CN105565180A - Large steel structure lifting method and large steel structure lifting apparatus - Google Patents
Large steel structure lifting method and large steel structure lifting apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN105565180A CN105565180A CN201410518720.7A CN201410518720A CN105565180A CN 105565180 A CN105565180 A CN 105565180A CN 201410518720 A CN201410518720 A CN 201410518720A CN 105565180 A CN105565180 A CN 105565180A
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Abstract
The present invention provides a large steel structure lifting method and a large steel structure lifting apparatus, wherein the lower end of the lifting arm in the used lifting apparatus is hinged on a platform, the upper end is hinged on end of a cable wind rope, the other end of the cable wind rope is hinged on the platform, the platform is provided with a winch, a pulley device on the upper end of the lifting rope lifting arm hangs down on the other side of the lifting arm, the outer side angle is larger than the inner side angle, the cable wind rope installation angle is larger than the inner side angle, and when the lifting height of an object exceeds the platform, the cable wind rope is artificially pulled so as to place the object on the platform. The present invention further provides the lifting apparatus used in the lifting method. According to the lifting method and the lifting apparatus of the present invention, the reasonable force rod member, ie., lifting arm is used, and the special lifting method is used, such that the lifting inlet-outlet position adjusting can be achieved when the special rotation and stretching deice is not installed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to building lifting technical field, provide one to execute the method for hanging, a kind of lifting appliance also providing this to execute to use in the method for hanging.
Background technology
Along with the development of building industry, lifting field also grows up rapidly.In prior art, modal hoisting method uses cantilever design, and coordinate electrical motor cantilever can be rotated and adjust; A kind of common hoisting method is had to be use gantry structure again.For lifting large-sized object, move in larger space,
Adopt hoisting method and the lifting appliance of gantry structure, comparatively simple and practical; And due to speed of application, landform or space constraint in real engineering, the large-scale lifting appliance efficiency of aforesaid cantilever design and gantry structure is not enough or when being difficult to use, just must use suitable Miniature hanging device, common type has portal frame, cantilever and spider.Portal frame form cannot lift the article executed and hang outside platform, and portal frame such as can not be used on skyscraper to lift by crane the article of lower floor.
Cantilevered fashion can lift by crane the article executed and hang outside platform, but small-sized lifting appliance all can not install rotation with actuating devices such as motors or flexible device due to the restriction of economic aspect, make cantilever shalving can only lifting straight up and down, cantilever shalving is that load-carrying capacity can not show a candle to uniaxial force form by bending formula from amechanical angle simultaneously.Spider can lift by crane the article executed and hang outside platform, and rod member stress form is uniaxial force, but also can only lifting straight up and down when not installing rotation or retractor device.For the small-sized lifting appliance can not installing rotation or retractor device, if lifting turnover position can not change, the problem that unloading is quite difficult can be caused.
The current methods of tackling this problem is, by article lifting near landing platform, can not rotate or stretch, manpower just must be used to be pulled to above landing platform by article and unload due to lifting appliance.The method is very dangerous, and inefficiency.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to improve the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of and utilize without with motor-driven rotation or retractor device, but can article beyond hoisting platform, and the method for hanging be executed in safety, reliable, labour-saving.Another object of the present invention is that providing above-mentioned executes the lifting appliance used in the method for hanging.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
One executes the method for hanging,
First a lifting appliance is built,
It comprises a shaft-like arm, is hingedly fixed in its lower end on a platform,
In one end of upper end thereof one cable wind rope of this arm,
The other end of described cable wind rope is on the platform hinged, installs a winch on the platform, and the hoisting rope on it hangs down at the opposite side of arm through the pulley gear being fixed on described arm upper end, and the termination of hoisting rope forms article lifting coupling end; Adjust requiring as an angle that descends to the mortal world makes it to meet setting of this lifting appliance:
A. lateral angle is greater than medial angle,
B. cable wind rope stagger angle is greater than medial angle;
Lifting operation step:
Step one: lifting coupling end lifting article being fixed on described hoisting rope, starts described winch and make article hoisting depth exceed described platform;
Step 2: manually pull described cable wind rope, make described arm around hinge-point rotate until described lateral angle is less than medial angle, and this arm unstability and interior fall, thus article have in the horizontal direction mobile component and by article place on the platform.
] definition of related angle:
Lateral angle: be the angle between described arm and the hoisting rope of article hoisting.
Medial angle: be described arm and the angle between the hoisting rope being connected winch.Cable wind rope stagger angle: be the angle between described cable wind rope and described arm.
A kind of lifting appliance, it comprises a shaft-like arm,
Its lower end is hingedly fixed on a platform, in one end of upper end thereof one cable wind rope of this arm,
The other end of described cable wind rope is on the platform hinged, installs a winch on the platform,
Hoisting rope on it hangs down at the opposite side of arm through the pulley gear being fixed on described arm upper end, hoisting rope
Termination forms article lifting coupling end; Requiring as follows as an angle that descends to the mortal world meets of this lifting appliance:
A. lateral angle is greater than medial angle,
B. cable wind rope stagger angle is greater than medial angle.
The differential seat angle of described lateral angle and described medial angle is preferably 1 one 4 degree.
The differential seat angle of described cable wind rope stagger angle and medial angle is preferably 5 one 14 degree.
Install a limiting device at the coupling end place of described arm and described platform, its swinging track with a vertical blocking surface and described arm crosses, because inertia crosses vertical plane when falling in arm to stop.
The method of hanging and the hanging apparatus executed provided by the invention, by adopting the rational rod member of a kind of stress form, i.e. arm, being added and a kind ofly special is executed the method for hanging, can accomplishing the adjustment that also can realize when not installing special rotation and retractor device lifting by crane turnover position.Because angle design is ingenious, make the reasonable stress of arm, the present invention effectively can reduce the sectional dimension of described arm, and no matter lifts by crane the article of how much weight, can carry out self-unloading by manpower tractive cable wind rope.
Due to design of the present invention, make the simple lifting appliance be made up of arm, cable wind rope and winch, just can overcoming the defect that the existing lifting appliance with arm is inconvenient to lift by crane the adjustment of turnover position, only needing manpower just can complete lifting operation when not installing rotation and retractor device.The preceence executing the method for hanging and hanging apparatus of the present invention is more demonstrated in the place cannot installing large-scale lifting appliance
Below by drawings and Examples, the present invention is further described.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of lifting appliance provided by the invention.
Fig. 2 is the A portion partial enlargement structural representation of Fig. 1.
The A portion force analysis schematic diagram that Fig. 3 is the lifting appliance shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of lifting appliance of the prior art.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of a kind of lifting appliance of the prior art.
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of the lifting of lifting appliance shown in Fig. 5 turnover position adjustment.
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of another kind of lifting appliance of the prior art.
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of the lifting of lifting appliance shown in Fig. 7 turnover position adjustment.
Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram of lifting appliance lifting cargo provided by the invention.
Figure 10 is provided by the invention for lifting appliance provided by the invention shown in Fig. 9 adopts executes the schematic diagram hanging method lifting turnover position adjustment.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
As shown in Figure 1, the hanging apparatus provided in the method for hanging of executing provided by the invention mainly comprises an arm 1-01, hoisting rope 1-03, a cable wind rope 1-02, a set of pulley mechanism 1-04.During installation, pulley mechanism 1-04 is installed on arm 1-01 termination, and the upper end of cable wind rope 1-02 one end and arm 1-01 is hinged, the cable wind rope other end with can fixed sturcture 2-01 such as a platform or one deck floor hinged; Arm 1-01 one end and cable wind rope 1-02 hinged, the other end with can fixed sturcture 2-01 hinged; Hoisting rope 1-03 is through pulley mechanism 1-05, one end is connected with winch 2-02, and one end is for lifting by crane end article hoisting 2-030 [0025] as shown in Figure 2, and hoisting rope 1-03 can form two angles with arm 1-01 through after pulley mechanism 1-04, i.e. lateral angle and medial angle, and hoisting rope does not disconnect.The lifting end side 1-05 of hoisting rope and the angle of arm are lateral angle 3-01, hoisting rope be medial angle 3-02 with the angle of winch coupling end side 1-06 and arm.And cable wind rope 1-02 and arm termination hinged, also can and arm between form angle, this angle is called cable wind rope stagger angle, be called for short stagger angle.
In the method using above-mentioned derricking gear to carry out executing to hang, each primary member assemble method is: the fixed position of cable wind rope on platform adjusting this lifting appliance, determines the installation site of winch on platform, allows each described angle meet setting and requires:
A. lateral angle is greater than medial angle, and the differential seat angle of described lateral angle and described medial angle is preferably 1 one 40.
B. cable wind rope stagger angle is greater than medial angle; The differential seat angle of described cable wind rope stagger angle and medial angle is preferably 5 one 140.
The lifting operation step executing the method for hanging provided by the invention is:
Step one: lifting coupling end lifting article being fixed on described hoisting rope, starts described winch and make article hoisting depth exceed described platform;
Step 2: manually pull described cable wind rope, make described arm around hinge-point rotate until described lateral angle is less than medial angle, and this arm unstability and interior fall, thus article have in the horizontal direction mobile component and by article place on the platform.[0029] as shown in Figure 3, the main operational principle executing the method for hanging provided by the invention is force system in equilibrium: during hoisting rope 1-03 hoisting heavy 2-03, whole-root rope upper pulling force is identical: F1=F2.When lateral angle 3-01 equals medial angle 3-02, the resultant direction on hoisting rope 1-03 just with arm in the same way, now the arm stressed F3 of F4, cable wind rope 1-02 that is under pressure is zero; When lateral angle 3-01 is greater than medial angle 3-02, the resultant direction on hoisting rope 1-03 in lateral angle region, due to resultant direction and arm not in the same way, so under tension on cable wind rope, arm is under pressure, stress system balance; When lateral angle 3-01 is less than medial angle 3-02, resultant direction on hoisting rope 1-03 is in medial angle region, and not in the same way, arm is under pressure for resultant direction and arm, and cable wind rope also pressurized, but cable wind rope can not bear pressure, now, native system is stressed cannot be balanced, arm 1-01 will fall by angle lapping to the inside, so the article 2-03 that hoisting rope plays just falls towards platform medial movement.
Provided by the inventionly execute the method for hanging particularly: when installing hoisting mechanism, make lateral angle 3-01 be greater than medial angle 3-02 during installation, arm pressurized, cable wind rope tension, the differential seat angle of lateral angle 3-01 and medial angle 3-02 controls 1 to 40,
The differential seat angle of stagger angle 3-03 and medial angle 3-02 controls to spend 5 to 140.Stable system under this Angle ambiguity, suffered by cable wind rope, axle power is very little simultaneously, known by analytic method, and the axle power of cable wind rope only has 1/10 to ten/40th of lifting thing.Article are risen when winching to landing platform height, because guy reel for rope power is very little, the power that applying one is more little in the middle part of cable wind rope, the pulling force of tractive cable wind rope is applied as by manpower, cable wind rope 1-02 can be pulled, drive arm 1-01 lean-in simultaneously, at this moment lateral angle will reduce and medial angle can increase, be less than the whole system of medial angle once lateral angle and enter non-equilibrium state, arm starts introversion, drive hoisting rope to move, article can be followed and be moved to above landing platform simultaneously, and now unloading can complete lifting.
As shown in Figure 4, stagger angle is wherein less than medial angle to the structure of derricking gear of the prior art, and like this, the application force that arm bears is very large, and the pulling force simultaneously on cable wind rope is also very large.Manpower tractive can not be passed through.Therefore, if such derricking gear does not configure rotation or mobile device, just cannot make to sling article at transverse shifting.
In this derricking gear, one limiting device 2-05 is also set at arm and platform hinged place, as shown in Figure 4, crosses vertical plane due to inertia when its effect is and falls in prevention arm and pound formation accident on crane.
By lifting appliance provided by the invention and adopt execute the method for hanging and use similar lifting appliance to carry out lifting operation in prior art to contrast as follows:
Engineering background is as follows: in the skyscraper of a total absolute altitude 100m, 50m absolute altitude floor plates installs lifting appliance, is hung by the goods on ground or lower floor on the discharging platform 5-05 in 30m absolute altitude floor plates.Goods oad is 4mX4m, and the weight of goods is 2 tons, and during lifting, the safety distance of goods and platform is under the same engineering background of lmo, contrasts common arm situation as follows:
Example 1: as shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, for non-telescoping arm, comprise arm 5-01, its lower end is hinged on high-order floor 5-06, also comprises air cylinder 5-02, and its one end is hinged on high-order floor 5-06, arm 5-01 at the bottom of other end hinged roof, connect lifting rope 5-03 in the upper end of arm 5-01 by pulley, the common arm of lower end system article 5-040 of lifting rope adopts air cylinder to support, and by air cylinder, arm is upwards pushed up the parallel motion realizing goods.As shown in Figure 5, air cylinder is generally connected in the middle part of arm or 1/3rd places, and air cylinder and bearing connection location and arm and bearing connection location distance are generally 1/3rd of arm.] when goods is 2 ton hours, learnt by force analysis and calculating, air cylinder is stressed is 45kN, and being converted into equivalent mass is 4.59 tons.
Example 2: as shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8, is the non-telescoping arm of another kind, comprises an arm 5-01, and it is fixed on high-order floor 5-06 by two bearings, and the other end stretches out floor and forms lifting end, connects lifting rope 5-03 lifting cargo 5-04 by pulley.When lifting cargo is unloaded, must use manpower that goods is pulled to discharging platform 5-05.
When weight is still 2 ton hours, by the manpower that calculates along with lifting rope length, there is larger change the position of people, and manpower is approximately 3kN one by one between 8.5kN, and being converted into equivalent mass is 306kg 867kg one by one.
Example 3: use lifting appliance provided by the invention under this project background, use and provided by the inventionly execute the method for hanging, as shown in Figure 9 and Figure 10, on cable rope 1-02, a vertical power is applied after lifting cargo, by all where method and Mechanics Calculation, on cable rope, axle power is approximately 1/40-1/10 compared to the gravity of goods, and can calculate by mechanics method the 10/1-1/5 that this vertical power is approximately cable rope axle power when applying vertical power to cable rope.
] by calculating when cargo weight is 2 ton hours, the axle power of cable rope is approximately 0.26kN, and the load that people applies is 0.06kN, amounting to equivalent mass is 6.1kg.
Find out from above-mentioned three examples, hoisting weight is all 2 tons, and the external force needed when example 1 is unloaded is 45kN, and reduced mass is 4.59 tons, and this is that people is beyond power at all, so example 1 unloading must use mechanical device to realize; The maximum external force needed when example 2 is unloaded is 8.5kN, and reduced mass is 867kg, needs about 8-12 people just can bear so large power like this, and simultaneously this method danger comparatively greatly, is easy to people to extract flooring and causes and fall.And when using lifting appliance of the present invention and use the example 3 originally executing the method for hanging to unload, maximum external force is 0.06kN, and reduced mass is 6.lkg, and such power is very little for an adult, so the present invention can, under minimum manpower condition, use easy equipment to reach the object of unloading certainly.[0041] feature executing the method for hanging and derricking gear wherein used provided by the invention is: the angular relationship utilizing force system in equilibrium and each component, and the axle power of Mechanics Calculation to cable wind rope and arm controls, like this, just can make arm sectional dimension under equal conditions, use the arm sectional dimension of cantilever system, and rotation and retractor device be not installed, only use the simplest hinge method can realize lifting turnover position adjustment.Therefore, be make great progress on prior art basis.
More than show and describe groundwork of the present invention, principal character and advantage of the present invention.The technical personnel of the industry should be understood; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; what describe in above-described embodiment and specification sheets just illustrates principle of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and these changes and improvements all fall in the claimed scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. large-scale steel structure execute the method for hanging, it is characterized in that:
First a lifting appliance is built,
It comprises a shaft-like arm, is hingedly fixed in its lower end on a platform, in one end of upper end thereof one cable wind rope of this arm,
The other end of described cable wind rope is on the platform hinged, installs a winch on the platform, and the hoisting rope on it hangs down at the opposite side of arm through the pulley gear being fixed on described arm upper end,
The termination of hoisting rope forms article lifting coupling end; Adjust requiring as an angle that descends to the mortal world makes it to meet setting of this lifting appliance:
A. lateral angle is greater than medial angle,
B. cable wind rope stagger angle is greater than medial angle;
Lifting operation step:
Step one:
Lifting article are fixed on the lifting coupling end of described hoisting rope, start described winch and make article hoisting depth exceed described platform;
Step 2:
Manually pull described cable wind rope, make described arm around hinge-point rotate until described lateral angle is less than medial angle, and this arm unstability and interior fall, thus article have in the horizontal direction mobile component and by article place on the platform.
2. large-scale steel structure according to claim 1 execute the method for hanging, it is characterized in that:
The differential seat angle of described lateral angle and described medial angle is 1---4 degree.
3. large-scale steel structure according to claim 1 and 2 large-scale steel structure execute the method for hanging, it is characterized in that:
The differential seat angle of described cable wind rope stagger angle and medial angle is 5---14 degree.
4. a lifting appliance for large-scale steel structure, is characterized in that:
Comprise a shaft-like arm, its lower end is hingedly fixed on a platform,
In one end of upper end thereof one cable wind rope of this arm,
The other end of described cable wind rope is on the platform hinged, installs a winch on the platform,
Hoisting rope on it hangs down at the opposite side of arm through the pulley gear being fixed on described arm upper end, and the termination of hoisting rope forms article lifting coupling end; Requiring as follows as an angle that descends to the mortal world meets of this lifting appliance:
A. lateral angle is greater than medial angle,
B. cable wind rope stagger angle is greater than medial angle.
5. the lifting appliance of large-scale steel structure according to claim 4, is characterized in that:
The differential seat angle of described lateral angle and described medial angle is 1 one 40.
6. the lifting appliance of the large-scale steel structure according to claim 4 or 5, is characterized in that:
The differential seat angle of described cable wind rope stagger angle and medial angle is 5 one 1400.
7. the lifting appliance of large-scale steel structure according to claim 4, is characterized in that:
At arm and platform hinged place, one limiting device is also set,
Its swinging track with a vertical blocking surface and described arm crosses, because inertia crosses vertical plane when falling in arm to stop.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410518720.7A CN105565180A (en) | 2014-10-05 | 2014-10-05 | Large steel structure lifting method and large steel structure lifting apparatus |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410518720.7A CN105565180A (en) | 2014-10-05 | 2014-10-05 | Large steel structure lifting method and large steel structure lifting apparatus |
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| CN105565180A true CN105565180A (en) | 2016-05-11 |
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| CN201410518720.7A Pending CN105565180A (en) | 2014-10-05 | 2014-10-05 | Large steel structure lifting method and large steel structure lifting apparatus |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108002245A (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2018-05-08 | 陈飞华 | A kind of small-sized crane for building |
| CN108821157A (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2018-11-16 | 丽水学院 | A kind of small-sized lifting machine |
| CN111170175A (en) * | 2020-02-26 | 2020-05-19 | 南京信息职业技术学院 | Platform can convertible balanced lifting arm |
-
2014
- 2014-10-05 CN CN201410518720.7A patent/CN105565180A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108002245A (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2018-05-08 | 陈飞华 | A kind of small-sized crane for building |
| CN108002245B (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2019-12-10 | 瑞安市赛维进出口贸易有限公司 | Small-size loop wheel machine for building |
| CN108821157A (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2018-11-16 | 丽水学院 | A kind of small-sized lifting machine |
| CN111170175A (en) * | 2020-02-26 | 2020-05-19 | 南京信息职业技术学院 | Platform can convertible balanced lifting arm |
| CN111170175B (en) * | 2020-02-26 | 2022-03-04 | 南京信息职业技术学院 | Platform can convertible balanced lifting arm |
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Application publication date: 20160511 |