CN105536996B - Electric dust remover - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides an electric dust removal device, which belongs to the technical field of gas purification. The utility model solves the technical problems of the existing electrostatic precipitator that the cleaning is troublesome, the cleaning frequency is high, and the effective working time is short. The electrostatic precipitator includes a closed casing, a rotating shaft and a plurality of anode plates that can rotate around the shaft. The rotating shaft is horizontally arranged in the casing, and the plurality of anode plates are sleeved on the rotating shaft, and each anode plate is circumferentially connected to the rotating shaft. Fixed, a cathode line and a scraper are arranged between two adjacent anode plates, the cathode line is suspended, the inner end of the scraper is close to the rotating shaft, the outer end of the scraper extends out of the anode plate and is fixed on the casing, and the bottom of the casing is provided with There is a dust collection bin, which is located under the scraper. The present invention can continue to work even when there is a lot of dust in the flue gas, only need to open the casing regularly to clear the dust on the dust collecting bin, which greatly improves the effective working time of the electrostatic precipitator.

Description

An electrostatic precipitator

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of gas purification, and relates to an electric dust removal device.

Background technique

Electrostatic precipitation is a kind of gas dust removal method. It is a dust collection method that uses the electrostatic field to ionize the gas so that the dust particles are charged and adsorbed on the electrode. Positive ions and electrons encounter dust particles in the process of electrons rushing to the positive electrode, so that the dust particles are negatively charged and adsorbed to the positive electrode to be collected, and tend to be discharged and deposited on the surface of the positive electrode. Electrostatic precipitator is widely used in metallurgy, chemical and other industrial fields to purify gas or recover useful dust particles. Coal-fueled factories and power stations collect coal ash and dust in flue gas; it is often used in metallurgy to collect oxides such as tin, zinc, lead, aluminum, etc., and there are also dust removal and sterilization products that can be used in households. Of course, Through technological innovation, there are also ways to collect dust with negative plates.

Ordinary purifiers use filter bags to filter dust. After a long time, the dust will accumulate more and more, which will easily cause the filter bag to be blocked, which not only has no sterilization effect, but also easily causes secondary pollution. The electrostatic precipitator technology has the following advantages:

(1) High dust removal efficiency;

(2) It can purify a large amount of air;

(3) The particle size range that can be removed is wide;

(4) It can purify dusty flue gas with high temperature;

(5) The structure is simple, the airflow velocity is low, and the pressure loss is small;

(6) Energy consumption is lower than other types of dust collectors;

(7) The electrostatic precipitator can realize microcomputer control and remote operation.

For example, the electrostatic precipitator with the application number of "201010109611.1" includes a casing, the two ends of the casing are respectively provided with air inlets and exhaust ports, and the casing is provided with a number of cathode lines, anode plates and cathode line rapping devices, The cathode line is connected with the cathode line rapping device, the cathode line is parallel to the anode plate, and the anode plate includes a number of dust collecting sheets; the air inlet is perpendicular to the central axis of the casing and is spaced with a number of airflow guide plates, and the adjacent airflow guide plates are arranged between them. There is an air inlet channel baffle between them, and the airflow guide plate includes a number of guide pieces that are symmetrically distributed in a figure-eight shape along its center line. The airflow guide plate and the air inlet channel baffle are generally on the same plane, and the airflow guide plate and the anode The plates are arranged vertically; the anode plate includes a first anode plate and a second anode plate, the plane where the dust-collecting sheet of the first anode plate is located forms a positive acute angle with the central axis of the casing, and the plane where the dust-collecting sheet of the second anode plate is located is at a positive angle with the casing. The central axis forms a negative acute angle, and both ends of the first anode plate and the second anode plate are respectively connected with the airflow guide plate and the exhaust port channel baffle.

However, although the electrostatic precipitator can effectively adsorb the dust in the gas to the anode plate at the beginning, after the electrostatic precipitator is used for a period of time, a lot of dust adheres to the anode plate, which affects the dust removal effect of the electrostatic precipitator. Therefore, it is necessary to disassemble the anode plate for cleaning, and then assemble it back, which is more troublesome to clean, especially when there is a lot of dust in the gas to be treated, in order to ensure the dust removal effect of the electrostatic precipitator, it may be necessary to clean it several times a day. The effective working time is short and the operation is very inconvenient.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Aiming at the above problems in the prior art, the present invention provides an electrostatic precipitator. The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: how to improve the effective working time of the electrostatic precipitator.

The object of the present invention can be realized through the following technical solutions:

An electrostatic precipitator device comprising a closed casing, characterized in that the electrostatic precipitator device further comprises a rotating shaft and a plurality of anode plates that can rotate around the axis, the rotating shaft is horizontally arranged on the casing Inside, a plurality of anode plates are sleeved on the rotating shaft and each anode plate is circumferentially fixed with the rotating shaft, a cathode wire and a scraper are arranged between two adjacent anode plates, and the cathode wire is suspended in the air , the inner end of the scraper is close to the rotating shaft, the outer end of the scraper extends out of the anode plate and is fixed on the casing, the bottom of the casing is provided with a dust collection bin, and the dust bin is located on the scraper below.

Its working principle is as follows: in the above-mentioned electrostatic precipitator device, the electrostatic precipitator device also includes an air inlet, an air outlet and a motor for driving the rotation of the shaft, and the air inlet and air outlet are arranged at the lower end of the side wall of the casing and They are located on both sides of the rotating shaft, the anode plate is connected to the anode point of the power supply, the cathode line is connected to the negative point of the power supply, and the anode plate and the cathode line are insulated. The design of the cathode wire and the scraper between the two adjacent anode plates can make the dust between the cathode wire and the anode plate ionized by the electrostatic field between the two so as to be adsorbed on the anode plate, and then pass between the anode plates. The scraper scrapes off the dust adsorbed on the anode plate, and collects the dust hung by the scraper through the dust collection bin set under the scraper, so that the dust on the anode plate is not too thick to ensure the ionization of the electrostatic field and the anode The performance of the plate to absorb dust; the electrostatic precipitator can continue to work when there is a lot of dust in the flue gas, just open the casing regularly to clean the dust on the dust collection bin, which greatly improves the effective work of the electrostatic precipitator. time.

In the above-mentioned electrostatic precipitator, a fixed scraper is arranged between two adjacent anode plates, the lower end of the fixed scraper is fixedly connected with the casing, and two fixed scrapers are arranged on the fixed scraper. A scraper for scraping off the dust on the anode plate, both scrapers are detachably fixed with the fixed scraper. The design of the fixed scraper can improve the firmness of the scraper after installation, and the detachable and fixed design enables the electrostatic precipitator to replace scrapers of different materials according to the composition of dust in the environment, which is beneficial to improve the efficiency of dust removal and the effect of dust scraping. The effective working time of the electrostatic precipitator is improved.

In the above-mentioned electrostatic precipitator, two scrapers are respectively arranged on the same side of the fixed scraper and symmetrically arranged with respect to the central axis of the fixed scraper, the fixed scraper is provided with a mounting hole for installing the scraper, the The scraper is provided with an elongated through hole matched with the installation hole, and the lengthwise direction of the elongated throughhole corresponds to the lengthwise direction of the rotating shaft. The design of the long through holes on the scraper can make the scraper move left and right as needed, so as to adjust the distance between the scraper and the anode plate, so as to control the thickness of the dust on the anode plate, so that the electrostatic precipitator can cope with various environments, and The high dust removal efficiency is always maintained, which improves the effective working time of the electrostatic precipitator.

In the above-mentioned electrostatic precipitator device, the electrostatic precipitator device further comprises a cathode fixing frame, the cathode fixing frame is fixedly connected with the casing and provided with insulation, and the upper end of the cathode wire is fixedly connected with the cathode fixing frame. The insulating arrangement of the cathode fixing frame and the casing can avoid the connection of the circuit after the cathode wire and the anode plate are connected, so that no electrostatic field is generated between the cathode wire and the anode plate, so as to ensure that the electrostatic precipitator can work normally all the time.

In the above-mentioned electrostatic precipitator, the anode plate is circular, the cathode line includes a first cathode line and a second cathode line, the length of the first cathode line is shorter than that of the second cathode line, and the The first cathode line is located above the rotating shaft, the distance between the lower end of the first cathode line and the rotating shaft is greater than the distance between the upper end of the scraper and the rotating shaft, and the vertical distance between the second cathode line and the rotating shaft is greater than the distance between the scraper and the rotating shaft. vertical distance. The design of the length and position of the first cathode line and the second cathode line enables the scraper to scrape off all the dust attached to the anode plate without leaving a dead angle, avoiding the connection between the cathode line and the anode plate through dust due to excessive dust The occurrence of this situation is conducive to improving the safety of the electrostatic precipitator, and at the same time, it can also improve the effective working time of the electrostatic precipitator.

In the above-mentioned electrostatic precipitator, the electrostatic precipitator further comprises a positioning plate arranged along the length direction of the rotating shaft, the positioning plate is fixedly connected with the lower end of the second cathode wire, and the length of the second cathode wire is longer than the length of the second cathode wire. the diameter of the anode plate. The design of the positioning plate can fix the lower end of the second cathode wire, avoid the lower end of the second cathode wire from shaking left and right during operation, and prevent the lower end of the second cathode wire from contacting the anode plate, which improves the safety of the electrostatic precipitator. At the same time, the effective working time of the electrostatic precipitator is improved.

In the above-mentioned electrostatic precipitator, the cathode fixing frame includes a support frame, a cross bar and a support bar, the support frame is square, and the length direction of the support frame is equivalent to the length direction of the rotating shaft, so The upper end of the cathode wire is fixed on the crossbar, the crossbar is arranged on the support frame at intervals along the length direction of the rotating shaft, the two ends of the crossbar are fixedly connected with the support frame, and the support rod It is located between the support frame and the casing, and an insulating device is arranged between the support rod and the casing. The square design of the support frame can be matched with the arrangement of the anode plate on the rotating shaft, so that the cathode wire can be stably fixed between the anode plates, and the effect of stable dust removal can be achieved.

In the above-mentioned electrostatic precipitator, the cathode wire includes a steel core material and a spiral corona wire, one end of the spiral corona wire is connected with a rotatable fan blade, and the spiral corona wire can It rotates around the core material under the action. When the electrostatic precipitator is working, the gas in the casing must be flowing. The above-mentioned spiral corona wire can rotate around the core material under the action of wind, so that the spiral corona wire can be used in the working process of the electrostatic precipitator. Keep rotating all the time to avoid too much dust adhering to the surface of the cathode line for too long working time, resulting in the deterioration of the ionization effect between the cathode line and the anode plate, which affects the dust removal effect of the electrostatic precipitator; at the same time, this design can also avoid excessive dust. The surface of the cathode wire is attached to the cathode wire and the cathode wire is short-circuited with the anode plate, which improves the safety of the electrostatic precipitator.

Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:

In this electrostatic precipitator, the anode plate and the rotating shaft are circumferentially fixed, and the design of the cathode wire and the scraper between two adjacent anode plates can make the dust between the cathode wire and the anode plate ionized by the electrostatic field between the two. Therefore, it is adsorbed on the anode plate, and then the dust adsorbed on the anode plate is scraped off by the scraper set between the anode plates, and the dust hanging by the scraper is collected by the dust collection bin set under the scraper, so that the anode plate The dust on the dust collector will not be too thick to ensure the ionization of the electrostatic field and the performance of the anode plate to absorb dust; the electrostatic precipitator can continue to work even when there is a lot of dust in the flue gas, just open the casing regularly to clean the dust on the dust collector. Dust is enough, which greatly improves the effective working time of the electrostatic precipitator.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of the interior of the electrostatic precipitator.

FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of the interior of the electrostatic precipitator.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the cathode fixing frame of the electrostatic precipitator device.

FIG. 4 is a partial enlarged view of A in FIG. 1 .

In the figure, 1 case; 2 shaft; 3 anode plate; 4 cathode wire; 5 scraper; 6 dust collection bin; 7 fixed scraper; 8 long through holes; 9 cathode fixing frame; 10 first cathode wire; 11 first Two cathode lines; 12 positioning plate; 13 support frame; 14 cross bar; 15 support rod; 16 insulation device.

Detailed ways

The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings to further describe the technical solutions of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

As shown in Figures 1-4, the electrostatic precipitator includes a closed casing 1, a rotating shaft 2 and a plurality of anode plates 3, the rotating shaft 2 is horizontally arranged in the casing 1, and the plurality of anode plates 3 are sleeved on the rotating shaft 2 And each anode plate 3 is circumferentially fixed with the rotating shaft 2, a cathode wire 4 and a fixed scraper 7 are arranged between two adjacent anode plates 3, the cathode wire 4 is suspended in the air, and the lower end of the fixed scraper 7 is connected to the casing. 1. Fixed, the fixed scraper 7 is provided with two scrapers 5 for scraping off the dust on the anode plate 3. The inner ends of the two scrapers 5 are close to the rotating shaft 2 and the outer ends extend out of the anode plate 3. The two scrapers 5 Both are detachably fixed with the fixed scraper 7 . The bottom of the casing 1 is provided with a dust collecting bin 6 , and the dust collecting bin 6 is located below the scraper 5 . The design of the fixed scraper 7 can improve the firmness of the scraper 5 after installation, and the detachable and fixed design can enable the electrostatic precipitator to replace the scraper 5 of different materials according to the composition of the dust in the environment, which is beneficial to improve the efficiency of dust removal and scrape dust. The effective working time of the electrostatic precipitator is improved.

As shown in FIG. 2 , the two scrapers 5 are respectively arranged on the same side of the fixed scraper 7 and symmetrically arranged with respect to the central axis of the fixed scraper 7 . The fixed scraper 7 is provided with a mounting hole for installing the scraper 5 . There are elongated through holes 8 matched with the mounting holes, and the lengthwise direction of the elongated throughholes 8 is the same as the lengthwise direction of the rotating shaft 2 . The design of the long through holes 8 on the scraper 5 enables the scraper 5 to move left and right as required, so as to adjust the distance between the scraper 5 and the anode plate 3, so as to control the thickness of the dust on the anode plate 3, so that the electrostatic precipitator can cope with various problems. Different environments are maintained, and the high dust removal efficiency is always maintained, which improves the effective working time of the electrostatic precipitator.

As shown in Figs. 1-3, the electrostatic precipitator also includes a cathode fixing frame 9, which is fixedly connected with the casing 1 and is insulated and arranged, and the upper end of the cathode wire 4 is fixedly connected with the cathode fixing frame 9. The insulating arrangement of the cathode fixing frame 9 and the casing 1 can prevent the circuit connection after the cathode wire 4 is connected to the anode plate 3, so that no electrostatic field will be generated between the cathode wire 4 and the anode plate 3, and the electrostatic precipitator can be ensured. normal work. The cathode wire 4 is composed of a steel core material and a spiral corona wire. One end of the spiral corona wire is connected with a rotatable fan blade. The spiral corona wire can rotate around the core material under the action of wind. When the electrostatic precipitator is working, the gas in the casing 1 must be flowing. The above-mentioned spiral corona wire can rotate around the core material under the action of wind force, so that the spiral corona wire can be used in the working process of the electrostatic precipitator. It keeps rotating in the middle of the electric precipitator to avoid too much dust adhering to the surface of the cathode wire 4 for too long working time, resulting in the deterioration of the ionization effect between the cathode wire 4 and the anode plate 3, which affects the dust removal effect of the electrostatic precipitator; at the same time, this design can also It is avoided that excessive dust adheres to the surface of the cathode wire 4 to cause the cathode wire 4 to be short-circuited with the anode plate 3, thereby improving the safety of the electrostatic precipitator.

As shown in FIG. 2 , the anode plate 3 is circular, the cathode line 4 includes a first cathode line 10 and a second cathode line 11 , the length of the first cathode line 10 is shorter than that of the second cathode line 11 , and the first cathode line 10 is located in the Above the rotating shaft 2, the distance between the lower end of the first cathode wire 10 and the rotating shaft 2 is greater than the distance between the upper end of the scraper 5 and the rotating shaft 2, and the vertical distance between the second cathode wire 11 and the rotating shaft 2 is greater than the vertical distance between the scraper 5 and the rotating shaft 2. The length and position of the first cathode line 10 and the second cathode line 11 are designed so that the scraper 5 can scrape off all the dust adhering to the anode plate 3 without leaving a dead angle, so as to prevent the cathode lines 4 and 4 from being caused by excessive dust. The fact that the anode plate 3 is connected through dust is beneficial to improve the safety of the electrostatic precipitator, and at the same time it can improve the effective working time of the electrostatic precipitator; the electrostatic precipitator also includes positioning along the length of the rotating shaft 2. The plate 12 , the positioning plate 12 is fixedly connected with the lower end of the second cathode wire 11 , and the length of the second cathode wire 11 is greater than the diameter of the anode plate 3 . The design of the positioning plate 12 can fix the lower end of the second cathode wire 11 to prevent the lower end of the second cathode wire 11 from shaking left and right during operation, and to prevent the lower end of the second cathode wire 11 from contacting the anode plate 3, which improves the efficiency of the electrostatic precipitator. The safety of the device also improves the effective working time of the electrostatic precipitator.

As shown in FIG. 3 , the cathode fixing frame 9 includes a supporting frame 13 , a cross bar 14 and a supporting rod 15 , the supporting frame 13 is square, and the length direction of the supporting frame 13 is the same as that of the rotating shaft 2 , and the upper end of the cathode wire 4 is fixed On the crossbar 14, the crossbar 14 is arranged on the support frame 13 at intervals along the length direction of the rotating shaft 2, the two ends of the crossbar 14 are fixedly connected with the support frame 13, and the support rod 15 is located between the support frame 13 and the casing 1, An insulating device 16 is provided between the support rod 15 and the casing 1 . The square design of the support frame 13 can be matched with the arrangement of the anode plate 3 on the rotating shaft 2 , so that the cathode wire 4 can be stably fixed between the anode plates 3 to achieve the effect of stable dust removal.

The working principle of the electrostatic precipitator is as follows: the electrostatic precipitator also includes an air inlet, an air outlet and a motor for driving the rotating shaft 2 to rotate. On both sides, the anode plate 3 is connected with the anode point of the power supply, the cathode line 4 is connected with the negative point of the power supply, and the anode plate 3 and the cathode line 4 are insulated. Fixed, the design of the cathode wire 4 and the scraper 5 between the two adjacent anode plates 3 can make the dust between the cathode wire 4 and the anode plate 3 ionized by the electrostatic field between the two and adsorbed on the anode plate 3 Then, the dust adsorbed on the anode plate 3 is scraped off by the scraper 5 arranged between the anode plates 3, and the dust hung by the scraper 5 is collected by the dust collection bin 6 arranged under the scraper 5, so that the anode plate The dust on 3 will not be too thick to ensure the ionization of the electrostatic field and the performance of the anode plate 3 to absorb dust; the electrostatic precipitator can continue to work even when there is a lot of dust in the flue gas, just periodically open the casing 1 to clean up the dust The dust on the bin 6 is sufficient, which improves the effective working time of the electrostatic precipitator.

The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains can make various modifications or additions to the described specific embodiments or substitute in similar manners, but will not deviate from the spirit of the present invention or go beyond the definitions of the appended claims range.

Claims (7)

1. An electrostatic precipitator device comprising a closed casing, characterized in that the electrostatic precipitator device also includes a rotating shaft and a plurality of anode plates that rotate around the axis, and the rotating shaft is horizontally arranged on the machine. In the shell, a plurality of anode plates are sleeved on the rotating shaft, and each anode plate is circumferentially fixed with the rotating shaft. A cathode wire and a scraper are arranged between two adjacent anode plates, and the cathode wire is suspended in the air. The inner end of the scraper is close to the rotating shaft, the outer end of the scraper extends out of the anode plate and is fixed on the casing, and the bottom of the casing is provided with a dust collecting bin, and the dust collecting bin is located in the Below the scraper; the cathode wire includes a steel core material and a spiral corona wire, one end of the spiral corona wire is connected with a rotatable fan blade, and the spiral corona wire can wind around the core under the action of wind material turns. 2 . The electrostatic precipitator according to claim 1 , wherein a fixed scraper is arranged between two adjacent anode plates, and the lower end of the fixed scraper is fixedly connected with the casing, so the The fixed scraper is provided with two scrapers for scraping off the dust on the anode plate, and the two scrapers are detachably fixed with the fixed scraper. 3 . The electrostatic precipitator according to claim 2 , wherein the two scrapers are respectively arranged on the same side of the fixed scraper and symmetrically about the central axis of the fixed scraper, and the fixed scraper is provided with a In the installation hole for installing the scraper, the scraper is provided with an elongated through hole matched with the installation hole, and the longitudinal direction of the elongated through hole is the same as the longitudinal direction of the rotating shaft. 4. An electrostatic precipitator according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that, the electrostatic precipitator further comprises a cathode fixing frame, and the cathode fixing frame is fixedly connected with the casing and installed in an insulating manner, and the The upper end of the cathode wire is fixedly connected with the cathode fixing frame. 5. An electrostatic precipitator according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the anode plate is circular, the cathode line comprises a first cathode line and a second cathode line, and the first cathode line The length of the cathode line is less than that of the second cathode line, the first cathode line is located above the rotating shaft, the distance between the lower end of the first cathode line and the rotating shaft is greater than the distance between the upper end of the scraper and the rotating shaft, and the second cathode line The vertical distance from the rotating shaft is greater than the vertical distance between the scraper and the rotating shaft. 6 . The electrostatic precipitator according to claim 5 , wherein the electrostatic precipitator further comprises a positioning plate arranged along the length direction of the rotating shaft, and the positioning plate is fixedly connected with the lower end of the second cathode wire, so that 6 . The length of the second cathode wire is greater than the diameter of the anode plate. 7 . The electrostatic precipitator according to claim 4 , wherein the cathode fixing frame comprises a support frame, a cross bar and a support bar, the support frame is square, and the length direction of the support frame is the same as the length of the support frame. 8 . The length direction of the rotating shaft is equivalent, the upper end of the cathode wire is fixed on the cross bar, the cross bar is arranged on the support frame at intervals along the length direction of the rotating shaft, and the two ends of the cross bar are connected to the The support frame is fixedly connected, the support rod is located between the support frame and the casing, and an insulating device is provided between the support rod and the casing.

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