CN105550534B - A kind of assay method of stress drive coefficient - Google Patents
A kind of assay method of stress drive coefficient Download PDFInfo
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- CN105550534B CN105550534B CN201610147714.4A CN201610147714A CN105550534B CN 105550534 B CN105550534 B CN 105550534B CN 201610147714 A CN201610147714 A CN 201610147714A CN 105550534 B CN105550534 B CN 105550534B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of assay method of stress drive coefficient, comprise the following steps：Step 10)：Gather dynamic strain sample：Grating strain meter is coupled in strain acquisition system, is then acquired using dynamic strain of the grating strain meter to measuring point, forms dynamic strain sample；Step 20)：FIR kaiser window filter parameters are designed, it is ideal low-pass filter to set ideal filtering pattern, determines the cut-off frequency, excessive band and ripple of FIR kaiser window low pass filters；Step 30)：FIR kaiser window low pass filters are generated, dynamic strain sample is filtered；Step 40)：Determine the coefficient of impact of structure partial strain.The coefficient of impact that the assay method can be strained with Accurate Determining structure partial.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is a kind of assay method of stress drive coefficient, it particularly relates to a kind of dynamic strain based on measurement
Sample determines the assay method of the structure partial coefficient of impact.
Background technology
In the design of bridge structure, maintenance, security evaluation and reinforcing process, generally use so-called " coefficient of impact " carrys out table
Levy the severe degree of the lower bridge structure vibration of train effect.It is defined as：Train operation is to (the dynamic of dynamic response caused by structure
Amount of deflection or stress) to the ratio between static reaction (static deflection or stress).If coefficient of impact improper use will greatly influence bridge
Beam builds the economic indicator with safeguarding.The coefficient of impact is typically responded by overall kinetic of the bridge main structure under train load effect
Export, and the local vibration percussion on bridge suffered by some components can not be ignored, and cause bridge structure office by vibration
Portion's stress needs Accurate Calibration.During bridge stress measurement, what is obtained generally only has local dynamic strain time-histories sample.
Therefore, by extracting static strain time-histories in the driven unstrained sample of signal processing means, and the measure of dynamical system numerical value is finally demarcated
Technique study, tool are of great significance.
At present, each building, building field to based on dynamic strain collecting sample determine stress drive coefficient means, share with
Lower several method：(1) experience method of identification：Dynamic strain sample based on collection, pass through empirically determined structure partial position static strain
Time-histories, the coefficient of impact is determined with the static strain peak value obtained by the dynamic strain peak value divided by experience of collecting sample, the method needs
Practitioner has more rich an experience and knowledge, and accuracy is poor；(2) theoretical calculation and subjunctive：This method needs to establish bridge in advance
Girder construction mechanics model or limited element calculation model, and by the way that structure under load action identical with collecting sample is calculated
Local static strain time-histories, dynamical system is finally determined with the dynamic strain peak value of collecting sample divided by the static strain peak value being calculated
Number, accuracy of the method dependent on computation model, feasibility are poor；(3) wavelet packet decomposition：Dynamic strain of this method to collection
Sample carries out WAVELET PACKET DECOMPOSITION, and chooses the low-frequency component in wavelet packet as static strain time-history curves, with the dynamic of collecting sample
Strain peak value divided by the coefficient of impact is determined by the static strain peak value obtained by the low-frequency component of WAVELET PACKET DECOMPOSITION, the method need from
Knowledge in terms of dealer has more rich wavelet packet and in terms of signal transacting, applicability are poor；Therefore, sample is gathered based on dynamic strain
The measure of this structure partial coefficient of impact, it is necessary to study that a kind of feasibility is good, accuracy is high, the new method of strong applicability.
The content of the invention
Goal of the invention：In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of structure partial stress drive
The assay method of coefficient, the vibration signal of the dynamic strain sample medium-high frequency of collection is filtered out using FIR kaysers window filter, obtained
The static strain signal of low frequency, the assay method can be with the coefficients of impact of Accurate Determining local train.
Technical scheme：To achieve the above object, technical scheme is as follows：
A kind of assay method of stress drive coefficient, it is characterised in that the assay method comprises the following steps：
Step 10)：Gather dynamic strain sample：
Grating strain meter is coupled in temperature acquisition system, then utilizes local dynamic strain of the grating strain meter to measuring point
It is acquired, the measuring point dynamic strain information transmission of acquisition into strain acquisition system, is formed dynamic strain sample by grating strain meter,
Dynamic strain sample includes corresponding strain value at different moments under train effect；
Step 20)：Design FIR kaiser window filtering parameters；
Because the relative static strain composition of vibration component is high-frequency signal in the dynamic strain of grating strain meter collection, pass through formula
(1) the ideal filter amplitude of window function is set as ideal low-pass filter：
Mags=[1,0] (1)
According to the first natural frequency of component where the overall first natural frequency of bridge structure and measuring point, formula is utilized
(2) the excessive band of FIR kaiser window low pass filters is determined：
Intermediate zone：Fcuts=[fc, fc+Δf]
In formula, fcFor the cut-off frequency of kaiser window low pass filter, Δ f is kaiser window low pass filter intermediate zone bandwidth, ls
Represent bridge across footpath, v represent went bridge automobile or train speed, fbIt is intrinsic for the first overall rank of bridge structure
Frequency, fcpFor the first natural frequency of bridge measuring point component, fc+ Δ f necessary value is less than fbAnd fcpIn smaller value；
Define pass band damping ApWith stopband attenuation As, and it is translated into the ripple ginseng that triumphant FIR plugs window filter can identify
Number, i.e. ripple, ripple is calculated according to formula (3)：
In formula, ApFor pass band damping, 1 is set under normal circumstances；AsFor stopband attenuation, 10~80dB is set under normal circumstances,
Concrete condition is depending on signal quality is gathered；
Step 30)：FIR kaiser window low pass filter parameters are generated, dynamic strain sample is filtered；
According to the parameter preset of step 20), FIR kaiser window low pass filters are generated based on MATLAB platforms, and answer dynamic
Become sample to be filtered, program code is as follows：
[N, Wn, beta, ftype]=kaiserord (fcuts, mags, dev, fs)；% generates filter parameter
Lbq=fir1 (N, Wn, ftype, kaiser (N+1, beta))；% generates wave filter
Filteringdata=filter (lbq, 1, data)；% with unstrained sample to being filtered
Program is based on MATLAB platforms and program language, is structure partial static strain after the filtering of dynamic strain sample；
Step 40)：Determine the coefficient of impact of structure partial strain；
Being moved using the structure partial of the structure partial static strain (filteringdata) of generation in step 30) and collection should
Become sample (data), the coefficient of impact of structure partial strain is determined by formula (4)：
In formula, max (data) represents the maximum absolute value value of dynamic strain sample, and max (filteringdata) represents sample
The maximum absolute value value of the static strain of gained after filtering, m represent dynamic strain sample flat segments average；Due to being filtered through FIR filter
There is phase delay in the signal after ripple, therefore filtered signal (filteringdata) needs N/2 data point before removing,
To eliminate phase delay effects.
Beneficial effect：Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that：
(1) coefficient of impact of Accurate Determining structure partial strain.The present invention is based on MATLAB platforms and program language, according to
The signal time-history curves of structure partial dynamic strain sample, there is provided the assay method of the coefficient of impact of structure partial strain.Due to
During the strain acquirement of bridge structure, measuring point part static strain time-histories can not be generally obtained, and the dynamic strain signal of structure
Belong to radio-frequency component relative to static strain, ensure that the theoretical correctness of the present invention, coefficient of impact continuous mode physical significance
Clearly.In addition, the present invention by the setting of filter cutoff frequency and transition, controls the precision of measurement result.Cut-off frequency
With effective setting of transition, ensure that measure result it is accurate.
(2) assay method is simple and practical, has good feasibility.The assay method of the present invention is simple and practical, has
Good feasibility, and compensate in the prior art using experience method of identification, theoretical calculation and subjunctive and wavelet packet point
The defects of solution.Meanwhile assay method of the invention is applicable to the local train coefficient of impact at each position of bridge structure
Measure so that this method more has feasibility, accuracy in the coefficient of impact for determining structure partial strain and is applicable
Property, it can be widely popularized and be applied.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 be the embodiment of the present invention collection a train by when bridge structure chord member dynamic strain duration curve.
Fig. 2 is that sample of the embodiment of the present invention filters back axle girder construction chord member static strain duration curve.
Fig. 3 is that the coefficient of impact of the embodiment of the present invention calculates schematic diagram.
Embodiment
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
The present invention uses a kind of assay method of stress drive coefficient, and the assay method comprises the following steps：
Step 10)：Gather dynamic strain sample：
Grating strain meter is coupled in temperature acquisition system, then utilizes local dynamic strain of the grating strain meter to measuring point
It is acquired, the measuring point dynamic strain information transmission of acquisition into strain acquisition system, is formed dynamic strain sample by grating strain meter,
Dynamic strain sample includes corresponding strain value at different moments under train effect；
Step 20)：Design FIR kaiser window filtering parameters；
Because the relative static strain composition of vibration component is high-frequency signal in the dynamic strain of grating strain meter collection, pass through formula
(1) the ideal filter amplitude of window function is set as ideal low-pass filter：
Mags=[1,0] (1)
According to the first natural frequency of component where the overall first natural frequency of bridge structure and measuring point, formula is utilized
(2) the excessive band of FIR kaiser window low pass filters is determined：
Intermediate zone：Fcuts=[fc, fc+Δf]
In formula, fcFor the cut-off frequency of kaiser window low pass filter, Δ f is kaiser window low pass filter intermediate zone bandwidth, ls
Represent bridge across footpath, v represent went bridge automobile or train speed, fbIt is intrinsic for the first overall rank of bridge structure
Frequency, fcpFor the first natural frequency of bridge measuring point component, fc+ Δ f necessary value is less than fbAnd fcpIn smaller value；
Define pass band damping ApWith stopband attenuation As, and it is translated into the ripple ginseng that triumphant FIR plugs window filter can identify
Number, i.e. ripple.Ripple is calculated according to formula (3)：
In formula, ApFor pass band damping, 1 is set under normal circumstances；AsFor stopband attenuation, 10~80dB is set under normal circumstances,
Concrete condition is depending on signal quality is gathered.
Step 30)：FIR kaiser window low pass filter parameters are generated, dynamic strain sample is filtered；
According to the parameter preset of step 20), FIR kaiser window low pass filters are generated based on MATLAB platforms, and answer dynamic
Become sample to be filtered, program code is as follows：
[N, Wn, beta, ftype]=kaiserord (fcuts, mags, dev, fs)；% generates filter parameter
Lbq=fir1 (N, Wn, ftype, kaiser (N+1, beta))；% generates wave filter
Filteringdata=filter (lbq, 1, data)；% with unstrained sample to being filtered
Program is based on MATLAB platforms and program language, is structure partial static strain after the filtering of dynamic strain sample；
Step 40)：Determine the coefficient of impact of structure partial strain；
Being moved using the structure partial of the structure partial static strain (filteringdata) of generation in step 30) and collection should
Become sample (data), the coefficient of impact of structure partial strain is determined by formula (4)：
In formula, max (data) represents the maximum absolute value value of dynamic strain sample, and max (filteringdata) represents sample
The maximum absolute value value of the static strain of gained after filtering, m represent dynamic strain sample flat segments average, it should be noted that due to warp
There is phase delay in the filtered signal of FIR filter, therefore filtered signal (filteringdata) needs to remove preceding N/
2 data points, to eliminate phase delay effects.
Embodiment
Below by taking the dynamic strain collecting sample of Nanjing Foundations of Dashengguan Changjiang River Bridge main arch ring top boom as an example, illustrate the present invention's
Specific implementation process.
Obtaining steel truss arched bridge main arch ring chord member measuring point using grating strain meter, certain train passed through on March 6th, 2015
When bridge structure chord member dynamic strain sample data, for its duration curve as shown in figure 1, in Fig. 1, ordinate represents strain, single
Position is microstrain (μ ε)；Abscissa represents time point, unit：Second, grating strain meter 50 strain values of collection per second；Set kayser
Window filter amplitude is ideal low-pass filter mags=[1,0], according to spanning length, road speed, bridge structure it is overall the
The first natural frequency of component where first natural frequency and measuring point, determine the excessive band of FIR kaiser window low pass filters
Fcuts, calculate kaiser window Filter ripple dev；According to parameter preset, FIR kaiser window low pass filtereds are generated based on MATLAB platforms
Ripple device, and dynamic strain sample (data) is filtered, generate local static strain signal filteringdata, local static strain
Duration curve is as shown in Fig. 2 in fig. 2, ordinate represents strain, and unit is microstrain (μ ε)；Abscissa represents time point, single
Position：Second；Maximum, the maximum of static strain duration curve of dynamic strain duration curve are extracted, calculates dynamic strain flat segments average,
Finally the coefficient of impact of measure Nanjing Foundations of Dashengguan Changjiang River Bridge main arch ring top boom strain is：1.0787 schematic diagram such as Fig. 3.
Described above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that：For the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications also should
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of assay method of stress drive coefficient, it is characterised in that the assay method comprises the following steps：
Step 10)：Gather dynamic strain sample：
Grating strain meter is coupled in temperature acquisition system, then carried out using local dynamic strain of the grating strain meter to measuring point
The measuring point dynamic strain information transmission of acquisition into strain acquisition system, is formed dynamic strain sample by collection, grating strain meter, and moving should
Become sample and include corresponding strain value at different moments under train effect；
Step 20)：Design FIR kaiser window filtering parameters；
Because the relative static strain composition of vibration component is high-frequency signal in the dynamic strain of grating strain meter collection, set by formula (1)
The ideal filter amplitude for determining window function is ideal low-pass filter：
Mags=[1,0] (1)
According to the first natural frequency of component where the overall first natural frequency of bridge structure and measuring point, utilize formula (2)
Determine the intermediate zone of FIR kaiser window low pass filters：
In formula, fcFor the cut-off frequency of kaiser window low pass filter, Δ f is kaiser window low pass filter intermediate zone bandwidth, lsRepresent
The across footpath of bridge, v represent went bridge automobile or train speed, fbFor the intrinsic frequency of the first rank that bridge structure is overall
Rate, fcpFor the first natural frequency of bridge measuring point component, fc+ Δ f necessary value is less than fbAnd fcpIn smaller value；
Define pass band damping ApWith stopband attenuation As, and the ripple parameter that FIR kaysers window filter can identify is translated into,
That is ripple, ripple is calculated according to formula (3)：
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In formula, ApFor pass band damping, 1 is set under normal circumstances；AsFor stopband attenuation, 10~80dB is set under normal circumstances, specifically
Situation is depending on signal quality is gathered；
Step 30)：FIR kaiser window low pass filter parameters are generated, dynamic strain sample is filtered；
According to the parameter preset of step 20), FIR kaiser window low pass filters are generated based on MATLAB platforms, and to dynamic strain sample
Originally it is filtered, program is based on MATLAB platforms and program language, is structure partial static strain after the filtering of dynamic strain sample；
Step 40)：Determine the coefficient of impact of structure partial strain；
Using the structure partial static strain of generation in step 30) and the structure partial dynamic strain sample of collection, determined by formula (4)
The coefficient of impact of structure partial strain：
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In formula, max (data) represents the maximum absolute value value of dynamic strain sample, and max (filteringdata) represents sample filtering
The maximum absolute value value of the static strain of gained afterwards, m represent dynamic strain sample flat segments average.
A kind of 2. assay method of stress drive coefficient according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Due to through FIR filter
There is phase delay in filtered signal, therefore filtered signal needs N/2 data point before removing, to eliminate phase delay
Influence.
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Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104215421A (en) * | 2014-09-11 | 2014-12-17 | 华北水利水电大学 | Quick bridge impact coefficient determination method |
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| CN104215421A (en) * | 2014-09-11 | 2014-12-17 | 华北水利水电大学 | Quick bridge impact coefficient determination method |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| A STUDY ON MODELING OF STRESS-STRAIN RELATIONSHIP AND PANEL POINTS OF STEEL TRUSS BRIDGES USED IN DYNAMIC RESPONSE ANALYSIS;A. MICHITANI et al.;《The 13th East Asia-Pacific Conference on Structural Engineering and Construction(EASEC-13)》;20130911;1-8 * |
| 桥梁行车动力响应的测试评价方法研究;徐绪绪;《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库 工程科技Ⅱ辑》;20140615(第06期);C034-247 * |
| 轨道梁在磁浮列车以共振速度通过时动力响应分析;时瑾等;《工程力学》;20121225;第29卷(第12期);196－203 * |
| 铁路钢-混凝土结合梁动力系数试验研究及参数分析;李运生等;《振动与冲击》;20140615;第33卷(第11期);189－194 * |
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