CN105575236A - Wind-solar complementary power generation demonstration experiment system - Google Patents
Wind-solar complementary power generation demonstration experiment system Download PDFInfo
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- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 194
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- 229910021419 crystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种风光互补发电演示实验系统，包括塑料壳体、太阳能发电单元、风力发电单元、拨码开关单元、前面板、控制单元、发电控制电路和演示显示单元；太阳能发电单元和风力发电单元分别与拨码开关单元连接；控制单元包括控制器电路、发电信息采集电路、控制输出电路、显示驱动电路和储能电池；演示显示单元包括LCD液晶显示器、LED指示灯、波段转换开关和外接演示负载；发电控制电路分别与拨码开关单元、控制器电路和波段转换开关连接。通过上述方式，本发明可以根据设定演示水平轴垂直轴风力发电、晶体硅/薄膜太阳能电池发电以及风光互补发电等，具有结构紧凑、使用方便、演示效果直观、科普性强都优点。
The invention discloses a wind-solar complementary power generation demonstration experiment system, which comprises a plastic shell, a solar power generation unit, a wind power generation unit, a dial switch unit, a front panel, a control unit, a power generation control circuit and a demonstration display unit; the solar power generation unit and the wind power generation unit The power generation unit is respectively connected with the dial switch unit; the control unit includes a controller circuit, a power generation information collection circuit, a control output circuit, a display drive circuit and an energy storage battery; the demonstration display unit includes an LCD liquid crystal display, an LED indicator light, a band conversion switch and The external demonstration load is connected; the power generation control circuit is respectively connected with the dial switch unit, the controller circuit and the band switching switch. Through the above method, the present invention can demonstrate horizontal axis vertical axis wind power generation, crystalline silicon/thin film solar cell power generation, and wind and solar hybrid power generation according to settings, and has the advantages of compact structure, convenient use, intuitive demonstration effect, and strong popularization.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及新能源发电技术领域，特别是涉及一种风光互补发电演示实验系统。The invention relates to the technical field of new energy power generation, in particular to a wind-solar complementary power generation demonstration experiment system.
背景技术Background technique
随着能源问题和环境问题的日益突出，常规化石能源长久以来的使用造成了全球环境污染的状况，加之其储量有限，新能源的开发和利用成为趋势。为了普及太阳能光伏发电以及风力发电的科学知识，一些太阳能光伏发电、风力发电的实验装置也随着被开发和推广，但现有的一些实验装置存在成本高、应用条件苛刻、难以大范围推广普及应用。太阳能光伏发电可以直接将太阳能通过光电转换直接发电，太阳能资源丰富、分布广泛、开发利用方便、取之不尽用之不竭等诸多的优点，光伏发电具有环保、便利、安全、高效等优点，近年来太阳能光伏发电发展迅速，在众多领域中获得了规模化应用。同样风能是最重要的可再生能源之一，风力发电技术也因其无污染、可再生，在国内外受到广泛推广。太阳能光伏和风力发电作为新能源的重要利用形式之一，将成为未来能源利用的主要方向和新能源领域的一个研究重点。在太阳能光伏发电过程会受到光照强度、天气变化等因素影响。风能也受到风力的随机性及风速的多变性限制。With the increasingly prominent energy and environmental issues, the long-term use of conventional fossil energy has caused global environmental pollution, coupled with its limited reserves, the development and utilization of new energy has become a trend. In order to popularize the scientific knowledge of solar photovoltaic power generation and wind power generation, some experimental devices for solar photovoltaic power generation and wind power generation have also been developed and promoted. However, some existing experimental devices have high costs, harsh application conditions, and are difficult to popularize on a large scale. application. Solar photovoltaic power generation can directly generate electricity from solar energy through photoelectric conversion. Solar energy resources are abundant, widely distributed, convenient to develop and utilize, and inexhaustible. Photovoltaic power generation has the advantages of environmental protection, convenience, safety, and high efficiency. In recent years, solar photovoltaic power generation has developed rapidly and has been applied on a large scale in many fields. Similarly, wind energy is one of the most important renewable energy sources, and wind power generation technology has been widely promoted at home and abroad because of its pollution-free and renewable nature. As one of the important utilization forms of new energy, solar photovoltaic and wind power will become the main direction of future energy utilization and a research focus in the field of new energy. The process of solar photovoltaic power generation will be affected by factors such as light intensity and weather changes. Wind energy is also limited by the randomness of wind force and the variability of wind speed.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明主要解决的技术问题是提供一种风光互补发电演示实验系统，能够可以根据设定演示水平轴垂直轴风力发电、晶体硅/薄膜太阳能电池发电以及风光互补发电等，具有结构紧凑、使用方便、演示效果直观、科普性强都优点。The main technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a wind-wind hybrid power generation demonstration experiment system, which can demonstrate horizontal-axis vertical-axis wind power generation, crystalline silicon/thin-film solar cell power generation, wind-wind hybrid power generation, etc. according to the settings, and has a compact structure and is easy to use. , Intuitive demonstration effect, strong popularization of science are all advantages.
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的一个技术方案是：提供一种风光互补发电演示实验系统，包括：塑料壳体、太阳能发电单元、风力发电单元、拨码开关单元、前面板、控制单元、发电控制电路和演示显示单元；所述太阳能发电单元、拨码开关单元固定在塑料壳体上表面，前面板固定在塑料壳体前表面上；所述太阳能发电单元和风力发电单元分别与拨码开关单元连接；所述控制单元包括控制器电路、发电信息采集电路、控制输出电路、显示驱动电路和储能电池；所述演示显示单元包括LCD液晶显示器、LED指示灯、波段转换开关和外接演示负载；所述发电控制电路分别与所述拨码开关单元、控制器电路和波段转换开关连接；所述波段转换开关的输入和输出分别连接在储能电池和外接演示负载之间；所述LCD液晶显示器和LED指示灯均与所述控制器电路连接，所述LCD液晶显示器显示所述演示显示单元的原理示意图和发电量信息，LED指示灯指示各发电单元的工作状态。In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, a technical solution adopted by the present invention is to provide a wind-solar hybrid power generation demonstration experiment system, including: a plastic shell, a solar power generation unit, a wind power generation unit, a dial switch unit, a front panel, a control unit, Power generation control circuit and demonstration display unit; the solar power generation unit and the dial switch unit are fixed on the upper surface of the plastic housing, and the front panel is fixed on the front surface of the plastic housing; the solar power generation unit and the wind power generation unit are respectively connected to the dial The switch unit is connected; the control unit includes a controller circuit, a power generation information acquisition circuit, a control output circuit, a display drive circuit and an energy storage battery; Load; the power generation control circuit is respectively connected with the dial switch unit, the controller circuit and the band switch; the input and output of the band switch are respectively connected between the energy storage battery and the external demonstration load; the LCD Both the liquid crystal display and the LED indicator lights are connected to the controller circuit, the LCD liquid crystal display displays the schematic diagram of the demonstration display unit and the power generation information, and the LED indicator lights indicate the working status of each power generation unit.
优选的，所述发电控制电路包括风力发电控制电路和太阳能发电控制电路；所述风力发电单元包括垂直轴风力发电机和水平轴风力发电机，垂直轴风力发电机固定在塑料壳体上表面，水平轴风力发电机固定在塑料壳体侧面；所述垂直轴风力发电机和水平轴风力发电机的输出通过拨码开关单元和风力发电控制电路后与所述控制器电路相连接；所述太阳能发电单元包括晶体硅太阳能光伏电池和薄膜太阳能光伏电池，晶体硅太阳能光伏电池和薄膜太阳能光伏电池通过拨码开关单元和太阳能发电控制电路后与所述控制器电路相连接。Preferably, the power generation control circuit includes a wind power generation control circuit and a solar power generation control circuit; the wind power generation unit includes a vertical axis wind generator and a horizontal axis wind generator, and the vertical axis wind generator is fixed on the upper surface of the plastic shell, The horizontal axis wind generator is fixed on the side of the plastic shell; the output of the vertical axis wind generator and the horizontal axis wind generator are connected to the controller circuit after passing through the dial switch unit and the wind power generation control circuit; the solar energy The power generation unit includes a crystalline silicon solar photovoltaic cell and a thin film solar photovoltaic cell, and the crystalline silicon solar photovoltaic cell and the thin film solar photovoltaic cell are connected to the controller circuit through a dial switch unit and a solar power generation control circuit.
优选的，所述拨码开关单元由位拨码开关S1、拨码开关S2、拨码开关W1、拨码开关W2组成，拨码开关S1与薄膜太阳能光伏电池的输出端连接，拨码开关S2与晶体硅太阳能光伏电池的输出端连接，拨码开关W1与垂直轴风力发电机的输出端连接，拨码开关W2与水平轴风力发电机的输出端相连接；所述太阳能发电单元和风力发电单元经拨码组合开关进行连接后，通过对拨码开关的通断选择可以组合成以下几种发电模式：Preferably, the DIP switch unit is composed of a DIP switch S1, a DIP switch S2, a DIP switch W1, and a DIP switch W2. The DIP switch S1 is connected to the output end of the thin-film solar photovoltaic cell, and the DIP switch S2 It is connected with the output end of the crystalline silicon solar photovoltaic cell, the dial switch W1 is connected with the output end of the vertical axis wind power generator, and the dial switch W2 is connected with the output end of the horizontal axis wind power generator; the solar power generation unit and the wind power generator After the unit is connected through the combination switch of the code, the following power generation modes can be combined by the on-off selection of the switch:
1）、单独晶体硅太阳能发电模式，单独薄膜太阳能发电模式，单独垂直轴风力发电模式，单独水平轴风力发电模式；1) Single crystalline silicon solar power generation mode, single thin-film solar power generation mode, single vertical axis wind power generation mode, and single horizontal axis wind power generation mode;
2）、晶体硅太阳能发电和薄膜太阳能发电组成的联合太阳能发电模式，垂直轴风力发电和水平轴风力发电组成的联合风力发电模式；以及联合太阳能发电模式和联合风力发电模式组成的互补发电模式；2) Combined solar power generation mode composed of crystalline silicon solar power generation and thin film solar power generation, combined wind power generation mode composed of vertical axis wind power generation and horizontal axis wind power generation; and complementary power generation mode composed of combined solar power generation mode and combined wind power generation mode;
3）、晶体硅太阳能发电和垂直轴风力发电的互补发电模式，薄膜太阳能发电和垂直轴风力发电的互补发电模式，晶体硅太阳能发电和水平轴风力发电的互补发电模式，薄膜太阳能发电和水平轴风力发电的互补发电模式。3) Complementary power generation mode of crystalline silicon solar power generation and vertical axis wind power generation, complementary power generation mode of thin film solar power generation and vertical axis wind power generation, complementary power generation mode of crystalline silicon solar power generation and horizontal axis wind power generation, thin film solar power generation and horizontal axis Complementary power generation mode of wind power generation.
优选的，所述风力发电控制电路包括整流电路和发电电流采集电路；所述太阳能发电控制电路包括滤波电路和发电电压采集电路。Preferably, the wind power generation control circuit includes a rectification circuit and a power generation current collection circuit; the solar power generation control circuit includes a filter circuit and a power generation voltage collection circuit.
优选的，所述外接演示负载上设有USB输出电路接口和LED负载演示灯。Preferably, the external demonstration load is provided with a USB output circuit interface and an LED load demonstration light.
优选的，所述塑料壳体由带85度倾角的长方体塑料壳组成；所述LCD液晶显示器、LED指示灯、波段转换开关、USB输出电路接口和LED负载演示灯固定在前面板上。Preferably, the plastic housing is composed of a cuboid plastic housing with an inclination angle of 85 degrees; the LCD liquid crystal display, LED indicator light, band switching switch, USB output circuit interface and LED load demonstration lamp are fixed on the front panel.
优选的，所述控制器电路为STC15F2K60S2组成，储能电池由锂电池组成。Preferably, the controller circuit is composed of STC15F2K60S2, and the energy storage battery is composed of a lithium battery.
本发明的有益效果是：本发明采用小功率低安全电压输出的不同类型风力发电机和不同种类太阳能电池作为发电单元，并根据切换开关不同组合，可以实现多种太阳能光伏、风力及互补发电系统的演示实验，配合LCD液晶显示器、LED指示灯和输出负载显示，更加直观的演示了整个发电过程，该系统具有演示直观、安全便捷、科普性强都突出优点，适合在新能源发电专业知识普及、相关课程实验教学、技术培训等场合应用推广。The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention adopts different types of wind power generators with low power and low safety voltage output and different types of solar cells as power generation units, and according to different combinations of switches, various solar photovoltaic, wind power and complementary power generation systems can be realized The demonstration experiment, combined with LCD liquid crystal display, LED indicator lights and output load display, demonstrates the entire power generation process more intuitively. This system has the advantages of intuitive demonstration, safety and convenience, and strong popularization. It is suitable for the popularization of professional knowledge in new energy power generation. , relevant courses, experimental teaching, technical training and other occasions for application and promotion.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明风光互补发电演示实验系统一较佳实施例的立体结构示意图；Fig. 1 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the wind-solar hybrid power generation demonstration experiment system of the present invention;
图2是所示风光互补发电演示实验系统的电气单元组成及工作原理示意图。Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the electrical unit composition and working principle of the wind-solar hybrid power generation demonstration experiment system shown.
附图中各部件的标记如下：1、塑料壳体；2、太阳能发电单元；3、风力发电单元；4、拨码开关单元；5、前面板；6、控制单元；7、发电控制电路；8、波段转换开关；9、外接演示负载；10、LCD液晶显示器；11、LED指示灯；21、薄膜太阳能光伏电池；22、晶体硅太阳能光伏电池；31、垂直轴风力发电机；32、水平轴风力发电机。The marks of the components in the drawings are as follows: 1. Plastic shell; 2. Solar power generation unit; 3. Wind power generation unit; 4. DIP switch unit; 5. Front panel; 6. Control unit; 7. Power generation control circuit; 8. Band conversion switch; 9. External demonstration load; 10. LCD liquid crystal display; 11. LED indicator light; 21. Thin-film solar photovoltaic cell; 22. Crystalline silicon solar photovoltaic cell; 31. Vertical axis wind turbine; 32. Horizontal shaft wind turbine.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合附图对本发明的较佳实施例进行详细阐述，以使本发明的优点和特征能更易于被本领域技术人员理解，从而对本发明的保护范围做出更为清楚明确的界定。The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, so that the advantages and features of the present invention can be more easily understood by those skilled in the art, so as to define the protection scope of the present invention more clearly.
请参阅图1和图2，本发明实施例包括：Please refer to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the embodiment of the present invention comprises:
一种风光互补发电演示实验系统包括塑料壳体1、太阳能发电单元2、风力发电单元3、拨码开关单元4、前面板5、控制单元6、发电控制电路7和演示显示单元；所述塑料壳体1由带85度倾角的长方体塑料壳体组成，前面板固定在塑料壳体前表面上；所述太阳能发电单元2由薄膜太阳能光伏电池21和晶体硅太阳能光伏电池22组成，所述薄膜太阳能光伏电池21和晶体硅太阳能电池22均平铺嵌入在塑料壳体1的上面盖板左侧位置；所述风力发电单元3由垂直轴风力发电机31和水平轴风力发电机32两组小型风力发电机组成，所述垂直轴风力发电机31放置于塑料壳体1上侧面板的右上角位置，所述水平轴风力发电机32放置于塑料壳体1的右侧面板上。所述太阳能发电单元2和风力发电单元3分别与拨码开关单元4连接；所述控制单元6包括控制器电路、发电信息采集电路、控制输出电路、显示驱动电路和储能电池；所述演示显示单元包括LCD液晶显示器10、LED指示灯11、波段转换开关8和外接演示负载9；所述发电控制电路7分别与所述拨码开关单元4、控制器电路和波段转换开关8连接；所述波段转换开关8的输入和输出分别连接在储能电池和外接演示负载9之间；所述外接演示负载9包括USB输出电路接口和LED负载演示灯；所述外接演示负载9包括LED负载演示灯和USB输出电路接口组成，外接演示负载9的供电输入部分可以通过波段转换开关8进行选择，包括单独太阳能、风力、蓄电池以及太阳能和风力互补供电方式；所述LCD液晶显示器10、LED指示灯11、波段切换开关8、USB负载输出接口和直流LED灯演示负载固定在前面板5上；所述LCD液晶显示器10和LED指示灯11均与所述控制器电路连接，所述LCD液晶显示器10显示所述演示显示单元的原理示意图和发电量信息，LED指示灯11可以分别指示薄膜太阳能光伏电池21、晶体硅太阳能光伏电池22、垂直轴风力发电机31和水平轴风力发电机32的工作状态。A wind-solar hybrid power generation demonstration experiment system includes a plastic housing 1, a solar power generation unit 2, a wind power generation unit 3, a dial switch unit 4, a front panel 5, a control unit 6, a power generation control circuit 7 and a demonstration display unit; the plastic The casing 1 is composed of a cuboid plastic casing with an inclination angle of 85 degrees, and the front panel is fixed on the front surface of the plastic casing; the solar power generation unit 2 is composed of a thin-film solar photovoltaic cell 21 and a crystalline silicon solar photovoltaic cell 22, and the thin-film Both the solar photovoltaic cell 21 and the crystalline silicon solar cell 22 are tiled and embedded on the left side of the top cover of the plastic casing 1; The vertical axis wind generator 31 is placed on the upper right corner of the upper side panel of the plastic housing 1, and the horizontal axis wind generator 32 is placed on the right side panel of the plastic housing 1. The solar power generation unit 2 and the wind power generation unit 3 are respectively connected with the dial switch unit 4; the control unit 6 includes a controller circuit, a power generation information collection circuit, a control output circuit, a display drive circuit and an energy storage battery; the demonstration The display unit includes an LCD liquid crystal display 10, an LED indicator light 11, a band changeover switch 8 and an external demonstration load 9; the power generation control circuit 7 is respectively connected to the dial switch unit 4, the controller circuit and the band changeover switch 8; The input and output of the band changeover switch 8 are respectively connected between the energy storage battery and the external demonstration load 9; the external demonstration load 9 comprises a USB output circuit interface and an LED load demonstration lamp; the external demonstration load 9 comprises an LED load demonstration Composed of lights and USB output circuit interfaces, the power supply input part of the external demonstration load 9 can be selected through the band changeover switch 8, including independent solar energy, wind power, storage battery, and solar and wind power complementary power supply modes; the LCD liquid crystal display 10, LED indicator light 11. The band switching switch 8, the USB load output interface and the DC LED lamp demonstration load are fixed on the front panel 5; the LCD liquid crystal display 10 and the LED indicator light 11 are all connected to the controller circuit, and the LCD liquid crystal display 10 Display the schematic diagram of the principle of the demonstration display unit and the power generation information, and the LED indicator light 11 can respectively indicate the working status of the thin film solar photovoltaic cell 21, the crystalline silicon solar photovoltaic cell 22, the vertical axis wind power generator 31 and the horizontal axis wind power generator 32 .
所述拨码开关单元4由位拨码开关S1、S2、W1、W2组成，放置于塑料壳体1上表面的右下角位置；拨码开关S1、S2、W1、W2分别与薄膜太阳能光伏电池21、晶体硅太阳能电池22、垂直轴风力发电机31和水平轴风力发电机32的输出端相连接；所述太阳能发电单元2和风力发电单元3经拨码开关单元4进行连接后，通过对拨码开关的通断选择可以组合成以下几种发电模式：The dial switch unit 4 is composed of bit dial switches S1, S2, W1, and W2, and is placed on the lower right corner of the upper surface of the plastic housing 1; the dial switches S1, S2, W1, and W2 are connected with the thin film solar photovoltaic cell 21. The output ends of the crystalline silicon solar cell 22, the vertical axis wind generator 31 and the horizontal axis wind generator 32 are connected; The on-off selection of the DIP switch can be combined into the following power generation modes:
1）、单独晶体硅太阳能发电模式，单独薄膜太阳能发电模式，单独垂直轴风力发电模式，单独水平轴风力发电模式；1) Single crystalline silicon solar power generation mode, single thin-film solar power generation mode, single vertical axis wind power generation mode, and single horizontal axis wind power generation mode;
2）、晶体硅太阳能发电和薄膜太阳能发电组成的联合太阳能发电模式，垂直轴风力发电和水平轴风力发电组成的联合风力发电模式；以及联合太阳能发电模式和联合风力发电模式组成的互补发电模式；2) Combined solar power generation mode composed of crystalline silicon solar power generation and thin film solar power generation, combined wind power generation mode composed of vertical axis wind power generation and horizontal axis wind power generation; and complementary power generation mode composed of combined solar power generation mode and combined wind power generation mode;
3）、晶体硅太阳能发电和垂直轴风力发电的互补发电模式，薄膜太阳能发电和垂直轴风力发电的互补发电模式，晶体硅太阳能发电和水平轴风力发电的互补发电模式，薄膜太阳能发电和水平轴风力发电的互补发电模式。3) Complementary power generation mode of crystalline silicon solar power generation and vertical axis wind power generation, complementary power generation mode of thin film solar power generation and vertical axis wind power generation, complementary power generation mode of crystalline silicon solar power generation and horizontal axis wind power generation, thin film solar power generation and horizontal axis Complementary power generation mode of wind power generation.
如图2所示为风光互补发电演示实验系统的电气单元组成及工作原理图结构图，主要包括太阳能发电单元2、风力发电单元3、拨码开关单元4、控制单元6、发电控制电路7、波段转换开关8和外接演示负载9。所述太阳能发电单元2和风力发电单元3经四位拨码开关后分别连接发电控制电路7，所述发电控制电路7包括太阳能发电控制电路和风力发电控制电路。所述波段转换开关8输入和输出分别连接发电控制电路7、控制单元6的储能电池以及外接演示负载9。所述的控制单元6分别可以采集专用控制电路7的发电数据信号，并可以控制给蓄电池6充电，其中控制电路可以将采集的控制电路7的发电数据信息经LCD和LED显示进行输出显示。As shown in Figure 2, the electrical unit composition and working principle diagram of the wind-solar hybrid power generation demonstration experiment system mainly include solar power generation unit 2, wind power generation unit 3, dial switch unit 4, control unit 6, power generation control circuit 7, Band switching switch 8 and external demonstration load 9. The solar power generation unit 2 and the wind power generation unit 3 are respectively connected to a power generation control circuit 7 through a four-position dial switch, and the power generation control circuit 7 includes a solar power generation control circuit and a wind power generation control circuit. The input and output of the band changeover switch 8 are respectively connected to the power generation control circuit 7 , the energy storage battery of the control unit 6 and an external demonstration load 9 . The control unit 6 can collect the power generation data signal of the dedicated control circuit 7 and control the charging of the storage battery 6, wherein the control circuit can output and display the collected power generation data information of the control circuit 7 through LCD and LED display.
本发明采用小功率低安全电压输出的不同类型风力发电机和不同种类太阳能电池作为发电单元，并根据切换开关不同组合，可以实现多种太阳能光伏、风力及互补发电系统的演示实验，配合LCD液晶显示器、LED指示灯和输出负载显示，更加直观的演示了整个发电过程，该系统具有演示直观、安全便捷、科普性强都突出优点，适合在新能源发电专业知识普及、相关课程实验教学、技术培训等场合应用推广。The present invention uses different types of wind power generators with low power and low safety voltage output and different types of solar cells as power generation units, and according to different combinations of switches, it can realize demonstration experiments of various solar photovoltaic, wind power and complementary power generation systems, and cooperate with LCD liquid crystal The display, LED indicator light and output load display demonstrate the entire power generation process more intuitively. The system has outstanding advantages of intuitive demonstration, safety and convenience, and strong popularization. Application and promotion in training and other occasions.
以上所述仅为本发明的实施例，并非因此限制本发明的专利范围，凡是利用本发明说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换，或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。The above is only an embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process conversion made by using the description of the present invention and the contents of the accompanying drawings, or directly or indirectly used in other related technologies fields, all of which are equally included in the scope of patent protection of the present invention.
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