CN105532365A - Actinidia chinensis cultivation model - Google Patents
Actinidia chinensis cultivation model Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105532365A CN105532365A CN201610087706.5A CN201610087706A CN105532365A CN 105532365 A CN105532365 A CN 105532365A CN 201610087706 A CN201610087706 A CN 201610087706A CN 105532365 A CN105532365 A CN 105532365A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- branches
- tendrils
- bracing wire
- level
- fruiting
- Prior art date
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Links
- 235000009434 Actinidia chinensis Nutrition 0.000 title abstract description 4
- 240000001983 Actinidia chinensis Species 0.000 title abstract 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 240000001101 Actinidia deliciosa Species 0.000 claims description 20
- 235000009436 Actinidia deliciosa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002965 rope Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 240000006600 Humulus lupulus Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000008694 Humulus lupulus Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 6
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 abstract description 4
- 240000007072 Prunus domestica Species 0.000 description 5
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002366 mineral element Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000875 corresponding Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable Effects 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001863 plant nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/04—Supports for hops, vines, or trees
- A01G17/06—Trellis-work
Abstract
The invention relates to a plant cultivating device, in particular to an actinidia chinensis cultivation model which comprises a tree-like structure and a support-type structure, wherein the tree-like structure comprises first-class branches and tendrils serving as main vines, second-class branches and tendrils serving as side vines, third-class branches and tendrils which are mother branches fruiting in the current year, and fourth-class branches and tendrils which are mother branches fruiting in the second year; the support-type structure comprises vertical rods, a fruiting layer and a traction facility; the vertical rods are gravity rods used for supporting the fruiting layer and the traction facility; the support-type structure adapts to the requirements of the tree-like structure; the fruiting layer is the current year fruit bearing layer; a net plane formed by third-class guy wires can support fruits maturated in the current year; the traction facility can pull the mother branches fruiting in the second year to grow. According to the actinidia chinensis cultivation model, layer-management can be performed on the mother branches fruiting in the current year and the mother branches fruiting in the second year, the consistency of the branches and tendrils is improved, and the working efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of plant cultivating device, be specially Kiwifruit Culture model.
Background technology
Kiwi fruit originates from China, in countries such as New Zealand by domesticating and cultivating, is favourably welcome in North America and European Region, is one of pillar industry of the countries such as New Zealand.From the eighties in last century, China pioneer starts to explore kiwi fruit industry, and especially in recent years, national kiwi fruit planting base develops rapidly like the mushrooms after rain.According to FAO statistics, China's kiwi fruit cultivated area has reached 140,000 hectares, and output, more than 1,140,000 tons, ranks first in the world.But China's kiwi fruit long-term existence and highly depended on labour, and production efficiency is low, the problems such as homogeneity of product difference, this main contributor is still low in the Cultivate administration level of China's kiwi fruit.
The key improving kiwi fruit production efficiency and homogeneity of product is to optimize frame type and tree structure, and the design of frame type depends on the tree structure requirement of kiwi fruit to a great extent, the two is referred to as " model " herein.In tree structure in the past, all slipped to the attention when, next year bearing basal shoot differentiated control, its supporting frame type, as corresponding auxiliary facilities of also having slipped such as hedge frame, T-shape frame, plane ceiling, pony sets.In Kiwi growth process, two class bearing basal shoots interwind, interweave, be unfavorable for that (partly) automation clipping device operates, cause highly depending on manually, pruning efficiency is low, accidentally injure large, large-scale garden even be there will be and have little time to prune because of lack of labor, thus miss the gold time of pruning management; The in disorder growth of next year bearing basal shoot, lack unified regulation and control, growing way is more weak, and power differs, and the growing way being difficult to each bar bearing basal shoot maintaining the coming year is balanced, thus is difficult to obtain the high product of uniformity.
Summary of the invention
For the above-mentioned defect existed in prior art, the present invention aims to provide one and enhances productivity, reduces labor cost, improves standardization level, improves product quality and conforming high-quality and efficient new model thereof, can extensive use kiwi fruit production garden.
For achieving the above object, the present invention is by the following technical solutions:
Kiwifruit Culture model, comprises tree structure and network structure;
It is main climing that tree structure comprises one-level branches and tendrils, and secondary branches and tendrils are lateral bine, and three grades of branches and tendrils are bearing basal shoot then, and level Four branches and tendrils are next year bearing basal shoot;
Network structure comprises vertical rod, resultant layer and traction facility; Vertical rod is gravity rod, support structure layers and traction facility.
Wherein, resultant layer is network plane, and comprising one-level bracing wire is longitudinal main line, for supporting secondary branches and tendrils; Secondary bracing wire is horizontal main line, for supporting three grades of bracing wires; Three grades of bracing wires are subordinate line, parallel with one-level bracing wire, for supporting three grades of branches and tendrils.
Traction facility is positioned at above resultant layer, comprises support bar, top bracing wire and divides to bar; Support bar is arranged in vertical rod, and support bar top is provided with fixed pulley, and described divides for hanging silk above bar, and hang silk upper end and connect hanging ring, hanging ring is through and pushes up in bracing wire; Divide and connect pull rope to bar two ends respectively by bail; Bracing wire two ends, top connect advance decline line, and advance decline line is turned to by fixed pulley; Pull rope, for drawing level Four branches and tendrils, hangs silk for carrying wall scroll level Four branches and tendrils.
Kiwifruit Culture model provided by the invention, wherein tree structure highlights the management to next year bearing basal shoot, improves the quality of next year bearing basal shoot first, second improves the quality of fruit then, and three improve winter pruning and tie up the operating efficiencies such as climing.According to the configuration of this tree structure, select summer shoot as next year bearing basal shoot.Kiwi fruit has the characteristic of apical dominance, and its top, as same " pump ", can pull plant nutrition upwards to transport, and in total amount, can improve the absorption of plant to soil moisture and mineral element.When moisture and mineral element are transported to the crotch in result face, under the double action of gravitional force and top " pump ", a part enters bearing basal shoot then, supplements its domestic demand in the setting key period; Another part then continues, to top transport, to make the growing way of next year bearing basal shoot more prosperous.Meanwhile, the organic substance of next year bearing basal shoot accumulation is except for except own growth, and part can be back to then in bearing basal shoot and main climing, lateral bine because of gravitional force, thus improves the quality of fruit then and the intensity of main climing, lateral bine.Next year, raw bearing basal shoot was about 60 degree along the angle of pull rope growth obliquely, utilized plant tip advantage first, second fully utilized photosynthesis, and three are reduced next year and tie up climing folding branch risk.Because new tree structure is well arranged, regulations are clear, prune and tie up the operation such as climing and all can realize automation or semi-automation, improve operating efficiency, reduce and manually rely on.
This network structure has adapted to the requirement of above-mentioned tree structure.Bar based on vertical rod, supports resultant layer and traction facility.Resultant layer is layer of bearing fruit then, and the network plane of three grades of bracing wire formations can support bears fruit then.The growth of traction facility traction next year bearing basal shoot, by bearing basal shoot, next year bearing basal shoot multi-zone supervision then, can improve the uniformity of branches and tendrils, improve operating efficiency.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention.
Embodiment
Accompanying drawings the specific embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, Kiwifruit Culture model, comprises tree structure and network structure;
Tree structure comprise one-level branches and tendrils L1 be that 1 master is climing, secondary branches and tendrils L2 be 2 lateral bines, three grades of complicated and confused L3 are 16 bearing basal shoots then, level Four branches and tendrils L4 be 16 next year bearing basal shoot; Network structure comprises vertical rod G, resultant layer J and traction facility; Vertical rod G is gravity rod, support structure layers J and traction facility;
Resultant layer J is network plane, and comprising one-level bracing wire X1 is longitudinal main line, for supporting secondary branches and tendrils L2; Secondary bracing wire X2 is horizontal main line, for supporting three grades of bracing wire X3; Three grades of bracing wire X3 are subordinate line, parallel with one-level bracing wire X1, for supporting three grades of complicated and confused L3;
Traction facility is positioned at above resultant layer J, comprises support bar Q1, top bracing wire Q3 and divides to bar Q7;
Support bar Q1 is arranged on vertical rod G, and support bar Q1 top is provided with fixed pulley Q2, and described divides for hanging silk Q6 above bar Q7, and hang silk Q6 upper end and connect hanging ring Q5, hanging ring Q5 is through and pushes up on bracing wire Q3; Divide and connect pull rope Q9 to bar Q7 two ends respectively by bail Q8; Bracing wire Q3 two ends, top connect advance decline line Q4, and advance decline line Q4 is turned to by fixed pulley Q2; Pull rope Q9, for drawing level Four branches and tendrils L4, hangs silk Q6 for carrying wall scroll level Four branches and tendrils L4.
Bar based on vertical rod G, supports resultant layer J and traction facility, greatly stressed, adopts 12 × 12 × 300cm steel and concrete structure, and every bar bar concrete longitudinally condensates into 4 craspedodrome reinforcing bars and laterally condensates into 3 steel hoops; In distance, 180cm place, ground establishes " ten " word through wires hole, and pass for one-level bracing wire X1 and secondary bracing wire X2, masthead end establishes slot, freely inserts for support bar Q1.Resultant layer J adopts classification bracing wire: one-level bracing wire X1 is longitudinal main line, adopts thicker wire; Secondary bracing wire X2 is horizontal main line, adopts thicker wire; Three grades of bracing wires are subordinate line, adopt time thicker wire.
Support bar Q1 supports a whole set of traction facility, adopts thick hollow stainless steel; Fixed pulley Q2 is exposed in wind and rain throughout the year, adopts stainless steel; Other involves facility and carries next year bearing basal shoot to push up bracing wire Q3 carry, adopts thicker wire; Advance decline line Q4 turns to fixed pulley, is in " zero load " state during use, adopts the thick nylon wire of soft wind resistance rain; Hanging ring Q5 slides and wears away in the bracing wire of top, adopts stainless steel ring; Hang silk Q6 and adopt carrying wall scroll next year bearing basal shoot, adopt time thicker wire; Connecting to divide divides to both sides to bar Q7 by pull rope Q9, adopts thin hollow stainless steel; Bail Q8 adopts common stainless steel ring; Pull rope Q9 upgrades every year, adopts the thin nylon wire of wind resistance rain.
Kiwifruit Culture model using method:
1st step: winter pruning comes interim, all will cut by bearing basal shoot then, and prune positional distance lateral bine and be about 10cm, adopt automation or semi-automatic pruning shear, improve and prune efficiency.
2nd step: before arriving spring, sharp long-hilt bread-sword is adopted to be cut off by the pull rope Q9 be wrapped on next year bearing basal shoot, next year, bearing basal shoot dropped on the network plane of the resultant layer J of lateral bine both sides naturally, as new bearing basal shoot then, adopting automation or semi-automation to tie up climing machine carries out tying up climing,, greatly improve and prune efficiency.
3rd step: pull advance decline line Q4, bracing wire Q3 in top all lands together with its carry facility, until people can touch manual height, bail Q8 binds new pull rope Q9, then pulls advance decline line Q4, make top bracing wire Q3 reach operation height.
4th step: after summer, selects favourable new summer shoot, draws it obliquely with pull rope Q9, and angle about 60 degree growth, as new next year bearing basal shoot.
Claims (3)
1. Kiwifruit Culture model, is characterized in that: comprise tree structure and network structure;
It is main climing that described tree structure comprises one-level branches and tendrils (L1), and secondary branches and tendrils (L2) are lateral bine, and three grades of branches and tendrils (L3) are bearing basal shoot then, and level Four branches and tendrils (L4) are next year bearing basal shoot;
Described network structure comprises vertical rod (G), resultant layer (J) and traction facility; Vertical rod (G) is gravity rod, support structure layers (J) and traction facility.
2. Kiwifruit Culture model according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described resultant layer (J) is network plane, comprises one-level bracing wire (X1) for longitudinal main line, for supporting secondary branches and tendrils (L2); Secondary bracing wire (X2) is horizontal main line, for supporting three grades of bracing wires (X3); Three grades of bracing wires (X3) are subordinate line, parallel with one-level bracing wire (X1), for supporting three grades of branches and tendrils (L3).
3. Kiwifruit Culture model according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described traction facility is positioned at resultant layer (J) top, comprises support bar (Q1), top bracing wire (Q3) and divides to bar (Q7); Described support bar (Q1) is arranged in vertical rod (G), support bar (Q1) top is provided with fixed pulley (Q2), described divides to bar (Q7) top for hanging silk (Q6), hang silk (Q6) upper end and connect hanging ring (Q5), hanging ring (Q5) is through in top bracing wire (Q3); Divide and connect pull rope (Q9) to bar (Q7) two ends respectively by bail (Q8); Bracing wire (Q3) two ends, top connect advance decline line (Q4), and advance decline line (Q4) is turned to by fixed pulley (Q2); Pull rope (Q9), for drawing level Four branches and tendrils (L4), hangs silk (Q6) for carrying wall scroll level Four branches and tendrils (L4).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610087706.5A CN105532365A (en) | 2016-02-16 | 2016-02-16 | Actinidia chinensis cultivation model |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610087706.5A CN105532365A (en) | 2016-02-16 | 2016-02-16 | Actinidia chinensis cultivation model |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN105532365A true CN105532365A (en) | 2016-05-04 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610087706.5A Pending CN105532365A (en) | 2016-02-16 | 2016-02-16 | Actinidia chinensis cultivation model |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107278782A (en) * | 2017-08-03 | 2017-10-24 | 中国科学院武汉植物园 | A kind of fast breeding method of Kiwi berry bearing basal shoot |
| CN108812015A (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2018-11-16 | 日照冉丰农业开发有限公司 | Kiwi berry " X " type frame new cultivation technology |
| CN108901531A (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2018-11-30 | 湘西民族职业技术学院 | A kind of Kiwi berry pruning technique based on the two-sided posture of disjunctor |
| CN109302933A (en) * | 2018-10-12 | 2019-02-05 | 四川省农业科学院园艺研究所 | The tree-like quickly breeding shaping methods of Kiwi berry premature labor high yield |
| CN109769576A (en) * | 2019-02-19 | 2019-05-21 | 付伟伟 | A kind of grape and Kiwifruit Culture frame |
-
2016
- 2016-02-16 CN CN201610087706.5A patent/CN105532365A/en active Pending
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107278782A (en) * | 2017-08-03 | 2017-10-24 | 中国科学院武汉植物园 | A kind of fast breeding method of Kiwi berry bearing basal shoot |
| CN108812015A (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2018-11-16 | 日照冉丰农业开发有限公司 | Kiwi berry " X " type frame new cultivation technology |
| CN108812015B (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2020-12-22 | 日照冉丰农业开发有限公司 | Novel X-shaped frame cultivation method for kiwi fruits |
| CN108901531A (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2018-11-30 | 湘西民族职业技术学院 | A kind of Kiwi berry pruning technique based on the two-sided posture of disjunctor |
| CN109302933A (en) * | 2018-10-12 | 2019-02-05 | 四川省农业科学院园艺研究所 | The tree-like quickly breeding shaping methods of Kiwi berry premature labor high yield |
| CN109302933B (en) * | 2018-10-12 | 2020-07-24 | 四川省农业科学院园艺研究所 | Rapid cultivation and shaping method for premature high-yield tree form of kiwi fruit |
| CN109769576A (en) * | 2019-02-19 | 2019-05-21 | 付伟伟 | A kind of grape and Kiwifruit Culture frame |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| PB01 | Publication | ||
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| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20160504 |
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| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |