alloy single wire, by mass, is composed of 0.01 to 0.05% of Zr, 0.01 to 0.05% of B, 0.05 to 0.2% of Sc, 0 to 0.14% of Fe, 0 to 0.07% of Si, 0 to 0.012% of (V+Ti+Cr+Mn), and the rest being Al and unavoidable trace impurities. The invention also discloses a conductor single wire manufacturing method. N2 is blown in to remove gases and slag, a refining agent is not needed, the hard aluminum alloy manufacturing process is thus simplified, and thus the manufactured wire cable conductor can improve the conductivity (63% IACS, 20 DEG C) and the working strength (the tensile strength is no less than 163 MPa) is increased.
Description
[technical field]
The present invention relates to a kind of transmission line of electricity aerial condutor manufacture method of power industry, specifically relate to a kind of aerial condutor with hardAluminium alloy monofilament and preparation method thereof.
[background technology]
Overhead transmission line generally generally adopts steel-cored aluminium strand as power transmission and distribution wire, changes in order to solve the energy-conservation of transmission line of electricityMake, reduce transmission of electricity line loss, improve the circuit life-span, generally adopt steel-cored aluminium strand prepared by high-conductivity hard aluminum alloy to realize transmission of electricitySaving energy and reduce the cost of circuit. On transmission line of electricity, adopt high-conductivity hard aluminum wire to have the following advantages: the one, energy-conservation: with respect to oftenRule wire conductance, the conductance of high-conductivity hard aluminum wire has improved approximately 3%, reduces resistance loss; The 2nd, reduce shaft tower investment:Because wire wind load reduces approximately 10%, tower weight can reduce approximately 0.5%; The 3rd, compression width of corridor: 500 kilovolts of common-tower double-return roadsWhile adopting uiform section molded line, width of corridor can reduce 0.5 meter; The 4th, operational reliability is strong: can relatively reduce corona discharge and produceNoise and line loss. According to parties concerned's statistics, 2010, some local power transmission line path loss electric weight was 1,710 hundred million kilowattsTime; By 2015, if 20% transmission line of electricity adopts high-conductivity hard aluminum wire, total losses can reduce by 10.26 hundred million kilowatt hours. CauseThis, high-conductivity hard aluminum wire, to some electrical network upgradings, improves transfer efficiency, reduces line loss and operating cost, hasVital effect. High-conductivity hard aluminum wire preparation technology more complicated in prior art, properties of product are unstable, productConductance is low, and all needs to add refining agent in refining process, and that a common ground of existing refining agent is exactly range of application is narrow,Function singleness, just can reach different objects after need dropping into respectively several different refining agents. And often effect is not showing, or rightMelt cleanliness factor or environment are harmful, and varying degree exist variety of issue.
Chinese patent CN103093855A discloses a kind of high conductivity rare earth hard aluminum wire, and its component is by weight percentage:Iron 0.0875%～0.145%, iron silicon ratio example is controlled at 1.7～2.5, boron 0.01～0.12%, gadolinium 0.01～0.15%, all the other are aluminium.The invention also discloses the preparation method of this high conductivity rare earth hard aluminum wire, be mainly apolegamy aluminium ingot, melting, then carry out boronation,The processing such as refining, make conductance 63%IACS, the hard aluminum wire of tensile strength 160MPa. But described preparation method addsEnter the refining agent such as potassium fluoborate, cryolite, environmental pollution is larger.
[summary of the invention]
For solving above-mentioned deficiency, in technical scheme provided by the invention, add the impurity in microalloying control of element alloy to containAmount, and adjust the microstructure of alloy by Technology for Heating Processing, obtains conductance >=63%IACS at a kind of 20 DEG C, tension is strongThe hard aluminum wire monofilament of degree >=163MPa.
Foregoing invention object realizes by following technical scheme:
A kind of high-conductivity hard aluminum wire monofilament, described hard aluminum wire monofilament contains following compositions by mass percentage: Zr:0.01～0.05%, B:0.01～0.05%, Sc:0.05～0.2%, Fe:0～0.14%, Si:0～0.07%, V, Ti, Cr andTetra-kinds of element mass percent sums of Mn are 0～0.012%, and all the other are Al and inevitable trace impurity.
Preferably, the mass percent of described B is 0.03～0.05%.
The preparation method of a kind of high-conductivity hard aluminum wire monofilament as above, comprises the steps:
(1) smelt: by the aluminium ingot of purity >=99.7% after 720～750 DEG C of fusings, at 730～750 DEG C, add B, Zr,The intermediate alloy of Sc, Fe, Si, V, Ti, Cr and Mn stirs aluminum alloy melt after intermediate alloy melts completely;
(2) refining: pass into N2Degasification, slagging-off are after 10～20 minutes, and refining aluminium alloy liquid at 730～750 DEG C, leaves standstill 30～60Minute;
(3) casting: step (2) gained aluminum alloy melt is cast to the cylinder that is preheated to 200～250 DEG C of insulations at 700～720 DEG CIn mould, obtain duralumin pole;
(4) bar processed: duralumin pole, after 400～500 DEG C of insulation 0.5～2h, is squeezed into aluminium alloy rod, simultaneously to the aluminium squeezing outRod of metal alloy spraying cold water;
(5) wire drawing: the speed cold drawing with 15m/s by aluminium alloy rod with wire drawing machine, use punching block to draw through 10～20 passages, excellentThe drawing number of times of choosing is 15 times, obtains duralumin monofilament;
(6) annealing: by the annealing of duralumin monofilament, after taking out, air cooling is to room temperature.
Preferably, in step (1), add the order of intermediate alloy for add Al-B intermediate alloy boronation at 730～750 DEG C,Leave standstill after 30min, then add Al-Zr, Al-Sc intermediate alloy in 750 DEG C.
Preferred, the water of the middle sprinkling of step (4) room temperature 1～3 minute.
Another is preferred, the duralumin monofilament 3～6h that anneals at 140～180 DEG C in step (6).
The function and mechanism of the each alloying element in technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
Zr: zirconium atom radius ratio aluminium atomic radius is bigger, zirconium is with substitute mode diffusion in aluminium, and its diffusion activation energy is high, Xiang YaTrickle Al is separated out in crystallization grain boundary3Zr is difficult for agglomeration mutually, and higher stability can prevent the generation of recrystallization, fromAnd effectively pin dislocation and crystal boundary hinder the slippage of distortion and intracrystalline and crystal boundary, intensity is improved. Meanwhile, adding of zirconiumCan improve the creep-resistant property of aluminium alloy, make aluminium alloy at high temperature also only have very little creep elongation, therefore, can make frameThe spacing of empty power transmission line between power transmission tower bar increases, and keeps the less degree of dangling of aluminium alloy conductor;
B: if impurity element exists with solid solution condition, very large on the impact of electric conductivity, and that boronation processing can effectively reduce is assortedWill content adds after a certain amount of B element in aluminium alloy, can send out with Transition Group Impurities element Cr, Mn, V, Ti etc.Raw reaction, makes it to be changed into chemical combination state and be deposited on melt bottom by solid solution state, thereby improves the electric conductivity of aluminium alloy;
Sc: scandium has good dispersion-strengthened action to aluminium is the thin agent of crystal grain of aluminium alloy excellence and well knot inhibition again. At aluminiumIn alloy, add Microamounts of Scandium element, can form the secondary Al of a large amount of disperses, coherence3Sc phase particle, these particles on the one hand canPinning dislocation and sub boundary consumingly, has very strong stabilization to the substructure in deformed microstructure, makes alloy in deformation processThe cellular structure being made up of entanglement dislocation forming occurs to reply and forms sub boundary in annealing in process process subsequently, and is permittedMany sub boundaries are made up of the two-dimentional network of dislocation, can play strong substructure invigoration effect by alloy; These are more on the other handThe secondary A1 of loose, coherence3The mutually tiny particle of Sc, pinning dislocation strongly, hinders the motion of dislocation, greatly improves dislocation movement by slip instituteNeed shearing stress, thereby cause alloy strengthening. Meanwhile, scandium element can with aluminium alloy in the reaction of some impurity elements form secondPhase, thus the conductance of aluminium alloy is improved;
Fe: containing a certain amount of iron in aluminium, is a kind of major impurity in fine aluminium. Because melting with the instrument that casting is used is allSteel or cast iron, iron will be brought in aluminium by these instruments, and in the time of remelting waste material, can sneak into iron and iron filings. Iron pairThe mechanical property of cast aluminum-molykote composite material is harmful, because it is conventionally with a thick crystal appearance, or exists with Al-Fe-Si compound form,They have all improved the hardness of aluminium to a certain extent, but make the Plasticity Decreasing of aluminium. Current research shows, iron can improve aluminium conductorIntensity, does not significantly reduce its electric conductivity. But also have data to show in actual production, the Fe/Si ratio in aluminium conductor should be 1.3～1.5,Too high its resistivity that can make significantly raises, so also should note controlling the content of iron;
Si: element silicon is a kind of major impurity element in fine aluminium. Along with Si content raises, the electrical conductivity of alloy declines. This isOwing to improving Si content in alloy, in aluminum substrate, free Si quantity increases, and Si is semiconductor, much higher compared with the resistivity of aluminum substrate,So the raising of Si content reduces effective conductive cross-sectional area of aluminum substrate, falls low-alloyed electrical conductivity. Therefore, in duralumin, hard alumin ium alloyShould reduce Si content as far as possible;
Cr, Mn, V and Ti are the impurity element in alloy. These several elements have crystal grain thinning, improve aluminium alloy room temperature anti-Tensile strength and improve stable on heating effect, but when they exist with solid solution state in aluminium conductor, be easy to absorb in conductor materialFree electron and fill their incomplete electronic shell, the minimizing of this conduction electron number has caused falling of aluminium conductor electric conductivityLow. Research shows, the illeffects of every 1% (Cr+Mn+V+Ti) is to aluminium electric conductivity illeffects 5 times of every 1%Si. InstituteStrictly control the content of these several elements with need.
In the preparation method of non-heat treatment type heat-resisting aluminium alloy monofilament provided by the invention, first smelt, after fine aluminium ingot melts completelyPut into successively each alloying element, wherein B and Al have eutectic reaction, and alloying element is easier to dissolve, can be straight in fusion processConnect and add in aluminum melt; Zr, Sc element be because fusing point is higher, dissolves very slowly, needs larger overheated could dissolving completely. WithMixer stirs aluminium liquid, makes full and uniformization of alloying element; Adopt nitrogen to carry out dehydrogenation, slagging-off processing to aluminium liquid. RightMould heats, and prevents from that mold temperature and temperature of aluminum liquid from having big difference in the aluminium of causing liquid casting cycle to cause shrinkage cavity, mold heatedTo 200～250 DEG C of insulation 60～90min, then carry out the casting of aluminium liquid, be cast into the duralumin pole of Ф 45 × 100mm. AdoptThe round aluminium bar that the mode of hot extrusion is extruded into Ф 9.5mm, then carries out wire drawing. Speed with 15m/s is cold drawn on wire drawing machineSilk, draws by punching block multi-pass, finally obtains the monofilament of Ф 3.05mm. Adjust by 140～180 DEG C of annealing in process 3～6hThe performance of alloy.
With immediate prior art ratio, beneficial effect of the present invention: technical scheme provided by the invention, due at duralumin, hard alumin ium alloyIn added minor Sc, can either reduce impurity content and there is again Grain Refinement Effect, ensureing that duralumin, hard alumin ium alloy has height and leadsWhen electricity rate, aluminium alloy has good mechanical property; Technical scheme of the present invention is used cold water chilling when having adopted hot extrusionThe method of duralumin round bar, has avoided having the appearance of precipitated phase; In technical scheme of the present invention, only adopt and be blown into N2Degasification slagging-off,Without adding refining agent, thereby simplified the preparation technology of duralumin, hard alumin ium alloy, the electric wire and cable conductor of preparing thus can improve leadsElectricity rate (63%IACS, 20 DEG C) and increase working strength (tensile strength >=163MPa).
[detailed description of the invention]
Except being otherwise noted, all embodiments are all to adopt existing smelting and extrusion equipment.
Embodiment 1
Prepare the 63%IACS conductance hard aluminum wire monofilament of following component and mass percent thereof:
The aluminium ingot that is 99.7% by purity in medium frequency induction melting furnace, at 720 DEG C, fusing, while rising to 730 DEG C, closes with centreThe mode of gold, adds aluminium boron intermediate alloy boronation, leaves standstill after 30 minutes, at 750 DEG C, adds Zr, Sc alloying element,Make to reach respectively its final content, alloying element is to add with the form of intermediate alloy, after intermediate alloy melts completely, fully stirs;Pass into N2Degasification, slagging-off 10 minutes, refining aluminium alloy liquid at 750 DEG C, casts after standing 40min. Casting is front by cylinderType mild steel mould is put into batch-type furnace and is heated to 200 DEG C, insulation 20min, and temperature of aluminum liquid is down to 720 DEG C, then by aluminiumLiquid is poured in mould, prepares and is of a size of the long duralumin pole of Ф 45 × 300mm. Duralumin pole 450 DEG C insulation 1 hour after,On extruder, be squeezed into the aluminium alloy rod of Ф 9.5mm, spray the cold water 2 minutes of room temperature to the aluminium alloy rod squeezing out simultaneously.Aluminium alloy rod is carried out to cold drawing with the speed of 15m/s on high speed wiredrawing bench, use punching block to draw through 15 passages, finally obtainObtain the duralumin monofilament of Ф 3.05mm. By aluminium alloy monofilament, the batch annealing of 180 DEG C 3 hours, after taking out, air cooling was to room temperature.After testing, gained duralumin monofilament conductance is 63.01%IACS, and test intensity is 163.15MPa, and percentage elongation is 2.13%.
Embodiment 2
Prepare the 63%IACS conductance hard aluminum wire monofilament of following component and mass percent thereof:
The aluminium ingot that is 99.7% by purity in smelting furnace, after 720 DEG C of fusings, is warming up to 740 DEG C, in the mode of intermediate alloy,Add aluminium boron intermediate alloy boronation, leave standstill after 30 minutes, at 750 DEG C, Zr, Sc alloying element, make to reach respectively that it is finalContent, alloying element is to add with the form of intermediate alloy, after intermediate alloy melts completely, fully stirs; Pass into N2Degasification,Remove the gred 15 minutes, refining aluminium alloy liquid at 750 DEG C, casts after standing 40min. Before casting, column type mild steel mould is putEnter in batch-type furnace and be heated to 200 DEG C, insulation 20min, and temperature of aluminum liquid is down to 720 DEG C, then aluminium liquid is poured in mould,Prepare and be of a size of the long duralumin pole of Ф 45 × 300mm. Duralumin pole, squeezes after 1 hour 450 DEG C of insulations on extruderBe pressed into the aluminium alloy rod of Ф 9.5mm, spray the cold water 2 minutes of room temperature to the aluminium alloy rod squeezing out simultaneously. By aluminium alloy rod withThe speed of 15m/s is carried out cold drawing on high speed wiredrawing bench, uses punching block to draw through 15 passages, finally obtains Ф 3.05mm'sDuralumin monofilament. By aluminium alloy monofilament, the batch annealing of 160 DEG C 4 hours, after taking out, air cooling was to room temperature. After testing, instituteObtaining duralumin monofilament conductance is 63.07%IACS, and test intensity is 163.52MPa, and percentage elongation is 2.07%.
Embodiment 3
Prepare the 63%IACS conductance hard aluminum wire monofilament of following component and mass percent thereof:
The aluminium ingot that is 99.7 by purity in smelting furnace, fusing at 720 DEG C, while rising to 730 DEG C, in the mode of intermediate alloy,Add aluminium boron intermediate alloy boronation, leave standstill after 30 minutes, at 750 DEG C, add Zr, Sc alloying element, make to reach respectively itFinal content, alloying element is to add with the form of intermediate alloy, after intermediate alloy melts completely, fully stirs; Pass into N2Degasification, slagging-off 20 minutes, refining aluminium alloy liquid at 730 DEG C, leaves standstill casting after 60 minutes. Casting is front by mild steel mouldPut into batch-type furnace and be heated to 220 DEG C, the aluminum alloy melt of 700 DEG C is cast in this column type mould, prepare and be of a size of Ф 45The duralumin pole that × 300mm is long; Duralumin pole after 40 minutes, is squeezed into the aluminium of Ф 9.5mm 500 DEG C of insulations on extruderRod of metal alloy is sprayed the cold water 3 minutes of room temperature simultaneously to the aluminium alloy rod squeezing out, separate out to avoid having precipitated phase. Aluminium is closedGold bar carries out cold drawing with the speed of 15m/s on wire drawing machine, uses punching block to draw through 15 passages, finally obtains diameter and isThe duralumin monofilament of 3.05mm; Batch annealing 6h by aluminium alloy monofilament at 140 DEG C, after taking out, air cooling is to room temperature. After testing,Gained duralumin monofilament conductance is 63.05%IACS, and test intensity is 163.36MPa, and percentage elongation is 2.18%.
Embodiment 4
Prepare the 63%IACS conductance hard aluminum wire monofilament of following component and mass percent thereof:
In medium frequency induction melting furnace, adding purity is 99.7% aluminium ingot, and temperature is remained on to 720 DEG C by fine aluminium fusing, treats temperatureWhen degree rises to 730 DEG C, start the mode with intermediate alloy, add aluminium boron intermediate alloy boronation, leave standstill after 30 minutes, at 750 DEG C,Add Zr, Sc alloying element, the final content that makes them is as implied above, and alloying element is to add with the form of intermediate alloy,After intermediate alloy melts completely, aluminum alloy melt is fully stirred; Pass into N2Degasification, slagging-off 10 minutes, at 750 DEG CRefining aluminium alloy liquid, casts after standing 40min. Before casting, column type mild steel mould being put into batch-type furnace is heated to210 DEG C, insulation 20min, and temperature of aluminum liquid is down to 700 DEG C, and then aluminium liquid is poured in mould, prepare and be of a size of Ф 45The duralumin pole that × 300mm is long. Duralumin pole after 1.5 hours, is squeezed into Ф 9.5mm's 480 DEG C of insulations on extruderAluminium alloy rod sprays the cold water 3 minutes of room temperature simultaneously to the aluminium alloy rod squeezing out. Aluminium alloy rod is existed with the speed of 15m/sOn high speed wiredrawing bench, carry out cold drawing, use punching block to draw through 15 passages, finally obtain the duralumin monofilament of Ф 3.05mm. WillAluminium alloy monofilament was the batch annealing of 140 DEG C 6 hours, and after taking out, air cooling is to room temperature. After testing, gained duralumin monofilament is ledElectricity rate is 63.02%IACS, and test intensity is 163.05MPa, and percentage elongation is 2.08%.
Embodiment 5
Prepare the 63%IACS conductance hard aluminum wire monofilament of following component and mass percent thereof:
In medium frequency induction melting furnace, adding purity is 99.7% aluminium ingot, and temperature is remained on to 730 DEG C by fine aluminium fusing, treats temperatureWhen degree rises to 740 DEG C, start the mode with intermediate alloy, add aluminium boron intermediate alloy boronation, leave standstill after 30 minutes, at 750 DEG CLower Zr, Sc alloying element, the final content that makes them is as implied above, alloying element is to add with the form of intermediate alloy, treatsIntermediate alloy fully stirs aluminum alloy melt after melting completely; Pass into N2Degasification, slagging-off 25 minutes, essence at 750 DEG CAluminium metallurgy aluminium alloy, casts after standing 40min. Before casting, column type mild steel mould being put into batch-type furnace is heated to200 DEG C, insulation 20min, and temperature of aluminum liquid is down to 710 DEG C, and then aluminium liquid is poured in mould, prepare and be of a size of Ф 45The duralumin pole that × 300mm is long. Duralumin pole after 1 hour, is squeezed into the aluminium of Ф 9.5mm 420 DEG C of insulations on extruderRod of metal alloy is sprayed the cold water 1 minute of room temperature simultaneously to the aluminium alloy rod squeezing out. By aluminium alloy rod with the speed of 15m/s at heightOn speed wire drawing machine, carry out cold drawing, use punching block to draw through 15 passages, finally obtain the duralumin monofilament of Ф 3.05mm. By aluminiumAlloy filaments was the batch annealing of 150 DEG C 5 hours, and after taking out, air cooling is to room temperature. After testing, gained duralumin monofilament conductionRate is 63.03%IACS, and test intensity is 163.09MPa, and percentage elongation is 2.12%.
In form, be the data of embodiment.
| Embodiment | Conductance (%IACS) | Tensile strength (MPa) | Percentage elongation (%) |
| 1 | 63.01 | 163.15 | 2.13 |
| 2 | 63.07 | 163.52 | 2.07 |
| 3 | 63.05 | 163.36 | 2.18 |
| 4 | 63.02 | 163.05 | 2.08 |
| 5 | 63.03 | 163.09 | 2.12 |
Below be only the detailed description that preferred embodiment of the present invention is carried out, but the present invention is not limited to above embodiment.It should be understood that those skilled in the art makes in the spirit and scope situation of claim that does not depart from the applicationVarious amendments, still belong to scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a high-conductivity hard aluminum wire monofilament, is characterized in that described hard aluminum wire monofilament contains following one-tenth by mass percentagePoint: Zr:0.01～0.05%, B:0.01～0.05%, Sc:0.05～0.2%, Fe:0～0.14%, Si:0～0.07%, V+Ti+Cr+Mn:0～0.012%, all the other are Al and inevitable trace impurity.
2. hard aluminum wire monofilament as claimed in claim 1, the mass percent that it is characterized in that described B is 0.03～0.05%.
3. the preparation method of high-conductivity hard aluminum wire monofilament as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that described method comprises underState step:
(1) smelt: by the aluminium ingot of purity >=99.7% after 720～750 DEG C of fusings, at 730～750 DEG C, add B, Zr,The intermediate alloy of Sc stirs aluminum alloy melt after intermediate alloy melts completely;
(2) refining: be blown into N2Degasification, slagging-off are after 10～20 minutes, and refining aluminium alloy liquid at 730～750 DEG C, leaves standstill 30～60Minute;
(3) casting: step (2) gained temperature of aluminum liquid is down to 700～720 DEG C, is cast to and is preheated to 200～250 DEG C of insulationsMould in, make duralumin pole;
(4) bar processed: duralumin pole, after 400～500 DEG C of insulation 0.5～2h, is squeezed into aluminium alloy rod, simultaneously to the aluminium squeezing outRod of metal alloy spray water;
(5) wire drawing: the speed cold drawing with 15m/s by aluminium alloy rod with wire drawing machine, use punching block to draw through 10～20 passages,Obtain duralumin monofilament;
(6) annealing: by the annealing of duralumin monofilament, after taking out, air cooling is to room temperature.
4. the preparation method of high-conductivity hard aluminum wire monofilament as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that adding in step (1)Enter the order of intermediate alloy for add Al-B intermediate alloy boronation at 730～750 DEG C, leave standstill after 30min, then at 750 DEG CAdd Al-Zr, Al-Sc intermediate alloy.
5. the preparation method of high-conductivity hard aluminum wire monofilament as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that spray in step (4)Sprinkle water 1～3 minute.
6. the preparation method of high-conductivity hard aluminum wire monofilament as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that in step (5)Drawing number of times in punching block is 15 times.
7. the preparation method of high-conductivity hard aluminum wire monofilament as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that in step (6) in3～6h anneals at 140～180 DEG C.
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