CN105564452A - Hopper car - Google Patents
Hopper car Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105564452A CN105564452A CN201511009749.3A CN201511009749A CN105564452A CN 105564452 A CN105564452 A CN 105564452A CN 201511009749 A CN201511009749 A CN 201511009749A CN 105564452 A CN105564452 A CN 105564452A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- car
- wall
- central sill
- backplate
- connecting rod
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D7/00—Hopper cars
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D7/00—Hopper cars
- B61D7/14—Adaptations of hopper elements to railways
- B61D7/16—Closure elements for discharge openings
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
- B61F1/00—Underframes
- B61F1/02—Underframes with a single central sill
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
- B61F5/00—Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61H—BRAKES OR OTHER RETARDING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR RAIL VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR DISPOSITION THEREOF IN RAIL VEHICLES
- B61H11/00—Applications or arrangements of braking or retarding apparatus not otherwise provided for; Combinations of apparatus of different kinds or types
- B61H11/06—Applications or arrangements of braking or retarding apparatus not otherwise provided for; Combinations of apparatus of different kinds or types of hydrostatic, hydrodynamic, or aerodynamic brakes
Abstract
The invention discloses a hopper car. The hopper car comprises a car body (1), a chassis (2), a bogie (3), a brake system and a bottom door opening and closing mechanism (4), wherein the car body comprises two end walls (20) and two side walls (10); the wall body of each side wall (10), as well as the wall body of each end wall (20), comprises at least one aluminum profile wall unit with a hollow structure; the wall unit comprises an exterior wall board and an interior wall board, and the exterior wall board and the interior wall board are encircled to form a hollow structure; a middle beam of the chassis comprises a middle beam body and a guard board; the guard board forms a dividing surface for dividing materials above the middle beam body; the local outer surface of the middle beam body is covered with the guard board, and the outer surface which is not covered with the guard board is sprayed with a corrosion-resistant coating layer. Through performing structural optimization on the car body, the bogie, the chassis, the brake system, and the bottom door opening and closing mechanism which together form the hopper car, on the premise of realizing the same bearing capacity, the weight of the car is greatly reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to rolling stock technical field, particularly a kind of hopper car.
Background technology
Large loose goods such as coal, ore carries out railway transportation and can adopt open-top car or hopper car; wherein coal hopper car has the advantages such as efficiency of unloading is high, the comprehensive method of investment is few, operating cost is low, labor condition is good; adopt large loose goods such as hopper car transport coal, ore etc.; be comparatively economic a kind of transportation mode, become the common recognition of foreign railway transport enterprise.
Hopper car is primarily of compositions such as car body, bottom door opening and closing mechanism, coupler and draft gear, brake equipment and bogie trucks.The car body that current lightweight level is higher is aluminum-steel hybrid riveted structure, primarily of compositions such as underframe, side wall, headwall, struts, main load bearing component adopts high-strength weather resisting steel, the position that bottom side rail, side wall and headwall etc. contact with coal adopts aluminium alloy plate pole structure, and lateral column is positioned at outside framed side wallboard or inner side.
Underframe is played a supporting role for car body, considers intensity and withstanding corrosion effect, and wherein the position such as the central sill backplate of underframe, cross bearer cover plate and sidewall spacer adopts corrosion-resistant steel.Especially central sill, in order to avoid solid accumulation during vehicle discharging is on central sill, central sill mainly comprises the high rectangular tube of inner support intensity and is coated on the chevron pointing backplate of its outside.
The bogie truck of hopper car generally adopts with additional mechanism providing additional operations such as crossbar, shaketable or secondary frameworks, the cross-braced bogie that corresponding bogie truck pattern is respectively, pendulum-type bogie truck and radial steering.
Hopper car can adopt multiple vehicle and be the pattern of a group, and car group two ends adopt coupler and draft gear to connect.When employing two or one group, many cars, adopt cross-sectional plane to be that the draw bar of rectangle connects in car group between vehicle, adopt HM-1 or MT-2 type energy disperser.
In addition, bottom door adopts aluminum alloy materials, and bottom door opening and closing transmission mechanism adopts ground to meet and discuss automatic touch trigger four-bar linkage, can realize bottom door automatic shutter and vehicle drive-through dumping.
Under the prerequisite realizing equal transport capacity, vehicle lightweight is the target that those skilled in that art pursue always.
Therefore, how optimizing hopper car structure in prior art further, improve vehicle carrying capacity, and reduce vehicle body deadweight, is those skilled in that art's technical matterss urgently to be resolved hurrily.
Summary of the invention
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of hopper car, comprising car body, underframe, bogie truck, brake system, bottom door opening and closing mechanism, described car body comprises two headwalls and both walls; The body of wall of described side wall and the body of wall of described headwall include the aluminium section bar wall element that at least one has hollow structure, and described wall element comprises Side fascia and interior panel, and described Side fascia and described interior panel surround described hollow structure;
The central sill of described underframe comprises central sill body, backplate, described backplate forms the grouping teaching of shunting material above described central sill body, it is characterized in that, the local outside face of described central sill body is covered by described backplate, is not coated with corrosion resistant coating layer by the outside face that described backplate covers.
Optionally, the end face of described central sill body is coated by described backplate, and the maximum coated width of described backplate is more than or equal to the maximum width of described central sill body end face.
Optionally, also comprise at least one bearing rib along the arrangement of described central sill body length direction, described bearing rib is arranged at the inside cavity that described backplate and described central sill body surround, and is supported between described central sill body and described backplate sidewall.
Optionally, described backplate is V-structure, and its two sides form the grouping teaching of shunting material, and described V-structure back-off is also supported in the top of described central sill body, and described V-structure A/F is more than or equal to the maximum width of described central sill body.
Optionally, the wall element of described side wall is all along described car body longitudinal extension, and the wall element of described headwall is all along the vertical extension of described car body; Described wall element comprises end wall element and middle wall body unit, the outline circumferential closure of the cross-sectional plane of described end wall element, and side has wing limit, the outline of the cross-sectional plane of described middle wall body unit is circumferential closure, and both sides have wing limit up and down, adjacent two wall elements are fixed by corresponding both wings edge lap.
Optionally, the interior panel of each described wall element is plane, and inside face and each described interior panel of corresponding described wing edge lap cooperation place are coplanar.
Optionally, also comprise hitch and connect shock absorber, for the connection of adjacent two car bodies, described hitch connects shock absorber and comprises draw bar, and described draw bar comprises the end at shaft and two ends thereof; The cross-sectional plane of described shaft is inwall all directions to roughly the same the first drum organization of the distance of its centre of form, described first drum organization comprises is located at left and right arc section, be located at upper and lower horizontal segment, be connected with transitional straight section, transition circle segmental arc from described arc section to described horizontal segment in turn.
Optionally, longitudinally through lightening hole is set between described end and described shaft; Described shaft is provided with the auxiliary hole of up/down perforation, and the horizontal section of described auxiliary hole is approximate ellipsoidal structure, and Zuo Bi, You Bi of the end of draw bar are provided with lightening grooves.
Optionally, described bottom door opening and closing mechanism comprises transmission shaft, toggle linkage connecting rod mechanism and pivoted arm, described toggle linkage connecting rod mechanism comprises first connecting rod, second connecting rod, toggle linkage, the middle part of described toggle linkage is fixedly connected with described transmission shaft, both ends are hinged with one end of described first connecting rod and described second connecting rod respectively, the other end of described first connecting rod and described second connecting rod is hinged with the described bottom door of corresponding side respectively, and one end and the described transmission shaft of described pivoted arm are affixed;
Described bottom door opening and closing mechanism also comprises detecting device and controller,
Described detecting device, for detecting the range signal between the both ends hinge-point line of described head rod and described second pipe link and its transmission center;
Described controller, judge whether the distance between described second pipe link two ends hinge-point line and its transmission center is in bottom door safety shutdown number range according to described range signal, and with above-mentioned distance outside bottom door safety shutdown number range for condition sends hint instructions.
Optionally, described transmission shaft fixed bearing is provided with block, described pivoted arm is provided with stopper section, and when the distance between described pipe link two ends hinge-point line and its transmission center reaches predetermined design, the upper surface of described stopper section is against the lower surface of block; Described detecting device detects the distance between described block and described stopper section; Described bottom door safety shutdown numerical value is when described toggle linkage connecting rod mechanism is by the distance between block described before dead center position and described stopper section.
Optionally, described detecting device comprises detection part and coordinates with described detection part the inductive means detected, described detection part and described inductive means one of them be installed on described block, another one is installed on described stopper section, and described detection part and described inductive means are oppositely arranged up and down; Described bottom door safety shutdown numerical value is when described connecting rod mechanism is by the distance between detection part described before dead center position and described inductive means.
Optionally, described bogie truck comprises side frame, take turns, bolster, and be also provided with wedge between described side frame and described bolster, the width range of the contact wall of described wedge and side frame is: 180mm-240mm.
Optionally, comprise aluminum alloy adapter, between described side frame and described aluminum alloy adapter, be provided with plate shaped axle box rubber packing.
Optionally, described brake system comprises some brake units, described brake unit comprises acceleration and alleviates reservoir, auxiliary reservoir, distributing valve, limiting valve, relay valve, volume reservoir, main storage reservoir, and wherein, described relay valve is arranged on the connecting pipeline of described distributing valve and described limiting valve; The connecting pipeline of distributing valve and described relay valve described in the outlet of described volume reservoir; Train pipe is communicated with the air port of described main storage reservoir by check valve, and the air port of described main storage reservoir is also by relay valve described in pipeline connection.
Optionally, all brake cylinders on the outlet of described limiting valve same joint car body and the last joint car body or rear adjacent with this car body save the partial brake cylinder on car body.
Be optimized herein by the car body to formation hopper car, bogie truck, underframe, brake system, bottom door opening and closing mechanism structure, under the prerequisite realizing same bearer ability, greatly reduce the weight of vehicle.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the local structure schematic diagram of hopper car in an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the cross sectional representation of central sill in an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of draw bar in an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the cross sectional representation of draw bar shaft described in Fig. 3;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of bottom door opening and closing mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the partial enlarged drawing of the mechanism of bottom door opening and closing shown in Fig. 5;
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of brake system in an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein, in Fig. 1 to Fig. 7:
Car body 1, side wall 10, end wall element 101, middle wall body unit 102, end wall element 103, headwall 20, underframe 2, bogie truck 3, bottom door opening and closing mechanism 4;
Central sill body 11, backplate 12, bearing rib 13, corrosion resistant coating layer 14;
Shaft 21, horizontal segment 1a, arc section 1b, transitional straight section 1c, transition circle segmental arc 1d, auxiliary hole 211, end 22, outside wall surface 221, lightening grooves 223, mounting hole 224;
Transmission shaft 41, enabling pivoted arm 421, stopper section 4211, pivoted arm 422 of closing the door, bearing 43, bottom door 44, first connecting rod 451, second connecting rod 452, toggle linkage 453, block 46, inductive means 471, detection part 472;
Brake cylinder 511, acceleration alleviate reservoir 512, auxiliary reservoir 513, distributing valve 514, volume reservoir 515, main storage reservoir 516, relay valve 517, check valve 518, limiting valve 519, transducer valve 520, cock 521.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to make those skilled in the art understand technical scheme of the present invention better, below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail.
Please refer to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, Fig. 1 is the local structure schematic diagram of hopper car in an embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 2 is the cross sectional representation of central sill in an embodiment of the present invention.
Hopper car comprises car body 1, underframe 2, bogie truck 3, brake system, bottom door opening and closing mechanism 4 and connect adjacent two joint car bodies coupler and draft gear, car body mainly comprises two side walls 10 and two headwalls 20 and base plate, wherein headwall is specially front end wall, back-end wall, front end wall, back-end wall, both walls and base plate surround the cavity holding material, front end wall in the present invention, back-end wall, the body of wall of both walls includes the aluminium section bar wall element that at least one has hollow structure, described wall element comprises Side fascia and interior panel, described Side fascia and described interior panel surround hollow structure.The wall element of side wall can all along described car body longitudinal extension, and the wall element of headwall all extends along cross-car.Thickness between general interior panel and Side fascia is roughly 3mm-6mm and can satisfies the demands, and certainly, also can be other alloy in lightweight.
Particularly, wall element can comprise end wall element and middle wall body unit, for side wall 10, as shown in Figure 1, side wall 10 comprises end wall element 101, middle wall body unit 102, end wall element 103, the outline circumferential closure of the cross-sectional plane of end wall element, and side has wing limit, the outline of the cross-sectional plane of middle wall body unit is circumferential closure, and both sides have wing limit up and down, and adjacent two wall elements are fixed by corresponding both wings edge lap.
In order to enlarging volume, the interior panel of each wall element is plane, and inside face and each interior panel of corresponding wing edge lap cooperation place are coplanar.Compared with prior art, the lateral column be arranged on side wall 10 and headwall 20 is eliminated in the present invention, adopt uniform strength design theory, adopt the aluminium section bar wall element of hollow structure, when obtaining same structural strength, side wall herein and headwall have less width, can improve the volume of car body so on the one hand, on the other hand for the vehicle of identical use boundary, be conducive to the design optimizing car body.
Underframe is also provided with the parts such as some sleeper beams, cross bearer, needle beam, central sill, and sleeper beam adopts two web plate box assembly welding structures of just end face; Cross bearer is formed by assembly weldings such as cover plate and L shape angle steel.Central sill comprises central sill body 11, backplate 12, and central sill body 11 Main Function, for bearing cross-car, longitudinal loading, can adopt high strength steel.Backplate 12 forms the grouping teaching of shunting material above central sill body 11, the designing requirement of backplate 12 with state in background technology substantially identical, all to prevent long-pending coal, can be designed as chevron pointing, preferred V-structure herein, the opening of V-structure is installed towards central sill body 11, and namely V-structure back-off is in the top of central sill body 11, the two sides of V-structure form grouping teaching, and the materials such as the coal in railway carriage can along the two sides of V-structure to both sides landing.The A/F of V-structure equals the maximum width being greater than central sill body 11 end face, avoids solid accumulation in central sill body 11 end face.The design of backplate 12 simultaneously also should consider corrosion-resisting function simultaneously, can select the material that anti-anti-corrosion capability is strong, such as corrosion-resistant steel.
The local outside face of the central sill body 11 in the present invention is covered by backplate 12, is not coated with corrosion resistant coating layer 14 by the outside face that backplate 12 covers.That is, backplate 12 only covers the partial outer face of central sill body 11, and central sill body 11 is not coated with corrosion resistant coating layer 14 by the part that backplate 12 covers.Like this; backplate 12 can play a very good protection to the outside face of the central sill body 11 that it covers; avoid contacting with this partial outer face of central sill body 11 during material discharging; and the outside face being exposed to the central sill body 11 of backplate 12 outside is because having corrosion resistant coating layer 14; corrosion resistant coating layer 14 can play the effect of isolation material and central sill body 11, and namely corrosion resistant coating layer 14 has protective effect to the central sill body 11 being exposed to backplate 12 outside.Corrosion resistant coating layer 14 can be high resiliency corrosion resistant anticorrosive paint layer.
With utilize compared with the coated central sill body 11 of backplate 12 in prior art completely; backplate 12 and corrosion resistant coating layer 14 surround the protective cover of central sill body 11 jointly herein; backplate 12 only covers the partial outer face of central sill body 11; the weight of backplate 12 is smaller; and compared with backplate 12 of the same area; the weight of corrosion resistant coating layer 14 almost can be ignored; the weight of such formation central sill body 11 protective cover reduces greatly; and then the own wt of center sill structure reduces, and meets vehicle light-weight design demand.
The end face of central sill body 11 also can be coated on the inside of backplate 12, refers to following setting.
In a kind of detailed description of the invention, the local outside face of central sill body 11 is coated on the cavity inside that backplate 12 surrounds, and the maximum coated width of backplate 12 is more than or equal to the maximum width of central sill body 11 end face, that is, central sill body 11 end face is coated on the cavity inside that backplate 12 surrounds.
For backplate 12 for V-structure, the end face of central sill body 11 is coated on V-structure open interior.The maximum width that in this embodiment, the coated width of backplate 12 is greater than central sill body 11 end face can meet the two assembling demand, and block construction is comparatively simple.
As can be seen from the above description, the structure of backplate 12 is general forms cavity with central sill body 11, and backplate 12 must by pressure to a certain extent in discharge process, and after long period use, backplate 12 easily produces distortion, affects the shunting to material.In order to overcome above problem as far as possible, further following technical scheme is proposed herein.
Center sill structure provided in this article also comprises at least one bearing rib 13 along the arrangement of central sill body 11 length direction further, bearing rib 13 is arranged at the inside cavity that backplate 12 surrounds with central sill body 11, and being supported between central sill body 11 and backplate 12 sidewall, concrete bearing rib 13 can be supported between central sill body 11 end face and backplate 12 two side.The quantity that bearing rib 13 is arranged, shape and adjacent supports gusset 13 spacing can according to embody rule environment sets.
Please refer to the structural representation that Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 Fig. 3 is draw bar in an embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 4 is the cross sectional representation of draw bar shaft described in Fig. 3.
Hitch in the various embodiments described above connects shock absorber and comprises draw bar, and draw bar comprises the end 22 at shaft 21 and two ends thereof; End 22 is provided with the mounting hole 224 for hold-down hook end pin vertically extended.The cross-sectional plane of shaft 21 is inwall all directions to roughly the same the first drum organization of the distance of its centre of form, described first drum organization comprises is located at left and right arc section 1b, be located at upper and lower horizontal segment 1a, be connected with transitional straight section 1c, transition circle segmental arc 1d from arc section 1b to horizontal segment 1a in turn.Here the inwall major part of " roughly the same " first drum organization of referring to is all equal to centre of form distance, though respective location to the centre of form apart from unequal, also differ very little.
The cross-sectional plane of the shaft 21 of existing draw bar is improved to the first drum organization by rectangle by the present invention, this first drum organization is close to circle, its inwall all directions are roughly the same to the distance of its centre of form O, and also namely the flexibility of each point is close, and what make shaft 21 has everywhere close to equal stability.
As can be seen here, the shaft 21 of this draw bar, under the prerequisite ensureing critical pressure, reduces shaft 21 left and right directions size, overcomes in prior art the phenomenon of wasting material, substantially reduce the weight of shaft 21.
For above-mentioned first drum organization, transitional straight section 1c and arc section 1b, transition circle segmental arc 1d are all tangent, and horizontal segment 1a and transition circle segmental arc 1d is also tangent.Like this, make the cross-sectional plane inwall entirety of shaft 211 be smooth curve, shaft 211 can be avoided to produce stress and concentrate, further increase the working stability of draw bar.
In addition, longitudinally through lightening hole is set between end 22 and described shaft 21.Shaft 21 is provided with the auxiliary hole 211 of up/down perforation, and the horizontal section of auxiliary hole 211 is approximate ellipsoidal structure.Zuo Bi, You Bi of the end 22 of draw bar are provided with lightening grooves 223, and the outside wall surface 221 of end 22 is spherical.
Please refer to Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, Fig. 5 is the structural representation of bottom door opening and closing mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 6 is the partial enlarged drawing of the mechanism of bottom door opening and closing shown in Fig. 5.
Bottom door opening and closing mechanism comprises transmission shaft 41, toggle linkage 453 connecting rod mechanism and pivoted arm, described toggle linkage 453 connecting rod mechanism comprises first connecting rod 451, second connecting rod 452, toggle linkage 453, the middle part of toggle linkage 453 is fixedly connected with described transmission shaft 41, both ends are hinged with one end of described first connecting rod 451 and described second connecting rod 452 respectively, the other end of first connecting rod 451 and second connecting rod 452 is hinged with the bottom door 44 of corresponding side respectively, and one end and the described transmission shaft 41 of pivoted arm are affixed; Pivoted arm, according to the difference of function, is divided into enabling pivoted arm 421 and pivoted arm 422 of closing the door.
Above-mentioned bottom door opening and closing mechanism also comprises detecting device and controller, detecting device, for detecting the range signal between the both ends hinge-point line of the second pipe link and its transmission center;
Described controller, judge whether the distance between the second pipe link two ends hinge-point line and its transmission center is in bottom door safety shutdown number range according to described range signal, and with above-mentioned distance outside bottom door safety shutdown number range for condition sends hint instructions.
Whether lock compared with transmission shaft 41 position with prior art by arranging mechanical part, utilize sensor to detect bottom door herein and close and put in place, sensor bulk is little, and detecting reliability is high, and weight almost can be disregarded, and can reduce vehicle weight.
Particularly, the bearing 43 of transmission shaft 41 is provided with block 46, described pivoted arm is provided with stopper section 4211, when the distance between described pipe link two ends hinge-point line and its transmission center reaches predetermined design, the upper surface of described stopper section 4211 is against the lower surface of block 46; Described detecting device detects the distance between described block 46 and described stopper section 4211; Described bottom door safety shutdown numerical value is when described connecting rod mechanism is by the distance between block 46 described before dead center position and described stopper section 4211.
On above-described embodiment basis, detecting device comprises detection part 472 and coordinates the inductive means 471 detected with detection part 472, described detection part 472 and described inductive means 471 one of them be installed on block 46, another one is installed on described stopper section 4211, and described detection part 472 and described inductive means about 471 are oppositely arranged; Described bottom door safety shutdown numerical value is when connecting rod mechanism is by the distance between detection part 472 described before dead center position and described inductive means 471.
Please refer to Fig. 7, Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of brake system in an embodiment of the present invention.
In addition, in the various embodiments described above, the brake system of hopper car comprises some brake units, brake unit comprises acceleration and alleviates reservoir 512, auxiliary reservoir 513, distributing valve 514, limiting valve 519, relay valve 517, volume reservoir 515, main storage reservoir 516, wherein, relay valve 517 is arranged on the connecting pipeline of distributing valve 514 and limiting valve 519; The outlet distributing valve 514 of volume reservoir 515 and the connecting pipeline of relay valve 517; Train pipe is communicated with the air port of main storage reservoir 516 by check valve 518, and the air port of main storage reservoir 516 is also by relay valve 517 described in pipeline connection.In addition, can also arrange transducer valve 520 in brake unit, the both ends of train pipe can arrange cock 521.
Accelerate herein to alleviate reservoir 512, auxiliary reservoir 513, the operating principle of distributing valve 514 is same as the prior art, volume reservoir 515 is separately provided with herein in brake unit, accelerate to alleviate reservoir 512, auxiliary reservoir 513, distributing valve 514 three controls the pressure signal of volume reservoir 515 inside, then volume reservoir 515 coordinates relay valve 517 again, main storage reservoir 516 controls multiple brake cylinder 511, wherein main storage reservoir 516 is for storing the air from train pipe, when in main storage reservoir, 516 pressure are less than set pressure, in train pipe, gas is inflated to main storage reservoir 516 by check valve 518.Volume reservoir 515 provides pressure signal for relay valve 517, and relay valve 517 fills wind according to pressure signal to brake cylinder 511, installs adjustment device of empty weight/heavy weight between relay valve 517 and brake cylinder 511, can according to the bare weight state adjustment brake-cylinder pressure of vehicle.
The basis of existing freight car braking equipment increases relay valve 517 and the large main storage reservoir 516 of volume, do not changing direct acting type brake basic configuration, under the prerequisite of function and efficacy principle, direct acting type brake system is transform as " indirectly-acting " formula, the brake cylinder quantity being connected to limiting valve outlet in which is unrestricted, namely a distributing valve can be adopted to control one with the brake cylinder 511 of upper body, do not increase the model of each parts such as distributing valve simultaneously, thus Train Control valve quantity can be reduced, realize the lightweight of brake equipment, not only dead weight of vehicle can be reduced, also reduce purchasing of brake equipment simultaneously, maintenance and utilization cost.
In a preferred embodiment, all brake cylinders on the outlet of limiting valve 519 same joint car body and the last joint car body or rear adjacent with this car body save the partial brake cylinder 511 on car body.
Wherein, main storage reservoir 516, brake piping and pipe fitting can adopt aluminum alloy lightweight parts, reduce the deadweight of brake unit further.The magnitude setting of car brakeing unit can set as the case may be.
Further, the bogie truck in the various embodiments described above comprises side frame, take turns, bolster, and be also provided with wedge between side frame and described bolster, the width range of the contact wall of described wedge and side frame is: 180mm-240mm.Broaden the width of wedge herein, increase the friction force between itself and side frame, add side frame diamond resistant rigidity, prior art additional support bar can be cancelled, and then reduce the weight of bogie truck.In addition, bogie truck also comprises adapter, is provided with plate shaped axle box rubber packing between side frame and described adapter, adopts plate shaped axle box rubber packing to reduce wheel-rail dynamic interaction, improves curving performance.Simultaneously, adopt the lightweight measures such as aluminum alloy adapter, make bogie truck under weight-saving prerequisite, meet the requirement of the requirement of heavy-duty freight car running velocity and low dynamics, light abrasion.
Above a kind of hopper car provided by the present invention is described in detail.Apply specific case herein to set forth principle of the present invention and embodiment, the explanation of above embodiment just understands method of the present invention and core concept thereof for helping.It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, can also carry out some improvement and modification to the present invention, these improve and modify and also fall in the protection domain of the claims in the present invention.
Claims (15)
1. a hopper car, comprise car body (1), underframe (2), bogie truck (3), brake system, bottom door opening and closing mechanism (4), described car body (1) comprises two headwalls (20) and both walls (10); It is characterized in that, the body of wall of described side wall (10) and the body of wall of described headwall (10) include the aluminium section bar wall element that at least one has hollow structure, described wall element comprises Side fascia and interior panel, and described Side fascia and described interior panel surround described hollow structure;
The central sill of described underframe (2) comprises central sill body (11), backplate (12), described backplate (12) forms the grouping teaching of shunting material in described central sill body (11) top, it is characterized in that, the local outside face of described central sill body (11) is covered by described backplate (12), is not coated with corrosion resistant coating layer (14) by the outside face that described backplate (12) covers.
2. hopper car as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the end face of described central sill body (11) is coated on the cavity inside that described backplate (12) surrounds, and the maximum coated width of described backplate (12) is more than or equal to the maximum width of described central sill body (11) end face.
3. hopper car as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, also comprise at least one bearing rib (13) along described central sill body (11) length direction arrangement, described bearing rib (13) is arranged at the inside cavity that described backplate (12) surrounds with described central sill body (11), and is supported between described central sill body (11) and described backplate (12) sidewall.
4. hopper car as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described backplate (12) is V-structure, its two sides form the grouping teaching of shunting material, described V-structure back-off is also supported in the top of described central sill body (11), and described V-structure A/F is more than or equal to the maximum width of described central sill body (11).
5. hopper car as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the wall element of described side wall (10) is all along described car body (1) longitudinal extension, and the wall element of described headwall (20) is all along described car body (1) horizontal expansion; Described wall element comprises end wall element and middle wall body unit, the outline circumferential closure of the cross-sectional plane of described end wall element, and side has wing limit, the outline of the cross-sectional plane of described middle wall body unit is circumferential closure, and both sides have wing limit up and down, adjacent two wall elements are fixed by corresponding both wings edge lap.
6. hopper car as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, the interior panel of each described wall element is plane, and inside face and each described interior panel of corresponding described wing edge lap cooperation place are coplanar.
7. hopper car as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, also comprise hitch and connect shock absorber, for the connection of adjacent two car bodies, described hitch connects shock absorber and comprises draw bar, and described draw bar comprises the end (22) at shaft (21) and two ends thereof; The cross-sectional plane of described shaft (21) is inwall all directions to roughly the same the first drum organization of the distance of its centre of form, described first drum organization comprises is located at left and right arc section (1b), be located at upper and lower horizontal segment (1a), be connected with transitional straight section (1c), transition circle segmental arc (1d) from described arc section (1b) to described horizontal segment (1a) in turn.
8. hopper car as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that, arranges longitudinally through lightening hole between described end (22) and described shaft (21); Described shaft (21) is provided with the auxiliary hole (211) of up/down perforation, and the horizontal section of described auxiliary hole (211) is approximate ellipsoidal structure; Zuo Bi, You Bi of end (22) are provided with lightening grooves (223).
9. hopper car as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described bottom door opening and closing mechanism comprises transmission shaft (41), toggle linkage connecting rod mechanism and pivoted arm, described toggle linkage connecting rod mechanism comprises first connecting rod (451), second connecting rod (452), toggle linkage (453), the middle part of described toggle linkage (453) is fixedly connected with described transmission shaft (41), both ends are hinged with one end of described first connecting rod (451) and described second connecting rod (452) respectively, the other end of described first connecting rod (451) and described second connecting rod (452) is hinged with the described bottom door (44) of corresponding side respectively, one end and the described transmission shaft (41) of described pivoted arm are affixed,
Described bottom door opening and closing mechanism also comprises detecting device and controller,
Described detecting device, for detecting the range signal between the both ends hinge-point line of described second pipe link (452) and its transmission center;
Described controller, judge whether the distance between described second pipe link (452) two ends hinge-point line and its transmission center is in bottom door safety shutdown number range according to described range signal, and with above-mentioned distance outside bottom door safety shutdown number range for condition sends hint instructions.
10. hopper car as claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that, the bearing (43) of described transmission shaft (41) is provided with block (46), described pivoted arm is provided with stopper section (4211), when distance between described pipe link two ends hinge-point line and its transmission center reaches predetermined design, the upper surface of described stopper section (4211) is against the lower surface of block (46); Described detecting device detects the distance between described block (46) and described stopper section (4211); Described bottom door safety shutdown numerical value is when described connecting rod mechanism is by the distance before dead center position between described block (46) and described stopper section (4211).
11. hopper cars as claimed in claim 10, it is characterized in that, described detecting device comprises detection part (472) and coordinates the inductive means (471) detected with described detection part (472), described detection part (472) and described inductive means (471) one of them be installed on described block (46), another one is installed on described stopper section (4211), and described detection part (472) and described inductive means (471) are oppositely arranged up and down; Described bottom door safety shutdown numerical value is when described connecting rod mechanism is by the distance before dead center position between described detection part (472) and described inductive means (471).
12. hopper cars as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described bogie truck comprises side frame, take turns, bolster, and be also provided with wide formula wedge between described side frame and described bolster, the width range of the contact wall of described wedge and side frame is: 180mm-240mm.
13. hopper cars as claimed in claim 12, is characterized in that, also comprise adapter, be provided with plate shaped axle box rubber packing between described side frame and described adapter.
14. hopper cars as described in any one of claim 1 to 13, it is characterized in that, described brake system comprises some brake units, described brake unit comprises acceleration and alleviates reservoir (512), auxiliary reservoir (513), distributing valve (514), limiting valve (519), relay valve (517), volume reservoir (515), main storage reservoir (516), wherein, described relay valve (517) is arranged on the connecting pipeline of described distributing valve (514) and described limiting valve (519); The connecting pipeline of distributing valve (514) described in the outlet of described volume reservoir (515) and described relay valve (517); Train pipe is communicated with the air port of described main storage reservoir (516) by check valve (518), and the air port of described main storage reservoir (516) is also by relay valve (517) described in pipeline connection.
15. hopper cars as claimed in claim 14, it is characterized in that, all brake cylinders (511) on the outlet same joint car body of described limiting valve (519) and the last joint car body or rear adjacent with this car body save the partial brake cylinder (511) on car body.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201511009749.3A CN105564452A (en) | 2015-12-29 | 2015-12-29 | Hopper car |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201511009749.3A CN105564452A (en) | 2015-12-29 | 2015-12-29 | Hopper car |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105564452A true CN105564452A (en) | 2016-05-11 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201511009749.3A Pending CN105564452A (en) | 2015-12-29 | 2015-12-29 | Hopper car |
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| CN (1) | CN105564452A (en) |
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Address after: 161002 Qigihar City, Heilongjiang province Tiefeng District Plant Road No. 36 Applicant after: CRRC QIQIHAR VEHICLE CO., LTD. Address before: 161002 Qigihar City, Heilongjiang province Tiefeng District Plant Road No. 36 Applicant before: Qiqihar Railway Rolling Stock Co., Ltd. |
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Application publication date: 20160511 |
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