CN105569674A - Tunnel structure for weak and broken high-temperature water-bearing stratum - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a tunnel structure used in weak and broken high-temperature water-bearing formations, which includes a tunnel lining and an inverted arch. The lining and the inverted arch form a closed ring structure, and the feet of the lining are connected with the left and right ends of the inverted arch. Drainage holes are set in the footings, drainage ditches and cable troughs are set at the junction of the lining and the inverted arch, the traffic lanes in the tunnel are placed on the vibration-damping layer, and the lower part of the vibration-damping layer is provided with a bearing plate, and the bearing plate It is jointly supported by longitudinal beams and beams, and the longitudinal beams and beams are supported by pile foundations. The pile foundations vertically penetrate the inverted arch and insert into the ground. The parts where the drainage ditch and the cable trough are located are disengaged, and the longitudinal beams, beams, and pile foundations are all disengaged from the inverted arch; the tunnel structure has the functions of waterproof, heat insulation, and vibration reduction, and has a compact structure, high bearing capacity, and convenient construction , its cost and maintenance cost are relatively low, and it has a wide range of applications.

Description

Used for tunnel structures in weak and broken high-temperature water-bearing formations

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of traffic tunnels, in particular to a tunnel structure used in weak and broken high-temperature water-bearing formations.

Background technique

A tunnel is an underground structure used for passing vehicles, pedestrians, and transporting materials in industries such as railways, highways, urban subways, water conservancy, electric power, and national defense. It is usually built in various rock or soil formations below the surface. Due to the impact of the earth's internal tectonic movements such as volcanoes, magma, groundwater, and earthquakes, the rock mass or soil in the stratum presents different forms. For strata that are strongly affected by the above-mentioned geological tectonic movements, the rock mass or soil therein has poor integrity and low strength, and the rock mass or soil is in a state of weakness, fragmentation, high temperature or high water content. In the stratum with such conditions When constructing a tunnel, the corresponding lining structure must be considered.

When building a tunnel in a weak and broken rock mass, the rock and soil mass within the tunnel excavation contour line must be excavated first, and then the concrete lining or prefabricated concrete components shall be poured in time to form the required underground space. Because the ground is weak and broken, and when the groundwater content is high, the tunnel lining will bear greater pressure of the ground and groundwater. According to the pressure condition of strata and groundwater, single-layer or double-layer lining can be used to maintain the internal clearance of the tunnel and prevent the collapse of rock and soil around the tunnel. The cross-section of the tunnel is usually arched, circular, horseshoe-shaped or rectangular, etc., and an arc-shaped inverted arch is set at the bottom of the tunnel to improve the bearing capacity of the ground, prevent the settlement and deformation of the tunnel during construction and operation, and ensure safe operation of the tunnel.

In addition, when tunnels are built in volcanoes, underground magmatic activity areas, or deep formations, they often face high formation temperatures or high-temperature groundwater. When the formation temperature reaches 30°C, it is a high-temperature formation. High formation temperature will not only affect the safe construction of the tunnel, more importantly, during the long-term operation of the tunnel, the high temperature will deteriorate the operating environment in the tunnel. In addition, the high temperature will also produce uneven temperature-variable stress in the tunnel lining, which will lead to cracking of the lining and reduce the strength and durability of the lining. For tunnels in high-temperature formations, mechanical ventilation is usually used to reduce the air temperature in the tunnel during tunnel construction and operation.

In addition, for tunnels in high-intensity seismic areas, earthquakes often damage or affect the tunnel structure. Usually, increasing the stiffness and strength of the tunnel lining or setting shock-absorbing joints in the tunnel lining is used to improve the seismic performance of the tunnel.

my country has a vast territory, complex and diverse terrain and landforms. With the construction of a large number of underground projects such as railways, highways, subways and national defense, more and more tunnel projects will pass through weak and broken high-temperature water-bearing strata and high-intensity earthquake areas. Conventional The existing tunnel structure has been difficult to adapt to such complex formations, so it is necessary to seek a new type of tunnel structure suitable for weak and broken high-temperature water-bearing formations.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a tunnel structure used in weak and broken high-temperature water-bearing formations. lower features.

To achieve the purpose of the above invention, the present invention provides a tunnel structure used in weak and broken high-temperature water-bearing formations, including shell-shaped tunnel lining and inverted arch built in the space after the rock or soil is excavated in the formation, and the lining and inverted arch. The arch forms a closed ring structure. The left and right footings of the lining are connected with the upturned left and right ends of the inverted arch. Weep holes are set in at least one footing of the lining. Set up a drainage ditch connected to the drain hole and a cable trough between the drainage ditch and the carriageway. The carriageway in the tunnel is placed on the vibration-damping layer below it, and the lower part of the vibration-damping layer is provided with a bearing platform. The bearing platform is jointly supported by longitudinal beams and crossbeams at its lower part, and the longitudinal beams and crossbeams are supported by pile foundations at its lower part. The pile foundation vertically penetrates the inverted arch and is inserted into the ground. The driveway, vibration-damping layer The ends on both sides of the bearing plate are all disengaged from the position of the drainage ditch and the cable trough, and the longitudinal beams, crossbeams and pile foundations are all disengaged from the inverted arch.

The drainage ditch is adjacent to the lining and the cable duct is adjacent to the end of the carriageway in the tunnel.

The disengagement gap between the components can be determined through calculation according to the deformation of the components after being loaded.

The pile foundations are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the tunnel, and the intervals can be determined through calculation according to the load borne by the upper part and the bearing capacity of the lower strata.

As a preferred mode, the tunnel lining includes an inner lining, an interlayer, an outer lining and an anchor rod symmetrical to the left and right of the tunnel center line, the inner lining is arranged at the innermost side of the tunnel, and the interlayer is arranged between the inner lining and the outer lining. Between the linings, the outer lining is set on the outermost side of the tunnel and is in direct contact with the rock or soil in the surrounding stratum. The anchor rods are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the outer lining and the direction of the tunnel axis, and they penetrate the outer lining vertically and are inserted. into the surrounding strata.

The thickness of the inner lining and outer lining can be determined by calculation according to the formation and groundwater pressure it bears.

As a preferred mode, one end of the drain hole is connected to the interlayer, and the other end is connected to the drainage ditch, and the elevation of the former is higher than that of the latter.

As a preferred manner, the inverted arch is left-right symmetrical about the center line of the tunnel, and it is an integral structure with the lining, or is separated from the lining to become an independent component.

As a preferred manner, the drain holes are arranged symmetrically on both sides of the lining along the left and right sides of the center line of the tunnel, or asymmetrically arranged on one side.

As a preferred manner, the drainage ditches and cable grooves are arranged symmetrically on the left and right sides of the tunnel centerline, or on one side in the tunnel.

As a preferred manner, the inner layer lining, inverted arches, drainage ditches, cable troughs, and driveways are formed by reinforced concrete cast-in-place or prefabricated. The carriageway may consist of asphalt concrete.

As a preferred manner, the cap platform, longitudinal girders, beams and pile foundations are formed by cast-in-place reinforced concrete.

As a preferred mode, the interlayer is made of corrosion-resistant and high-temperature-resistant materials, the outer lining is made of shotcrete, shotcrete, steel arch or steel grid, and the anchor is made of steel or glass fiber .

As a preferred manner, the drain holes are made of concrete or polymer corrosion-resistant materials, and the damping layer is made of foamed concrete or rubber plates.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: using the plate girder pile structure separated from the tunnel lining and inverted arch to support the roadway in the tunnel, preventing the static, dynamic load or other loads of vehicles on the roadway from being transmitted to the tunnel lining and inverted arch , which reduces the vibration caused by the tunnel lining and inverts when vehicles pass in the tunnel, thus reducing the fatigue damage of the tunnel lining and inverts and helping to prolong their service life.

In addition, using the independent support structure of plate beam piles makes the roadway in the tunnel separate from the lining and invert of the tunnel. The obvious advantages of the invention are: the relative movement between the strata, the roadway and the tunnel lining is conducive to releasing the energy generated by the earthquake on the stratum, the tunnel lining and the roadway, relieving the force between the three, and helping to reduce the impact of the earthquake on the tunnel. Damage and destruction of lining and roadway, to ensure the safety of vehicles and pedestrians in the tunnel.

For weak and broken high-temperature water-bearing formations, if the conventional method of placing the tunnel roadway directly on the invert is adopted, the invert will easily cause the subsidence due to insufficient bearing capacity of the rock mass or soil in the strata below the invert , resulting in deformation, cracking or damage to the carriageway. In addition, when the groundwater content in the formation is too high, if the conventional method of placing the tunnel roadway directly on the inverted arch is adopted, the dynamic load generated by the vehicle running on the roadway will easily cause the liquefaction of the formation, and it is more likely to cause traffic in the tunnel The sinking or cracking of the road will affect the driving environment and safety in the tunnel. The present invention adopts the pile foundation to independently support the roadway in the tunnel, just because the pile foundation has strong adaptability to the weak and broken high-temperature water-bearing formation, and can go deep into the formation, and can exert the characteristics of high bearing capacity of the pile foundation, so it can Effectively reduce the subsidence and deformation of the roadway, prolong the service life of the roadway, thereby reducing the repair and maintenance costs of the tunnel during long-term operation.

In addition, in order to reduce the risk of long-term operation of the tunnel in weak and broken high-temperature water-bearing formations and ensure the durability of the tunnel, the present invention uses an interlayer to separate the inner lining of the tunnel from the outer lining. The interlayer is made of corrosion-resistant and high-temperature-resistant materials. On the one hand, it can play the role of heat insulation, on the other hand, it can also prevent the infiltration of groundwater. Therefore, the setting of the interlayer not only reduces the corrosion of the inner lining by groundwater, but also reduces the variable temperature stress of the inner lining of the tunnel caused by the high temperature of the surrounding stratum, thereby weakening the influence of groundwater and high temperature in the formation on the strength and strength of the inner lining of the tunnel. The impact of stiffness is beneficial to prolong the service life of the inner lining. Excessive groundwater on the outside of the interlayer can be drained into the drainage ditch through the drain holes provided at the foot of the lining, and then discharged out of the tunnel along the axis of the tunnel through the drainage ditch. In this way, the groundwater accumulated outside the interlayer can be reduced, the water pressure acting on the inner lining of the tunnel can be further reduced, and the strength and safety of the lining of the tunnel can be improved.

Therefore, the tunnel structure used in the weak and broken high-temperature water-bearing formation of the present invention has the functions of waterproof, heat insulation and vibration reduction, and has a compact structure, high load-bearing performance, convenient construction, and its cost and maintenance cost are relatively low. Wide range of use.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the front view structure of the tunnel structure used in the weak and broken high-temperature water-bearing formation according to the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a top view of the roadway in the tunnel structure of the present invention used in weak and broken high-temperature water-bearing formations.

Explanation of reference signs: 1 is the tunnel lining, 101 is the inner layer lining, 102 is the interlayer, 103 is the outer layer lining, 104 is the anchor rod, 2 is the inverted arch, 3 is the drain hole, 4 is the drainage ditch, 5 is the cable Groove, 6 is the carriageway, 7 is the shock-absorbing layer, 8 is the bearing plate, 9 is the longitudinal beam, 10 is the beam, and 11 is the pile foundation.

detailed description

Embodiments of the present invention are described below through specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific implementation modes, and various modifications or changes can be made to the details in this specification based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

A tunnel structure used in weak and broken high-temperature water-bearing formations, including a shell-shaped tunnel lining 1 and an inverted arch 2 built in the space after the rock or soil is excavated in the formation, and the lining 1 and the inverted arch 2 form a closed ring The tunnel structure can be symmetrical on the left and right sides of the center line, or asymmetrical. As a preference, this embodiment adopts a tunnel structure that is symmetrical on the left and right sides. The footings on the left and right sides of the lining 1 are connected with the upturned left and right ends of the inverted arch 2, and drain holes 3 are arranged in the feet of the lining 1, and the water drain holes 3 are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides along the tunnel centerline In the footings on both sides of the lining 1, or asymmetrically arranged on one side, the specific spacing and hole diameter can be determined according to the calculation of the groundwater flow. As a preference, the drain hole 3 in this embodiment is along the left and right sides of the tunnel centerline The two sides are arranged symmetrically in the two side footings of the lining 1 . At the junction of the lining 1 and the inverted arch 2, a drainage ditch 4 connected to the drain hole 3 and a cable trough 5 located between the drainage ditch 4 and the carriageway 6 are provided. The drainage ditch 4 is adjacent to the lining 1 and the cable trough 5 is adjacent. The end of the carriageway 6 in the tunnel. One end of the drain hole 3 is connected with the interlayer 102, and the other end is connected with the drainage ditch 4, and the elevation of the former is higher than that of the latter, so that the groundwater can flow smoothly to the drainage ditch 4, and along the drainage ditch 4 to the outside the tunnel. The roadway 6 in the tunnel is placed on the lower part of the vibration-damping layer 7, and the lower part of the vibration-damping layer 7 is provided with a bearing platform 8, and holes for the pile foundation 11 are reserved on the inverted arch 2, and the holes are reserved The diameter of the pile foundation should be greater than the diameter of the pile foundation 11 to facilitate the construction of the pile foundation 11. The specific diameter can be determined according to the diameter of the pile foundation; according to the hole position of the pile foundation 11 reserved on the inverted arch 2, the pile foundation 11 is set. The length inserted into the ground, the diameter of the pile foundation and the longitudinal spacing along the axis of the tunnel can be determined by calculation according to the geological conditions of the ground, the vehicle load in the tunnel and other loads. On the exposed top of the pile foundation 11, the longitudinal beams 9 and the beams 10 between the longitudinal beams are constructed. The longitudinal beams 9 are arranged along the axis of the tunnel, and the cross beams 10 are perpendicular to the longitudinal beams 9 . The length, number, cross-sectional shape, and longitudinal spacing of the longitudinal beams 9 along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel and the cross-sectional shape and number of the cross-beams 10 can be determined by calculation according to the vehicle load in the tunnel. As a preference, the longitudinal beam 9 in this embodiment adopts a rectangular cross section, and the number of them is two, and the cross beam 10 adopts a rectangular cross section. A deck 8 is built on top of the longitudinal beams 9 and cross beams 10 , and a damping layer 7 is placed on the top of the deck 8 . The driveway 6 is built on the upper part of the vibration-damping layer 7, and the bearing platform 8 is jointly supported by the longitudinal beam 9 and the crossbeam 10 at the lower part thereof, and the longitudinal beam 9 and the crossbeam 10 are supported by the pile foundation 11 at the lower part, and the pile foundation 11 is vertical Penetrate the inverted arch 2 vertically and insert it into the stratum. The ends on both sides of the driveway 6, the damping layer 7 and the cap plate 8 are all disengaged from the positions of the drainage ditch 4 and the cable trough 5, and the disengaged gap It can be determined by calculation according to the load of vehicles passing through the tunnel or other loads and the deformation caused by them. Described longitudinal beam 9, crossbeam 10, pile foundation 11 all disengage from inverted arch 2. The disengaged gaps between the components can be determined through calculation according to the deformation of the components after being loaded.

The pile foundations 11 are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the tunnel, and the intervals can be determined through calculation according to the load borne by the upper part and the bearing capacity of the lower stratum.

The tunnel lining 1 includes an inner lining 101 , an interlayer 102 , an outer lining 103 and anchor rods 104 symmetrical to the left and right of the tunnel centerline, and the inner lining 101 is the main lining structure of the tunnel. The inner lining 101 is arranged at the innermost side of the tunnel, and the interlayer 102 is arranged between the inner lining 101 and the outer lining 103 for waterproofing and heat insulation. The outer lining 103 is arranged on the outermost side of the tunnel and is in direct contact with the rock or soil in the surrounding formation. The anchor rods 104 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the outer lining 103 and the direction of the tunnel axis, and they vertically penetrate the outer lining 103 and are inserted into the tunnel. into the surrounding strata.

The anchor rod 104 is used to reinforce the formation, and the length, circumference, and spacing along the axis of the tunnel can be determined according to the geological conditions of the formation. The anchor rods 104 can be arranged symmetrically on the left and right sides of the center line of the tunnel, or can be arranged asymmetrically. The details can be determined according to the geological conditions of the stratum. As a preference, this embodiment adopts a symmetrical arrangement on the left and right sides.

The thickness of the inner lining 101 and the outer lining 103 can be determined through calculation according to the formation and groundwater pressure they bear.

The inverted arch 2 is left-right symmetrical about the center line of the tunnel, and it is an integral structure with the lining 1, or is separated from the lining 1 to become an independent component.

The drainage ditches 4 and the cable grooves 5 are arranged symmetrically on the left and right sides of the tunnel centerline, or on one side in the tunnel.

The inner lining 101, the inverted arch 2, the drainage ditch 4, the cable duct 5, and the driveway 6 are formed by cast-in-place or prefabricated reinforced concrete. The carriageway 6 may be made of asphalt concrete.

The platform cap 8, the longitudinal beam 9, the beam 10 and the pile foundation 11 are formed by pouring reinforced concrete on site.

The interlayer 102 is made of corrosion-resistant and high-temperature-resistant materials, the outer lining 103 is made of shotcrete, shotcrete, steel arch or steel grid, and the anchor rod 104 is made of steel or glass fiber.

The drain holes 3 can be made of concrete or polymer corrosion-resistant circular pipes, such as PVC pipes; the damping layer 7 is made of foamed concrete or rubber plates. foam concrete.

During actual implementation, the cross-sectional shape of the tunnel lining 1 of the present invention can be transformed into circular, elliptical, horseshoe, "gate"-shaped, rectangular, polygonal, etc., and the tunnel lining 1 can be composed of a single-span tunnel Change to the structural form of a double-span double-hole tunnel or a multi-span multi-hole tunnel. Correspondingly, the pile foundation 11 can be in the form of single-row piles, double-row piles, etc., and its cross-section can be in the form of circular, rectangular, etc. Obviously, this type of tunnel structure used in weak and broken high-temperature water-bearing strata also belongs to The protection scope of the present invention.

The invention adopts the plate beam pile structure separated from the tunnel lining and the inverted arch to support the traffic lane in the tunnel, so that the static and dynamic loads or other loads of the vehicles on the traffic lane are not transmitted to the tunnel lining and the inverted arch, and the tunnel lining and the inverted arch are reduced. The vibration caused by vehicles passing through the tunnel and the inverted arch in the tunnel can reduce the fatigue damage of the tunnel lining and the inverted arch, which is beneficial to prolonging its service life.

In addition, using the independent support structure of plate beam piles makes the roadway in the tunnel separate from the lining and invert of the tunnel. The obvious advantages of the invention are: the relative movement between the strata, the roadway and the tunnel lining is conducive to releasing the energy generated by the earthquake on the stratum, the tunnel lining and the roadway, relieving the force between the three, and helping to reduce the impact of the earthquake on the tunnel. Damage and destruction of lining and roadway, to ensure the safety of vehicles and pedestrians in the tunnel.

For weak and broken high-temperature water-bearing formations, if the conventional method of placing the tunnel roadway directly on the invert is adopted, the invert will easily cause the subsidence due to insufficient bearing capacity of the rock mass or soil in the strata below the invert , resulting in deformation, cracking or damage to the carriageway. In addition, when the groundwater content in the formation is too high, if the conventional method of placing the tunnel roadway directly on the inverted arch is adopted, the dynamic load generated by the vehicle running on the roadway will easily cause the liquefaction of the formation, and it is more likely to cause traffic in the tunnel The sinking or cracking of the road will affect the driving environment and safety in the tunnel. The present invention adopts the pile foundation to independently support the roadway in the tunnel, just because the pile foundation has strong adaptability to the weak and broken high-temperature water-bearing formation, and can go deep into the formation, and can exert the characteristics of high bearing capacity of the pile foundation, so it can Effectively reduce the subsidence and deformation of the roadway, prolong the service life of the roadway, thereby reducing the repair and maintenance costs of the tunnel during long-term operation.

In addition, in order to reduce the risk of long-term operation of the tunnel in weak and broken high-temperature water-bearing formations and ensure the durability of the tunnel, the present invention uses an interlayer to separate the inner lining of the tunnel from the outer lining. The interlayer is made of corrosion-resistant and high-temperature-resistant materials. On the one hand, it can play the role of heat insulation, on the other hand, it can also prevent the infiltration of groundwater. Therefore, the setting of the interlayer not only reduces the corrosion of the inner lining by groundwater, but also reduces the variable temperature stress in the inner lining of the tunnel caused by the influence of high-temperature strata, thereby weakening the influence of groundwater and high ground temperature on the strength of the inner lining of the tunnel. And the impact of stiffness is beneficial to prolong the service life of the inner lining. Excessive groundwater on the outside of the interlayer can be drained into the drainage ditch through the drain holes provided at the foot of the lining, and then discharged out of the tunnel along the axis of the tunnel through the drainage ditch. In this way, the groundwater accumulated outside the interlayer can be reduced, the water pressure acting on the inner lining can be further reduced, and the strength and safety of the inner lining of the tunnel can be improved.

The above-mentioned embodiments only illustrate the principles and effects of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes made by persons with ordinary knowledge in the technical field without departing from the spirit and technical ideas disclosed in the present invention should still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A tunnel structure for weak and broken high-temperature water-bearing formations, comprising a shell-shaped tunnel lining (1) and an inverted arch (2) built in the space after the rock or soil is excavated in the formation, characterized in that: The lining (1) and the inverted arch (2) form a closed ring structure, the left and right side feet of the lining (1) are connected with the upturned left and right ends of the inverted arch (2), and at least A drain hole (3) is provided in one side foot, and a drainage ditch (4) connected with the drain hole (3) is provided at the junction of the lining (1) and the inverted arch (2), and a drainage ditch (4) located in the drainage ditch (4 ) and the cable trough (5) between the roadway (6), the roadway (6) in the tunnel is placed on the vibration-damping layer (7) below it, and the lower part of the vibration-damping layer (7) is provided with a platform (8), the bearing platform (8) is jointly supported by its lower longitudinal beam (9) and crossbeam (10), and the longitudinal beam (9) and crossbeam (10) are supported by its lower pile foundation (11). The pile foundation (11) vertically and vertically penetrates the inverted arch (2) and is inserted into the ground. (4) disengages with the position of cable trough (5), and described longitudinal beam (9), crossbeam (10), pile foundation (11) all disengages with inverted arch (2). 2. The tunnel structure used in weak and broken high-temperature water-bearing strata as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: said tunnel lining (1) comprises an inner layer lining (101) symmetrical to the center line of the tunnel, an interlayer ( 102), the outer lining (103) and the anchor rod (104), the inner lining (101) is arranged on the innermost side of the tunnel, and the interlayer (102) is arranged between the inner lining (101) and the outer lining (103) In between, the outer lining (103) is arranged on the outermost side of the tunnel and is in direct contact with the rock or soil in the surrounding strata, and the anchor rods (104) are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the outer lining (103) and the direction of the tunnel axis and are perpendicular to The outer lining (103) is penetrated and inserted into the surrounding formation. 3. The tunnel structure used in weak and broken high-temperature water-bearing formations as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: one end of the weep hole (3) is connected to the interlayer (102), and the other end is connected to the drainage ditch (4) pass, and the elevation of the former is higher than that of the latter. 4. The tunnel structure used in weak and broken high-temperature water-bearing formations as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the inverted arch (2) is symmetrical to the center line of the tunnel, and it is an integral structure with the lining (1), or It is separated from the lining (1) and becomes an independent component. 5. The tunnel structure used in weak and broken high-temperature water-bearing formations according to claim 1, characterized in that: the drain holes (3) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the lining (1) along the left and right sides of the tunnel centerline In-foot, or asymmetrical one-sided setup. 6. The tunnel structure used in weak and broken high-temperature water-bearing formations as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the drainage ditch (4) and the cable groove (5) are arranged symmetrically on the left and right sides of the tunnel centerline, or One-sided setup in the tunnel. 7. The tunnel structure used in weak and broken high-temperature water-bearing formations as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: the inner layer lining (101), inverted arch (2), drainage ditch (4), cable trough (5 ), the driveway (6) is made of reinforced concrete poured on site or prefabricated, and the driveway (6) is made of asphalt concrete. 8. The tunnel structure used in weak and broken high-temperature water-bearing formations as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: said platform deck (8), longitudinal beams (9), beams (10) and pile foundations (11 ) consists of cast-in-place reinforced concrete. 9. The tunnel structure used in weak and broken high-temperature water-bearing formations according to claim 2, characterized in that: the interlayer (102) is made of corrosion-resistant and high-temperature-resistant materials, and the outer lining (103) is made of jet The anchor rod (104) is made of steel or glass fiber material. 10. The tunnel structure used in weak and broken high-temperature water-bearing formations as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: said weep holes (3) are made of concrete or polymer corrosion-resistant materials, and the vibration-damping Layer (7) is made of foam concrete or rubber sheet.