CN105565146B - Suspension hook holding structure, crane and suspension hook fixing means - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a hook holding structure, a crane and a hook fixing method, which relate to the field of engineering machinery and are used for improving the hoisting efficiency of the crane and reducing the hoisting cost. The hook holding structure includes a boom, a boom head, a hook and a hook holding assembly, the boom and the boom head are rotatably connected; wherein, when the boom head rotates to the top of the boom frame, the crane A hook is secured by the hook retaining assembly. It can be seen that the above technical solution can automatically and stably keep the hook on the jib when the crane is hoisting and the transition process is completed. There is no need to disassemble the hook and retract the wire rope. The crane can carry the hook together to save hoisting time. .

Description

Hook holding structure, crane and hook fixing method

technical field

The invention relates to the field of engineering machinery, in particular to a hook holding structure, a crane and a hook fixing method.

Background technique

As a kind of lifting machinery commonly used in construction, industry and other fields, cranes can realize a series of complex mechanism movements, so as to realize the height and range required for actual lifting, the transformation between working conditions and the smooth disassembly and assembly of the crane itself . The hook is a common part of the crane. The heavy objects are hung on the hook, and the vertical lifting and horizontal handling can be realized with the movement of the crane.

Crane: a multi-action hoisting machine that lifts vertically and transports heavy objects horizontally within a certain range.

Hook: It is a kind of spreader in lifting machinery. The hook is often suspended on the wire rope of the hoisting mechanism by means of a pulley block and other components. The industry often uses its maximum lifting weight to define the hook model.

Wire rope: Required to be at least partially wound on the hoist, coiled and/or reelable and/or uncoilable with the action of the hoist.

As shown in Figure 1, the crane includes a boom 15 and a hook 12, a wire rope 13 is connected to the hook 12 via the arm head pulley block 14 connected on the boom, and the hook pulley block, and the lifting weight 11 is hung on the hook 12. below.

The hook is an essential part of the crane lifting operation. On the one hand, the hook is the connection point between the lifting weight and the crane. The lifting weight is hung on the hook to realize lifting, turning, and luffing with the movement of the crane. sports. On the other hand, the hook plays an important role of a moving pulley block in lifting operations. Winding the steel wire rope pulled out from the winch between the boom head pulley block and the hook pulley block according to certain rules can double the load-bearing capacity of the wire rope and realize the lifting of heavy objects whose weight is much greater than the load-bearing capacity of the wire rope Purpose.

For large-scale lifting operations such as wind power installation and maintenance, and large-scale chemical machinery lifting, generally 100t, 130t, 200t or even larger hooks are used.

Just because the hook is equivalent to a moving pulley block, the hook is a movable part that can swing freely. For large hooks over 100t, the freely swingable hook is unsafe during the crane's driving and transition. Therefore, before the crane travels and transfers, it is generally necessary to remove the hook, transport it separately, and install the hook after reaching the lifting site. Removing and installing the hook and the associated wire rope retracting and winding operations are time consuming.

The inventors have found that there are at least the following problems in the prior art: in the prior art, the hooks of 100t or more have the characteristics of heavy weight, large volume, and time-consuming disassembly and assembly. When the crane is transferred, the hook needs to be disassembled and transported separately. The crane user must spend a long time to complete the disassembly and installation of the hook, as well as the retraction and winding of the related wire rope, thus increasing the hoisting time and restricting the hoisting speed. , increase the lifting cost. Frequent disassembly and assembly of the hook is an important factor that restricts the hoisting speed of large-scale equipment such as wind power hoisting.

Contents of the invention

One of the objectives of the present invention is to provide a hook holding structure, a crane and a hook fixing method to improve the hoisting efficiency of the crane and reduce the hoisting cost.

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

The invention provides a hook holding structure, comprising a boom, a hook and a hook holding assembly, the hook is suspended at the end of the boom, and the hook holding assembly can hold the A hook remains with the jib.

In an optional embodiment, the boom includes a jib frame and a jib head, and the jib frame and the jib head are rotatably connected; wherein, when the jib head rotates above the jib frame, the The hook is fixed on the arm head by the hook holding assembly.

In an optional embodiment, the hook holding assembly includes a limit frame and a fixing part; the limit frame is fixed below the arm head, and when the arm head rotates to the top of the arm frame, The fixing component fixes the hook and the limit frame.

In an optional embodiment, the fixing part includes a fixing pin; the limit frame is provided with a first fixing hole, and the hook is provided with a second fixing hole; wherein, when the arm head rotates to the Above the boom, the first fixing hole is aligned with the second fixing hole, and the fixing pin is inserted into the first fixing hole and the second fixing hole.

In an optional embodiment, the limiting frame includes two limiting plates, and each limiting plate is bent, and the two limiting plates are arranged opposite to each other to form an outer flared structure.

In an optional embodiment, the hook holding structure further includes a wire rope locking device; the wire rope locking device is arranged near the rotational connection between the boom frame and the boom head, and the wire rope locking device is used for Lock the wire rope connected with the hook.

In an optional embodiment, the hook holding structure further includes an arm head locking device. When the arm head rotates above the boom frame, the arm head locking device can connect the arm head to the The boom is locked.

In an optional embodiment, the arm head locking device includes a locking pin; the arm frame is provided with a first limit hole, and the arm head is provided with a second limit hole;

When the arm head rotates to the top of the boom, the first limiting hole and the second limiting hole are aligned, and the locking pin is inserted into the first limiting hole and the second limiting hole. in the second limiting hole.

In an optional embodiment, the boom includes a jib frame and a jib head, and the jib frame and the jib head are rotatably connected; wherein, when the jib head rotates above the jib frame, the A hook is defined on the jib head by the hook retaining assembly.

An embodiment of the present invention also provides a crane, which includes the hook holding structure provided by any technical solution of the present invention.

The embodiment of the present invention also provides a hook fixing method, which includes the following steps: before the crane is transferred to another site, using the hook holding assembly provided by any of the above technical solutions of the present invention to keep the hook and the boom together .

In an alternative embodiment, the hook retaining assembly retaining the hook with the jib comprises the steps of:

Rotate the jib head of the boom to the top of the jib so that the hook falls above the jib head;

The hook and the arm head are fixed by using the hook holding component.

In an optional embodiment, the hook holding assembly includes a limit frame and a fixing part, and fixing the hook and the arm head by using the hook holding assembly includes the following steps:

A hydraulic device is used to automatically insert and fix the fixing part with the limit frame and the hook.

Based on the above technical solutions, the embodiments of the present invention can produce at least the following technical effects:

When rotating the jib head, other lifting equipment can be used to lift the jib head to make it rotate to the top of the jib frame. The hook is suspended by a wire rope, so it will slowly approach the bottom of the jib head as the jib head rotates. When the jib head rotates to the top of the jib frame, the hook is fixed on the jib head by the hook holding assembly. It can be seen that the above-mentioned technical solution can automatically and stably keep the hook on the jib when the crane is hoisting and the transition process is completed. There is no need to disassemble the hook and retract the wire rope. The crane can carry the hook together to save hoisting time. .

Description of drawings

The accompanying drawings described here are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the application. The schematic embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations to the present invention. In the attached picture:

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of crane in the prior art;

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a hook holding structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

3a to 3c are schematic diagrams of the folding process of the hook holding structure provided by the embodiment of the present invention.

Reference signs:

1. Hook; 2. Wire rope; 3. Hook holding component;

4. Wire rope locking device; 5. Arm frame; 6. Arm head;

31. Limit frame; 11. Lifting heavy objects; 12. Hook;

13. Steel wire rope; 14. Arm head pulley block; 15. Lifting arm.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions provided by the present invention will be described in more detail below in conjunction with FIGS. 2 to 3c.

Referring to Fig. 2, an embodiment of the present invention provides a hook holding structure, including a boom, a hook 1 and a hook holding assembly 3, the hook 1 is suspended at the end of the boom, and the hook holding assembly 3 can Hook 1 is kept together with the jib.

The suspension hook 1 and the boom can be kept together in the following ways: the suspension hook 1 is fixed on the boom, or the suspension hook 1 is limited on the boom. For example, a frame is set on the jib, and when the crane needs to be transferred to another site, the hook 1 is placed inside the frame.

For example, the following way is used to keep them together: the jib frame 5 and the jib head 6 of the boom are rotatably connected; wherein, when the jib head 6 rotates to the top of the jib frame 5, the hook 1 is limited by the hook holding assembly 3 on the arm Head 6 on. The suspension hook holding component 3 can adopt the mode of frame structure and stop block, after suspension hook 1 falls in the frame structure, insert stop block, prevent suspension hook 1 from falling out. A specific way of keeping the hook 1 and the jib together through fixing will be given later.

It can be seen that, in the above technical solution, when the crane is hoisting and transitioning, the hook holding component 3 can automatically and stably keep the hook 1 on the boom without disassembling the hook 1 and retracting the wire rope 2, and the crane can carry The hook 1 is transferred together to save hoisting time.

Specifically, the boom includes a jib 5 and a jib head 6, and the jib 5 and the jib head 6 are rotatably connected; wherein, when the jib head 6 rotates to the top of the jib 5, the hook 1 is fixed by the hook holding assembly 3 On the arm head 6.

When rotating the arm head 6, other lifting equipment can be used to lift the arm head 6 so that it can be rotated to the top of the arm frame 5. The hook 1 is suspended and set by the wire rope 2, so it will slowly move with the rotation of the arm head 6. Close to the bottom of the arm head 6. When the jib head 6 rotates above the jib frame 5, the hook 1 is fixed on the jib head 6 by the hook holding assembly 3, and the rotation process of the jib head 6 is shown in Fig. 3a to Fig. 3c. It can be seen that the above-mentioned technical solution can automatically and stably fix the hook 1 on the jib 5 when the crane is hoisting and transitioning, without disassembling the hook 1 and retracting the wire rope 2, and the crane can carry the hook 1 to rotate together. field, saving hoisting time.

Referring to Fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the hook holding assembly 3 includes a limit frame 31 and a fixed part; the limit frame 31 is fixed below the arm head 6, and when the arm head 6 rotates to the top of the arm frame 5, the fixed part will Suspension hook 1 is fixed with spacer 31. When the jib head 6 rotates to the top of the jib frame 5 , the hook 1 is constrained and limited by the limit frame 31 . The hook holding assembly 3 is located at the contact position between the hook 1 and the overturned arm head 6 .

There are many ways to realize the fixing part, for example, a buckle structure is used to fix the limit frame 31 and the hook 1 .

In this embodiment, the fixing part includes a fixing pin; the limit frame 31 is provided with a first fixing hole, and the hook 1 is provided with a second fixing hole; wherein, when the arm head 6 rotates to the top of the arm frame 5, the first fixing hole The hole is aligned with the second fixing hole, and the fixing pin is inserted into the first fixing hole and the second fixing hole. Specifically, a hydraulic device can be used to control the fixing pin shaft to be inserted into the first fixing hole and the second fixing hole, so as to realize the automatic fixing of the hook 1 .

Further, the limiting frame 31 includes two limiting plates, and each limiting plate is bent, and the two limiting plates are oppositely arranged to form an outer flared structure. The outer flaring structure acts as a limit guide for the hook 1, so that the hook 1 can easily fall into the area between the two limit plates. Referring to FIG. 2 , the two limiting plates are located on the lower surface of the arm head 6 .

Referring to Fig. 2, in order to ensure that the wire rope 2 does not shake during the rotation of the jib head 6, the hook holding structure also includes a wire rope locking device 4; , The wire rope locking device 4 is used to lock the wire rope 2 connected with the hook 1. With such arrangement, the steel wire rope 2 can be kept orderly during the rotation of the arm head 6 without damaging the steel wire rope 2 or the components on the arm head 6 .

Wire rope locking device 4 can adopt hoisting, pulley structure to realize.

In order to ensure the safety of transportation, the hook holding structure also includes an arm head locking device. When the arm head 6 rotates to the top of the arm frame 5, the arm head locking device can lock the arm head 6 and the arm frame 5.

In this embodiment, the arm head locking device includes a locking pin; the arm frame 5 is provided with a first limit hole, and the arm head 6 is provided with a second limit hole. When the arm head 6 rotates to the top of the arm frame 5, the first limiting hole and the second limiting hole are aligned, and the locking pin is inserted into the first limiting hole and the second limiting hole. A hydraulic device can be used to automatically insert the locking pin into the first limiting hole and the second limiting hole, so as to realize automatic fixing of the boom 5 and the boom head 6 .

A specific embodiment is given below.

As shown in Figure 2, the hook holding structure can realize the fixing of the boom, and its main components include boom 5, rotatable arm head 6, hook holding assembly 3 and wire rope locking device 4 and other components.

The working principle of the hook holding structure is shown in Figure 3a-3c, a rotatable arm head 6 is provided, and a wire rope locking device 4 is provided at the rotation point. In the case of not disassembling the hook 1, at first, the twist mechanism controls the wire rope locking device 4 to lock the wire rope 2, and after the wire rope 2 is locked, the rotatable arm head 6 is pulled by a power source such as an auxiliary crane or hydraulic power, so that It rotates around a point of rotation. The hook 1 moves together with the rotatable arm head 6. When the rotation angle of the arm head 6 is greater than 90 degrees, the hook 1 will automatically approach and touch the arm head 6 under the action of gravity, realizing the "soft landing" of the hook 1 ". At this time, the hook holding assembly 3 installed at the contact position will guide the hook 1 and constrain its movement trajectory, so that the hanging hook 1 will fall smoothly on a specific position on the hook holding assembly 3 . Continue to rotate the arm head 6 to 180 degrees. At this time, the hook 1 has been placed on the hook holding assembly 3 smoothly, and the twist mechanism locks the arm head 6 and the hook 1. Under the supporting action of the hook holding component 3, the hook 1 can safely travel and transition with the crane. A in Fig. 3b is the rotation point of the boom head 6 around the boom 5, and in Fig. 3b the hook 1 is just next to the hook holding component 3, that is, "soft landing". Suspension hook 1 is locked dead among Fig. 3 c, and arm head 6 is locked dead.

When the crane arrives at the hoisting site and the support is completed, the releasing process of the hook 1 is opposite to the above-mentioned fixing process. Performing the reverse process of the above fixing process can automatically release the restraint of the hook 1 and restore the hook 1 to the hoisting state.

It can be seen from the above that the hook holding structure provided by the embodiment of the present invention has the following advantages:

1. The hook holding structure uses the self-weight of the hook 1 to automatically fix the hook 1, providing a rigid fixing device for the fixing of the hook 1. The structure of the fixing device is safe and reliable, eliminating the need for wire rope 2 and pull ropes, etc. The potential safety hazard that the flexible body fixes the hook 1 exists.

2. The hook holding structure realizes the automatic fixation of the hook 1 and the driving with the vehicle. It is not necessary to dismantle and install the hook 1 and the wire rope 2 when the crane is transferred. The automatic fixing device is efficient and convenient, which saves hoisting time, improves hoisting speed, and reduces hoisting costs. .

Another embodiment of the present invention provides a crane, including the hook holding structure provided by any technical solution of the present invention.

Another embodiment of the present invention provides a hook fixing method, which can be realized by using the hook holding structure provided by any of the above technical solutions. The method includes the steps of: using a hook retaining assembly to retain the hook on the jib before the crane is transferred to another yard. Before fixing the hook, the wire rope connected with the hook can also be locked first.

Further, using the hook holding assembly to hold the hook on the boom includes the following steps:

Turn the jib head of the boom to the top of the jib so that the hook falls above the jib head.

Use the hook retaining assembly to fix the hook and the jib head.

The hook holding assembly is fixed below the boom head, and when the boom head is overturned to the top of the boom frame, the hook holding assembly is located above the boom head. At this time, the hook falls to the top of the arm head and is just limited by the hook holding component, and the hydraulic device is used to plug and fix the hook holding component with the hook and the arm head, so as to realize the automatic fixing of the hook. See also here the description of how the hook retaining structure works above.

Further, the hook holding assembly includes a limit frame and a fixing part, and using the hook holding assembly to fix the hook and the arm head includes the following steps: using a hydraulic device to automatically insert and fix the fixing part with the limit frame and the hook, For example, the cooperation between the hole and the shaft is used to realize the plug-in fixation. Automatic fixing of the hook can be realized in this way.

In describing the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central", "longitudinal", "transverse", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", The orientations or positional relationships indicated by "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying It means that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated for a specific orientation, and thus cannot be construed as limiting the protection content of the present invention.

If words such as "first" and "second" are used herein to define components, those skilled in the art should know that the use of "first" and "second" is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. , unless otherwise stated, the above words have no special meaning.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: it can still be Modifications are made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent replacements are made to some of the technical features, but these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (11)

1. A suspension hook holding structure, characterized in that it comprises a boom, a suspension hook (1) and a suspension hook holding assembly (3), the suspension hook (1) is suspended at the end of the boom, The hook holding assembly (3) is capable of holding the hook (1) together with the jib; The boom includes a jib (5) and a jib head (6), and the jib (5) and the jib head (6) are rotatably connected; wherein, the hook holding assembly (3) is configured as When the arm head (6) turns to the top of the boom (5), the hook (1) is fixed on the arm head (6) by the hook holding component (3); The hook holding component (3) is located at the contact position between the hook (1) and the overturned arm head (6). 2. The hook holding structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, the hook holding assembly (3) comprises a limit frame (31) and a fixing part; the limit frame (31) is fixed on the Below the arm head (6), when the arm head (6) rotates above the arm frame (5), the fixing part fixes the hook (1) and the limit frame (31) . 3. The suspension hook holding structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, the fixed part comprises a fixed pin shaft; the limit frame (31) is provided with a first fixed hole, and the suspension hook (1) is provided with a first fixed hole. There is a second fixing hole; wherein, when the arm head (6) is rotated to the top of the boom (5), the first fixing hole is aligned with the second fixing hole, and the fixing pin is inserted into into the first fixing hole and the second fixing hole. 4. The hook holding structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, the limit frame (31) comprises two limit plates, and each limit plate is bent, and the two limit plates The plates are oppositely arranged to form a flared structure. 5. The hook holding structure according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that it also includes a wire rope locking device (4); the wire rope locking device (4) is arranged on the boom (5) Near the rotational connection with the arm head (6), the wire rope locking device (4) is used to lock the wire rope (2) connected to the hook (1). 6. The hook holding structure according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that it also includes an arm head locking device, when the arm head (6) rotates to the top of the arm frame (5), The arm head locking device can lock the arm head (6) and the boom frame (5). 7. The hook holding structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, the arm head locking device comprises a locking pin; the arm frame (5) is provided with a first limit hole, and the arm head (6) There is a second limit hole; When the arm head (6) is rotated to the top of the arm frame (5), the first limiting hole is aligned with the second limiting hole, and the locking pin is inserted into the first limiting hole. One limiting hole and the second limiting hole. 8. A crane, characterized in that it comprises the hook holding structure according to any one of claims 1-7. 9. A hook fixing method, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: before the crane is transferred to another site, using the hook holding assembly according to claim 1 to keep the hook and the boom together. 10. The hook fixing method according to claim 9, wherein said hook holding assembly holding the hook with the jib together comprises the steps of: Rotate the jib head of the boom to the top of the jib so that the hook falls above the jib head; The hook and the arm head are fixed by using the hook holding component. 11. The hook fixing method according to claim 10, characterized in that, the hook holding assembly includes a limit frame and a fixing part, and the hook and the arm are fixed by using the hook holding assembly. Head fixation involves the following steps: A hydraulic device is used to automatically insert and fix the fixing part with the limit frame and the hook.