CN105571118A - Biomass hot water boiler - Google Patents
Biomass hot water boiler Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105571118A CN105571118A CN201510982655.8A CN201510982655A CN105571118A CN 105571118 A CN105571118 A CN 105571118A CN 201510982655 A CN201510982655 A CN 201510982655A CN 105571118 A CN105571118 A CN 105571118A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- boiler
- biomass
- hot water
- combustion chamber
- fire grate
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 239000011901 water Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000002485 combustion reactions Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000446 fuels Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000208202 Linaceae Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000004431 Linum usitatissimum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019714 Triticale Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000228158 x Triticosecale Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon monoxide Chemical compound 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[O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000003546 flue gases Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241001081830 Degeneriaceae Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000012970 cakes Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound 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[C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 methods Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001890 sulfur dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering processes Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002803 fossil fuels Substances 0.000 description 2
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulphur dioxide Chemical compound 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O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 210000004369 Blood Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000003916 acid precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixtures Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006011 modification reactions Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gases Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oils Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substances Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste materials Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT GENERATING MEANS, IN GENERAL
- F24H1/00—Water heaters having heat generating means, e.g. boiler, flow- heater, water-storage heater
- F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water storage heaters, e.g. water-heaters for central heating
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT GENERATING MEANS, IN GENERAL
- F24H9/00—Details
- F24H9/18—Arrangement or mounting of grates, burners, or heating elements
- F24H9/1809—Arrangement or mounting of grates, burners, or heating elements for water heaters
- F24H9/1845—Arrangement or mounting of grates, burners, or heating elements for water heaters solid combustible heating means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT GENERATING MEANS, IN GENERAL
- F24H2230/00—Solid fuel fired boiler
Abstract
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of boiler of firing biomass fuel, particularly relate to a kind of biomass hot water boiler, belong to fuel apparatus technical field.
Background technology
The fossil fuels such as oil, coal, natural gas are the main energy sources in the whole world at present, account for about 80% of total energy consumption.But due to its reserves successively decrease year by year and fossil fuel produces C02 in application process; S02; the problems such as the global warming that NOX and volume of smoke cause, acid rain and smoke contamination cause serious environmental pollution, and biomass energy is because of its low stain, recyclability, the widely distributed a kind of enormously potential clean energy resource being considered to solution China energy crisis.The alternative standard coal 0.8-1.0 of every 10,000 tons of biomass fuels ten thousand tons according to statistics, reduces sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions 160 tons, reduces soot emissions 80 tons, reduces CO2 emission 1.44 ten thousand tons.
Biomass energy is regenerative resource the most widely in the world, but is not yet used appropriately, and mostly directly when fuel wood use, efficiency is low, influence ecological environment.The direct burning of living beings is major ways of current China biomass economy.Living beings are directly burnt and are mainly divided into stove society to burn and boiler combustion.Cooking stove burn operation is easy, investment comparatively economizes, but efficiency of combustion is generally on the low side, thus causes the serious waste of biomass resource; And boiler combustion adopts advanced combustion technology, using the fuel combustion of living beings as boiler, to improve the utilization ratio of living beings, be applicable to Relatively centralized, utilize biomass resource on a large scale.
For biological substance for combustion shaped fuel, existing biomass molded fuel combustion equipment is improved to form on the basis of coal-burning boiler, there is the un-reasonable phenomenons such as air flow field distribution, fire box temperature field distribution, distribution of concentration, heating surface layout, normal speed and the normal condition of biomass molding fuel burning are had a strong impact on, exhaust gas temperature more than 220 DEG C, problems such as causing that boiler thermal output is low, black smoke is billowing, easily slagging scorification, floor space are large.
China Patent No. be 201010149739.0 application discloses a kind of biomass fuel combustion device, this device comprises discharge flue, combustion chamber, Heat Room, flue gas flash chamber, wherein flash chamber is made up of economizer and preheater, adopt the exhaust temperature after traditional economizer reduction exhaust gas temperature cooling still very high, heat utilization ratio is low; China Patent No. be 201320174744.6 application discloses a kind of biomass hot water boiler, it is characterized in that living beings directly to pile up burning, burning is abundant not, and combustion efficiency is poor; China Patent No. be 201410279135.6 application discloses a kind of reciprocating biomass boiler, this device comprises charging gear, reciprocal grate, deashing device composition, the disposable air-supply of device, the feature of the different component of fire grate burning block needs can not be adapted to, fuel can not fully contact with air, and combustion efficiency is not good.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to solve the problem and provide that a kind of Automated condtrol, the thermal efficiency are high, sufficient combustion, exhaust gas temperature are low, pollute few biomass hot water boiler.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above adopted technical scheme:
A kind of biomass hot water boiler, comprises pay-off, vertical boiler, dust arrester, it is characterized in that, described pay-off comprising the feed bin for filling block biomass fuel, the feeder compartment below feed bin, cutter between feed bin and feeder compartment, being positioned at the reciprocating piston of feeder compartment, described vertical boiler comprises combustion chamber, Heat Room, outlet and the vertical boiler wall of feeder compartment extend horizontally in combustion chamber, vertical boiler wall above described feeder compartment is furnished with observation panel, bottom, combustion chamber is provided with inclination reciprocating fire grate, the upper end of inclination reciprocating fire grate is positioned at outlet bottom, feeder compartment, First air import is furnished with below described inclination reciprocating fire grate, inclination reciprocating fire grate top arranges ignition arch, vertical boiler front face above described inclination reciprocating fire grate is furnished with secondary air inlet, tertiary air import is provided with higher than on the described vertical boiler rear surface of described secondary air inlet, dividing plate between described combustion chamber and Heat Room is eddy flow guide plate, below described eddy flow guide plate and described inclination reciprocating fire grate lower end is furnished with slag notch, lime-ash hauler is provided with below slag notch, pipe heat exchanger is provided with in described Heat Room, described dust arrester comprises and the flue of combustion chamber and the cyclone dust collectors in back taper being positioned at flue, and described flue is also provided with separate type heat exchanger in (20).
Further, water-cooled valve is furnished with above described feeder compartment.
Further, cleaning door is provided with below described cyclone dust collectors.
Further, described cleaning door is connected by pipeline with slag notch.
Further, described combustion chamber is cooled by water-cooling wall.
Further, described biomass fuel is one or more in grain stem, rape stalk, triticale stalk, flax biomass fuel.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1 pay-off: pay-off full automation, device energy-wasting is few, and the living beings processed just can send into boiler combustion without the need to other process, and the spatial load forecasting of cutter in the state of the best without the need to repeatedly more allowing blade replacement.
2 combustion chambers: be furnished with reciprocating inclined grate, ignition arch in combustion chamber, adopt air zoning to ensure full combustion of fuel, reciprocating inclined grate carries out cooling by First air and avoids coking.
3 separate type heat pipe exchangers: adopt separate type heat pipe exchanger to replace traditional pipe heat exchanger to reduce exhaust gas temperature, save the energy, raise the efficiency.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structure chart of biomass hot water boiler of the present invention.
In figure:
The block biomass fuel of 1-, 2-feed bin, 3-cutter, 4-reciprocating piston push rod, 5-feeder compartment, 6-water-cooled valve, 7-observation panel, 8-combustion chamber, 9-inclination reciprocating fire grate, the import of 10-First air, 11-ignition arch, 12-secondary air inlet, the import of 13-tertiary air, 14-eddy flow guide plate, 15-slag notch, 16-lime-ash hauler, 17-Heat Room, 18-pipe heat exchanger, 19-separate type heat pipe exchanger, 20-flue, 21-cyclone dust collectors, 22-cleaning door.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this.
As shown in Figure 1, biomass hot water boiler of the present invention, mainly comprises pay-off, vertical boiler, dust arrester; Described pay-off is for filling the feed bin 2 of block biomass fuel 1, the feeder compartment 5 below feed bin 2, the cutter 3 between feed bin 2 and feeder compartment 5, being positioned at the reciprocating piston of feeder compartment 5.Described vertical boiler comprises combustion chamber 8, Heat Room 17, and outlet and the vertical boiler wall of feeder compartment 5 extend horizontally in combustion chamber 8.
During feeding, cake mass fuel 1 falls into feeder compartment 5 from feed bin 2, utilizes the cutter 3 between feed bin 2 and feeder compartment 5, is cut off by cake mass fuel 1, under the impetus of reciprocating piston push rod 4, the cake mass fuel 1 be cut enters combustion chamber 8 by feeder compartment 5.Be furnished with water-cooled valve 6 above described feeder compartment 5, when reciprocating piston push rod 4 moves to left side, water-cooled valve 6 is closed, and avoids propagation of flame to feeder compartment 5.
The wall of described vertical boiler and the top of described feeder compartment 5 are furnished with observation panel 7.Described combustion chamber 8 is cooled by water-cooling wall.Bottom, combustion chamber 8 is provided with inclination reciprocating fire grate 9, and the upper end of inclination reciprocating fire grate 9 is positioned at feeder compartment 5 and exports bottom, and the fuel sent from feeder compartment 5 is dropped on inclination reciprocating fire grate 9.Be furnished with First air import 10 below described inclination reciprocating fire grate 9, inclination reciprocating fire grate 9 top arranges ignition arch 11, improves fire box temperature, accelerates biomass fuel combustion, prolong smoke flow process, promotes full combustion of fuel.
Vertical boiler front face above described inclination reciprocating fire grate 9 is furnished with secondary air inlet 12, is provided with tertiary air import 13 higher than on the described vertical boiler rear surface of described secondary air inlet 12.Dividing plate between described combustion chamber 8 and Heat Room 17 is eddy flow guide plate 14, and below described eddy flow guide plate 14 and described inclination reciprocating fire grate 9 lower end is furnished with slag notch 15.Flue gas first makes the dust in flue gas deposit at this when Heat Room 17 under the effect of eddy flow guide plate 14, and falls into slag notch 15, is provided with lime-ash hauler 16 below slag notch 15.Pipe heat exchanger 18 is provided with in described Heat Room 17.Described dust arrester comprises the flue 20 be communicated with combustion chamber 8 and the cyclone dust collectors 21 in back taper being positioned at flue, separate type heat exchanger 19 is also provided with in described flue 20, for reducing exhaust gas temperature, separate type heat pipe exchanger 19 heat transfer efficiency is high, heat utilization rate is high, separate type heat pipe exchanger 19 can make cold fluid and hot fluid be separated completely simultaneously, convenient installation.Cleaning door 22 is provided with below described dust arrester internal cyclone deduster 21.Described cleaning door 22 is connected by pipeline with slag notch 15.
Boiler of the present invention, can grain stem, rape stalk, triticale stalk, one or more in flax biomass fuel are as fuel, power can reach 2.0-5.0MW, the temperature exporting hot water is 90 DEG C-110 DEG C, water capacity is 18.5-23.5m3, operating pressure is 0.3-0.6MPa, and the efficiency of boiler can reach 87%, and the flue gas that boiler is discharged is in the limited range of European Emission regulation.
Described embodiment is preferred embodiment of the present invention; but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment; when not deviating from flesh and blood of the present invention, any apparent improvement that those skilled in the art can make, replacement or modification all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
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CN106016331A (en) * | 2016-05-24 | 2016-10-12 | 河南科技大学 | Biomass combustion furnace |
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