CN105569699A - Inclined shaft development support technology for isolated coal pillar - Google Patents
Inclined shaft development support technology for isolated coal pillar Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105569699A CN105569699A CN201510968971.XA CN201510968971A CN105569699A CN 105569699 A CN105569699 A CN 105569699A CN 201510968971 A CN201510968971 A CN 201510968971A CN 105569699 A CN105569699 A CN 105569699A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- anchor
- supporting
- roadway
- support
- shaft
- Prior art date
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- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound 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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
- E21D11/15—Plate linings; Laggings, i.e. linings designed for holding back formation material or for transmitting the load to main supporting members
- E21D11/152—Laggings made of grids or nettings
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
- E21D20/02—Setting anchoring-bolts with provisions for grouting
- E21D20/021—Grouting with inorganic components, e.g. cement
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
Abstract
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to coal mine down-hole tunnel support technology, be specially a kind of gob-surrounded pillar slope development support process.
Background technology
At present, the Datong Coal Group Company four Lao Gou ore deposit level of production is 1070m, is divided into 301,303,402,404 4 production exploiting fields, wherein 301,303, and 402 exploiting fields have terminated to shrink.The 404 western wings in exploiting field were that four high working face exploiting fields, Lao Gou ore deposit are now airtight originally, the east wing is that village, Nanyang road coal column can arrange three stopes, it is annual task guarantee four old ditch 2014 later six months and 2015, due to this work plane and the existing 404 original inclined shaft gathering in panel 2050m, if also have 1070 large lanes continue to utilize original inclined shaft will greatly increase cost of transportation and the ventilation cost in my ore deposit to inclined shaft distance 700m, if Coal Economy tendency relatively weakness form under continue to adopt herein coal column when there is no that what profit can be sayed.A new inclined shaft is to solve transport of materials problem now to need the new opening of my ore deposit decision-making separately to arrange, if can select separately to open inclined shaft and will arrange tunnel all around through one by existence conditions, and one that discloses crossdrift again heavily stressedly has Complex Hydrogeological Conditions coal column tunnel.Domestic and international research island working face driving production technique much and summarize a lot of practical experience, but the technology of tunneling inclined shaft like this in gob-surrounded pillar under complex geological condition also belongs to blank.Technical data and many technology still not too complete.The method reducing roadway damage at present both at home and abroad mainly contains:
1, choose reasonable roadway position: be typically chosen in comparatively stable, the simple rock stratum of stress situation, or be arranged in pressure release band, to reduce roadway surrounding rock pressure;
2, roadway support dynamics is strengthened: the general anchor rete cord spray cover that adopts adds U-shaped steel, coordinates the combined supporting mode such as wall rock grouting and base plate anchor note.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the developing support process tunneling inclined shaft in a kind of gob-surrounded pillar under complex geological condition.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme to realize:
A kind of gob-surrounded pillar slope development support process, comprises the steps:
(1), tunnel adopt smooth blasting, construct by design section size.
(2), brushing of caunching after explosion, top board, lane side note Ma Lisan, between Ma Lisan injection eye, array pitch is 1.5m × 1.5m, and eye is dark is 2.5m.
Just spray is adopted to do temporary lining; When passing fault or roof cracking band, just hanging-ring type forestope also must be used to do temporary lining after spray.
First spray is met head on to play anchor pole close plating net after 30mm initial set 20min and is sprayed again, and cover net installs anchor rope truss apart from the 20-30m that meets head on, and the 50m that meets head on of delaying is shaped by design thickness whitewashing, not emerging mesh after whitewashing; Playing slope point when reaching inclined shaft, starting lane side and setting wall supporting supporting, injection Ma Lisan delayed wall supporting supporting 10m scope.
Wherein, tunnel all adopts the left-handed nothing of metal to indulge muscle anchor pole, and anchor pole specification is φ 20mm × 2000mm, spacing × array pitch=1000mm × 800mm, and add and join the plastic-steel supporting plate that specification is 200mm × 2400mm, roadway's sides FLOOR ANCHOR all uses special-shaped pallet; Every root anchor pole all adopts a resin anchoring agent anchoring; Bolt pretension square is not less than 400Nm, and anchor-holding force of anchor bolt is not less than 130kN.
The wire lath reinforcement welding of φ 6mm, specification is length × wide=1800mm × 1000mm, grid 100mm × 100mm; Mutually must overlap between wire lath, connect a place every 200mm between net with net and turn round jail.
Design sprayed mortar thickness is respectively 150mm ~ 200mm, and strength grade is C20; Wherein, the addition of accelerating admixture is 2% ~ 4% of cement weight.
Anchor cable specification is Ф 15.24mm × 6300m, anchor rope truss array pitch 2.0m, cable interval 1.80 ~ 2.00m in truss; Every root anchor cable adopts three resin anchoring agents to carry out anchoring.
Trussed construction anchor cable joist adopts mining U25 type i iron to be pressed into arched girder by predetermined angular, beam length 4.00 ~ 4.40m, and 5 anchor cables installed by every frame.
(3), carry out pick one anchor, installing anchor pole, linked network, multiple spray with meeting head on, anchor rope truss being installed, the complete note Ma Lisan of wall supporting supporting, multiple spray; Maximum unsupported back span of meeting head on before blowing out is no more than 0.8m, and maximum unsupported back span of meeting head on after blowing out is no more than 2.6m, cyclic advance 1.8m; Until inclined shaft supporting completes.
High-ground stress wall rock laneway support becomes a difficult problem in current supporting.Unstable roadway support and the interactional research of country rock show, supporting intensity is the key factor controlling roadway surrounding rock drastic deformation, only gives full play to the self-bearing ability of country rock, effectively could control the drastic deformation in tunnel.Controlling the most direct effective means of surrounding rock separation layer is improve the mechanical property of country rock, improves its force-bearing situation.Therefore, at gob-surrounded pillar high-ground stress, unstable coal and rock beds construction tunnel, mainly should improve Surrounding Rock Masses of Roadway mechanical property, make full use of intrinsic strength and the self-bearing ability of Surrounding Rock Masses of Roadway, take supporting and protection structure actively, initiatively and support pattern to reach the supporting effect of expection, with the requirement of satisfied safety in production.Along with applying of high-strength deformed steel bar anchor pole and resin anchoring agent and Ma Lisan adhesive, anchor, net, spray support technology reach its maturity, and apply under a lot of complicated hard situation and achieve successfully.And high-performance, high strength, high pre-stress anchor pole and anchor cable have stronger control action to reinforce adjoining rock and controlling distortion.Given this, " lane side note Ma Lisan Bolt net and jet and trussed construction anchor cable beam " the combined supporting mode that designs tunnels supporting for inquiring into gob-surrounded pillar.Large, unstable coal rock layer is pressed and the feature such as roof rock is soft for gob-surrounded pillar, consider to adopt inclined shaft lane side injection Ma Lisan filling coal petrography crack to improve coal column globality and intensity, hang steel mesh reinforcement and sprayed mortar enclosing tunnel country rock, to strengthen roadway surrounding rock globality, stability, trussed construction anchor cable is adopted to improve the self-bearing ability of country rock, to reach supporting effect.
The inventive method is reasonable in design, four Lao Gou ore deposits are in successful Application bolt-mesh-spurting supporting technical foundation, the support technology of panel sub-inclined shaft in isolated island high-ground stress country rock tunnel is probed boldly and studied, " Bolt net and jet+trussed construction anchor cable " support pattern that combines is adopted to carry out supporting at heavily stressed gob-surrounded pillar sub-inclined shaft, effect is ideal, for mine heavily stressed gob-surrounded pillar large section tunnel advance supporting aspect have accumulated successful experience.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 represents roadway support generalized section.
In figure, 1-anchor cable, 2-anchor pole, 3-steel truss.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, specific embodiments of the invention are described in detail.
A kind of gob-surrounded pillar slope development support process, comprises the steps:
(1), tunnel adopt smooth blasting, construct by design section size.Smooth blasting is one of important technology supporting New Austrian Tunneling Method principle, refer to by selecting properly blasting parameter and rational construction method, subregion segmentation short-delay blasting, reaches explosion trailing wheel profile and meets designing requirement, a kind of Controlled blasting technique of the smooth rule of free face.
(2), brushing of caunching after explosion, top board, lane side note Ma Lisan, between Ma Lisan injection eye, array pitch is 1.5m × 1.5m, and eye is dark is 2.5m.
Just spray is adopted to do temporary lining; When passing fault or roof cracking band, just hanging-ring type forestope also must be used to do temporary lining after spray.
First spray is met head on to play anchor pole close plating net after 30mm initial set 20min and is sprayed again, and cover net installs anchor rope truss apart from the 20-30m that meets head on, and section structure as shown in Figure 1.The 50m that meets head on of delaying is shaped by design thickness whitewashing, not emerging mesh after whitewashing; Playing slope point when reaching inclined shaft, starting lane side and setting wall supporting supporting, injection Ma Lisan delayed wall supporting supporting 10m scope.
Meet head on to refer to the driving face in underground engineering construction herein.
Important technological parameters is as follows:
A, limit, tunnel driving marginal not penetrate Ma Lisan (soft owing to disclosing crossdrift coal petrography), and between Ma Lisan injection eye, array pitch is 1.5m × 1.5m, and eye is dark is 2.5m.Area stable is helped to reduce eye distance for lane can be made.
Ma Lisan safeguards that there is following advantage in lane side: 1, viscosity is low, can be good at infiltrating in minute fissure.2, there is good bonding force, loose coal petrography can be made to form entirety.3, there is good flexibility after solidifying, mining influence subsequently can be born.4, water reflection can be met and close current.5, can improve coal petrography support force, mechanical resistance is high.
B, anchor pole specifications parameter.Tunnel all adopts the left-handed nothing of metal to indulge muscle high strength high pre-stress anchor pole, specification is φ 20mm × 2000mm(and diameter 20mm, long 2000mm), spacing × array pitch=1000mm × 800mm, every root anchor pole all adopts the anchoring of a MSK28/500 type resin anchoring agent.For reaching wall supporting pressure network effect, adding and joining plastic-steel supporting plate 200mm × 2400mm, two help FLOOR ANCHOR all to use special-shaped pallet; Bolt pretension square is not less than 400Nm, and anchor-holding force of anchor bolt is not less than 130kN.
C, wire lath specification.Grasp the practice of destroy from mine roof, being out of shape, the mode of failure of top board is mainly successively peeled off with top board top layer sprinkler body and country rock, coming off is deformed into master.Therefore protect the effect on top for reaching large area, design adopts the steel mesh reinforcement with certain Rigidity and strength, the steel mesh reinforcement reinforcement welding of φ 6mm, and specification is length × wide=1800mm × 1000mm; Grid 100mm × 100mm, mutually must overlap between wire lath, connect a place and turn round jail between net with net every 200mm.
D, sprayed concrete strength.Design sprayed mortar thickness is respectively 150mm/200mm/150mm, and strength grade is C20.The addition of accelerating admixture is 2% ~ 4% of cement weight.
E, anchor cable specifications parameter.Because this inclined shaft span is large and the length of service is longer, adopt anchor rope truss strengthening supporting, to reduce the tensile stress of inclined shaft tunnel span and reduction country rock, prevent the absciss layer of top board to be caving.Anchor cable selects the high strength of diameter Ф 15.24mm, underrelaxation, 1 × 7 steel to twist anchor cable, and length is 6.3m; Anchor rope truss array pitch 2.0m, cable interval 1.80 ~ 2.00m in truss.Every root anchor cable adopts three MSK28/500 type resin anchoring agents to carry out anchoring.
F, trussed construction anchor cable joist adopt mining U25 type i iron to be pressed into arched girder by predetermined angular, beam length 4.00 ~ 4.40m, and 5 anchor cables installed by every frame.
(3), carry out pick one anchor, installing anchor pole, linked network, multiple spray with meeting head on, anchor rope truss being installed, the complete note Ma Lisan of wall supporting supporting, multiple spray; Maximum unsupported back span of meeting head on before blowing out is no more than 0.8m, and maximum unsupported back span of meeting head on after blowing out is no more than 2.6m, cyclic advance 1.8m; Until inclined shaft supporting completes.Cyclic advance is that excavation often completes a P. drechsleri, the distance that work plane is pushed ahead.
Above-mentioned gob-surrounded pillar inclined shaft support process tool has the following advantages:
1, bolt-mesh-spurting supporting structure is a kind of practical support form, and its effect mainly improves Surrounding Rock Masses of Roadway mechanical property, makes full use of Surrounding Rock Masses of Roadway intrinsic strength and self-bearing ability, and it is a kind of active, positive supporting and protection structure.
2, anchor cable length is greater than rock-bolt length, determine anchor cable coal rock layer position more or its to pass through coal petrography thickness larger.Which dictates that anchor end of anchorage cable is in the slower metastable layer position of motion, distortion, breakdown speed, so anchor cable plays relative suspension function in casing position faster to lower motion, distortion, breakdown speed.In bolt action thickness, coal rock layer is only equivalent to the coal rock layer position manually strengthened that anchor cable passes through, and this back-up coat position, in the motion of tunnel above rock, distortion, destructive process, shows as the coal rock layer position of an integration.
3, the structure, anchorage style, fitting operation, pretensioning effect etc. of anchor cable and anchor pole are basically identical, therefore arch, tunnel adds and beats after anchor cable, under the effect of anchor cable pretightning force, forms symmetrical cone shape distribution of the compressive stress district with anchor pole is the same between two ends; Anchor cable is evenly arranged in tunnel, makes each cone shape pressure distribution district overlapped staggered, thus forms bearing-load arch at top, tunnel.
4, arch, tunnel truss adds dozen anchor cable.Anchor cable pretightning force (radial constraint) can effectively stop the dilatation of each coal rock layer in anchor cable place, absciss layer, slippage and break; Increase the extruding force between coal rock layer and frictional force; Significantly improve the f value in the intensity index of coal rock layer; Make rock stratum be combined into the larger compound beam of a thickness within the scope of anchor cable, therefore it have stronger bending resistance and anti-shear ability.
5, tunnel is crossed crossdrift note Ma Lisan and is effectively safeguarded that back is stablized, and utilize Ma Lisan to meet water reflection and close current, can improve coal petrography support force, mechanical resistance is high.
Use the success of technique four Lao Gou ore deposit in gob-surrounded pillar, dig new inclined shaft.During slope construction, according to the formation geology condition situation of change that tunnel discloses, segmentation, in time arrange five groups of roadway deformation monitoring points, often group arranges four points, is located at stringcourse position that drift section two helps and laneway midline top, base plate position respectively; The 150d that monitoring point setup times is the longest, the shortest 58d, observed by multiple cycle, calculate: the average 0.42mm/d of the tunnel level amount of shifting near, and vertically under the average 0.45mm/d(stringcourse of the amount of shifting near, deflection is greater than deflection on stringcourse).New sub-inclined shaft has used more than a year, and roadway deformation is very little, only occurs local pucking and sprinkler body blistering, cracking phenomena, and supporting effect is desirable.
Economic and social benefits:
This method is that each mine isolated island digging of four old ditches and group company and supporting achieve a set of reliable, effective, economic supporting means.There is good promotional value.My ore deposit that is utilized as of inclined shaft greatly reduces cost of transportation, improves efficiency of producing coal.Recoverable reserves is 1,090,000 tons altogether, will account for 1/5 calculating by current ton coal unit price 401 yuan of costs of transportation.Increase the output value 8741.8 ten thousand yuan.(401 yuan/ton × 1,090,000 tons × 0.2=8741.8 ten thousand yuan)
Field engineering facts have proved, " anchor, net, spray+trussed construction anchor cable+lane side injection Ma Lisan " combined supporting mode can meet the supporting requirement of tunneling inclined shaft in isolated island high-ground stress coal column, is technically feasible.Reinforce with employing metal canopy and compare with secondary bolt-mesh-spurting supporting mode, the advanced person that possesses skills, supporting intensity is large, supporting effect is remarkable, comprehensive support low cost and other advantages.Especially adopt the superperformance of Ma Lisan obviously to reduce in the rear coal column distortion of injection lane side, wall caving, bulk strength raising has played chain pillar self-bearing capacity, and its supporting effect is obviously improved.
Finally it should be noted that; above embodiment is only in order to illustrate technical scheme of the present invention and unrestricted; although be described in detail with reference to the embodiment of the present invention; those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that; technical scheme of the present invention is modified or equivalent replacement; do not depart from the spirit and scope of technical scheme of the present invention, it all should be contained in claims of the present invention.
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| CN108468553A (en) * | 2018-02-11 | 2018-08-31 | 贵州开磷建设集团有限公司 | The construction method for supporting of roadway in a kind of carbonaceous shale |
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