CN105564995B - The palletizing method of full-automatic profile steel stacker - Google Patents
The palletizing method of full-automatic profile steel stacker Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G61/00—Use of pick-up or transfer devices or of manipulators for stacking or de-stacking articles not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于冶金生产设备的技术领域,特别涉及一种全自动型钢码垛机。另外,本发明还涉及该码垛机的码垛方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of metallurgical production equipment, in particular to a fully automatic section steel palletizer. In addition, the present invention also relates to a palletizing method of the palletizer.
背景技术Background technique
型钢码垛机是用于将定尺剪切、矫直后的型钢按照指定的垛型截面尺寸码放成捆的码垛设备。现有的型钢码垛机多集中应用在大规格型钢生产领域中,存在成本高、工作节拍慢,适用的产品规格范围窄,编组效率低且需要人工干预等突出问题,很难在生产小规格型钢类型企业推广应用。The section steel palletizer is a palletizing equipment used for stacking cut-to-length and straightened section steel into bundles according to the specified section size of the stack. Existing section steel palletizers are mostly used in the field of large-scale section steel production. There are outstanding problems such as high cost, slow work rhythm, narrow range of applicable product specifications, low marshalling efficiency and manual intervention, etc., making it difficult to produce small-size Promotion and application of steel type enterprises.
随着技术进步,型材制造企业对轧线的升级改造,实现了在同一条轧线能生产小H型钢、槽钢、角钢、C型钢以及其它规格型材,大大节约投资成本。而上述型钢生产过程中还没有适合的码垛设备能同时覆盖上述产品的自动码垛工作,在小型材的码垛普遍采用人工码垛方式,效率低、人工成本高、工作环境恶劣以及安全生产隐患多等突出问题。With the advancement of technology, profile manufacturing enterprises have upgraded their rolling lines to realize the production of small H-shaped steel, channel steel, angle steel, C-shaped steel and other specifications of profiles on the same rolling line, which greatly saves investment costs. However, in the production process of the above-mentioned section steel, there is no suitable palletizing equipment that can cover the automatic palletizing work of the above-mentioned products at the same time. Manual palletizing is generally used in the palletizing of small profiles, which has low efficiency, high labor costs, harsh working environment and safe production. There are many hidden dangers and other outstanding problems.
近年来,随着人工成本的提高、生产规模的扩大和环境、劳动保护进一步规范以及一些大客户对型材包装提出了更高要求,型钢生产企业迫切希望有合适的型钢全自动码垛机替代目前人工或半自动码垛方式。In recent years, with the increase of labor costs, the expansion of production scale, the further standardization of the environment and labor protection, and some large customers have put forward higher requirements for profile packaging, profile steel manufacturers are eager to have a suitable profile steel automatic palletizer to replace the current Manual or semi-automatic palletizing.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明提供一种全自动型钢码垛机,其目的是实现型钢码垛的自动化。The invention provides a fully automatic section steel palletizer, the purpose of which is to realize the automation of section steel stacking.
为了实现上述目的,本发明采取的技术方案为:In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is:
本发明的全自动型钢码垛机,包括型钢输送机构、码垛机构;以及将垛包移出码垛工位的垛包移送辊道,在所述的型钢输送机构与垛包移送辊道之间设置用于型钢自动编组的编组小车。The fully automatic profiled steel palletizer of the present invention comprises a profiled steel conveying mechanism and a stacking mechanism; Set up the marshalling trolley for the automatic marshalling of section steel.
所述的码垛机构包括:将编组好的型钢运送到正码待料位置的正码机构;将已编组的型钢翻转后运送至反码待料位置的反码机构。The palletizing mechanism includes: a positive code mechanism that transports the grouped section steel to the positive code waiting position; and an inverse code mechanism that turns the grouped section steel over and transports it to the reverse code waiting position.
在所述的垛包移送辊道的位置设置堆垛升降台。A stacking lifting platform is arranged at the position of the stack transfer roller table.
所述的型钢输送机构设置输送链收集架。The section steel conveying mechanism is provided with a conveying chain collecting frame.
所述的输送链收集架设置按照型钢的长度并列等距排列的收集架本体,并通过收集架底座、固定在设备地基上。The conveyor chain collecting frame is provided with collecting frame bodies arranged side by side and equidistantly according to the length of the section steel, and is fixed on the equipment foundation through the collecting frame base.
所述的输送链收集架设置输送链条、从动链轮组件、张紧链轮组件和主传动链轮组件,所述的输送链条与从动链轮组件、张紧链轮组件和主传动链轮组件组成一组链式输送传动机构;The conveying chain collection rack is provided with a conveying chain, a driven sprocket assembly, a tensioning sprocket assembly and a main drive sprocket assembly, and the conveying chain, a driven sprocket assembly, a tensioning sprocket assembly and a main drive chain The wheel assembly forms a set of chain conveyor transmission mechanism;
所述的输送链收集架设置电机减速机,所述的电机减速机通过主传动同步联轴器驱动上述链式输送传动机构同步运转。The conveyor chain collecting frame is provided with a motor reducer, and the motor reducer drives the above-mentioned chain conveyor transmission mechanism to run synchronously through the main drive synchronous coupling.
所述的输送链收集架上还设有编组定位机构,所述的编组定位机构是固定在输送链收集架本体上的一套由液压缸驱动的可直线移动的定位挡块系统。The grouping positioning mechanism is also provided on the conveyor chain collecting frame, and the grouping positioning mechanism is a set of linearly movable positioning block system driven by a hydraulic cylinder fixed on the conveyor chain collecting frame body.
所述的编组定位机构设有编组定位挡块,所述的编组定位挡块通过编组定位挡块底座与收集架本体进行螺栓连接。The marshalling positioning mechanism is provided with a marshalling positioning stopper, and the marshalling positioning stopper is bolted to the collection frame body through the marshalling positioning stopper base.
所述的编组定位机构设置编组定位挡块同步轴轴承座,所述的编组定位挡块同步轴轴承座固定在收集架底座上。The marshalling positioning mechanism is provided with a marshalling positioning block synchronous shaft bearing seat, and the marshalling positioning block synchronous shaft bearing seat is fixed on the base of the collecting frame.
所述的编组定位机构设置保证各个编组定位挡块同步移动的编组定位挡块同步轴,所述的编组定位挡块同步轴安装在各个编组定位挡块同步轴轴承座上。The marshalling positioning mechanism is provided with a marshalling positioning block synchronous shaft that ensures synchronous movement of each marshalling positioning block, and the marshalling positioning block synchronizing shaft is installed on each marshalling positioning block synchronous shaft bearing seat.
在所述的编组定位挡块底座上设有滑移轴;在所述的滑移轴的两端安装有滑轴滚轮组件和编组挡块组件;所述的滑轴滚轮组件中的滚轮安装在U型口摇臂中的U型槽口内,使滑轴滚轮组件能随着U型口摇臂的摆动作水平移动,将U型口摇臂的旋转运动转换成滑轴滚轮组件的水平直线运动;所述的轴滚轮组件驱动滑移轴以及固定在滑移轴上的编组挡块组件作水平移动。A sliding shaft is provided on the base of the grouping positioning block; a sliding shaft roller assembly and a grouping block assembly are installed at both ends of the sliding shaft; the rollers in the sliding shaft roller assembly are installed on In the U-shaped notch in the U-shaped rocker arm, the sliding shaft and roller assembly can move horizontally with the swing of the U-shaped rocker arm, and convert the rotational motion of the U-shaped rocker arm into the horizontal linear motion of the sliding shaft and roller assembly. ; The shaft roller assembly drives the sliding shaft and the marshalling block assembly fixed on the sliding shaft to move horizontally.
所述的编组定位机构设置编组驱动油缸,所述的编组驱动油缸驱动所述的U型口摇臂以及编组定位挡块同步轴摆动,每个U型口摇臂与编组定位挡块同步轴刚性连接,保证各个U型口摇臂同步摆动。The marshalling positioning mechanism is provided with a marshalling drive cylinder, and the marshalling drive cylinder drives the U-shaped rocker arm and the synchronous shaft of the marshalling positioning block to swing, and the rigidity of each U-shaped rocker arm and the synchronous shaft of the marshalling positioning block Connect to ensure that each U-shaped rocker arm swings synchronously.
在所述的编组定位挡块同步轴的端部安装有用于检测编组定位挡块移动距离的角度位移编码器。An angular displacement encoder for detecting the moving distance of the grouping positioning block is installed at the end of the synchronous shaft of the grouping positioning block.
所述的编组小车设置编组小车车架,在所述的在编组小车车架上分别设置与输送链收集架对应的编组托架支座,编组托架可在托架支座上下移动;每个编组托架由相应的提升升降机驱动。The marshalling trolley is provided with a marshalling trolley frame, and the marshalling bracket support corresponding to the conveying chain collection rack is respectively set on the marshalling trolley frame, and the marshalling bracket can move up and down on the bracket support; The marshalling carriages are driven by corresponding lifting elevators.
所述的编组小车由小车油缸驱动。The grouping trolley is driven by a trolley oil cylinder.
所述的小车油缸设置油缸位移传感器,所述的油缸位移传感器检测油缸活塞杆位置来控制编组小车的移动位置。The oil cylinder of the trolley is equipped with a cylinder displacement sensor, and the displacement sensor of the oil cylinder detects the position of the piston rod of the oil cylinder to control the moving position of the marshalling trolley.
所述的小车油缸通过耳轴与油缸底座连接并固定在设备地基上。The trolley oil cylinder is connected with the oil cylinder base through a trunnion and fixed on the equipment foundation.
每台所述的提升升降机输入端均与同步联轴器连接;所述的同步联轴器由一台T型电机减速机组驱动,保证了各个编组托架升降的同步。The input end of each lifting elevator is connected with a synchronous coupling; the synchronous coupling is driven by a T-type motor reduction unit, which ensures the synchronization of the lifting of each marshalling bracket.
所述的编组小车车架分别设有两组地轨滚轮组和两组侧轨滚轮组,并分别使编组小车在小车地轨移动;小车侧轨及侧轨滚轮组保证编组小车在移动过程中不发生倾斜。The frame of the marshalling trolley is provided with two sets of ground rail roller sets and two sets of side rail roller sets respectively, and respectively makes the marshalling trolley move on the ground rail of the trolley; the side rails of the trolley and the side rail roller sets ensure that the marshalling trolley Tilting does not occur.
所述的正码机构采用平行并列的两个双摇杆机构,该双摇杆机构包括正码底座、正码第一杆件、正码连接杆和正码第二杆件;所述的正码底座为该双摇杆机构的机架;所述的正码第一杆件和正码第二杆件为该双摇杆机构的摇杆;所述的正码连接杆为该双摇杆机构的连杆。The positive code mechanism adopts two double rocker mechanisms parallel to each other, and the double rocker mechanism includes a positive code base, a positive code first rod, a positive code connecting rod and a positive code second rod; the positive code The base is the frame of the double rocker mechanism; the first rod member of the positive code and the second rod member of the positive code are the rocking rods of the double rocker mechanism; the connecting rod of the positive code is the rocker of the double rocker mechanism. link.
在所述的正码连接杆的尾端吊挂正码梁,将正码电磁吸盘固定在正码梁上。Hang the positive code beam at the tail end of the positive code connecting rod, and fix the positive code electromagnetic sucker on the positive code beam.
所述的正码机构通过正码油缸驱动正码第一杆件实现正码电磁吸盘作近似水平移动;The positive code mechanism drives the first rod member of the positive code through the positive code oil cylinder to realize the approximate horizontal movement of the positive code electromagnetic sucker;
当正码电磁吸盘移动到堆垛升降台上方时,正码电磁吸盘失电,型钢依靠重力作用落放到堆垛升降台上,完成型钢正码码垛动作。When the positive code electromagnetic sucker moves to the top of the stacking lifting platform, the positive code electromagnetic sucker loses power, and the section steel falls on the stacking lifting platform by gravity to complete the positive stacking and palletizing action of the section steel.
所述的正码机构设置正码姿态控制第一杆件、正码姿态控制第二杆件和正码姿态控制连接杆;所述的正码底座、正码姿态控制第一杆件、正码姿态控制第二杆件、正码姿态控制连接杆和正码梁吊杆组成两个个平行四连杆机构,使正码电磁吸盘在正码码垛过程中始终保持水平姿态。The positive code mechanism is provided with the first rod for positive code attitude control, the second rod for positive code attitude control and the connecting rod for positive code attitude control; the positive code base, the first rod for positive code attitude control, and the positive code attitude control Control the second rod, positive code attitude control connecting rod and positive code beam suspender to form two parallel four-bar linkages, so that the positive code electromagnetic sucker always maintains a horizontal posture during the positive code stacking process.
所述的正码机构设置正码同步轴,所述的正码同步轴使两套正码第一杆件在旋转过程中角度刚性同步。The positive code mechanism is provided with a positive code synchronous shaft, and the positive code synchronous shaft makes the angular rigidity synchronization of the two sets of positive code first rods during the rotation process.
在所述的正码第一杆件转轴端部设有检测正正码第一杆件摆动角度的旋转编码器。A rotary encoder for detecting the swing angle of the first rod member of positive code is arranged at the end of the rotating shaft of the first rod member of positive code.
所述的两个双摇杆机构通过正码加强杆件连接。The two double rocker mechanisms are connected through positive code reinforcing rods.
所述的正码机构由两个正码底座支撑并按一定的位置固定在设备基础上。The positive code mechanism is supported by two positive code bases and fixed on the equipment foundation at a certain position.
所述的反码机构设置多个底座;在每个底座上设有反码轴承座,将反码传动轴安装在所述的反码轴承座中;每根反码传动轴通过刚性联轴器连接成一体。The reverse code mechanism is provided with a plurality of bases; each base is provided with a reverse code bearing seat, and the reverse code transmission shaft is installed in the described reverse code bearing seat; each reverse code transmission shaft passes through a rigid coupling connected into one.
在每个所述的反码传动轴上安装有反码电磁吸盘支架,在反码电磁吸盘支架上固定设置反码电磁吸盘;所述的反码电磁吸盘支架与反码传动轴刚性连接,跟随反码传动轴一起旋转。An anti-code electromagnetic chuck support is installed on each of the anti-code transmission shafts, and an anti-code electromagnetic suction cup is fixedly arranged on the anti-code electromagnetic suction cup bracket; Inverted drive shafts rotate together.
在所述的反码机构的两端设有摆动液压缸,双端驱动保证机构有足够的驱动力。Swing hydraulic cylinders are arranged at both ends of the anti-code mechanism, and the double-end drive ensures that the mechanism has sufficient driving force.
在其中一个摆动液压缸上安装用于检测摆动液压缸旋转角度的旋转编码器。A rotary encoder for detecting the rotation angle of the swing hydraulic cylinder is installed on one of the swing hydraulic cylinders.
每台堆垛升降台上设有驱动堆垛升降托架上下运动的螺旋升降机。Each stacking lifting platform is provided with a screw elevator that drives the stacking lifting bracket to move up and down.
每台所述的螺旋升降机的输入端由同步连接轴串联在一起。The input ends of each described screw jack are connected in series by a synchronous connection shaft.
在两端的堆垛升降台上设有使得每台堆垛升降托架能同步上下运动的驱动电机。The stacking lifting platforms at both ends are provided with drive motors that enable each stacking lifting bracket to move up and down synchronously.
在所述的驱动电机的输出端设有圈数计数器,通过计算电机的圈数来控制堆垛升降托架定距下降的距离。A turn counter is provided at the output end of the driving motor, and the distance of the fixed-distance descent of the stacking lifting bracket is controlled by counting the number of turns of the motor.
所述的反码机构和堆垛升降台共用一个底座。The anti-code mechanism and the stacking lifting platform share a base.
在所述的堆垛升降托架的两端设有滚动导轨块,使之在底座上的导轨能直线移动。Rolling guide rail blocks are arranged at both ends of the stacking lifting bracket, so that the guide rails on the base can move linearly.
所述的垛包移送辊道设置多个辊道底座;在每个辊道底座上安装两根移送辊,每根移送辊的两端装有辊道轴承座,移送辊通过所述的轴承座固定在辊道底座上。The stack transfer roller table is provided with a plurality of roller table bases; two transfer rollers are installed on each roller table base, and the two ends of each transfer roller are equipped with roller table bearing seats, and the transfer rollers pass through the bearing seats Fixed on the base of the roller table.
在所述的移送辊的输入轴上装有两片同规格链轮组成的链轮组,各两两对应链轮用传动链条组成封闭的传动链结构。The input shaft of the transfer roller is provided with a sprocket set composed of two sprockets of the same specification, and two pairs of corresponding sprockets use transmission chains to form a closed transmission chain structure.
垛包移送辊道设置辊道电机减速机;所述的辊道电机减速机通过弹性联轴器驱动其中一组移送辊,通过所述的传动链结构使每个移送辊同步旋转。A roller motor reducer is provided on the stack transfer roller table; the roller table motor reducer drives one group of transfer rollers through an elastic coupling, and each transfer roller rotates synchronously through the transmission chain structure.
所述的辊道底座上设有防止垛包在移送过程中发生倾斜并与堆垛升降台部件相碰的防护板。The base of the roller table is provided with a protective plate that prevents the stacks from tilting and colliding with the parts of the stacking lifting platform during the transfer process.
所述的辊道电机减速机通过减速机底座安装在设备地基上。The roller table motor reducer is installed on the equipment foundation through the reducer base.
为了实现与上述技术方案相同的发明目的,本发明还提供了以上所述的全自动型钢码垛机的码垛方法,其码垛工艺流程是:In order to achieve the same invention purpose as the above-mentioned technical solution, the present invention also provides the stacking method of the above-mentioned fully automatic section steel stacker, and its stacking process is:
编组挡块组件根据型钢规格移动到设定的位置,变频控制的码垛输送收集链架收集成品型钢码垛最小数量;The marshalling block assembly moves to the set position according to the profile steel specifications, and the palletizing, conveying and collecting chain frame controlled by frequency conversion collects the minimum quantity of finished profile steel stacking;
根据型钢规格和长度,编组托架上升,分离出指定的码垛型钢;According to the specifications and length of the section steel, the marshalling bracket rises to separate the specified stacking section steel;
编组小车将编好的型钢运送到正码待料位;The marshalling trolley transports the marshaled section steel to the positive code waiting position;
编组托架将型钢托举到正码电磁吸盘,正码电磁吸盘得电;The marshalling bracket lifts the section steel to the positive code electromagnetic chuck, and the positive code electromagnetic chuck is energized;
编组托架下降,正码电磁吸盘吸持型钢;The marshalling bracket is lowered, and the positive code electromagnetic sucker holds the steel;
编组小车回编组位,为第二次编组准备;正码机构平移作运动至放料位,型钢水平搬运;The marshalling trolley returns to the marshalling position to prepare for the second marshalling; the positive code mechanism moves in translation to the discharge position, and the section steel is transported horizontally;
编组小车第二次编组,正码电磁吸盘失电,型钢完成正码码垛,正码机构回待料位;The marshalling trolley is grouped for the second time, the positive code electromagnetic sucker is de-energized, the profile steel completes the positive code palletizing, and the positive code mechanism returns to the waiting material level;
编组小车水平移动至反码待料位;The marshalling trolley moves horizontally to the reverse code waiting position;
编组托架下降,堆垛升降台作定距下降动作;The marshalling bracket is lowered, and the stacking lifting platform is lowered at a fixed distance;
反码电磁吸盘得电,反码机构翻转动作;编组小车回编组位,为下次编组准备;The anti-code electromagnetic sucker is energized, and the anti-code mechanism flips; the marshalling trolley returns to the marshalling position to prepare for the next marshalling;
反码电磁吸盘失电,型钢扣压在上次正码的型钢上,完成反码码垛;反码机构再翻转回待料位动作;The anti-code electromagnetic chuck loses power, and the section steel is buckled and pressed on the last positive-coded section steel to complete the anti-code stacking; the anti-code mechanism then flips back to the waiting material position;
系统循环工作,直至达到设定的垛型;The system works cyclically until it reaches the set stack shape;
垛包落放到垛包移送辊道上,移至打捆位。The stacks are dropped onto the stack transfer roller table and moved to the bundling position.
本发明采用上述技术方案,采用机电液一体化编组模式,克服了现有技术中型钢机械编组方法存在的效率低、需要现场人工调节、通用性差以及小型钢无法编组的缺陷;使全自动型钢码垛机与轧线无缝对接,与之配套的自动打捆机和成品输送系统,实现型钢的自动码垛,进而实现工厂生产过程的全自动无人化;具有编组快速精准、效率高、通用性好的特点,解决多品种、多规格型钢码垛工艺技术要求,在一台设备上通过选择型钢的种类、规格和长度就可实现角钢、H型钢、槽钢、工字钢、轨道钢、方钢及扁钢的码垛,新颖的正码机构设计可对超长规格的型钢进行自动码垛,是一种型钢码垛方法的创新设计,具有广泛的市场推广价值。提升企业生产工艺技术水品,降低运行成本,更好地控制产品质量,经济效益显著。The present invention adopts the above-mentioned technical scheme and adopts the electromechanical-hydraulic integrated marshalling mode, which overcomes the defects of the existing medium-shaped steel mechanical marshalling method, such as low efficiency, the need for on-site manual adjustment, poor versatility, and the inability to marshal small steel; The stacker and the rolling line are seamlessly connected, and the matching automatic strapping machine and finished product conveying system realize the automatic palletizing of section steel, and then realize the fully automatic and unmanned production process of the factory; it has fast and accurate grouping, high efficiency, and universal It has the characteristics of good performance and solves the technical requirements of multi-variety and multi-standard steel stacking technology. By selecting the type, specification and length of steel, it can realize angle steel, H-shaped steel, channel steel, I-beam, rail steel, For the palletizing of square steel and flat steel, the novel positive code mechanism design can automatically palletize ultra-long profile steel. It is an innovative design of profile steel palletizing method and has extensive market promotion value. Improve the quality of enterprise production technology, reduce operating costs, better control product quality, and have significant economic benefits.
附图说明Description of drawings
附图所示内容及图中的标记简要说明如下:A brief description of the content shown in the drawings and the marks in the drawings is as follows:
图1是本发明的侧视图;Fig. 1 is a side view of the present invention;
图2是图1中输送链收集架结构示意图;Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the conveyor chain collection frame in Fig. 1;
图3是图1中编组定位挡块结构示意图;Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the marshalling positioning block in Fig. 1;
图4是图1中编组小车结构示意图;Fig. 4 is the structural representation of marshalling dolly among Fig. 1;
图5是图1中正码机构结构示意图;Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the positive code mechanism in Fig. 1;
图6是图1中反码机构和堆垛升降台结构示意图;Fig. 6 is a structural schematic diagram of the anti-code mechanism and the stacking lifting platform in Fig. 1;
图7是图1中垛包移送辊道结构示意图。Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the stack transfer roller table in Fig. 1 .
图8至图20是码垛工艺流程各机构动作状态图:Figures 8 to 20 are action state diagrams of each mechanism in the palletizing process:
图8:编组挡块组件根据型钢规格移动到设定的位置,变频控制的码垛输送收集链架收集成品型钢码垛最小数量;Figure 8: The marshalling block assembly moves to the set position according to the profile steel specifications, and the palletizing conveying and collecting chain rack controlled by frequency conversion collects the minimum quantity of finished profile steel pallets;
图9:根据型钢规格和长度,编组托架上升,分离出指定的码垛槽型钢;Figure 9: According to the steel specification and length, the marshalling bracket rises to separate the specified stacking channel steel;
图10:编组小车将编好的型钢运送到正码待料位;Figure 10: The marshalling trolley transports the braided section steel to the positive code waiting position;
图11:编组托架将型钢托举到正码电磁吸盘,正码电磁吸盘得电;Figure 11: The marshalling bracket lifts the section steel to the positive code electromagnetic chuck, and the positive code electromagnetic chuck is energized;
图12:编组托架下降,正码电磁吸盘吸持型钢;Figure 12: The marshalling bracket is lowered, and the positive code electromagnetic sucker holds the section steel;
图13:编组小车回编组位,为第二次编组准备,正码机构平移作运动至放料位,型钢水平搬运;Figure 13: The marshalling trolley returns to the marshalling position to prepare for the second marshalling, the positive code mechanism moves in translation to the discharge position, and the section steel is transported horizontally;
图14;编组小车第二次编组,正码电磁吸盘失电,型钢完成正码码垛,正码机构回待料位;Figure 14: The second marshalling of the marshalling trolley, the positive code electromagnetic chuck loses power, the section steel completes the positive code stacking, and the positive code mechanism returns to the waiting material level;
图15:编组小车水平移动至反码待料位;Figure 15: The marshalling trolley moves horizontally to the reverse code waiting position;
图16:编组托架下降,堆垛升降台作定距下降动作;Figure 16: The marshalling bracket descends, and the stacking lifting platform performs a fixed-distance descending action;
图17:反码电磁吸盘得电,反码机构翻转动作;编组小车回编组位,为下次编组准备;Figure 17: The anti-code electromagnetic chuck is energized, and the anti-code mechanism flips over; the marshalling trolley returns to the marshalling position to prepare for the next marshalling;
图18:反码电磁吸盘失电,型钢扣压在上次正码的型钢上,完成反码码垛;反码机构翻转回待料位动作;Figure 18: The anti-code electromagnetic chuck loses power, and the section steel is buckled and pressed on the last positive-coded section steel to complete the anti-code stacking; the anti-code mechanism flips back to the waiting material level;
图19:系统循环工作,直至达到设定的垛型;Figure 19: The system works cyclically until it reaches the set stack shape;
图20:垛包落放到垛包移送辊道上,移至打捆位;Figure 20: The stacked bag is dropped onto the stacked bag transfer roller table and moved to the bundling position;
图21是本发明的工艺流程图。Figure 21 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
图中标记为:Labeled in the figure:
1、输送链收集架;2、编组定位(挡块)机构;3、编组小车;4、正码机构;5、反码机构;6、堆垛升降台;7、垛包移送辊道;1. Conveyor chain collection frame; 2. Marshalling positioning (stopper) mechanism; 3. Marshalling trolley; 4. Positive code mechanism; 5. Inverse code mechanism; 6. Stacking lifting platform;
1-1、收集架本体;1-2、输送链条;1-3、主传动同步联轴器;1-4、电机减速机;1-5、从动链轮组件;1-6、收集架底座;1-7、张紧链轮组件;1-8、主传动链轮组件;1-9、从动链轮组件;1-10、收集架底座;1-11、从动链轮组件;1-1. Collection frame body; 1-2. Conveyor chain; 1-3. Main drive synchronous coupling; 1-4. Motor reducer; 1-5. Driven sprocket assembly; 1-6. Collection frame Base; 1-7, tensioning sprocket assembly; 1-8, main drive sprocket assembly; 1-9, driven sprocket assembly; 1-10, collection frame base; 1-11, driven sprocket assembly;
2-1、编组定位挡块底座;2-2、角度位移编码器;2-3、编组定位挡块同步轴;2-4、编组定位挡块同步轴轴承座;2-5、U型口摇臂;2-6、滑轴滚轮轴组件;2-7、滑移轴;2-8、编组挡块组件;2-9、编组驱动油缸;2-1, Marshalling positioning block base; 2-2, Angle displacement encoder; 2-3, Marshalling positioning block synchronous shaft; 2-4, Marshalling positioning block synchronous shaft bearing housing; 2-5, U-shaped mouth Rocker arm; 2-6, sliding shaft roller shaft assembly; 2-7, sliding shaft; 2-8, marshalling block assembly; 2-9, marshalling drive cylinder;
3-1、编组小车车架;3-2、编组托架支座;3-3、编组托架;3-4、提升升降机;3-5、小车油缸;3-6、油缸底座;3-7、同步联轴器;3-8、T型电机减速机组;3-9、小车地轨;3-10、小车侧轨;3-1. Marshalling car frame; 3-2. Marshalling bracket support; 3-3. Marshalling bracket; 3-4. Lifting elevator; 3-5. Car cylinder; 3-6. Oil cylinder base; 3- 7. Synchronous coupling; 3-8, T-type motor reduction unit; 3-9, trolley ground rail; 3-10, trolley side rail;
4-1、正码底座;4-2、正码第一杆件;4-3、正码连接杆;4-4、正码第二杆件;4-5、正码姿态控制第一杆件;4-6、正码姿态控制第二杆件;4-7、正码姿态控制连接杆;4-8、正码梁;4-9、正码油缸;4-10、正码同步轴;4-11、正码加强杆件;4-12、正码电磁吸盘;4-13旋转编码器;4-1, positive size base; 4-2, positive size first rod; 4-3, positive size connecting rod; 4-4, positive size second rod; 4-5, positive size attitude control first rod 4-6, the second bar for positive code attitude control; 4-7, positive code attitude control connecting rod; 4-8, positive code beam; 4-9, positive code oil cylinder; 4-10, positive code synchronous shaft ; 4-11, positive code reinforcement rod; 4-12, positive code electromagnetic sucker; 4-13 rotary encoder;
5-1、底座;5-2、反码电磁吸盘;5-3、反码电磁吸盘支架;5-4、反码轴承座;5-5、反码传动轴;5-6、刚性联轴器;5-7、摆动液压缸;5-8、旋转编码器;5-1. Base; 5-2. Reverse code electromagnetic sucker; 5-3. Reverse code electromagnetic sucker bracket; 5-4. Reverse code bearing seat; 5-5. Reverse code drive shaft; 5-6. Rigid coupling Device; 5-7, swing hydraulic cylinder; 5-8, rotary encoder;
6-1、堆垛升降台电机;6-2、螺旋升降机;6-3、堆垛升降托架;6-4、同步连接轴;6-1. Motor for stacking and lifting table; 6-2. Spiral elevator; 6-3. Stacking and lifting bracket; 6-4. Synchronous connection shaft;
7-1、辊道底座;7-2、移送辊;7-3、辊道轴承座;7-4、链轮组;7-5、传动链条;7-6、辊道电机减速机;7-7、减速机底座;7-8、弹性联轴器;7-9、防护板。7-1. Roller table base; 7-2. Transfer roller; 7-3. Roller table bearing seat; 7-4. Sprocket set; 7-5. Transmission chain; 7-6. Roller table motor reducer; 7 -7, reducer base; 7-8, elastic coupling; 7-9, protective plate.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面对照附图,通过对实施例的描述,对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细的说明,以帮助本领域的技术人员对本发明的发明构思、技术方案有更完整、准确和深入的理解。The specific implementation of the present invention will be described in further detail below by describing the embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, so as to help those skilled in the art have a more complete, accurate and in-depth understanding of the inventive concepts and technical solutions of the present invention.
本发明的全自动型钢码垛机包括输送链收集架1、编组定位(挡块)机构2、编组小车3、正码机构4、反码机构5、堆垛升降台6、垛包移送辊道7。The fully automatic section steel palletizer of the present invention comprises a conveyor chain collection frame 1, a marshalling positioning (stopper) mechanism 2, a marshalling trolley 3, a positive code mechanism 4, a negative code mechanism 5, a stacking lifting platform 6, and a stacking bag transfer roller table 7.
具体分析如下:The specific analysis is as follows:
一、如图1所示的本发明的结构,为全自动型钢码垛机的总体结构,该全自动码垛机包括型钢输送机构、码垛机构;以及将垛包移出码垛工位的垛包移送辊道7。One, the structure of the present invention as shown in Figure 1 is the overall structure of a fully automatic profiled steel palletizer, which includes a profiled steel conveying mechanism and a stacking mechanism; Package transfer roller table 7.
为了解决现有技术存在的问题并克服其缺陷,实现型钢码垛的自动化的发明目的,本发明采取的技术方案为:In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art and overcome its defects, realize the purpose of the invention of the automation of section steel palletizing, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is:
如图1所示,本发明的全自动型钢码垛机,在所述的型钢输送机构与垛包移送辊道7之间设置用于型钢自动编组的编组小车3。As shown in FIG. 1 , in the fully automatic section steel palletizer of the present invention, a marshalling trolley 3 for automatic grouping of section steel is arranged between the section steel conveying mechanism and the stack transfer roller table 7 .
所述的编组小车3是指用来对在输送链收集架排列一起的型钢中编出正码或反码所需要一定数量的型钢,并运送到正码机构待料位或反码机构待料位移动小车装置。The marshalling trolley 3 refers to a certain amount of section steels required for weaving positive codes or reverse codes in the profiled steels arranged together on the conveyor chain collection rack, and transports them to the positive code mechanism waiting position or the reverse code mechanism to wait for material. Bit mobile trolley device.
所述的码垛机构包括:将编组好的型钢运送到正码待料位置的正码机构4;将已编组的型钢翻转后运送至反码待料位置的反码机构5。The palletizing mechanism includes: a positive code mechanism 4 that transports the grouped section steel to the positive code waiting position; and an inverse code mechanism 5 that turns the grouped section steel over and transports it to the reverse code waiting position.
所述正码机构是指编组小车上的编组好的型钢运送到正码待料,编组托架上升,将型钢托举到正码电磁吸盘工作面,通过电磁吸盘搬运到堆垛升降台6上,完成形钢码垛过程中的正码动作。The positive code mechanism means that the marshaled section steel on the marshalling trolley is transported to the positive code for material, the marshalling bracket rises, and the profile steel is lifted to the working surface of the positive code electromagnetic chuck, and is transported to the stacking lifting platform 6 by the electromagnetic chuck , to complete the positive code action in the process of steel palletizing.
所述的反码机构5指编组小车3运送来的已编组的型钢吸持后通过翻转180°,使型钢扣压在放在堆垛升降台6上的型钢垛包上,以上动作称之为型钢反码码垛动作。The reverse code mechanism 5 refers to the marshalled section steel transported by the marshalling trolley 3, which is sucked and turned over 180°, so that the section steel is buckled and pressed on the section steel stack bag placed on the stacking lifting platform 6, and the above actions are called section steel. Inverse code palletizing action.
在所述的垛包移送辊道7的位置设置堆垛升降台6。A stacking lifting platform 6 is arranged at the position of the stack transfer roller table 7 .
所述的堆垛升降台6是指在码垛过程中承载垛包重量的装置,同时在码垛过程中还具有定距下降的功能,这样保证垛包上表面在码垛过程中维持恒定的高度,当垛包达到设定的要求是,机构快速下降,将垛包落放在垛包移送辊道7上,通过垛包移送辊道7将垛包移出型钢码垛机。The stacking lifting platform 6 refers to the device that carries the weight of the stacking package during the stacking process, and also has the function of falling at a fixed distance during the stacking process, so as to ensure that the upper surface of the stacking package maintains a constant level during the stacking process. When the stack reaches the set requirement, the mechanism quickly descends, puts the stack on the stack transfer roller table 7, and moves the stack out of the steel palletizer through the stack transfer roller table 7.
所述的型钢输送机构设置输送链收集架1。The section steel conveying mechanism is provided with a conveying chain collecting frame 1 .
所述的输送链收集架1是指布置在轧线输送辊道侧面的输送机构,其功能是收集成品的型钢并通过输送链条与型钢之间的摩擦力使型钢整齐并列收集在编组工位。The conveying chain collection frame 1 refers to the conveying mechanism arranged on the side of the rolling line conveying roller table, its function is to collect the finished steel profiles and make the steel profiles neatly juxtaposed and collected at the marshalling station through the friction between the conveyor chain and the steel profiles.
二、图2是输送链收集架1结构示意图。2. Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the conveyor chain collecting frame 1.
输送链收集架1根据产品的长度规格各并列设置不等数量的输送链收集架,输送链通过主动链轮驱动。Conveyor chain collecting frame 1 is respectively arranged side by side according to the length specification of product the conveying chain collecting frame of unequal quantity, and conveying chain is driven by driving sprocket.
为了保证各输送链收集架同步,主动链轮的驱动端由同步联轴器串联而成并由一个变频控制电机减速机驱动。在输送链收集架上安装有编组定位机构。In order to ensure the synchronization of the collection frames of each conveyor chain, the drive end of the driving sprocket is connected in series by a synchronous coupling and driven by a frequency conversion control motor reducer. A marshalling positioning mechanism is installed on the conveyor chain collecting frame.
所述的输送链收集架1设置按照型钢的长度并列等距排列的收集架本体1-1,并通过收集架底座1-6、收集架底座1-10固定在设备地基上。The conveying chain collection frame 1 is provided with a collection frame body 1-1 arranged side by side and equidistantly according to the length of the section steel, and is fixed on the equipment foundation through the collection frame base 1-6 and the collection frame base 1-10.
所述的输送链收集架1设置输送链条1-2、从动链轮组件1-5、从动链轮组件1-9、从动链轮组件1-11、张紧链轮组件1-7和主传动链轮组件1-8,所述的输送链条1-2与从动链轮组件1-5、从动链轮组件1-9、从动链轮组件1-11、张紧链轮组件1-7和主传动链轮组件1-8组成一组链式输送传动机构;The conveying chain collection rack 1 is provided with a conveying chain 1-2, a driven sprocket assembly 1-5, a driven sprocket assembly 1-9, a driven sprocket assembly 1-11, and a tensioning sprocket assembly 1-7 And main drive sprocket assembly 1-8, described conveyor chain 1-2 and driven sprocket assembly 1-5, driven sprocket assembly 1-9, driven sprocket assembly 1-11, tensioning sprocket Components 1-7 and main drive sprocket components 1-8 form a group of chain conveyor transmission mechanisms;
所述的输送链收集架1设置电机减速机1-4,所述的电机减速机1-4通过主传动同步联轴器1-3驱动上述链式输送传动机构同步运转。The conveying chain collection rack 1 is provided with a motor reducer 1-4, and the motor reducer 1-4 drives the above-mentioned chain conveying transmission mechanism to run synchronously through the main drive synchronous coupling 1-3.
三、图3是编组定位挡块2的结构示意图。3. FIG. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the marshalling positioning block 2.
在输送链收集架1机构上还装有编组定位挡块机构(编组定位挡块2),所述的编组定位挡块2通过编组定位挡块底座2-1与收集架本体1-1进行螺栓连接。On the conveying chain collecting rack 1 mechanism, a marshalling positioning block mechanism (marshalling positioning block 2) is also housed, and the marshalling positioning block 2 is bolted by the marshalling positioning block base 2-1 and the collecting rack body 1-1. connect.
所述的编组定位机构设置编组定位挡块同步轴轴承座2-4,编组定位挡块同步轴轴承座2-4固定在收集架底座1-10上。The marshalling positioning mechanism is provided with a marshalling positioning block synchronous shaft bearing seat 2-4, and the marshalling positioning block synchronous shaft bearing seat 2-4 is fixed on the collecting frame base 1-10.
所述的编组定位机构设置保证各个编组定位挡块2同步移动的编组定位挡块同步轴2-3,所述的编组定位挡块同步轴2-3安装在各个编组定位挡块同步轴轴承座2-4上。保证了各个编组定位挡块同步移动。The grouping positioning mechanism is provided with a grouping positioning block synchronous shaft 2-3 that ensures that each grouping positioning block 2 moves synchronously, and the described grouping positioning block synchronizing shaft 2-3 is installed on each grouping positioning block synchronous shaft bearing seat 2-4 on. It is ensured that each group positioning block moves synchronously.
所述的编组定位机构是固定在输送链收集架本体上一套液压缸驱动的可直线移动的定位挡块系统。The marshalling positioning mechanism is a linearly movable positioning block system driven by a hydraulic cylinder and fixed on the conveyor chain collecting frame body.
液压缸驱动摆臂使连接定位挡块滑移轴在摆臂滑槽内移动。通过检测摇杆转动的角度来实现控制定位挡块的移动距离,不同的定位挡块位置决定了不同规格型钢的编组位置,同一规格型钢正码和反码编组位置也有编组定位机构决定的。固定在每个输送链收集架上的编组定位机构的摆臂由通长的刚性轴串联,保证每个摆臂旋转角度同步,使得各个挡块移动位置一致。The hydraulic cylinder drives the swing arm to make the sliding shaft connected to the positioning block move in the swing arm chute. The movement distance of the positioning block is controlled by detecting the rotation angle of the rocker. Different positioning block positions determine the marshalling position of different specifications of steel. The swing arms of the marshalling positioning mechanism fixed on each conveyor chain collecting frame are connected in series by a long rigid shaft to ensure that the rotation angles of each swing arm are synchronized, so that the moving positions of each stopper are consistent.
所述的编组定位机构设置编组驱动油缸2-9,所述的编组定位挡块机构固定在输送链收集架本体1-1上。The grouping positioning mechanism is provided with a grouping drive cylinder 2-9, and the grouping positioning block mechanism is fixed on the conveyor chain collecting frame body 1-1.
所述的编组驱动油缸2-9驱动所述的U型口摇臂2-5以及编组定位挡块同步轴2-3摆动,每个U型口摇臂2-5与编组定位挡块同步轴2-3刚性连接,保证各个U型口摇臂2-5同步摆动。The group drive cylinder 2-9 drives the U-shaped rocker arm 2-5 and the group positioning block synchronous shaft 2-3 to swing, and each U-shaped rocker arm 2-5 and the group positioning block synchronous shaft 2-3 rigid connection ensures that each U-shaped rocker arm 2-5 swings synchronously.
在所述的编组定位挡块底座2-1上设有滑移轴2-7;在所述的滑移轴2-7的两端安装有滑轴滚轮组件2-6和编组挡块组件2-8;A sliding shaft 2-7 is provided on the base 2-1 of the grouping positioning block; a sliding shaft roller assembly 2-6 and a grouping block assembly 2 are installed at both ends of the sliding shaft 2-7 -8;
所述的滑轴滚轮组件2-6中的滚轮安装在U型口摇臂2-5中的U型槽口内,使滑轴滚轮组件2-6能随着U型口摇臂2-5的摆动作水平移动,将U型口摇臂2-5的旋转运动转换成滑轴滚轮组件2-6的水平直线运动;所述的轴滚轮组件2-6驱动滑移轴2-7以及固定在滑移轴2-7上的编组挡块组件2-8作水平移动。The rollers in the sliding shaft and roller assembly 2-6 are installed in the U-shaped notch in the U-shaped rocker arm 2-5, so that the sliding shaft and roller assembly 2-6 can follow the movement of the U-shaped rocking arm 2-5. The swinging action moves horizontally, converting the rotary motion of the U-shaped rocker arm 2-5 into the horizontal linear motion of the sliding shaft roller assembly 2-6; the shaft roller assembly 2-6 drives the sliding shaft 2-7 and is fixed on the Group block assembly 2-8 on the slip shaft 2-7 moves horizontally.
在编组定位挡块同步轴2-3端部装有角度位移编码器2-2,检测U型口摇臂2-5的摆动角度,最终达到控制编组挡块组件2-8移动位置,即用来检测编组定位挡块2移动的距离的目的。An angular displacement encoder 2-2 is installed at the end of the synchronous shaft 2-3 of the marshalling positioning block to detect the swing angle of the U-shaped rocker arm 2-5, and finally achieve the control of the moving position of the marshalling block assembly 2-8. To detect the purpose of the distance that the group positioning block 2 moves.
四、图4是编组小车3的结构示意图。Four, Fig. 4 is the structural representation of marshalling dolly 3.
所述的编组小车3是在地面固定轨道上可水平直线来回移动的小车,是型钢自动编组的关键部件。编组小车由带位置检测的液压缸驱动,编组小车3侧面设有导向轨道,保证小车在水平直线移动过程中不倾斜。在编组小车3上均布设有可上下运动的编组托架,由一套同步升降机构分别驱动各个编组托架,保证编组托架升降同步。The marshalling trolley 3 is a trolley that can move back and forth horizontally and straightly on a fixed track on the ground, and is a key component of the automatic marshalling of section steel. The marshalling trolley is driven by a hydraulic cylinder with position detection, and the side of the marshalling trolley 3 is provided with guide rails to ensure that the trolley does not tilt during horizontal and linear movement. Marshalling brackets that can move up and down are evenly distributed on the marshalling trolley 3, and each marshalling bracket is driven by a set of synchronous lifting mechanism to ensure that the marshalling brackets are lifted and lowered synchronously.
由电气控制系统控制编组托架不同的位置,实现编组分料、正码上料、反码落料不同的功能。编组小车3水平移动,把编组好的型钢分别送到正码待料位和反码待料位,驱动采用电液比例控制技术,实现速度快、定位准确、冲击小技术特点。The different positions of the marshalling bracket are controlled by the electrical control system to realize different functions of marshalling, positive code loading, and reverse code blanking. The marshalling trolley 3 moves horizontally, and sends the marshaled section steel to the positive code waiting position and the reverse code waiting position respectively, and the driving adopts electro-hydraulic proportional control technology to realize the technical characteristics of fast speed, accurate positioning and small impact.
小车油缸3-5通过耳轴与油缸底座3-6连接并固定在设备地基上。通过编组托架3-3垂直升降运动和小车水平运动实现码垛机编组、正码送料、反码送料不同的功能。The trolley oil cylinder 3-5 is connected with the oil cylinder base 3-6 through a trunnion and fixed on the equipment foundation. Through the 3-3 vertical lifting movement of the marshalling bracket and the horizontal movement of the trolley, different functions of palletizer marshalling, positive code feeding, and reverse code feeding are realized.
所述的编组小车3设置编组小车车架3-1,在所述的在编组小车车架3-1上分别设置与输送链收集架1对应的编组托架支座3-2,编组托架3-3可在托架支座3-2上下移动;每个编组托架3-3由相应的提升升降机3-4驱动。Described marshalling trolley 3 is provided with marshalling trolley vehicle frame 3-1, on described marshalling trolley vehicle frame 3-1, is respectively provided with marshalling bracket support 3-2 corresponding to conveyer chain collecting frame 1, marshalling bracket 3-3 can move up and down on the bracket support 3-2; each marshalling bracket 3-3 is driven by a corresponding lifting elevator 3-4.
所述的编组小车3由小车油缸3-5驱动。所述的小车油缸3-5设置油缸位移传感器,所述的油缸位移传感器检测油缸活塞杆位置来控制编组小车3的移动位置。Described marshalling dolly 3 is driven by dolly oil cylinder 3-5. The oil cylinder 3-5 of the trolley is provided with a cylinder displacement sensor, and the displacement sensor of the oil cylinder detects the position of the piston rod of the oil cylinder to control the moving position of the marshalling trolley 3 .
所述的小车油缸3-5通过耳轴与油缸底座3-6连接并固定在设备地基上。The trolley oil cylinder 3-5 is connected with the oil cylinder base 3-6 through a trunnion and fixed on the equipment foundation.
每台所述的提升升降机3-4输入端均与同步联轴器3-7连接;所述的同步联轴器3-7由一台T型电机减速机组3-8驱动,保证了各个编组托架3-3升降的同步。The input end of each lifting elevator 3-4 is connected with the synchronous coupling 3-7; the synchronous coupling 3-7 is driven by a T-type motor reduction unit 3-8, which ensures that each group Synchronization of carriage 3-3 lifting.
所述的编组小车车架3-1分别设有两组地轨滚轮组和两组侧轨滚轮组,并分别使编组小车3在小车地轨3-9移动;小车侧轨3-10及侧轨滚轮组保证编组小车3在移动过程中不发生倾斜。The marshalling trolley frame 3-1 is provided with two sets of ground rail roller sets and two sets of side rail roller sets respectively, and makes the marshalling trolley 3 move on the trolley ground rails 3-9 respectively; the trolley side rails 3-10 and the side rails The rail roller group guarantees that the marshalling trolley 3 does not tilt during the moving process.
五、图5是正码机构4的结构示意图。Five, Fig. 5 is the structural representation of positive code mechanism 4.
所述的正码机构4是指编组小车3运送来的已编组的型钢吸持后平移到堆垛升降台6上,完成形钢正码码垛动作的机构。The positive code mechanism 4 refers to the mechanism that the grouped section steel transported by the marshalling trolley 3 is sucked and then moved to the stacking lifting platform 6 to complete the positive code stacking action of the section steel.
正码机构采用双摇杆机构,装有正码电磁吸盘吊挂在连杆末端,使正码梁作近似的水平直线运动,从而避免了正码平移时不必要的升降而产生的能量损耗。具体是:The positive code mechanism adopts a double rocker mechanism, and the positive code electromagnetic sucker is hung on the end of the connecting rod, so that the positive code beam can make an approximate horizontal and linear motion, thus avoiding the energy loss caused by unnecessary lifting when the positive code translates. specifically is:
所述的正码机构4采用平行并列的两个双摇杆机构,该双摇杆机构包括正码底座4-1、正码第一杆件4-2、正码连接杆4-3和正码第二杆件4-4;所述的正码底座4-1为该双摇杆机构的机架;所述的正码第一杆件4-2和正码第二杆件4-4为该双摇杆机构的摇杆;所述的正码连接杆4-3为该双摇杆机构的连杆。The positive code mechanism 4 adopts two double rocker mechanisms parallel to each other, and the double rocker mechanism includes a positive code base 4-1, a positive code first bar 4-2, a positive code connecting rod 4-3 and a positive code The second rod 4-4; the said positive code base 4-1 is the frame of the double rocker mechanism; the positive code first rod 4-2 and the positive code second rod 4-4 are the The rocking bar of double rocker mechanism; Described positive code connecting rod 4-3 is the connecting rod of this double rocker mechanism.
摇杆采用电液比例控制的液压缸驱动方式,并有角度位移传感器检测摇杆摆动的角度,从而控制正码电磁吸盘移动的距离。The rocker is driven by an electro-hydraulic proportional control hydraulic cylinder, and an angular displacement sensor detects the swing angle of the rocker, so as to control the moving distance of the positive code electromagnetic chuck.
在所述的正码连接杆4-3的尾端吊挂正码梁4-8,正码电磁吸盘4-12固定在正码梁4-8上。Hang the positive code beam 4-8 at the tail end of the positive code connecting rod 4-3, and the positive code electromagnetic sucker 4-12 is fixed on the positive code beam 4-8.
所述的正码机构4通过正码油缸4-9驱动正码第一杆件4-2实现正码电磁吸盘4-12作近似水平移动;The positive code mechanism 4 drives the positive code first bar 4-2 through the positive code oil cylinder 4-9 to realize the positive code electromagnetic chuck 4-12 to move approximately horizontally;
当正码电磁吸盘4-12移动到堆垛升降台6上方时,正码电磁吸盘4-12失电,型钢依靠重力作用落放到堆垛升降台6上,完成了型钢正码码垛动作。When the positive code electromagnetic sucker 4-12 moves to the top of the stacking lifting platform 6, the positive code electromagnetic sucker 4-12 loses power, and the section steel falls on the stacking lifting platform 6 by gravity, and the section steel positive stacking action is completed .
所述的正码机构4设置正码同步轴4-10,所述的正码同步轴4-10使两套正码第一杆件4-2在旋转过程中角度刚性同步。The positive code mechanism 4 is provided with a positive code synchronous shaft 4-10, and the positive code synchronous shaft 4-10 makes the angular rigidity synchronization of two sets of positive code first rods 4-2 during the rotation process.
在正码第一杆件4-2转轴端部设有旋转编码器4-13来检测正正码第一杆件4-2摆动的角度,达到控制正码电磁吸盘4-12移动的距离。A rotary encoder 4-13 is provided at the end of the rotating shaft of the first rod member 4-2 of the positive code to detect the swing angle of the first rod member 4-2 of the positive code, so as to reach the distance to control the movement of the positive code electromagnetic chuck 4-12.
在正码机构上还设有一平行四边形连杆机构,用来控制正码梁姿态,保证安装在正码梁上的电磁吸盘在移动过程中始终保持水平姿态。即:所述的正码机构4设置正码姿态控制第一杆件4-5、正码姿态控制第二杆件4-6和正码姿态控制连接杆4-7;所述的正码底座4-1、正码姿态控制第一杆件4-5、正码姿态控制第二杆件4-6、正码姿态控制连接杆4-7和正码梁4-8吊杆组成两个个平行四连杆机构,使正码电磁吸盘4-12在正码码垛过程中始终保持水平姿态,保证了码垛精度要求。A parallelogram link mechanism is also arranged on the positive code mechanism, which is used to control the posture of the positive code beam, so as to ensure that the electromagnetic sucker installed on the positive code beam always maintains a horizontal posture during the movement process. That is: the positive code mechanism 4 is provided with the positive code attitude control first rod 4-5, the positive code attitude control second rod 4-6 and the positive code attitude control connecting rod 4-7; the positive code base 4 -1, positive code attitude control first bar 4-5, positive code attitude control second rod 4-6, positive code attitude control connecting rod 4-7 and positive code beam 4-8 boom to form two parallel quad The connecting rod mechanism makes the positive code electromagnetic sucker 4-12 always maintain a horizontal posture during the positive code palletizing process, ensuring the palletizing accuracy requirements.
所述的两个双摇杆机构通过正码加强杆件4-11连接。The two double rocker mechanisms are connected through positive code reinforcing rods 4-11.
所述的正码机构4由两个正码底座4-1支撑并按一定的位置固定在设备基础上。Described positive code mechanism 4 is supported by two positive code bases 4-1 and fixed on the equipment foundation according to a certain position.
六、图6是反码机构5和堆垛升降台6的结构示意图。6. Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the inversion mechanism 5 and the stacking lifting platform 6.
所述的反码机构5是指编组小车3把编组好的型钢运送到反码待料位,编组托架下降,将型钢落放在反码电磁吸盘5-2上,通过反码翻转机构将吸持的型钢翻转180°,然后,反码电磁吸盘5-2断电,型钢扣压在正码型钢上,完成形钢码垛过程中的反码动作。Described anti-code mechanism 5 is meant that marshalling trolley 3 transports the shaped steel of marshalling to the anti-code waiting position, marshalling carriage descends, and profile steel is dropped on the anti-code electromagnetic sucker 5-2, and the anti-code turning mechanism will The section steel held is turned over 180°, and then the anti-code electromagnetic sucker 5-2 is powered off, and the section steel is buckled and pressed on the positive-code section steel to complete the anti-code action in the section steel stacking process.
位于机构两端的摆动液压缸驱动机构翻转动作,角度位移传感器检测机构摆动角度,采用电液比例控制技术,实现速度快、定位准确及冲击小特点。The swing hydraulic cylinders located at both ends of the mechanism drive the mechanism to turn over, and the angle displacement sensor detects the swing angle of the mechanism. The electro-hydraulic proportional control technology is used to realize the characteristics of fast speed, accurate positioning and small impact.
反码机构5和堆垛升降台6共用一个底座5-1,这样结构具有机构紧凑,占地面积小、定位精度高优点。The anti-code mechanism 5 and the stacking lifting platform 6 share a base 5-1, so that the structure has the advantages of compact structure, small footprint and high positioning accuracy.
所述的反码机构5设置多个底座5-1;在每个底座5-1上设有反码轴承座5-4,将反码传动轴5-5安装在所述的反码轴承座5-4中;每根反码传动轴5-5通过刚性联轴器5-6连接成一体。The reverse code mechanism 5 is provided with a plurality of bases 5-1; each base 5-1 is provided with a reverse code bearing seat 5-4, and the reverse code transmission shaft 5-5 is installed on the described reverse code bearing seat In 5-4; each anti-code transmission shaft 5-5 is connected into one body through a rigid coupling 5-6.
在每个所述的反码传动轴5-5上安装有反码电磁吸盘支架5-3,在反码电磁吸盘支架5-3上固定设置反码电磁吸盘5-2;所述的反码电磁吸盘支架5-3与反码传动轴5-5刚性连接,跟随反码传动轴5-5一起旋转。An anti-code electromagnetic sucker support 5-3 is installed on each described anti-code transmission shaft 5-5, and an anti-code electromagnetic chuck 5-2 is fixedly arranged on the anti-code electromagnetic sucker support 5-3; The electromagnetic sucker support 5-3 is rigidly connected with the anti-code transmission shaft 5-5, and rotates together with the anti-code transmission shaft 5-5.
在所述的反码机构5的两端设有摆动液压缸5-7,双端驱动保证机构有足够的驱动力。Swing hydraulic cylinders 5-7 are arranged at both ends of the inverse code mechanism 5, and the double-ended drive ensures that the mechanism has sufficient driving force.
在其中一个摆动液压缸5-7上安装用于检测摆动液压缸5-7旋转角度的旋转编码器5-8。通过检测摆动液压缸5-7旋转的角度,从而控制反码电磁吸盘5-2翻转角度。A rotary encoder 5-8 for detecting the rotation angle of the swing hydraulic cylinder 5-7 is installed on one of the swing hydraulic cylinders 5-7. By detecting the rotation angle of the swing hydraulic cylinder 5-7, the flip angle of the reverse code electromagnetic chuck 5-2 is controlled.
在每个底座5-1上还装有堆垛升降台6机构。On each base 5-1, stacking lift platform 6 mechanism is also housed.
所述的堆垛升降台是指型钢码垛过程中垛包成形的支撑平台,堆垛升降台在码垛过程中可以按照设定的参数定距下降,维持在码垛过程中垛面标高一定。The stacking lifting platform refers to the support platform for forming the stacked package during the section steel stacking process. The stacking lifting platform can be lowered according to the set parameters during the stacking process, and the stacking surface level can be maintained at a certain level during the stacking process. .
为了保证每个码垛升降台升降同步,每个驱动升降台托架的升降机输入端由同步联轴器连接,位于两端的变频电机同时驱动,检测电机的旋转圈数来控制堆垛升降台托架的高度。In order to ensure the synchronous lifting of each palletizing lift, the elevator input end of each driving lift bracket is connected by a synchronous coupling, and the frequency conversion motors at both ends are driven simultaneously, and the number of rotations of the motor is detected to control the stacking lift. shelf height.
每台堆垛升降台6上设有驱动堆垛升降托架6-3上下运动的螺旋升降机6-2。通过螺旋升降机6-2驱动堆垛升降托架6-3上下运动,Every stacking lifting platform 6 is provided with a screw elevator 6-2 that drives the stacking lifting bracket 6-3 to move up and down. Drive the stacking lifting bracket 6-3 to move up and down through the screw elevator 6-2,
在堆垛升降托架6-3两端设有滚动导轨块,使之在底座5-1上的导轨能直线移动。Rolling guide rail blocks are provided at both ends of the stacking lifting bracket 6-3, so that the guide rails on the base 5-1 can move linearly.
每台所述的螺旋升降机6-2的输入端由同步连接轴6-4串联在一起。The input ends of each described screw jack 6-2 are connected in series by a synchronous connecting shaft 6-4.
在两端的堆垛升降台6上设有使得每台堆垛升降托架6-3能同步上下运动的驱动电机6-1。使每台堆垛升降托架6-3能同步上下运动。The stacking lifting platform 6 at two ends is provided with the drive motor 6-1 that makes every stacking lifting bracket 6-3 can move up and down synchronously. Make every stacking lifting bracket 6-3 move up and down synchronously.
在所述的驱动电机6-1的输出端设有圈数计数器,通过计算电机的圈数来控制堆垛升降托架6-3定距下降的距离。The output end of the drive motor 6-1 is provided with a number of turns counter, and by counting the number of turns of the motor to control the distance of the stacking lifting bracket 6-3 at a fixed distance.
所述的反码机构5和堆垛升降台6共用一个底座5-1。The code inversion mechanism 5 and the stacking lifting platform 6 share a base 5-1.
在所述的堆垛升降托架6-3的两端设有滚动导轨块,使之在底座5-1上的导轨能直线移动。The two ends of described stacking lifting bracket 6-3 are provided with rolling guide rail block, make the guide rail on base 5-1 to move linearly.
七、图7是垛包移送辊道7的结构示意图。7. FIG. 7 is a structural schematic diagram of the stack transfer roller table 7.
所述垛包移送辊道7是指布置在堆垛升降台6之间的辊道组装置。在每台堆垛升降台6之间设有成品输送辊道7,当垛包成形后,堆垛升降台6快速下降,将垛包落放到垛包移送辊道7上,由垛包移送辊道7将垛包移送出堆垛升降台至打包工位。The stack transfer roller table 7 refers to a roller table group device arranged between the stacking lifting platforms 6 . There is a finished product conveying roller table 7 between each stacking lifting table 6. When the stacking bag is formed, the stacking lifting table 6 descends rapidly, and the stacking bag is dropped onto the stacking bag transfer roller table 7, and the stacking bag is transferred. The roller table 7 moves the stacked bags out of the stacking lifting platform to the packing station.
垛包移出后,堆垛升降台6快速上升至工作位,进入下一道垛包码垛工序。堆垛升降台6和反码机构5共用一个整体焊接的底座5-1,结构紧凑、占地面积小及定位准确优点。After the stacking bag is removed, the stacking lifting platform 6 quickly rises to the working position, and enters the next stacking bag stacking process. The stacking lifting platform 6 and the reverse code mechanism 5 share an integrally welded base 5-1, which has the advantages of compact structure, small footprint and accurate positioning.
所述的垛包移送辊道7是布置在堆垛升降台6之间的一排输送辊道,电机减速机驱动一组辊道,在辊道传动轴上设有双列链轮,通过链条驱动相邻之间的辊道,保证了每个辊道旋转同步,当垛包落放到辊道上后,辊道旋转把垛包移出堆垛升降台6。The stack transfer roller table 7 is a row of conveying roller tables arranged between the stacking lifting platforms 6. The motor reducer drives a group of roller tables, and a double-row sprocket is arranged on the roller table transmission shaft. The adjacent roller tables are driven to ensure that each roller table rotates synchronously. When the stacked bags are dropped onto the roller tables, the roller tables rotate to move the stacked bags out of the stacking lift platform 6 .
当垛包成形后,堆垛升降台6下降将垛包落放在移送辊道7上,通过辊道旋转将垛包移出码垛工位。After the stacking bag is formed, the stacking lifting platform 6 descends to place the stacking bag on the transfer roller table 7, and the stacking bag is moved out of the stacking station by the rotation of the roller table.
所述的垛包移送辊道7设置多个辊道底座7-1;The stack transfer roller table 7 is provided with a plurality of roller table bases 7-1;
在每个辊道底座7-1上安装两根移送辊7-2,每根移送辊7-2的两端装有辊道轴承座7-3,移送辊7-2通过所述的轴承座7-3固定在辊道底座7-1上。Two transfer rollers 7-2 are installed on each roller table base 7-1, and the two ends of each transfer roller 7-2 are equipped with roller table bearing seats 7-3, and the transfer rollers 7-2 pass through the bearing seats 7-3 is fixed on the roller table base 7-1.
在所述的移送辊7-2的输入轴上装有两片同规格链轮组成的链轮组7-4,各两两对应链轮用传动链条7-5组成封闭的传动链结构。On the input shaft of described transfer roller 7-2, the sprocket group 7-4 that two sheets are formed with the specification sprocket wheel is housed, and each two corresponding sprocket wheels form the closed transmission chain structure with transmission chain 7-5.
垛包移送辊道7设置辊道电机减速机7-6;所述的辊道电机减速机7-6通过弹性联轴器7-8驱动其中一组移送辊7-2,通过所述的传动链结构使每个移送辊7-2同步旋转。通过上述传动链是每台移送辊同步旋转,是垛包平稳、可靠移出码垛工位。The stack transfer roller table 7 is provided with a roller table motor reducer 7-6; the roller table motor reducer 7-6 drives one group of transfer rollers 7-2 through the elastic coupling 7-8, and through the transmission The chain structure makes each transfer roller 7-2 rotate synchronously. Through the above-mentioned transmission chain, each transfer roller rotates synchronously, so that the stacked packages can be moved out of the stacking station stably and reliably.
所述的辊道底座7-1上设有防止垛包在移送过程中发生倾斜并与堆垛升降台部件相碰的防护板7-9。防止垛包在移送过程中发生倾斜于堆垛升降台部件相碰。The roller table base 7-1 is provided with a protective plate 7-9 that prevents the stack from tilting and colliding with the stacking lifting platform parts during the transfer process. Prevent the stacked package from colliding with the parts of the stacking lifting platform during the transfer process.
所述的辊道电机减速机7-6通过减速机底座7-7安装在设备地基上。The roller table motor speed reducer 7-6 is installed on the equipment foundation through the speed reducer base 7-7.
八、为了实现与上述技术方案相同的发明目的,本发明还提供了以上所述的全自动型钢码垛机的码垛方法。为了更好理解本发明的工作原理,图8~图20描述了码垛工艺流程各机构动作状态。其码垛工艺流程如下:8. In order to achieve the same invention purpose as the above-mentioned technical solution, the present invention also provides a palletizing method for the above-mentioned fully automatic section steel palletizer. In order to better understand the working principle of the present invention, Figures 8 to 20 describe the action states of each mechanism in the palletizing process. The palletizing process is as follows:
1、如图8所示,编组挡块组件2-8根据型钢规格移动到设定的位置,变频控制的码垛输送收集链架1收集成品型钢码垛最小数量;1. As shown in Figure 8, the marshalling stopper assembly 2-8 moves to the set position according to the specification of the section steel, and the stacking conveying and collecting chain frame 1 controlled by frequency conversion collects the minimum quantity of finished section steel stacking;
2、如图9所示,根据型钢规格和长度,编组托架3-3上升,分离出指定的码垛槽型钢;2. As shown in Figure 9, according to the specification and length of the section steel, the marshalling bracket 3-3 rises to separate the specified stacking channel section steel;
3、如图10所示,编组小车3将编好的型钢运送到正码待料位;3. As shown in Figure 10, the marshalling trolley 3 transports the braided section steel to the positive code waiting position;
4、如图11所示,编组托架3-3将型钢托举到正码电磁吸盘4-12,正码电磁吸盘4-12得电;4. As shown in Figure 11, the marshalling bracket 3-3 lifts the section steel to the positive code electromagnetic chuck 4-12, and the positive code electromagnetic chuck 4-12 is energized;
5、如图12所示,编组托架3-3下降,正码电磁吸盘4-12吸持型钢;5. As shown in Figure 12, the marshalling bracket 3-3 is lowered, and the positive code electromagnetic sucker 4-12 holds the section steel;
6、如图13所示,编组小车3回编组位,为第二次编组准备,正码机构4平移作运动至放料位,型钢水平搬运;6. As shown in Figure 13, the marshalling trolley returns to the marshalling position 3 times to prepare for the second marshalling, and the positive coding mechanism 4 moves in translation to the discharge position, and the section steel is horizontally transported;
7、如图14所示,编组小车3第二次编组,正码电磁吸盘4-12失电,型钢完成正码码垛,正码机构4回待料位;7. As shown in Figure 14, the marshalling trolley 3 is marshalling for the second time, the positive code electromagnetic chuck 4-12 loses power, the section steel completes the positive code stacking, and the positive code mechanism is back to the material position 4 times;
8、如图15所示,编组小车3水平移动至反码待料位;8. As shown in Figure 15, the marshalling trolley 3 moves horizontally to the reverse code waiting position;
9、如图16所示,编组托架3-3下降,堆垛升降台6作定距下降动作;9. As shown in Figure 16, the marshalling bracket 3-3 descends, and the stacking lifting platform 6 performs a fixed-distance descending action;
10、如图17所示,反码电磁吸盘5-2得电,反码机构5翻转动作;编组小车3回编组位,为下次编组准备;10. As shown in Figure 17, the anti-code electromagnetic chuck 5-2 is energized, and the anti-code mechanism 5 turns over; the marshalling trolley returns to the marshalling position 3 times to prepare for the next marshalling;
11、如图18所示,反码电磁吸盘5-2失电,型钢扣压在上次正码的型钢上,完成反码码垛;反码机构5翻转回待料位动作;11. As shown in Figure 18, the reverse code electromagnetic sucker 5-2 loses power, and the profiled steel is crimped on the profiled steel of the last positive code, completing the reverse code stacking; the reverse code mechanism 5 flips back to the waiting material position;
12、如图19所示,系统循环工作,直至达到设定的垛型;12. As shown in Figure 19, the system works cyclically until it reaches the set stack type;
13、如图20所示,垛包落放到垛包移送辊道7上,移至打捆位。13. As shown in Figure 20, the stacked bag is dropped onto the stacked bag transfer roller table 7 and moved to the bundling position.
图21是本发明的工艺流程图。Figure 21 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
本发明采用上述技术方案,实现型钢的自动码垛;采用机电液一体化编组模式,克服了现有技术中型钢机械编组方法存在的效率低、需要现场人工调节、通用性差以及小型钢无法编组的缺陷;本发明具有编组快速精准、效率高、通用性好的特点,在一台设备上通过选择型钢的种类、规格和长度就可实现角钢、H型钢、槽钢、工字钢、轨道钢、方钢及扁钢的码垛,新颖的正码机构设计可对超长规格的型钢进行自动码垛,是一种型钢码垛方法的创新设计,具有广泛的市场推广价值。The present invention adopts the above-mentioned technical scheme to realize the automatic palletizing of section steel; adopts the electromechanical-hydraulic integrated marshalling mode, which overcomes the low efficiency, the need for on-site manual adjustment, the poor versatility and the inability to marshal small steel in the prior art medium-shaped steel mechanical marshalling method Defects; the present invention has the characteristics of fast and accurate marshalling, high efficiency, and good versatility, and can realize angle steel, H-shaped steel, channel steel, I-beam, track steel, For the palletizing of square steel and flat steel, the novel positive code mechanism design can automatically palletize ultra-long profile steel. It is an innovative design of profile steel palletizing method and has extensive market promotion value.
上面结合附图对本发明进行了示例性描述,显然本发明具体实现并不受上述方式的限制,只要采用了本发明的方法构思和技术方案进行的各种非实质性的改进,或未经改进将本发明的构思和技术方案直接应用于其它场合的,均在本发明的保护范围之内。The present invention has been exemplarily described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the specific implementation of the present invention is not limited by the above methods, as long as various insubstantial improvements are adopted in the method concept and technical solutions of the present invention, or there is no improvement Directly applying the conception and technical solutions of the present invention to other occasions falls within the protection scope of the present invention.
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CN106976732B (en) * | 2017-06-06 | 2023-02-28 | 马鞍山安麦创新技术有限公司 | Full-automatic section steel stacking unit and operation method thereof |
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CN109160283A (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2019-01-08 | 马钢集团设计研究院有限责任公司 | A kind of profile steel stacker magnechuck elevating mechanism and its control method |
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CN113023375B (en) * | 2021-04-01 | 2022-02-01 | 广东鑫光智能系统有限公司 | Plate stacking method and terminal |
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