CN105548918A - Device for measuring terrestrial magnetism horizontal component - Google Patents
Device for measuring terrestrial magnetism horizontal component Download PDFInfo
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- CN105548918A CN105548918A CN201610076051.1A CN201610076051A CN105548918A CN 105548918 A CN105548918 A CN 105548918A CN 201610076051 A CN201610076051 A CN 201610076051A CN 105548918 A CN105548918 A CN 105548918A
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- coil
- horizontal component
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/02—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux
- G01R33/038—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux using permanent magnets, e.g. balances, torsion devices
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device for measuring a terrestrial magnetism horizontal component, comprising a coil, a suspension device, and a torsion amplification device. The coil is suspended in the air through the suspension device and is twisted under the action of the terrestrial magnetism after being electrified; the torsion amplification device performs display amplification on the torsion angle of the coil; and the terrestrial magnetism horizontal component can be obtained through measuring the result after display amplification. The device for measuring the terrestrial magnetism horizontal component utilizes the mechanics and the optics principle, can accurately measure the magnitude of the geomagnetic field and is simple in operation and low in cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of measurement mechanism, be specifically related to a kind of device measuring geomagnetism horizontal component, the invention belongs to physical detection instrument field.
Background technology
Current a kind of device measuring geomagnetism horizontal component is few, the measurement device geomagnetism horizontal component that the people such as Gao Jiandong utilize spherical and square bias coil to do, but its device makes difficulty, and comparatively complexity, cost is high.
Summary of the invention
For solving the deficiencies in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of device measuring geomagnetism horizontal component, making difficulty to solve prior-art devices, comparatively complicated, the technical matters that cost is high.
In order to realize above-mentioned target, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of device measuring geomagnetism horizontal component, it is characterized in that, comprise: coil, suspender, torsion multiplying arrangement, coil is suspended in the air by suspender, and reverse under ground magnetic action after powered up, reverse multiplying arrangement and the windup-degree of coil is carried out display amplification, obtain geomagnetism horizontal component by the result after measuring display amplification.
Aforesaid a kind of device measuring geomagnetism horizontal component, is characterized in that, at coil windup-degree and coil completely finally static after, the result after amplifying display is measured, and obtains geomagnetism horizontal component.
Aforesaid a kind of device measuring geomagnetism horizontal component, is characterized in that, when coil is not energized, the normal direction of coil plane is vertical with geomagnetic horizontal direction.
Aforesaid a kind of device measuring geomagnetism horizontal component, is characterized in that, by the initial rest position of compass determination coil.
Aforesaid a kind of device measuring geomagnetism horizontal component, is characterized in that, described suspender comprises suspension wire, stiff end, and described suspension wire one end is connected and fixed end, other end connecting coil.
Aforesaid a kind of device measuring geomagnetism horizontal component, it is characterized in that, hang wire and comprise the first suspension wire, the second suspension wire, stiff end comprises fixing top, fixing bottom, coil comprises relative two ends, and first one end hanging wire is connected and fixed top, one end of the other end connecting coil of the first suspension wire, second one end hanging wire is connected and fixed bottom, the other end of the other end connecting coil of the first suspension wire.
Aforesaid a kind of device measuring geomagnetism horizontal component, is characterized in that, reverses multiplying arrangement and the angle of the rotation of measuring coil has been transformed into the displacement measuring laser spot.
Aforesaid a kind of device measuring geomagnetism horizontal component, it is characterized in that, described torsion multiplying arrangement comprises mirror assembly, optical screen, optical spot generation device, the luminous point that photoelectricity generation device produces is beaten on mirror assembly, and be presented on optical screen by mirror assembly, mirror assembly is connected with coil, and follows coil torsion and reverse.
Aforesaid a kind of device measuring geomagnetism horizontal component, it is characterized in that, described mirror assembly comprises the first catoptron, and described first catoptron is fixedly connected with coil, and the luminous point that photoelectricity generation device produces is shown on optical screen by the first catoptron reflective.
Usefulness of the present invention is: a kind of device measuring geomagnetism horizontal component of the present invention has used mechanics, optical principle, has measured the size in magnetic field of the earth accurately, simple to operate, with low cost.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation preferably implemented measuring the device of modulus of elasticity in shear of materials of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a kind of laser path schematic diagram measuring the device of modulus of elasticity in shear of materials of the present invention.
The implication of Reference numeral in figure:
1, coil, 2, first hangs wire, and 3, second hangs wire, the 4, first catoptron, and 5, fixing top, 6, fixing bottom, 7, optical screen, 8, optical spot generation device.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, concrete introduction is done to the present invention.
With reference to shown in Fig. 1, a kind of device measuring geomagnetism horizontal component of the present invention, comprise: coil 1, suspender, torsion multiplying arrangement, coil 1 is suspended in the air by suspender, and reverse under ground magnetic action after powered up, reverse multiplying arrangement and the windup-degree of coil 1 is carried out display amplification, obtain geomagnetism horizontal component by the result after measuring display amplification.
The present invention does not limit the result of suspender, the structure reversing multiplying arrangement is not limited yet, as preferably, following examples all give a kind of example, but those skilled in the art can copy below example and prior art to suspender, reverse multiplying arrangement and transform.
First principle of the present invention is introduced.
We fix a coil 1 with two copper wires, and ensure that the rotational angle of coil 1 equals the windup-degree of copper wire, copper wire is connected with extraneous power supply.Initial time is vertical with geomagnetic horizontal direction the normal direction of coil plane.By means of a compass when determining the initial rest position of coil 1.We give coil 1 galvanization, and coil 1 can be subject to the applying magnetic torque of geomagnetism horizontal component, because driven the torsion of copper wire when coil 1 rotates, so coil 1 can be subject to the reactive torque that copper wire applies simultaneously.Coil 1 finally balances under the effect of two moments, after coil 1 is static, departs from an angle of initial rest position.More particularly,
During round shaft distorion, if maximum shear is no more than the proportional limit of material, its torsion angle formula:
Wherein, M
xbe the moment of torsion on copper wire xsect, L is the length of copper wire, and G is the modulus of shearing of material, I
pbe xsect pair cross-section centre of form polar moment of inertia, xsect is circular.
If copper wire rotates an angle θ, then the moment of torsion of copper wire bottom on xsect is:
Order:
A copper wire is closely connected with coil 1 upper end by we, and another root copper wire is closely connected with coil 1 lower end, makes the rotational angle of coil 1 equal the windup-degree of copper wire, and two copper wires are connected with extraneous power supply.
Fix a catoptron at coil 1 center, we beat at mirror center by beam of laser with certain incident angle, form luminous point after light point reflection on screen.
Initial time, makes the normal direction of coil plane vertical with geomagnetism horizontal component, and during obstructed electric current, coil 1 system is subject to the pulling force of gravity and copper wire, is in static, and the position now residing for coil is called initial rest position.
We give coil 1 galvanization, and coil 1 is subject to magnetic torque M
1the reactive torque M given is rotated with copper wire
2, when coil 1 last static time, the angle between the position that now coil 1 is static and initial rest position is θ, and luminous point moves a certain distance, and now has M
1=M
2, namely
kθ＝NBIScosθ
Can obtain:
Wherein, L is the total length of two copper wires, and N is the number of turn of coil 1, I be coil 1 the electric current that leads to, θ is the angle that coil 1 departs from initial rest position, and d is the diameter of copper wire, and B is the size of the horizontal component of earth magnetism.
We derive the computing formula of geomagnetism horizontal component according to the stress balance of coil 1:
Wherein, k is the torque coefficient of material, and N is the number of turn of coil 1, I be coil 1 the electric current that leads to, θ is the angle that coil 1 departs from initial rest position, and s is the area that coil 1 surrounds.
Because the angle theta in coil 1 energising situation between last equilibrium position and initial rest position is very little, not easily measure, we add the part of a laser amplifier in a device, secure a catoptron in the inside of coil 1, the angle of the rotation of measuring coil 1 has been transformed into the displacement measuring laser spot.Its rotational angle amplifies with laser reflection path by we, is summarised in the path of laser in following triangle model, only need measure the distance of luminous point movement, just can know rotational angle.
Fig. 2 is the geometric model in our laser reflection path, according to the cosine law and sine, derives the conversion formula of corner and luminous point displacement:
namely this is deflection angle computing formula.
Next the tittle measured on the right of geomagnetism horizontal component computing formula just can measure the size of geomagnetism horizontal component.
The present invention be at coil 1 windup-degree and coil 1 completely finally static after, the result after amplifying display is measured, and obtains geomagnetism horizontal component.After coil 1 is completely finally static, its angle reversed also just is determined completely, and various disturbing factor therefore can be avoided the impact of measurement result, and therefore, the degree of accuracy of the size of the geomagnetism horizontal component that the present invention records can be very high.
It should be noted that, the present invention does not limit suspender, reverses the concrete structure of multiplying arrangement, but as preferred, suspender comprises suspension wire, stiff end, hangs wire one end and is connected and fixed end, other end connecting coil 1.
Further, the present invention does not limit the quantity hanging wire, the binding site of material, suspension wire and coil 1.But as preferred, hang wire and comprise the first suspension wire 2, second suspension wire 3, stiff end comprises fixing top 5, fixing bottom 6, coil 1 comprises relative two ends, first one end hanging wire 2 is connected and fixed top 5, one end of the other end connecting coil 1 of the first suspension wire 2, second one end hanging wire is connected and fixed the other end that bottom 6, first hangs the other end connecting coil 1 of wire 2.
Same, the present invention does not limit the concrete structure reversing multiplying arrangement, as preferably, reverse multiplying arrangement and comprise mirror assembly, optical screen 7, optical spot generation device 8, the luminous point that photoelectricity generation device 8 produces is beaten on mirror assembly, and being presented on optical screen by mirror assembly, mirror assembly is connected with coil 1, and follows coil 1 and reverse and reverse.
Further, the present invention does not limit the concrete structure of mirror assembly, and as preferably, mirror assembly comprises the first catoptron 4, described first catoptron 4 is fixedly connected with coil 1, and the luminous point that photoelectricity generation device produces passes through the first catoptron 4 reflective display on optical screen.
The present embodiment has led to the electric current of different size to respectively coil 1, and the earth magnetism size measured with this device and the geomagnetism horizontal component measurement mechanism of existing apparatus contrast.
Some values of consult volume of embodiment of the present invention device are as table one, and need to illustrate, these device values of consult volume, those skilled in the art completely can according to the actual test that makes alterations, and the present invention just illustrates as preferred embodiment.The experimental data obtained according to table one is as following table two:
Table one: the value of consult volume of embodiment of the present invention device
Table one: experimental result
As can be seen from upper table we, the present invention has very accurately measured the size of geomagnetism horizontal component.
More than show and describe ultimate principle of the present invention, principal character and advantage.The technician of the industry should understand, and above-described embodiment does not limit the present invention in any form, the technical scheme that the mode that all employings are equal to replacement or equivalent transformation obtains, and all drops in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. measure the device of geomagnetism horizontal component for one kind, it is characterized in that, comprise: coil, suspender, torsion multiplying arrangement, coil is suspended in the air by suspender, and reverse under ground magnetic action after powered up, reverse multiplying arrangement and the windup-degree of coil is carried out display amplification, obtain geomagnetism horizontal component by the result after measuring display amplification.
2. a kind of device measuring geomagnetism horizontal component according to claim 1, is characterized in that, at coil windup-degree and coil completely finally static after, the result after amplifying display is measured, and obtains geomagnetism horizontal component.
3. a kind of device measuring geomagnetism horizontal component according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, when coil is not energized, the normal direction of coil plane is vertical with geomagnetic horizontal direction.
4. a kind of device measuring geomagnetism horizontal component according to claim 3, is characterized in that, by the initial rest position of compass determination coil.
5. a kind of device measuring geomagnetism horizontal component according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described suspender comprises suspension wire, stiff end, and described suspension wire one end is connected and fixed end, other end connecting coil.
6. a kind of device measuring geomagnetism horizontal component according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, hang wire and comprise the first suspension wire, the second suspension wire, stiff end comprises fixing top, fixing bottom, coil comprises relative two ends, and first one end hanging wire is connected and fixed top, one end of the other end connecting coil of the first suspension wire, second one end hanging wire is connected and fixed bottom, the other end of the other end connecting coil of the first suspension wire.
7. a kind of device measuring geomagnetism horizontal component according to claim 6, is characterized in that, reverses multiplying arrangement and the angle of the rotation of measuring coil has been transformed into the displacement measuring laser spot.
8. a kind of device measuring geomagnetism horizontal component according to any one of claim 1 to 7, it is characterized in that, described torsion multiplying arrangement comprises mirror assembly, optical screen, optical spot generation device, the luminous point that photoelectricity generation device produces is beaten on mirror assembly, and be presented on optical screen by mirror assembly, mirror assembly is connected with coil, and follows coil torsion and reverse.
9. a kind of device measuring geomagnetism horizontal component according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, described mirror assembly comprises the first catoptron, and described first catoptron is fixedly connected with coil, and the luminous point that photoelectricity generation device produces is shown on optical screen by the first catoptron reflective.
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| CN201610076051.1A CN105548918B (en) | 2016-02-03 | 2016-02-03 | Measure earth magnetism horizontal component's device |
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| CN201610076051.1A CN105548918B (en) | 2016-02-03 | 2016-02-03 | Measure earth magnetism horizontal component's device |
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| CN105548918A true CN105548918A (en) | 2016-05-04 |
| CN105548918B CN105548918B (en) | 2020-01-14 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105716966A (en) * | 2016-02-03 | 2016-06-29 | 南京信息工程大学 | Device for measuring elastic shear modulus of material |
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| JPH06265611A (en) * | 1993-03-11 | 1994-09-22 | Hitachi Ltd | Magnetic-field measuring apparatus |
| CN200950165Y (en) * | 2006-08-10 | 2007-09-19 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Earth magnetic field induction device |
| CN103076509A (en) * | 2012-11-27 | 2013-05-01 | 华南农业大学 | Micro-power measuring device and method based on precise torsion balance cycle method |
| CN202995052U (en) * | 2012-06-05 | 2013-06-12 | 郑州晶微电子科技有限公司 | Instrument for measuring geomagnetic declination and inclination |
| CN104101907A (en) * | 2013-07-30 | 2014-10-15 | 高建东 | Device for measuring geomagnetic field vector by square bias coil |
| CN205749855U (en) * | 2016-02-03 | 2016-11-30 | 南京信息工程大学 | A kind of device measuring geomagnetism horizontal component |
-
2016
- 2016-02-03 CN CN201610076051.1A patent/CN105548918B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH06265611A (en) * | 1993-03-11 | 1994-09-22 | Hitachi Ltd | Magnetic-field measuring apparatus |
| CN200950165Y (en) * | 2006-08-10 | 2007-09-19 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Earth magnetic field induction device |
| CN202995052U (en) * | 2012-06-05 | 2013-06-12 | 郑州晶微电子科技有限公司 | Instrument for measuring geomagnetic declination and inclination |
| CN103076509A (en) * | 2012-11-27 | 2013-05-01 | 华南农业大学 | Micro-power measuring device and method based on precise torsion balance cycle method |
| CN104101907A (en) * | 2013-07-30 | 2014-10-15 | 高建东 | Device for measuring geomagnetic field vector by square bias coil |
| CN205749855U (en) * | 2016-02-03 | 2016-11-30 | 南京信息工程大学 | A kind of device measuring geomagnetism horizontal component |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105716966A (en) * | 2016-02-03 | 2016-06-29 | 南京信息工程大学 | Device for measuring elastic shear modulus of material |
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