CN105597424A - 一种带有吸附分解功能的纳米高精度耐高温耐腐蚀滤布及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种带有吸附分解功能的纳米高精度耐高温耐腐蚀滤布及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN105597424A
CN105597424A CN201610058717.0A CN201610058717A CN105597424A CN 105597424 A CN105597424 A CN 105597424A CN 201610058717 A CN201610058717 A CN 201610058717A CN 105597424 A CN105597424 A CN 105597424A
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徐彪
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SUZHOU HUILONG PURIFYING FILTER CO Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种带有吸附分解功能的纳米高精度耐高温耐腐蚀滤布及其制备方法，它包括中间的基布层，基布层的上表面设有超细纤维迎尘面层，基布层的下表面设有透气净气面层，其中超细纤维迎尘面层由纳米活性炭纤维和聚四氟乙烯超细纤维铺网构成，基布层、超细纤维迎尘面层和透气净气面层针刺成毛毡，毛毡表面具有PTFE乳液浸渍层。本发明的有益效果是以纳米活性炭纤维和聚四氟乙烯基材制作滤布，滤布具有微孔结构，可以实现对有害气体的吸附分解功能，过滤精度高；同时在制备方法中通过浸渍处理工艺，使滤布表面具有一定憎水性，提高了滤布的耐酸碱腐蚀性。

Description

一种带有吸附分解功能的纳米高精度耐高温耐腐蚀滤布及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及废气处理领域，尤其涉及一种针毡除尘滤布及其制备方法。
背景技术
城市垃圾当前已经成为影响环境及人类健康的重大问题，其处理多经过焚烧加袋式除尘的技术来完成。但由于垃圾成分复杂，焚烧后会产生大量含有重金属、二噁英、SO2，HCl、HF等有害气体。其中二噁英有“世纪之毒”之称，万分之一甚至亿分之一克就可以对人类健康产生严重危害。
目前常用的是PTFE针刺毡覆膜滤布，其在垃圾焚烧，生物质锅炉等除尘装置上得到大力推广和使用，排放浓度也可以达到10mg/Nm3的要求。但是其对烟气中含有异味及二噁英物质，无法有效清除，需要在袋式除尘器前置活性炭反应器。这样不仅增加除尘成本，且仍然有一部分二噁英从袋式除尘器中逃逸，污染大气；PTFE针刺毡覆膜滤袋，在缝制过程中必须对所有的针孔进行均匀涂胶处理，否则很难保证小于10mg/Nm3甚至更低的要求；此外PTFE膜容易破损失效，不仅使得排放浓度瞬间超标，更增加企业除尘的成本。因此，有必要提供一种新的除尘材料，以改善其除尘精度，并降低其使用成本。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种带有吸附分解功能的纳米高精度耐高温耐腐蚀滤布及其制备方法，以有效减少二噁英的排放，提高滤布对灰尘的拦截效果，并降低滤布的使用成本。
本发明采用的技术方案如下：一种带有吸附分解功能的纳米高精度耐高温耐腐蚀滤布，包括中间的基布层，所述基布层的上表面设有超细纤维迎尘面层，所述基布层的下表面设有透气净气面层，所述超细纤维迎尘面层由纳米活性炭纤维和聚四氟乙烯超细纤维铺网构成，所述基布层、所述超细纤维迎尘面层和所述透气净气面层针刺成毛毡，所述毛毡表面具有PTFE乳液浸渍层。
进一步，所述超细纤维迎尘面层组分由20％纳米活性炭纤维和80％聚四氟乙烯超细纤维组成。
进一步，所述聚四氟乙烯超细纤维细度为1D。
进一步，所述透气净气面层由聚四氟乙烯短纤维铺网构成。
进一步，所述基布层为100％PTFE增强基布。
此外，本发明还公布了前述带有吸附分解功能的纳米高精度耐高温耐腐蚀滤布的制备方法，具体技术方案如下：
⑴将纳米活性炭纤维和聚四氟乙烯超细纤维经开松、混合、梳理、铺网处理形成超细纤维迎尘面层；
⑵将聚四氟乙烯短纤维近消静电处理、开松、混合、铺网处理形成透气净气面层；
⑶将步骤⑴和⑵制备的超细纤维迎尘面层和透气净气面层分别敷在基布上，经过针刺，得到聚四氟乙烯纤维针刺毛毡；
⑷将步骤⑶制备的聚四氟乙烯纤维针刺毛毡用PTFE分散液浸渍处理，后经烘干定型成卷，即得到有吸附分解功能的纳米高精度耐高温耐腐蚀滤布。
进一步，所述步骤⑶的针刺工艺包括1道预刺、6道主刺。
进一步，所述步骤⑶和所述步骤⑷之间还包括一道后处理工艺，将所述聚四氟乙烯纤维针刺毛毡进行压光处理，所述压光处理的压光为冷轧，压辊压力为2.5公斤，压光速度为16m/min。
进一步，所述PTFE分散液重量百分比为：PTFE为10-14％，硅油为3％，偶联剂为0.2-0.5％，水为82.5—86.8％。
进一步，所述浸渍处理工艺的浸渍温度为230℃，浸渍速度为4m/min。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：
⑴本发明将纳米活性炭纤维和超细PTFE纤维复合制成迎尘面，由不同尺寸的微细孔隙组成结构，细孔呈单分散分布，孔径分布窄，具有吸附分解功能。通过吸附催化分解成二氧化碳、水和氯化氢气体等，可以有效的减少二噁英的排放。
⑵本发明的微细孔结构使滤布具有高精度排放的功能，对PM2.5的拦截效果非常好，排放量在10mg/m3以下。此外，本发明还省去了PTFE覆膜的后处理工艺，避免了PTFE覆膜容易破损失效的问题，节省了成本。
⑶本发明后处理工艺可以使滤布表面光滑具有一定憎水性，同时保护滤料整体的耐酸碱腐蚀性，改善滤料整体孔隙率进一步提高排放浓度和使用寿命，减少滤袋更换次数，节省资金投入。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例的结构示意图；
图2是本发明实施例的制备方法流程图。
具体实施方式
实施例：
本实施例的一种带有吸附分解功能的纳米高精度耐高温耐腐蚀滤布，包括中间的基布层1，基布层1的上表面设有超细纤维迎尘面层2，基布层1的下表面设有透气净气面层3，超细纤维迎尘面层2由纳米活性炭纤维和聚四氟乙烯超细纤维铺网构成，基布层1、超细纤维迎尘面层2和透气净气面层3针刺成毛毡，毛毡表面具有PTFE乳液浸渍层4。
其中，超细纤维迎尘面层2组分由20％纳米活性炭纤维和80％聚四氟乙烯超细纤维组成，聚四氟乙烯超细纤维细度优选1D。透气净气面层3由聚四氟乙烯短纤维铺网构成，基布层1为100％PTFE增强基布。
由于纳米活性炭纤维微具有孔形结构，微孔半径在2nm以下，且其孔径呈单分散分布，分布窄；此外PTFE纤维也采用超细纤维，规格为1D，由此两种材料制成的超细纤维迎尘面层2便具有吸附分解功能，二噁英经吸附，并经进一步的催化分解成二氧化碳、水和氯化氢气体等，可有效减少二噁英的排放。此外，本发明所制备的滤布对PM2.5的拦截也具有非常好的效果，可控制PM2.5排放量在10mg/m3以下。
一种带有吸附分解功能的纳米高精度耐高温耐腐蚀滤布的制备方法，它包括以下步骤：
⑴将纳米活性炭纤维和聚四氟乙烯超细纤维经开松、混合、梳理、铺网处理形成超细纤维迎尘面层；
⑵将聚四氟乙烯短纤维近消静电处理、开松、混合、铺网处理形成透气净气面层；
⑶将步骤⑴和⑵制备的超细纤维迎尘面层和透气净气面层分别敷在基布上，经过针刺，得到聚四氟乙烯纤维针刺毛毡，其中针刺步骤分为1道预刺、6道主刺。
为了使针刺毛毡具有更加具有致密、平滑、高光泽亮度的表面，可将针刺毛毡进行压光处理，其中压光处理为冷轧，工艺参数优选为压辊压力为2.5公斤，压光速度为16m/min。
⑷将步骤⑶制备的聚四氟乙烯纤维针刺毛毡用PTFE分散液浸渍处理，后经热定型机进行烘干处理，即得到有吸附分解功能的纳米高精度耐高温耐腐蚀滤布。
PTFE分散液重量百分比优选为：PTFE为10-14％，硅油为3％，偶联剂为0.2-0.5％，水为82.5—86.8％。浸渍处理的工艺参数优选为浸渍温度为230℃，浸渍速度为4m/min。
针刺毛毡经过后处理过程可以使滤料表面光滑具有一定憎水性，同时保护滤料整体的耐酸碱腐蚀性，改善滤料整体孔隙率进一步提高排放浓度和使用寿命，减少滤袋更换次数，节省资金投入。
以上所述的仅是本发明的一些实施方式。对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明创造构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (10)

1.一种带有吸附分解功能的纳米高精度耐高温耐腐蚀滤布，其特征在于：包括中间的基布层(1)，所述基布层(1)的上表面设有超细纤维迎尘面层(2)，所述基布层(1)的下表面设有透气净气面层(3)，所述超细纤维迎尘面层(2)由纳米活性炭纤维和聚四氟乙烯超细纤维铺网构成，所述基布层(1)、所述超细纤维迎尘面层(2)和所述透气净气面层(3)针刺成毛毡，所述毛毡表面具有PTFE乳液浸渍层(4)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种带有吸附分解功能的纳米高精度耐高温耐腐蚀滤布，其特征在于：所述超细纤维迎尘面层(2)由20％纳米活性炭纤维和80％聚四氟乙烯超细纤维组成。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种带有吸附分解功能的纳米高精度耐高温耐腐蚀滤布，其特征在于：所述聚四氟乙烯超细纤维细度为1D。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种带有吸附分解功能的纳米高精度耐高温耐腐蚀滤布，其特征在于：所述透气净气面层(3)由聚四氟乙烯短纤维铺网构成。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种带有吸附分解功能的纳米高精度耐高温耐腐蚀滤布，其特征在于：所述基布层(1)为100％PTFE增强基布。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种带有吸附分解功能的纳米高精度耐高温耐腐蚀滤布制备方法，其特征在于包括以下步骤：
⑴将纳米活性炭纤维和聚四氟乙烯超细纤维经开松、混合、梳理、铺网处理形成超细纤维迎尘面层；
⑵将聚四氟乙烯短纤维经消静电、开松、混合、铺网处理形成透气净气面层；
⑶将步骤⑴和⑵制备的所述超细纤维迎尘面层和所述透气净气面层分别敷在基布的上表面和下表面，经过针刺，得到带有纳米活性炭超细纤维迎尘面层的聚四氟乙烯纤维针刺毛毡；
⑷将步骤⑶制备的所述聚四氟乙烯纤维针刺毛毡用PTFE分散液浸渍处理，后经烘干定型成卷，即得到带有吸附分解功能的纳米高精度耐高温耐腐蚀滤布。
7.根据权利要求6所述的一种带有吸附分解功能的纳米高精度耐高温耐腐蚀滤布制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤⑶的针刺工艺包括1道预刺、6道主刺。
8.根据权利要求6所述的一种带有吸附分解功能的纳米高精度耐高温耐腐蚀滤布制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤⑶和所述步骤⑷之间还包括一道后处理工艺，将所述聚四氟乙烯纤维针刺毛毡进行压光处理，所述压光处理的压光为冷轧，压辊压力为2.5公斤，压光速度为16m/min。
9.根据权利要求6所述的一种带有吸附分解功能的纳米高精度耐高温耐腐蚀滤布制备方法，其特征在于：所述PTFE分散液按重量百分比计包括：PTFE为10-14％，硅油为3％，偶联剂为0.2-0.5％，水为82.5—86.8％。
10.根据权利要求6所述的一种带有吸附分解功能的纳米高精度耐高温耐腐蚀滤布制备方法，其特征在于：所述浸渍处理工艺的浸渍温度为230℃，浸渍速度为4m/min。
CN201610058717.0A 2016-01-28 2016-01-28 一种带有吸附分解功能的纳米高精度耐高温耐腐蚀滤布及其制备方法 Pending CN105597424A (zh)

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