CN105551367A - Industrial-control practical training apparatus based on OPC - Google Patents
Industrial-control practical training apparatus based on OPC Download PDFInfo
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- CN105551367A CN105551367A CN201510979320.0A CN201510979320A CN105551367A CN 105551367 A CN105551367 A CN 105551367A CN 201510979320 A CN201510979320 A CN 201510979320A CN 105551367 A CN105551367 A CN 105551367A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B25/00—Models for purposes not provided for in G09B23/00, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
- G09B25/02—Models for purposes not provided for in G09B23/00, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes of industrial processes; of machinery
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
- G05B19/042—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors
- G05B19/0423—Input/output
Abstract
An industrial-control practical training apparatus based on OPC is disclosed. The apparatus is formed by a controlled object, a control cabinet and a control host. A water tank, a water pump and an allocated pipeline are taken as experiment objects. Industrial control equipment of an on-site instrument, an intelligent IO module, an intelligent PID controller, a PLC and the like are equipped so as to carry out various kinds of control on parameters in processes of pressure, a flow, a liquid level and the like. Based on the OPC, an industrial control instrument is integrated with Matlab software, industrial control configuration software, even VB and other general programming languages. The apparatus can complete a traditional general instrument control and also can form customized control taking a customized soft controller in the Matlab or the VB as a core, an application environment is provided for a student to be familiar with an automatic control theory, learn and practice a new control algorithm and an experiment platform is provided for teh student to learn and apply the OPC. Through using experiment management software exploited based on the VB and the OPC, a good support can be provided for local management, remote monitoring and grade evaluation of the experiment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of process control experiment device for teaching, particularly relate to a kind of Industry Control actual training device based on OPC, belong to teaching equipment field.
Background technology
In modern education education activities, experimental teaching is absolutely necessary key link, and most important to the hands-on background of training student, the scarcity of experimental facilities then greatly constrains study and the acquisition of students' skill.By the experimental provision that design is good, can be student and establish a bridge block between the theory study and practical engineering application skill training of relevant knowledge, also further simplify the establishment of complex control algorithm in control system, debugging and processing procedure.
Industrial process control field needs use a large amount of field apparatuss, intelligent instrument and control application software, usually need special hardware or software interface just can complete data interaction, traditional mode realizes interactive operation by the proprietary driver of development equipment.But the driver of distinct device supplier is often very inconsistent, and be difficult to hardware, software and upgrading, the appearance of OPC (OLEforProcessControl) technology significantly improves this situation.OPC is a kind of industrial standard mechanism of exchanges data, based on Client/Server, for providing interoperability and interchangeability widely between field apparatus and software application.
Process control generally refers to that it is one of core content of modern industry automated system to the automatic control of the technological parameters such as the temperature in consecutive production process, pressure, flow, liquid level and composition as controlled variable.Process Control Principle is the important specialized course of automation major student one, and its objective is and make student's procurement process control principle of relevant speciality and the knowwhy of application thereof and practicals kill, wherein the design and optimization of control algolithm is important content wherein.Traditional process controller generally adopts specialized hardware to realize regulator or uses the pid algorithm in configuration software to realize similar regulatory function.If more complicated ANN (Artificial Neural Network) Control, Multivariable Decoupling Control etc. need be realized, suitable difficulty.MATLAB software be a kind of powerful, use flexibly, built-in various abundant control tool case, the system optimizing control also can be correlated with by user's designed, designed is to strengthen control effects.MATLAB/SIMULINK is widely used in scientific algorithm, mathematical modeling and emulation, and operation efficiency is very high and can realize various complex control algorithm easily.People, in the process designing new control system and control algolithm, usually must complete modeling and simulation by SIMULINK, until reach satisfied simulation result.Due to the data communication standard of on-the-spot industrial control equipment and disunity, make MATLAB/SIMULINK be difficult to carry out direct data communication with on-the-spot industrial control equipment, cause a lot of advanced control algorithm still can only rest on pure digi-tal simulation stage; But the pure digi-tal emulation based on SIMULINK is often difficult to the control object of accurate analog reality, in modeling process, also usually need do some hypothesis to object model and be similar to, the portion disturbances that may exist in practical object system and noise can be ignored simultaneously, thus cause simulation result and practical application effect to have greater difference, hardware-in-the-loop simulation then can obtain more real control effects.Introduce OPC mechanism, make Matlab/SIMULINK can directly with on-the-spot industrial control equipment mutual, the design that greatly will improve control system is effective, on also facilitating student main attention to be placed on the analysis of control effects and the research of control algolithm simultaneously and improving, thus strengthen the effect of teaching and study.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of Industry Control actual training device based on OPC.Described experiment porch is not only applicable to the controlled device, control device, implementation method and the optimized algorithm that help student's understanding process to control, can also promote that student is to the understanding of Principle of Automatic Control Course and grasp, thus improve theory and the level of skill of student comprehensively, strengthen its practical operative ability and engineering sense.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
Based on an Industry Control actual training device of OPC, comprise controlled device, switch board, main control system; Described controlled device is made up of multiple transparent liquid level container, feed flow stream;
Described liquid level container is 3, be respectively the first liquid level container V101, the second liquid level container V102 and the 3rd liquid level container V103, the stream of the bottom discharging tube of the first liquid level container V101 is serially connected with the first discharge opeing hand valve XV301 for controlling discharge opeing resistance, the outlet of the discharging tube of the first liquid level container V101 is connected with the second liquid level container V102; The stream of the bottom discharging tube of the second liquid level container V102 is serially connected with the second discharge opeing hand valve XV302 for controlling discharge opeing resistance, the outlet of the discharging tube of the second liquid level container V102 is connected with the 3rd liquid level container V103; The stream of the bottom discharging tube of the 3rd liquid level container V103 is serially connected with the 3rd discharge opeing hand valve XV303 for controlling discharge opeing resistance, the outlet of the discharging tube of the 3rd liquid level container V103 is connected with tank V104; Described each liquid level container is built-in with overflow groove, and overflow groove outlet is communicated with tank V104 by pipeline, and described liquid level container is made by transparent organic glass, is convenient to experimenter and watches experiment effect;
Described feed flow stream is 2 tunnels, is respectively the first feed flow stream and the second feed flow stream; Described first feed flow stream comprises the first water pump P 101, first feed flow mother pipe, the first electric control valve FV101 and liquid supply electromagnetic valve, the female pipe of described tank V104, the first water pump P 101, first feed flow is communicated with successively by pipeline, described first water pump P 101 exports and is connected in series first flow transmitter FT101 and the first electric control valve FV101 between the female pipe of feed flow, and is connected with the first pressure unit PT101; The female pipe of feed flow is communicated with the first feed liquid pipeline, and the first feed liquid pipeline is serially connected with the first liquid supply electromagnetic valve XV101 for controlling liquid communication, and the outlet of the first feed liquid pipeline is communicated with the first liquid level container V101; The female pipe of feed flow is communicated with the second feed liquid pipeline, and the second feed liquid pipeline is serially connected with the second liquid supply electromagnetic valve XV102 for controlling liquid communication, and the outlet of the second feed liquid pipeline is communicated with the second liquid level container V102; The female pipe of feed flow is communicated with the 3rd feed liquid pipeline, and the 3rd feed liquid pipeline is serially connected with the 3rd liquid supply electromagnetic valve XV103 for controlling liquid communication, and the outlet of the 3rd feed liquid pipeline is communicated with the 3rd liquid level container V103;
Described second feed flow stream comprises the second water pump P 102, second frequency converter FV102, the second feed flow mother pipe and liquid supply electromagnetic valve, the female pipe of described tank V104, the second water pump P 102, second feed flow is communicated with successively by pipeline, described second water pump P 102 exports and is connected in series second transmitter FT102 between the female pipe of feed flow, and is connected with the second pressure unit PT102; The female pipe of feed flow is communicated with the 4th feed liquid pipeline, and the 4th feed liquid pipeline is serially connected with the 4th liquid supply electromagnetic valve XV201 for controlling liquid communication, and the outlet of the 4th feed liquid pipeline is communicated with the first liquid level container V101; The female pipe of feed flow is communicated with the 5th feed liquid pipeline, and the 5th feed liquid pipeline is serially connected with the 5th liquid supply electromagnetic valve XV202 for controlling liquid communication, and the outlet of the 5th feed liquid pipeline is communicated with the second liquid level container V102; The female pipe of feed flow is communicated with the 6th feed liquid pipeline, and the 6th feed liquid pipeline is serially connected with the 6th liquid supply electromagnetic valve XV203 for controlling liquid communication, and the outlet of the 6th feed liquid pipeline is communicated with the 3rd liquid level container V103; The drive motor of the second water pump is directly electrically connected with the second frequency converter FV102.
ADAM intelligence I/O module, hundred special INTELLIGENT PID REGULATOR, S7-200PLC controller, S7-300PLC controller is included in described switch board;
Described ADAM intelligence I/O module comprises ADAM4018p Analog input mModule, ADAM4024 analog output module and ADAM4055 On-off signal output module;
Described hundred special INTELLIGENT PID REGULATOR comprise hundred special XMA5000 INTELLIGENT PID REGULATOR;
Described S7-200PLC controller comprises CPU224 module, EM231 Analog input mModule and EM232 analog output module;
Described S7-300PLC controller comprises: CPU315-2PN/DP module, SM331 Analog input mModule and SM332 analog output module.
Described main control system comprises industrial computer one, and is provided with Matlab software, KingView configuration software, VisualBasicIDE development environment and independently developed experiment management software;
Described main control system connects ADAM4018p analog quantity 8 load module and ADAM4024 module amount 4 output module by RS232-485 converter;
Described main control system connects hundred special XMA5000 intelligent regulators by RS232-485 converter;
Described main control system connects S7-200PLC controller by PPI cable;
Described main control system connects S7-300PLC controller by MPI cable.
Described experiment porch is switched by suitable stream, and connect various fluid level transmitter, flow transmitter, pressure unit, electric control valve, frequency converter and controller in a suitable manner, then both can realize simple single loop list and much more perhaps hold Liquid level, also can realize for the tandem of liquid level, flow parameter, ratio, evenly, the more complicated control program of selectivity, point journey, feedforward etc., even by OPC mechanism, realize the self-defined control of such as fuzzy control, ANN (Artificial Neural Network) Control and so on by Matlab software or VB development system.
Described experiment porch can complete various conventional instrument Control release, comprising: based on ADAM intelligence I/O module and the soft PID Control release of KingView; Based on the hard PID Control release of hundred special XMA-5000 INTELLIGENT PID REGULATOR and KingView; Based on the hard PID Control release of S7-200PLC controller and KingView; Based on the hard PID Control release of S7-300PLC controller and KingView; Described soft PID controls to refer to use the pid control function that in KingView, software provides, hard pid control function then refers to the pid control function using intelligent regulator, PLC device internal hardware provides, generally speaking, hard PID controls to control to have higher reliability and validity than soft PID; Described KingView software has abundant device drives and configuration mode flexibly, can the various monitored picture of configuration easily, and with the state of animate display control apparatus and Parameters variation situation, there is the function such as warning, in real time/historical trend, also can generate various form easily.
Matlab software and ADAM intelligence I/O module, intelligent PID module, S7-200PLC and S7-300PLC combine by OPC function by described experiment porch, introduce the various powerful control application toolkit of Matlab/Simulink and mathematical modeling and simulation capacity, realize various more complicated self-defined control algolithm, and in real physical object research and the validity of verification algorithm;
General for VB develop software intelligent I/O module, intelligent PID module, S7-200PLC and S7-300PLC with ADAM combine by OPC function by described experiment porch, utilize VB to develop the self-defined control algolithm of various complexity, and in real physical object research and the validity of verification algorithm;
Described experiment porch is by OPC function, use a set of experiment management software of VB software development, the situation of change of the various site technique parameter of OPC gain-of-function and state can be made full use of, and because VB can calling system, network and database and other I/O resource arbitrarily as general program language, can be the local management of experiment, remote monitoring, performance rating, data-storing, data sharing provide good support.
The present invention provides a kind of Industry Control actual training device of OPC technology, this device is based on OPC mechanism, by easy controlled device, typical industry control device, typical configuration software and common algorithm simulating design software Matlab/Simulink integrate, to show that OPC is in the power of industrial control field and development technique, OPC technology study can be carried out for student, also can be used as and a kind ofly study and verify the platform of self-defined control algolithm.Actual training device of the present invention is made up of controlled device, switch board, main control system.This device is using simple water tank, water pump and pipeline of attaching troops to a unit as experimental subjects, be equipped with the industrial control equipments such as common field instrument, intelligent I/O module, intelligent PID controller, PLC, various control can be implemented to many procedure parameters such as pressure, flow, liquid levels; Based on OPC technology, by above-mentioned typical industry control device and Matlab software, configuration software even the general programming language such as VB integrate, make this device both can complete traditional conventional instrument to control, also the self-defined control that can to form with soft-controller self-defining in Matlab or VB be core, for student is familiar with Automatic Control Theory and Application technical ability, the control algolithm that study factor is new provides good applied environment, simultaneously also for student provides study and the experiment porch applying OPC technology.Experiment management software based on VB and OPC technology exploitation can be the local management of experiment, remote monitoring, performance rating provide good support.This platform is applicable to the use that colleges and universities, scientific research institutions, training organization etc. carry out automated teaching and scientific research.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the experimental subjects structural representation of the Industry Control actual training device based on OPC.
Fig. 2 is the general structure schematic diagram of the control system of Industry Control actual training device based on OPC.
Fig. 3 is the experiment management platform block diagram of the Industry Control actual training device based on OPC.
Fig. 4 is Research on algorithm of single neuron adaptive PID schematic diagram.
Embodiment
In order to illustrate technical scheme of the present invention and technical purpose, below in conjunction with the drawings and the specific embodiments, the present invention is described further.
Based on the Industry Control actual training device of OPC, comprise controlled device, switch board, main control system; Described controlled device is made up of multiple transparent liquid level container, feed flow stream;
Described liquid level container is 3, be respectively the first liquid level container V101, the second liquid level container V102 and the 3rd liquid level container V103, the stream of the bottom discharging tube of the first liquid level container V101 is serially connected with the first discharge opeing hand valve XV301 for controlling discharge opeing resistance, the outlet of the discharging tube of the first liquid level container V101 is connected with the second liquid level container V102; The stream of the bottom discharging tube of the second liquid level container V102 is serially connected with the second discharge opeing hand valve XV302 for controlling discharge opeing resistance, the outlet of the discharging tube of the second liquid level container V102 is connected with the 3rd liquid level container V103; The stream of the bottom discharging tube of the 3rd liquid level container V103 is serially connected with the 3rd discharge opeing hand valve XV303 for controlling discharge opeing resistance, the outlet of the discharging tube of the 3rd liquid level container V103 is connected with tank V104; Described each liquid level container is built-in with overflow groove, and overflow groove outlet is communicated with tank V104 by pipeline, and described liquid level container is made by transparent organic glass, is convenient to experimenter and watches experiment effect;
Described feed flow stream is 2 tunnels, is respectively the first feed flow stream and the second feed flow stream; Described first feed flow stream comprises the first water pump P 101, first feed flow mother pipe, the first electric control valve FV101 and liquid supply electromagnetic valve, the female pipe of described tank V104, the first water pump P 101, first feed flow is communicated with successively by pipeline, described first water pump P 101 exports and is connected in series first flow transmitter FT101 and the first electric control valve FV101 between the female pipe of feed flow, and is connected with the first pressure unit PT101; The female pipe of feed flow is communicated with the first feed liquid pipeline, and the first feed liquid pipeline is serially connected with the first liquid supply electromagnetic valve XV101 for controlling liquid communication, and the outlet of the first feed liquid pipeline is communicated with the first liquid level container V101; The female pipe of feed flow is communicated with the second feed liquid pipeline, and the second feed liquid pipeline is serially connected with the second liquid supply electromagnetic valve XV102 for controlling liquid communication, and the outlet of the second feed liquid pipeline is communicated with the second liquid level container V102; The female pipe of feed flow is communicated with the 3rd feed liquid pipeline, and the 3rd feed liquid pipeline is serially connected with the 3rd liquid supply electromagnetic valve XV103 for controlling liquid communication, and the outlet of the 3rd feed liquid pipeline is communicated with the 3rd liquid level container V103;
Described second feed flow stream comprises the second water pump P 102, second frequency converter FV102, the second feed flow mother pipe and liquid supply electromagnetic valve, the female pipe of described tank V104, the second water pump P 102, second feed flow is communicated with successively by pipeline, described second water pump P 102 exports and is connected in series second transmitter FT102 between the female pipe of feed flow, and is connected with the second pressure unit PT102; The female pipe of feed flow is communicated with the 4th feed liquid pipeline, and the 4th feed liquid pipeline is serially connected with the 4th liquid supply electromagnetic valve XV201 for controlling liquid communication, and the outlet of the 4th feed liquid pipeline is communicated with the first liquid level container V101; The female pipe of feed flow is communicated with the 5th feed liquid pipeline, and the 5th feed liquid pipeline is serially connected with the 5th liquid supply electromagnetic valve XV202 for controlling liquid communication, and the outlet of the 5th feed liquid pipeline is communicated with the second liquid level container V102; The female pipe of feed flow is communicated with the 6th feed liquid pipeline, and the 6th feed liquid pipeline is serially connected with the 6th liquid supply electromagnetic valve XV203 for controlling liquid communication, and the outlet of the 6th feed liquid pipeline is communicated with the 3rd liquid level container V103; The drive motor of the second water pump is directly electrically connected with the second frequency converter FV102.
ADAM intelligence I/O module, hundred special INTELLIGENT PID REGULATOR, S7-200PLC controller, S7-300PLC controller is included in described switch board;
Described ADAM intelligence I/O module comprises ADAM4018p Analog input mModule, ADAM4024 analog output module and ADAM4055 On-off signal output module;
Described hundred special INTELLIGENT PID REGULATOR comprise hundred special XMA5000 INTELLIGENT PID REGULATOR;
Described S7-200PLC controller comprises CPU224 module, EM231 Analog input mModule and EM232 analog output module;
Described S7-300PLC controller comprises: CPU315-2PN/DP module, SM331 Analog input mModule and SM332 analog output module.
Described main control system comprises industrial computer one, and is provided with Matlab software, KingView configuration software, VisualBasicIDE development environment and independently developed experiment management software;
Described main control system connects ADAM4018p analog quantity 8 load module and ADAM4024 module amount 4 output module by RS232-485 converter;
Described main control system connects hundred special XMA5000 intelligent regulators by RS232-485 converter;
Described main control system connects S7-200PLC controller by PPI cable;
Described main control system connects S7-300PLC controller by MPI cable.
Described experiment porch is switched by suitable stream, and connect various fluid level transmitter, flow transmitter, pressure unit, electric control valve, frequency converter and controller in a suitable manner, then both can realize simple single loop list and much more perhaps hold Liquid level, also can realize for the tandem of liquid level, flow parameter, ratio, evenly, the more complicated control program of selectivity, point journey, feedforward etc., even by OPC mechanism, realize the self-defined control of such as fuzzy control, ANN (Artificial Neural Network) Control and so on by Matlab software or VB development system.
Described experiment porch can complete various conventional instrument Control release, comprising: based on ADAM intelligence I/O module and the soft PID Control release of KingView; Based on the hard PID Control release of hundred special XMA-5000 INTELLIGENT PID REGULATOR and KingView; Based on the hard PID Control release of S7-200PLC controller and KingView; Based on the hard PID Control release of S7-300PLC controller and KingView; Described soft PID controls to refer to use the pid control function that in KingView, software provides, hard pid control function then refers to the pid control function using intelligent regulator, PLC device internal hardware provides, generally speaking, hard PID controls to control to have higher reliability and validity than soft PID; Described KingView software has abundant device drives and configuration mode flexibly, can the various monitored picture of configuration easily, and with the state of animate display control apparatus and Parameters variation situation, there is the function such as warning, in real time/historical trend, also can generate various form easily.
Matlab software and ADAM intelligence I/O module, intelligent PID module, S7-200PLC and S7-300PLC combine by OPC function by described experiment porch, introduce the various powerful control application toolkit of Matlab/Simulink and mathematical modeling and simulation capacity, realize various more complicated self-defined control algolithm, and in real physical object research and the validity of verification algorithm;
General for VB develop software intelligent I/O module, intelligent PID module, S7-200PLC and S7-300PLC with ADAM combine by OPC function by described experiment porch, utilize VB to develop the self-defined control algolithm of various complexity, and in real physical object research and the validity of verification algorithm;
Described experiment porch is by OPC function, use a set of experiment management software of VB software development, the situation of change of the various site technique parameter of OPC gain-of-function and state can be made full use of, now because VB can calling system, network and database and other I/O resource arbitrarily as general program language, can be the local management of experiment, remote monitoring, performance rating, data-storing, data sharing provide good support.
Traditional process control realized based on conventional industrial control instrument does not repeat them here, and below introduces the software and hardware communication function implementation and application based on OPC mechanism.
1. realize the communication of Matlab and ADAM intelligence I/O module based on OPC mechanism and control application
1.1ADAM module is arranged as opc server
AdvantechOPCServer Shi Yanhua company is exclusively used in the tool software of ADAM module, support the server of three kinds of communication protocols, comprise and grind magnificent ASCII order (AdamOpc), Modbus-RTU and Modbus-TCP agreement, can be ADAM-4000,5000 and 6000 remote I/O products provides OPC interface.AdvantechOPCServer has two major parts, and one is OPC server working time, and another is OPC configurator.When installing opc server, installation kit is by automatic registrar and important OPC interface, and user can revise OPC configuration by configurator.When an OPC client's side link is to server, working time, server will start automatically.
ADAMOPC configurator (ADAMOPCConfigurator) configuration process comprises following configuration item:
● port (Ports): computer physics port, can arrange baud rate, transmission mode (ASCIIorRTU) etc.;
● equipment (Devices): the module being connected to designated port;
● file (Folders): for organising data item (optional);
● data item (DataItems): represent in equipment or one group of register (being generally the procedure parameter of required read-write), for OPC read-write on client side data.Data item can setting data conversion regime and alarm threshold value, and simulation parameter also can be specified to facilitate test;
The ID of AdvantechOPCServer server is " Advantech.AdamOPCDA.3 ".
1.2Matlab is arranged as OPC client
Comprise OPC_Configuration, OPC_Read and OPC_Write etc. in MatlabOPC tool box, be respectively used to configuration and read-write OPC data, it uses step to comprise substantially:
● input " opcregister (' install') " order, to install OPC core component;
● input " opcreset " order to empty OPC memory variable at the command window of Matlab;
● input " opcserverinfo ", obtains opc server name available on Local or Remote computing machine.Here need realize OPC in the machine, therefore host name is set to localhost.If the opc server of accesses network node, then host name should be the computer name of network node;
● open Simulink, find OPCtoolbox module word bank.Some OPC_Read, OPC_Write, OPC_Configuration modules are wherein dragged in new model window;
● double-click and open OPC_Configuration parameter setting window, select to add " Advantech.AdamOPCDA.3 " in " configureOPCclients " → " Add " → " Select ", be Matlab and specify ADAMOPC server;
● double-click and open OPC_Read or OPC_Write parameter setting window, in " AddItems " the inner ADAM data item specifying in the representative process variable arranged in 1.1 joints; Note in above-mentioned setting up procedure, generally OPC communication mode can be set to " Synchronous (device) ", and its Sampletime is set to 0.This method of synchronization realizes comparatively simple, is applicable to client's number less and with the also less occasion of the data volume of server interaction.And asynchronous system realizes comparatively complicated, need to realize call back function in CLIENT PROGRAM, but when having a large amount of clients and mass data exchanges, the efficiency of asynchronous system is higher, and can avoid the obstruction of customer data request.
● after OPC sets, at Simulink according to the various self-defining control algolithm of common patten's design, and the procedural interface of ADAM intelligence I/O module formation can be sent to by OPC mechanism, finally realize the true control effects to actual physics process.
1.3 experimental applications
If the Liquid level of LT103 fluid level transmitter, FV101 variable valve realization to V103 water tank need be adopted.Then first should set up two memory variables in AdvantechOPC server, as: ADAM_PORT.ADAM_4018p.AI0 and ADAM_PORT.ADAM_4024.AO0 represents LT103 level measurement and FV101 governor valve control value respectively, and namely Matlab reads and writes above-mentioned technological parameter by the opc server AdvantechOPCServer of ADAM module subsequently.
Its control flow is: obtain measured value by ADAM4018p, and passes to Matlab through AdvantechOPCServer by OPC mechanism; After realizing corresponding control algolithm by Matlab again, utilize OPC mechanism, by AdvantechOPCServer, valve position value is returned to ADAM4024 module, to drive FV-101 variable valve, finally realize the automatic control to liquid level.
2. realize the communication of Matlab and hundred special XMA INTELLIGENT PID REGULATOR based on OPC mechanism and control to apply
Hundred special XMA INTELLIGENT PID REGULATOR cannot directly realize OPC function, need by KingView software as intermediary, to realize opc server function.Therefore first should add in KingView and the driver of hundred special XMA regulators is set, and in the data dictionary of KingView, set up corresponding measuring-signal and control to output signal, act on behalf of opc server function by KingView subsequently.
2.1KingView is arranged as opc server
KingView supports server and client side's function of OPC comprehensively, and itself and the application program of support OPC client can be carried out data communication by user easily.Only need set up various engineering variable in the data dictionary of KingView, namely these variablees are read and write for Matlab by OPC.
The opc server mark of KingView is " KingView.View.1 ".
2.2Matlab is as OPC client
It uses shown in step and 1.2 closely similar substantially, and its difference is only:
● during for Matlab appointment opc server, should select " KingView.View.1 ";
● at OPC_Read, OPC_Write parameter setting window, the process variable previously set up in KingView should be selected.
2.3 scheme implementation
If the Liquid level of LT103 fluid level transmitter, FV101 variable valve realization to V103 water tank need be adopted.Then first should set up two memory variables in KingView, as LT103_AI, FV101_AO represents LT103 level measurement and FV101 governor valve control value respectively, and namely Matlab reads and writes above-mentioned technological parameter by KingView software opc server " KingView.View.1 " subsequently.
Its control flow is: obtain measured value by the input end of hundred special regulators, send into KingView, and pass to Matlab through the opc server of KingView by OPC mechanism; After realizing corresponding control algolithm by Matlab again, utilize OPC mechanism by the opc server of KingView, valve position value to be returned to the output terminal of hundred special regulators, to drive FV-101 variable valve, finally realize the automatic control to liquid level.
3. realize the communication of Matlab and S7-200PLC based on OPC mechanism and control application
3.1S7-200 arrange as opc server
PCAccess is the opc server software that Siemens is exclusively used in S7-200PLC, and client Matlab is by the data in PCAccess and read-write S7-200PLC.
First S7-200 needs to be configured opc server as follows:
● setting PCAccess accesses the communication interface of PLC: arrange in " PG/PCInterface " of control panel, generally can adopt PC/PPIcable;
● enter PCAccess working interface, right click " MicroWin " enters the S7-200PLC that " NewPLC " adds monitoring;
● the PLC name that right click is newly added, enters NewFolder or NewItem and adds file or data item (engineering observing and controlling variable), and arrange data item attribute (as title, address etc.);
● after being provided with, also the data item newly created can be dragged to " test client computer " window, by " test client state " Function detection configuration of toolbar and the correctness of communication.
The ID of PCAccess server is " S7-200.OPCServer ".
3.2Matlab is as OPC client
It uses shown in step and 1.2 closely similar substantially, and its difference is only:
● during for Matlab appointment opc server, should select " S7-200.OPCServer ";
● at OPC_Read, OPC_Write parameter setting window, the process variable previously set up in S7-200 should be selected.
3.3 scheme implementation
If the Liquid level of LT103 fluid level transmitter, FV101 variable valve realization to V103 water tank need be adopted.Then first should set up two memory variables in S7-200, as MW0, MW2 represents LT103 level measurement and FV101 governor valve control value respectively, and correct data item is set in PCAccess, namely Matlab reads and writes above-mentioned technological parameter by PCAccessOPC server " S7-200.OPCServer " subsequently.
Its control flow is: expand AI passage by the EM231 in S7-200 system and obtain measured value, the opc server through PCAccess passes to Matlab by OPC mechanism; After realizing corresponding control algolithm by Matlab again, by valve position value, the EM232 returned in S7-200 system expands AO channel output end by the opc server of PCAccess to utilize OPC mechanism, to drive FV-101 variable valve, finally realize the automatic control to liquid level.
4. realize the communication of Matlab and S7-300PLC based on OPC mechanism and control application
S7-300PLC directly cannot realize opc server, and following two kinds of modes can be adopted to realize, and a kind of is utilize KingView first to read process variable in S7-300, and 2.1 ~ 2.3 joint methods of copying realize; Another kind uses the WINCC configuration software of Siemens as intermediary, and realize opc server, this section introduces the latter.
4.1S7-300 arrange as opc server
First need set up some engineering variablees in WINCC, represent tested engineering parameter or control output signal, namely these variablees are read and write for Matlab by OPC
The opc server mark of WINCC is " OPCServer.WinCC ".
4.2Matlab is as OPC client
It uses shown in step and 1.2 closely similar substantially, and its difference is only:
● during for Matlab appointment opc server, should select " OPCServer.WinCC ";
● at OPC_Read, OPC_Write parameter setting window, the process variable be associated with S7-300 previously set up in WINCC should be selected.
4.3 scheme implementation
If the Liquid level of LT103 fluid level transmitter, FV101 variable valve realization to V103 water tank need be adopted.Then first should set up two memory variables in WINCC, as LT103_AI, FV101_AO represents LT103 level measurement and FV101 governor valve control value respectively, and namely Matlab reads and writes above-mentioned technological parameter by the opc server " OPCServer.WinCC " of WINCC subsequently.
Its control flow is: expand AI passage by the SM331 in S7-300 system and obtain measured value, the opc server through WINCC passes to Matlab by OPC mechanism; After realizing corresponding control algolithm by Matlab again, by valve position value, the SM332 returned in S7-300 system expands AO channel output end by the opc server of WINCC to utilize OPC mechanism, to drive FV-101 variable valve, finally realizes the automatic control to liquid level.
5. based on the OPC client programming technology of VB
Respectively saved by above-mentioned 1-4, described and formed procedural interface by various intelligent I/O module, intelligent regulator and PLC, and realized the method for opc server.At present, numerous industrial control instruments, configuration software all provide similar opc server function, for the control model application based on OPC is had laid a good foundation.Introduction utilizes general program language to realize the programming technique of OPC client by this section, due to general program language (VB, VC++, V# etc.) there is the control abilities such as almost unlimited UI interface, communication network, data storage, therefore adopt this kind of programmed method to be that the exploitation of control algolithm and other application function provides possibility and applicability widely.
Because VB language is relatively simple, it is shorter to write the construction cycle, therefore this section only introduces the development approach of OPC client for VB6.0.
The 5.1 OPC automation interfaces setting up VB
First to load OPC automation interface OPCDAAUTO.dll in the engineering of VB program is quoted, if do not had, this dynamic link library can be downloaded from network linking http://www.opcfoundation.com.
Need before exploitation first to quote dynamic link library OPCAauto.dll, operation steps is as follows: under " engineering " menu, select " quoting ", chooses " OPCDAAutomationWrapperx.xx " (x.xx depends on different dll version numbers) here at the window of quoting ejected.Only refer to the dynamic link library OPCAuto.dll file in OPCDAAutomationWrapperx.xx, could server object be created in a program, and carry out the operation of a series of object.The basic step of following general description program development:
The definition of 5.2 variablees
Definition global variable is to apply in the code of any method of forms.In order to avoid program is made mistakes, can add " OptionExplicit " statement in the general statements part of forms, all variablees in representation module all need explicit declaration.Array indexing due to OPC automation interface requires must from 1, and system default is from 0, in order to avoid mistake adds " OptionBase1 " statement at first preferably at code.In order to make object process event, must will add " WithEvents " statement in the statement of MyOPCGroup and MyOPCServer, representing that the object of statement can response events.
Its concrete steps comprise: define a target opc server, for connecting opc server; Define an OPC group set, for managing OPC group; Define an OPC group objects, for managing OPC item; The set of a definition OPC item; Define an OPC item object; Defined item ID object; Definition value object; Definition server handle; Definition client handle; Definition error handle etc.
5.3 connect target opc servers, set up OPC group, add OPC item
Its concrete steps comprise: set up OPCServer server object; Connect OPCServer server, wherein: ServerName is the service name of OPCServer, the ID of such as ADAM modules A dvantechOPCServer server is " Advantech.AdamOPCDA.3 "; ServerNode is the computer structure point title of OPCServer; Set up an OPC group set; Add an OPC group; Set up the set of OPC item; Add the OPC item relevant to industry control parameter, such as ADAM module simulation amount input channel 0 is " ADAM_PORT.ADAM_4018p.AI0 ".
Once OPC item adds successfully in opc server, the identifier that each OPC item one that imparting is added by opc server is unique, this identifier is called server handle.The server handle be endowed will return to OPC CLIENT PROGRAM, and OPC CLIENT PROGRAM is read and write OPC item by handle.
The codes implement that 5.4 formulas of subscribing to read
Subscription formula mode carries out data access, must be " True " " IsSubscribed " setup of attribute of OPC group objects, could trigger " DataChange " event when the data variation in opc server like this, " NumItems " parameter returned in this event shows that how many OPC item changes; " ClientHandles " array returned gives the OPC item id changed value; Return " ItemValues " array then give change after OPC item value.
The synchronous read-write of 5.5 data
The read-write of OPC can be divided into synchronous and asynchronous to operate, for a large amount of data transmission, and preferred asynchronous operation, and for less data manipulation, synchronous operation efficiency is higher.Synchronous read-write respectively available " SyncRead " and " SyncWrite " function realizes.
5.6 operations terminate, and disconnect opc server
Its step comprises: delete the set of whole OPC group; The operations such as the connection of closedown and opc server and releasing memory variable.
6. based on OPC mechanism, by the experiment management software of VB exploitation
Utilize OPC function in native system, develop a set of experiment management software by VB, for arranging experiment, exchanging and can record experimental result and monitor, increase work efficiency.The OPC client development technique based on VB described in upper joint is used in this software, the running status of various industry control device and controlled device and operational factor in reading system, coordinate data base administration, Network Management Function, write an experiment management software, comprise following function, as shown in Figure 3:
● by Homepage Publishing laboratory integration information, comprise teaching programme, experimental courses introduction, rules and regulations, working specification, data drawing list, teaching body, experimental teaching material teaching materials, open laboratory's management, notice, achievement announcement etc.;
● after Teaching Management System of Open Laboratory Telnet, student by asking a question, can take part in discussion, stating one's views, and proposes experiment designed scheme to teacher, registration experiment content and time.Teacher can assistance and solution, introduces relevant knowledge.Student can consult relevant experimental teaching content easily according to the study schedule of oneself.Teacher can inquire about experimental establishment, experiment performance; Can statistics, printing reports, in online announcement;
● system also has the functions such as system monitoring, experimental establishment, field tracer experiment.
7. the single neuron PID controller based on Matlab/Simulink builds example
Provide abundant control tool case in Matlab/Simulink, can realize easily various from conventional PID control to fuzzy control, the predefined control algolithm such as ANN (Artificial Neural Network) Control.Due to the program capability that Matlab/Simulink is powerful, also can be further expanding of control algolithm and various possibility is flexibly provided.Following instance introduces a Single neuron PID control example utilizing Matlab/Simulink to realize.
7.1 Research on algorithm of single neuron adaptive PID
The parameters that PID controls all has obvious physical significance, and structure is simple, easy to adjust, robustness good, and is familiar with for numerous field personnel and design engineer, in automatic control, play huge effect always.But because non-linear, the time extensively existed in actual production process becomes and the factor such as uncertainty, the conventional PID controller of permanent parameter is often difficult to reach desirable control effects.
Utilize the self-learning capability of neural network and approach the ability of arbitrary function, neural network is controlled organically to be combined with traditional PID, the online problem of tuning in real time of PID regulator parameter can be solved to a certain extent, become when to show pair, adaptivity that non-linear object characteristic is good and robustness.
In ANN (Artificial Neural Network) Control, mononeuron is the most basic control assembly.Owing to only there being a neuron, structure is simple, and calculated amount is little, and the weights learning time is short, can obtain good real-time.
Investigate the discrete formula of PID controller:
Wherein: e (k), u (k) are respectively deviation and the controller output valve of the control system in k moment; T is the computer sampling cycle.Write as incremental form:
Δu(k)＝k
p(e(k)-e(k-1))+k
ie(k)T+k
d[e(k)-2e(k-1)+e(k-2)]/T(2)
Use neural network thought, structure single neuron PID controller, as shown in Figure 4.
In figure, neural network is input as:
x
1(k)＝e(k)-e(k-1)
x
2(k)＝e(k)T＝(r(k)-y(k))T(3)
x
3(k)＝[e(k)-2e(k-1)+e(k-2)]/T
Neural network exports:
u(k)＝Kz(k)+u(k-1)(4)
Wherein: w
ik (), i=1,2,3 is weighted value.
Adopt the Hebb learning rules having supervision, the adjustment formula of weight vector is: w
i=η (r
i(k)-o
i(k)) o
i(k) x
i(k).For ensureing convergence and the robustness of this neural network adaptive control learning algorithm, following formula (5) and formula (6) will can be able to after its standardization processing:
Wherein:
w
i(k+1)＝w
i(k)+η
ie(k)u(k)x
i(k)(6)
Here, e (k) is output error signal, η
i, i ∈ P, I, D represent the learning rate of ratio, integration, differential respectively.Single neuron PID controller, by the deviate according to the actual output of control system and desired output, takes specific learning rules, continuous regulating networks weight vector w
ito optimum value w
i*.The adjustment process of network weight also can regard as the Self-tuning System process of PID controller parameter, thus make neuron PID controller for time become and non-linear there is stronger adaptive faculty.
7.2 based on SimulinkS-Builder rapid build single neuron PID module
By the graphic user interface that S-Functionbuilder in Simulink module library provides, build the S-function of C language quickly and easily, for building self-defining single neuron PID module.In this example, seven discrete output variables can be set, and relative set or programming are made to following configuration item:
Initialization: for arranging 7 discrete state variable m1 ~ m7 and initial value thereof, represent e (k) respectively, e (k-1), e (k-2), w
1, w
2, w
3, u, and the discrete sampling time is set;
DataProperties: be used to specify input port r (k), y (k) and output port u (k), and assigned work parameter K, η
1, η
2, η
3, T
s;
Libraries: be used to specify required outer function library, shape is as " #include<math.h>;
DiscreteUpdates: this is state discrete more fresh code most crucial in this example, and its key step comprises: calculate e (k) ~ e (k-2) state; X1 (k) ~ x3 (k) is calculated according to formula (3); W1 (k) ~ w3 (k) state is upgraded according to formula (6); U (k) state is upgraded according to formula (5).
ContinuousDerivatives: this example because of without continuous state variable, therefore does not need;
Outputs: for calculating discrete output variable u (k).
The above, it is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not any pro forma restriction is done to the present invention, although the present invention discloses as above with preferred embodiment, but and be not used to limit the present invention, any those skilled in the art, do not departing within the scope of technical solution of the present invention, make a little change when the technology contents of above-mentioned announcement can be utilized or be modified to the Equivalent embodiments of equivalent variations, in every case be do not depart from technical solution of the present invention content, according to technical spirit of the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention, to any simple amendment that above embodiment is done, equivalent replacement and improvement etc., within the protection domain all still belonging to technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. based on an Industry Control actual training device of OPC, it is characterized in that: comprise controlled device, switch board, main control system; Described controlled device is made up of multiple transparent liquid level container, feed flow stream; Described liquid level container is 3, be respectively the first liquid level container (V101), the second liquid level container (V102) and the 3rd liquid level container (V103), the stream of the bottom discharging tube of the first liquid level container (V101) is serially connected with the first discharge opeing hand valve (XV301) for controlling discharge opeing resistance, the outlet of the discharging tube of the first liquid level container (V101) is connected with the second liquid level container (V102); The stream of the bottom discharging tube of the second liquid level container (V102) is serially connected with the second discharge opeing hand valve (XV302) for controlling discharge opeing resistance, the outlet of the discharging tube of the second liquid level container (V102) is connected with the 3rd liquid level container (V103); The stream of the bottom discharging tube of the 3rd liquid level container (V103) is serially connected with the 3rd discharge opeing hand valve (XV303) for controlling discharge opeing resistance, the outlet of the discharging tube of the 3rd liquid level container (V103) is connected with tank (V104); Described each liquid level container is built-in with overflow groove, and overflow groove outlet is communicated with tank (V104) by pipeline, and described liquid level container is made by transparent organic glass;
Described feed flow stream is 2 tunnels, is respectively the first feed flow stream and the second feed flow stream; Described first feed flow stream comprises the first water pump (P101), the first feed flow mother pipe, the first electric control valve (FV101) and liquid supply electromagnetic valve, described tank (V104), the first water pump (P101), the female pipe of the first feed flow are communicated with successively by pipeline, be connected in series first flow transmitter (FT101) and the first electric control valve (FV101) between described first water pump (P101) outlet and the female pipe of feed flow, and be connected with the first pressure unit (PT101); The female pipe of feed flow is communicated with the first feed liquid pipeline, and the first feed liquid pipeline is serially connected with the first liquid supply electromagnetic valve (XV101) for controlling liquid communication, and the outlet of the first feed liquid pipeline is communicated with the first liquid level container (V101); The female pipe of feed flow is communicated with the second feed liquid pipeline, and the second feed liquid pipeline is serially connected with the second liquid supply electromagnetic valve (XV102) for controlling liquid communication, and the outlet of the second feed liquid pipeline is communicated with the second liquid level container (V102); The female pipe of feed flow is communicated with the 3rd feed liquid pipeline, and the 3rd feed liquid pipeline is serially connected with the 3rd liquid supply electromagnetic valve (XV103) for controlling liquid communication, and the outlet of the 3rd feed liquid pipeline is communicated with the 3rd liquid level container (V103); Described second feed flow stream comprises the second water pump (P102), the second frequency converter (FV102), the second feed flow mother pipe and liquid supply electromagnetic valve, described tank (V104), the second water pump (P102), the female pipe of the second feed flow are communicated with successively by pipeline, be connected in series second transmitter (FT102) between described second water pump (P102) outlet and the female pipe of feed flow, and be connected with the second pressure unit (PT102); The female pipe of feed flow is communicated with the 4th feed liquid pipeline, and the 4th feed liquid pipeline is serially connected with the 4th liquid supply electromagnetic valve (XV201) for controlling liquid communication, and the outlet of the 4th feed liquid pipeline is communicated with the first liquid level container (V101); The female pipe of feed flow is communicated with the 5th feed liquid pipeline, and the 5th feed liquid pipeline is serially connected with the 5th liquid supply electromagnetic valve (XV202) for controlling liquid communication, and the outlet of the 5th feed liquid pipeline is communicated with the second liquid level container (V102); The female pipe of feed flow is communicated with the 6th feed liquid pipeline, and the 6th feed liquid pipeline is serially connected with the 6th liquid supply electromagnetic valve (XV203) for controlling liquid communication, and the outlet of the 6th feed liquid pipeline is communicated with the 3rd liquid level container (V103); The drive motor of the second water pump is directly electrically connected with the second frequency converter (FV102).
2. a kind of Industry Control actual training device based on OPC according to claim 1, is characterized in that: include ADAM intelligence I/O module, hundred special INTELLIGENT PID REGULATOR, S7-200PLC controller, S7-300PLC controller in described switch board;
Described ADAM intelligence I/O module comprises ADAM4018p Analog input mModule, ADAM4024 analog output module and ADAM4055 On-off signal output module;
Described hundred special INTELLIGENT PID REGULATOR comprise hundred special XMA5000 INTELLIGENT PID REGULATOR;
Described S7-200PLC controller comprises CPU224 module, EM231 Analog input mModule and EM232 analog output module;
Described S7-300PLC controller comprises: CPU315-2PN/DP module, SM331 Analog input mModule and SM332 analog output module.
3. a kind of Industry Control actual training device based on OPC according to claim 1-2, it is characterized in that: described main control system comprises industrial computer one, and Matlab software, KingView configuration software, VisualBasicIDE development environment and independently developed experiment management software are installed;
Described main control system connects ADAM4018p analog quantity 8 load module and ADAM4024 module amount 4 output module by RS232-485 converter;
Described main control system connects hundred special XMA5000 intelligent regulators by RS232-485 converter;
Described main control system connects S7-200PLC controller by PPI cable;
Described main control system connects S7-300PLC controller by MPI cable.
4. a kind of Industry Control actual training device based on OPC according to claim 1-3, it is characterized in that: described experiment porch is switched by suitable stream, and connect various fluid level transmitter in a suitable manner, flow transmitter, pressure unit, electric control valve, frequency converter and controller, then both can realize simple single loop list and much more perhaps hold Liquid level, also can realize for liquid level, the tandem of flow parameter, ratio, evenly, selectivity, divide journey, feedover such control program, even by OPC mechanism, such as fuzzy control is realized by Matlab software or VB development system, the self-defined control of ANN (Artificial Neural Network) Control and so on.
5. a kind of Industry Control actual training device based on OPC according to claim 1-4, is characterized in that: described experiment porch can complete various conventional instrument Control release, comprising: based on ADAM intelligence I/O module and the soft PID Control release of KingView; Based on the hard PID Control release of hundred special XMA-5000 INTELLIGENT PID REGULATOR and KingView; Based on the hard PID Control release of S7-200PLC controller and KingView; Based on the hard PID Control release of S7-300PLC controller and KingView; Described soft PID controls to refer to use the pid control function that in KingView, software provides, and hard pid control function then refers to the pid control function using intelligent regulator, PLC device internal hardware provides; Described KingView software can the various monitored picture of configuration easily, and with the state of animate display control apparatus and Parameters variation situation, has the function that warning, in real time/historical trend are such, also can generate various form.
6. a kind of Industry Control actual training device based on OPC according to claim 1-5, it is characterized in that: Matlab software and ADAM intelligence I/O module, intelligent PID module, S7-200PLC and S7-300PLC combine by OPC function by described experiment porch, introduce the various powerful control application toolkit of Matlab/Simulink and mathematical modeling and simulation capacity, realize various more complicated self-defined control algolithm, and in real physical object research and the validity of verification algorithm.
7. a kind of Industry Control actual training device based on OPC according to claim 1-5, it is characterized in that: general for VB develop software intelligent I/O module, intelligent PID module, S7-200PLC and S7-300PLC with ADAM combine by OPC function by described experiment porch, utilize VB to develop the self-defined control algolithm of various complexity, and in real physical object research and the validity of verification algorithm.
8. a kind of Industry Control actual training device based on OPC according to claim 1-5, it is characterized in that: described experiment porch is by OPC function, use a set of experiment management software of VB software development, the situation of change of the various site technique parameter of OPC gain-of-function and state can be made full use of, and because VB can calling system, network and database and other I/O resource arbitrarily as general program language, can be the local management of experiment, remote monitoring, performance rating, data-storing, data sharing provide good support.
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| CN108961977A (en) * | 2018-07-20 | 2018-12-07 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of thermal-hydraulic process variable Teaching of Automatic Control experimental provision |
| CN111812968A (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2020-10-23 | 合肥工业大学 | Fuzzy neural network PID controller-based valve position cascade control method |
| CN114863785A (en) * | 2022-06-15 | 2022-08-05 | 长安大学 | Chemical instrument cognitive experimental device |
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