CN105568271B - The low bulk wear resistant composite plating on aluminum matrix composite surface and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

The low bulk wear resistant composite plating on aluminum matrix composite surface and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN105568271B
CN105568271B CN201511001135.0A CN201511001135A CN105568271B CN 105568271 B CN105568271 B CN 105568271B CN 201511001135 A CN201511001135 A CN 201511001135A CN 105568271 B CN105568271 B CN 105568271B
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plating
composite
aluminum matrix
nickel
sulfate
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CN105568271A (en
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赵月红
聂俊辉
刘彦强
郝心想
樊建中
马自力
魏少华
左涛
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Youyan metal composite technology Co.,Ltd.
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Beijing General Research Institute for Non Ferrous Metals
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
    • C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
    • C23C18/48—Coating with alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
    • C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
    • C23C18/48—Coating with alloys
    • C23C18/50—Coating with alloys with alloys based on iron, cobalt or nickel

Abstract

The invention discloses low bulk wear resistant composite plating on a kind of aluminum matrix composite surface for belonging to field of metal surface treatment technology and preparation method thereof.The thickness of the composite deposite is 10 20 μm, and constituent is：The 75wt.% of nickel 20, the 70wt.% of cobalt 20, the 5wt.% of phosphorus 0.5, the 8wt.% of abrasion resistant particles 1, the 8wt.% of rare earth metal 0.Aluminum matrix composite is subjected to plating in the mixed plating liquid of chemical plating fluid and abrasion resistant particles slurry prepared, obtains described composite deposite.Described composite deposite tool has good wearability, corrosion resistance and low expansion, it ensure that aluminum matrix composite blade has good adhesion during compressor operating with composite deposite, composite deposite crack, bulge, the phenomenon to come off do not occur, and then the durability of aluminum matrix composite blade is enhanced, extend the service life of aluminium alloy rotary blade type compressor used for automobile air conditioning.

Description

The low bulk wear resistant composite plating on aluminum matrix composite surface and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of metal surface treatment technology, and in particular to a kind of low bulk on aluminum matrix composite surface is resistance to Grind composite deposite and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Rotary blade type compressor is mainly made up of cylinder, rotary piston, blade and main shaft.In the rotary blade type compressor course of work In, blade is ceaselessly rubbed with rotor slots surface and housing surface, it requires rotor and blade material will have compared with Good wearability；The operating temperature of compressor is generally kept in 100-200 DEG C simultaneously, it requires that rotor and blade material have very Good dimensional stability, i.e. low-expansion coefficient；In addition, compressor is in the course of the work, water is easy to be brought into system, Combined, formed to the mordant mediating factors of metal with refrigerant, thus also require rotor and blade material have it is resistance to well Corrosivity.
Aluminum matrix composite strengthens particle by reasonable selection, obtains high intensity, the performance of low bulk, while meet low-carbon The environmental requirement of lightweight, so aluminum matrix composite blade is used widely.But the wearability of aluminum matrix composite in itself It is inadequate with corrosion resistance, it is therefore desirable to aluminum matrix composite blade or rotor to be surface-treated, to improve the wear-resisting of material Property and corrosion resistance.Because aluminum matrix composite has good low expansion in itself, in order to during ensureing compressor operating, leaf The good combination of sheet material and scuff-resistant coating, it is therefore desirable to which Plating System also has low expansion in itself.
The coating of existing aluminium base blade uses high rigidity (HV more0.11500) nickel coating realizes wear-resisting, but nickel coating sheet The coefficient of expansion (the general 1.5X10 of body-6/ K) and aluminum matrix composite (1.1X10-6/ K) expanded coefficient be not inconsistent, so nickel plate Layer is easy to foaming phenomena occur；The internal stress and high rigidity that nickel coating can not discharge completely in itself simultaneously, make nickel coating in aluminium Based composites are easily broken during working, and the abrasive particle of formation usually scratch rotor, cause the compressor life-span unstable.
The content of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of aluminum matrix composite surface low bulk wear resistant composite plating And preparation method thereof.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows：
A kind of low bulk wear resistant composite plating on aluminum matrix composite surface, the thickness of the composite deposite is 10-20 μm； Composition and mass percent are：Nickel 20-75wt.%, cobalt 20-70wt.%, phosphorus 0.5-5wt.%, abrasion resistant particles 1-8wt% are dilute Earth metal 0-8wt%.
Described abrasion resistant particles are silicon nitride particle, silicon carbide powder, diamond particles or boron carbide particles.
The rare earth metal is cerium or lanthanum.
Described abrasion resistant particles Dispersed precipitate accounts for the 5-30% of composite deposite area in continuous composite deposite matrix.
The particle size range of described abrasion resistant particles is 0.2-5 μm.
A kind of preparation method of the low bulk wear resistant composite plating on described aluminum matrix composite surface, it is characterised in that Comprise the following steps：
(1) chemical plating fluid is prepared：According to nickel salt 10-50g/L, cobalt salt 10-50g/L, rare earth metal salt 0-5g/L, hypophosphorous acid Salt 20-50g/L, complexing agent 30-100g/L, buffer 30-100g/L, stabilizer 0-0.005g/L proportioning have weighed each group Point, chemical plating fluid is configured to, and it is 8-10 to adjust its pH；
Described complexing agent is the one or more in sodium citrate, sodium tartrate and sodium potassium tartrate tetrahydrate；
Described buffer is the one or more in ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, ammoniacal liquor；
Described stabilizer is the one or more in thiocarbamide, lauryl sodium sulfate, saccharin；
(2) abrasion resistant particles slurry is prepared：10-100g abrasion resistant particles are weighed, after being dissolved with 100mL water, 25- is stirred by ultrasonic 35min；
(3) plating：By aluminum matrix composite sample after oil removing, pickling roughening, the leaching zinc processing of two steps, temperature is immersed in To start to react in 75-95 DEG C of chemical plating fluid, after reaction starts 30-60s, abrasion resistant particles slurry 30-100ml/L, shape are added Into plating liquid；Every 10-15min, the pH value of plating liquid is adjusted to 8-10, plating 60-90min, is obtained in uniform thickness low swollen Swollen wear resistant composite plating.
Described nickel salt is the one or more of nickel sulfate, nickel chloride and nickelous carbonate.
Described cobalt salt is the one or more of cobaltous sulfate, cobalt chloride and cobalt carbonate.
Described rare earth metal salt is the one or more of cerous sulfate, cerium chloride, lanthanum sulfate and lanthanum chloride.
Described hypophosphites is sodium hypophosphite.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：Composite deposite prepared by present invention tool has good wearability, corrosion resistance and low swollen Swollen property, it ensure that aluminum matrix composite blade has good adhesion during compressor operating with composite deposite, do not occur Composite deposite crack, bulge, the phenomenon to come off, and then the durability of aluminum matrix composite blade is enhanced, extend automobile sky Call the service life of aluminium alloy rotary blade type compressor.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of aluminum matrix composite surface low bulk wear resistant composite plating schematic diagram prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1； Wherein, abrasion resistant particles Dispersed precipitate in composite deposite, the 5% of composite deposite area is accounted for.
Fig. 2 is a kind of aluminum matrix composite surface low bulk wear resistant composite plating schematic diagram prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 2； Wherein, abrasion resistant particles Dispersed precipitate in composite deposite, the 30% of composite deposite area is accounted for.
Embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention will be further described, but it is not intended that to the scope of the present invention Limitation.Some nonessential improvement that any one skilled in the art is done according to the invention described above content to the present invention And adjustment, it should all be included within the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
1. prepare chemical plating fluid：According to nickel chloride 10g/L, cobalt chloride 10g/L, sodium hypophosphite 20g/L, sodium potassium tartrate tetrahydrate 10g/L, sodium citrate 20g/L, ammonium chloride 30g/L, cerous sulfate 1g/L, saccharin 0.01g/L proportioning prepare chemical plating fluid, adjustment Its pH value is 10.
2. prepare abrasion resistant particles slurry：The silicon nitride 10g that granularity is 0.2 μm is taken, adds 100mL water, ultrasonic agitation 30min。
3. plating：Using the aluminium silicon composite material that silicone content is 10% as sample, first by aluminium silicon composite material sample by removing After the processing such as oil, pickling roughening, two steps leaching zinc, it is immersed in the chemical plating fluid that temperature is 95 DEG C and reacts, reaction starts 30s Afterwards, abrasion resistant particles slurry 30ml/L is added, forms plating liquid；Every 15min, the pH value of plating liquid is adjusted to 8-9, plating 1h, Obtain the composite deposite that thickness is 10 μm.The sem energy spectrum analysis coating constituent：Nickel 75wt.%, cobalt 20wt.%, cerium 0.5wt.%, phosphorus 2.3wt.%, silicon 2wt.%, nitrogen 0.2wt.%；Microscopic appearance shows, silicon nitride particle in composite deposite more Distribution is dissipated, accounts for composite deposite area 5%, as shown in Figure 1.
4. coating performance is tested：The microhardness of the composite deposite is HV0.01800, coefficient of friction 0.13 is multiple with this The aluminium silicon composite material of conjunction coating is 1.2 × 10 in 0-200 DEG C of the coefficient of expansion-5/ K, it is immersed in 150 DEG C of boiling deep fat 100h, bulge phenomenon does not occur.
Embodiment 2
1. prepare chemical plating fluid：According to nickel sulfate 50g/L, cobaltous sulfate 50g/L, sodium hypophosphite 50g/L, sodium citrate 70g/ L, sodium potassium tartrate tetrahydrate 30g/L, ammonium sulfate 100g/L, cerous sulfate 10g/L, thiocarbamide 0.05g/L proportioning prepare chemical plating fluid, adjustment Its pH value is 10.
2. prepare abrasion resistant particles slurry：The silicon nitride 20g of 5 μm of granularity is taken, adds 100mL water, 30min is stirred by ultrasonic.
3. plating：Using the aluminium silicon composite material that silicone content is 50% as sample, first by aluminium silicon composite material sample by removing After the processing such as oil, pickling roughening, two steps leaching zinc, sample is immersed in the chemical plating fluid that temperature is 75 DEG C and reacted, reaction starts After 60s, abrasion resistant particles slurry 50ml/L is added, forms plating liquid；Every 10min, the pH value of adjustment plating liquid is 8-9, plating 1h, obtain the composite deposite that thickness is 20 μm.The component of the sem energy spectrum analysis composite deposite is：Nickel 20wt.%, cobalt 70wt.%, cerium 8wt.%, phosphorus 1wt.%, silicon 1wt.%；Microscopic appearance shows that silicon nitride particle disperse in composite deposite divides Cloth, the 30% of composite deposite area is accounted for, as shown in Figure 2.
4. coating performance is tested：The microhardness of the composite deposite is HV0.011500, coefficient of friction 0.1 is multiple with this The aluminium silicon composite material of conjunction coating is 1.0 × 10 in 0-200 DEG C of the coefficient of expansion-5/ K, it is immersed in 150 DEG C of boiling deep fat 100h, bulge phenomenon does not occur.
Embodiment 3
1. prepare chemical plating fluid：According to nickel sulfate 25g/L, cobaltous sulfate 25g/L, sodium hypophosphite 30g/L, sodium citrate 60g/ L, ammonium sulfate 50g/L proportioning are prepared into chemical plating fluid, adjust its pH value as 10.
2. prepare abrasion resistant particles slurry：The silicon nitride 100g of 0.8 μm of granularity is taken, adds 100mL water, 30min is stirred by ultrasonic.
3. plating：Using the aluminium silicon composite material that silicone content is 20% as sample, first by aluminium silicon composite material sample by removing After the processing such as oil, pickling roughening, two steps leaching zinc, it is immersed in the chemical plating fluid that temperature is 90 DEG C and reacts, reaction starts 30s Afterwards, abrasion resistant particles slurry 100ml/L is added, forms plating liquid, every 15min, adjusts the pH value of plating liquid to 9-10, plating 1h, obtain the composite deposite that thickness is 10 μm.The component of the sem energy spectrum analysis composite deposite is：Nickel 63wt.%, cobalt 32wt.%, phosphorus 2wt.%, silicon 3wt.%；Microscopic appearance is shown, silicon nitride particle Dispersed precipitate in composite deposite, is accounted for compound The 20% of plate areas.
4. coating performance is tested：The microhardness of the composite deposite is HV0.01800, coefficient of friction 0.10 is compound with this The aluminium silicon composite material of coating is 1.0 × 10 in 0-200 DEG C of the coefficient of expansion-5/ K, it is immersed in 150 DEG C of boiling deep fat 100h, bulge phenomenon does not occur.
Embodiment 4
1. prepare chemical plating fluid：According to nickel sulfate 25g/L, nickel chloride 5/L, cobaltous sulfate 15g/L, sodium hypophosphite 30g/L, lemon Lemon acid sodium 60g/L, ammonium sulfate 50g/L, lanthanum sulfate 5g/L proportioning are prepared into chemical plating fluid, adjust its pH value as 10.
2. prepare abrasion resistant particles slurry：The silicon nitride 100g of 2 μm of granularity is taken, adds 100mL water, 30min is stirred by ultrasonic.
3. plating：Using the aluminium silicon composite material that silicone content is 15% as sample, first by aluminium silicon composite material sample by removing After the processing such as oil, pickling roughening, two steps leaching zinc, it is immersed in the chemical plating fluid that temperature is 85 DEG C and reacts, reaction starts 30s Afterwards, abrasion resistant particles slurry 100ml/L is added, forms plating liquid；Every 15min, the pH value of plating liquid is adjusted to 9-10, plating 1h, obtain the composite deposite that thickness is 10 μm.The component of the sem energy spectrum analysis composite deposite is：Nickel 45wt.%, cobalt 45wt.%, lanthanum 2wt.%, phosphorus 3wt.%, silicon 4.5wt.%, nitrogen 0.2wt.%；Microscopic appearance shows that silicon nitride particle is compound Dispersed precipitate in coating, account for plate areas 30%.
4. coating performance is tested：The microhardness of the composite deposite is HV0.011000, coefficient of friction 0.12 is multiple with this The aluminium silicon composite material of conjunction coating is 1.1 × 10 in 0-200 DEG C of the coefficient of expansion-5/ K, it is immersed in 150 DEG C of boiling deep fat 100h, bulge phenomenon does not occur.
Embodiment 5
1. prepare chemical plating fluid：According to nickel chloride 10g/L, cobalt chloride 10g/L, sodium hypophosphite 20g/L, sodium potassium tartrate tetrahydrate 10g/L, sodium citrate 20g/L, ammonium chloride 30g/L, cerous sulfate 1g/L, saccharin 0.01g/L proportioning are prepared into chemical plating fluid, adjust Its whole pH value is 10.
2. prepare abrasion resistant particles slurry：The silicon nitride 10g of 0.2 μm of granularity is taken, adds 100mL water, 30min is stirred by ultrasonic.
3. plating：It is first that sample is thick by oil removing, pickling using the aluminum matrix composite that carborundum content is 20% as sample After the processing such as zinc is soaked in change, two steps, it is immersed in the chemical plating fluid that temperature is 95 DEG C and reacts, after reaction beginning 30s, addition Grain slurry 30ml/L, forms plating liquid；Every 15min, the pH value of plating liquid is adjusted to 8-9, plating 1h, obtains thickness as 10 μm Composite deposite.The component of the sem energy spectrum analysis composite deposite is：Nickel 75wt.%, cobalt 20wt.%, cerium 0.5wt.%, Phosphorus 2.3wt.%, silicon 2wt.%, nitrogen 0.2wt.%；Microscopic appearance is shown, silicon-carbide particle Dispersed precipitate in coating, is accounted for compound The 10% of area.
4. coating performance is tested：The microhardness of the composite deposite is HV0.01800, coefficient of friction 0.13 is compound with this The aluminum matrix composite of coating is 1.2 × 10 in 0-200 DEG C of the coefficient of expansion-5/ K, it is immersed in 150 DEG C of boiling deep fat 100h, bulge phenomenon does not occur.
Embodiment 6
1. prepare chemical plating fluid：According to nickel sulfate 50g/L, cobaltous sulfate 50g/L, sodium hypophosphite 50g/L, sodium citrate 70g/ L, sodium potassium tartrate tetrahydrate 30g/L, ammonium sulfate 100g/L, cerium chloride 5g/L, thiocarbamide 0.05g/L proportioning are prepared into chemical plating fluid, adjust Its whole pH value is 10.
2. prepare abrasion resistant particles slurry：The diamond 20g that granularity is 5 μm is taken, adds 100m L water, 30min is stirred by ultrasonic.
3. plating：Using the aluminum matrix composite that boron carbide is 30% as sample, be first roughened sample by oil removing, pickling, After the processing such as two steps leaching zinc, it is immersed in the chemical plating fluid that temperature is 75 DEG C and reacts, after reaction starts 60s, adds wear-resisting Particle slurry 50ml/L, form plating liquid；Every 10min, the pH value of plating liquid is adjusted to 8-9, plating 1h, obtains thickness as 20 μm composite deposite.The component of the sem energy spectrum analysis composite deposite is：Nickel 24wt.%, cobalt 70wt.%, cerium 1wt.%, Phosphorus 5wt.%；Microscopic appearance is shown, diamond particles Dispersed precipitate in composite deposite, accounts for the 30% of composite deposite area.
4. coating performance is tested：The microhardness of the composite deposite is HV0.011500, coefficient of friction 0.1 is compound with this The aluminum matrix composite of coating is 1.0 × 10 in 0-200 DEG C of the coefficient of expansion-5/ K, it is immersed in 150 DEG C of boiling deep fat 100h, bulge phenomenon does not occur.
Embodiment 7
1. prepare chemical plating fluid：According to nickel sulfate 25g/L, cobaltous sulfate 25g/L, sodium hypophosphite 30g/L, sodium citrate 60g/ L, sodium tartrate 10g/L, ammonium sulfate 50g/L proportioning are prepared into chemical plating fluid, adjust its pH value as 10.
2. prepare abrasion resistant particles slurry：The silicon nitride particle 100g of 0.8 μm of granularity is taken, adds 100mL water, ultrasonic agitation 30min。
3. plating：The aluminium base condensation material for being 10% using diamond content is first thick by oil removing, pickling by sample as sample After the processing such as change, two steps leaching zinc, it is immersed in the chemical plating fluid that temperature is 90 DEG C, after reaction beginning 30s, adds wear-resisting Grain slurry 100ml/L, forms plating liquid；Every 15min, the pH value of adjustment plating liquid is 9-10, plating 1h, obtains thickness as 10 μm composite deposite.The component of the sem energy spectrum analysis composite deposite is：Nickel 63wt.%, cobalt 32wt.%, phosphorus 2wt.%, Silicon 3wt.%；Microscopic appearance is shown, silicon nitride particle Dispersed precipitate in composite deposite, accounts for composite deposite area 20%.
4. coating performance is tested：The microhardness of the composite deposite is HV0.01800, coefficient of friction 0.10 is compound with this The aluminum matrix composite of coating is 1.0 × 10 in 0-200 DEG C of the coefficient of expansion-5/ K, it is immersed in 150 DEG C of boiling deep fat 100h, bulge phenomenon does not occur.
Embodiment 8
1. prepare chemical plating fluid：According to nickel sulfate 25g/L, nickel chloride 5/L, cobaltous sulfate 15g/L, sodium hypophosphite 30g/L, lemon Lemon acid sodium 60g/L, ammonium sulfate 50g/L, lanthanum sulfate 5g/L proportioning are prepared into chemical plating fluid, adjust its pH value as 10.
2. prepare abrasion resistant particles slurry：The boron carbide particles 50g of 5 μm of granularity is taken, adds 100mL water, ultrasonic agitation 30min。
3. plating：Using particle, (silicon nitride and the aluminum matrix composite of each 50%) content 40% of boron carbide first will as sample Sample is immersed in the chemical plating fluid that temperature is 85 DEG C and reacted after the processing such as oil removing, pickling roughening, two steps leaching zinc, After reaction starts 30s, abrasion resistant particles slurry 100ml/L is added, forms plating liquid；Every 15min, the pH value of adjustment plating liquid is 9-10, plating 1h, obtain the composite deposite that thickness is 10 μm.The component of the sem energy spectrum analysis composite deposite is：Nickel 45wt.%, cobalt 45wt.%, lanthanum 2wt.%, phosphorus 3wt.%, B 4.7wt.%；Microscopic appearance shows that boron carbide particles are compound Dispersed precipitate in coating, account for the 30% of composite deposite area.
4. coating performance is tested：The microhardness of the composite deposite is HV0.011000, coefficient of friction 0.12 is multiple with this The aluminum matrix composite of conjunction coating is 1.1 × 10 in 0-200 DEG C of the coefficient of expansion-5/ K, it is immersed in 150 DEG C of boiling deep fat 100h, bulge phenomenon does not occur.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of preparation method of the low bulk wear resistant composite plating on aluminum matrix composite surface, it is characterised in that including following Step：
(1) chemical plating fluid is prepared：According to nickel salt 10-50g/L, cobalt salt 10-50g/L, rare earth metal salt 0.1-5g/L, hypophosphites 20-50g/L, complexing agent 30-100g/L, buffer 30-100g/L, stabilizer 0-0.005g/L proportioning have weighed each component, Chemical plating fluid is configured to, and it is 8-10 to adjust its pH；
Described complexing agent is the one or more in sodium citrate, sodium tartrate and sodium potassium tartrate tetrahydrate；
Described buffer is the one or more in ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, ammoniacal liquor；
Described stabilizer is the one or more in thiocarbamide, lauryl sodium sulfate, saccharin；
(2) abrasion resistant particles slurry is prepared：10-100g abrasion resistant particles are weighed, after being dissolved with 100mL water, 25-35min is stirred by ultrasonic；
Described abrasion resistant particles are silicon nitride particle, silicon carbide powder, diamond particles or boron carbide particles, and particle size range is 0.2-5μm；
(3) plating：By aluminum matrix composite sample after oil removing, pickling roughening, the leaching zinc processing of two steps, being immersed in temperature is Start to react in 75-95 DEG C of chemical plating fluid, after reaction starts 30-60s, add abrasion resistant particles slurry 30-100ml/L, formed Plating liquid；Every 10-15min, the pH value of plating liquid is adjusted to 8-10, plating 60-90min, obtains low bulk in uniform thickness Wear resistant composite plating.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described nickel salt is nickel sulfate, nickel chloride and carbonic acid The one or more of nickel.
3. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described cobalt salt is cobaltous sulfate, cobalt chloride and carbonic acid The one or more of cobalt.
4. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described rare earth metal salt be cerous sulfate, cerium chloride, The one or more of lanthanum sulfate and lanthanum chloride.
5. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described hypophosphites is sodium hypophosphite.
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