CN105509919B - A kind of multiple-way system thermocouple and the method for preventing thermocouple electric charge accumulation - Google Patents
A kind of multiple-way system thermocouple and the method for preventing thermocouple electric charge accumulation Download PDFInfo
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- CN105509919B CN105509919B CN201510855395.8A CN201510855395A CN105509919B CN 105509919 B CN105509919 B CN 105509919B CN 201510855395 A CN201510855395 A CN 201510855395A CN 105509919 B CN105509919 B CN 105509919B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K7/00—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements
- G01K7/02—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using thermoelectric elements, e.g. thermocouples
- G01K7/04—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using thermoelectric elements, e.g. thermocouples the object to be measured not forming one of the thermoelectric materials
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of multiple-way system thermocouple, the multiple hot electrodes and multiple negative thermal electrodes to be linked together including one end, one of hot electrode and the composition work pair of one of negative thermal electrode, select one in remaining hot electrode or negative thermal electrode to be grounded, remaining thermode is hanging；The thermocouple also includes the shock absorber being sheathed on thermocouple temperature measurement bar and electric discharge is combed.The present invention reaches and takes precautions against electric charge " accumulation " to greatest extent on temperature element by releasing and migrate electric charge in time, while electric charge generating capacity is reduced from source, and interference of the electric charge to thermometric thermoelectrical potential is disturbed in elimination by all kinds of means.
Description
Technical field
Temperature measurement technical field of the present invention, and in particular to one kind prevention electric charge accumulation method and multiple-way system thermocouple.
Background technology
Thermocouple is a kind of temperature-sensing element, its direct measurement temperature, and temperature signal is converted into thermo-electromotive force signal.Mesh
In preceding industrial environment, a large amount of thermocouple thermometers very fast, simple in construction using thermal response.
Thermocouple is actually a kind of energy converter, and it converts heat energy into electric energy, is measured with caused thermoelectrical potential
Temperature.But in the case where vibrating working environment, after thermocouple work a period of time, it may appear that significant thermometric bias phenomenon；Thermoelectricity
Gesture maps temperature course, certain mistake seemingly occurs.
In order to which temperature can accurately be shown, field maintenance person has to carry out thermometric deviation thermocouple in time
Change.After this phenomenon frequently occurs, production efficiency is both influenceed, also increases maintenance workload.
Therefore, after have collected and having produced thermometric deviation, be replaced the waste and old thermocouple to get off, laboratory to sample by
Branch laboratory parses, and tries hard to find out the wrong mechanism to cause a deviation.
The waste and old thermocouple sample analysis result table of table 1
| Thermocouple user | Collect quantity | Test performance is excellent | Test performance is poor | Poor performance reason | Thermometric form |
| A | 4 | 3 | 1 | Broken string | Thermocouple K |
| B | 10 | 10 | Thermocouple K | ||
| C | 1 | 1 | Thermocouple K |
From sample analysis result, 3 reasons are verified：
1st, analyzed from application environment, for thermocouple temperature measurement as mature technology, performance is excellent always, but is vibrating work
In environment, then generally there is thermometric bias phenomenon, showing to vibrate between operating mode and deviation has correlation.
2nd, there is thermometric bias phenomenon in thermocouple, after being mainly manifested in thermocouple work a period of time, temperature display value：①
Actual temperature value can be significantly higher than, or 2. significantly be less than actual temperature value, and the 3. up and down fluctuation of displays temperature value, this three
Kind situation；Present by extraneous bursty interference phenomenon.
3rd, from experiment analysis result analysis, the waste and old thermocouple changed is collected, laboratory parses its working characteristics and referred to
Mark is most of still excellent (seeing the above table), even if showing, there occurs thermometric bias phenomenon, also then can voluntarily recover, not send out
Person's character of taking root is damaged.
Further dissection is found, generally for the thermocouple temperature measurement response time is shortened, is typically made armored slim type
Profile, thermometric bar external diameter is substantially between 2~3.5mm of ￠, it is desirable to which Sheathed metal housing, middle filling MgO insulating barriers, inside are even
Silk is all very very thin.Elastomer thus can be regarded as, follows vibration to allow a certain degree of flexing, when charges MgO insulating barriers
Forced down rubbing repeatedly, fragility slight crack easily occur, gradually reduced, even lose insulating properties.
It is well known that vibration brings phase mutual friction between object, triboelectric charge can be produced, and rub be present in as thermo wires with absolutely
Between edge layer, between insulating barrier and armouring housing, between armouring housing and plant equipment, plant equipment and connector it
Between ..., diversity triboelectric charge, which mixes, referred to as disturbs electric charge, as interference electric charge is taken advantage of along MgO insulating barriers crack one after another
It is empty and enter, cause interference with the event that electric charge is directly superimposed upon on thermocouple temperature measurement element and occur.
In short, thermocouple thermometer in operating mode is vibrated, on the one hand can be engendered trickle by extruding insulation layer repeatedly
Crack, on the other hand vibration also result in phase mutual friction between object, produce interference electric charge；When disturbing electric charge nowhere to release, increase
And after accumulating, electrostatic potential energy certainly will be raised；Electric potential field powerful enough once passes through crack, is applied to thermocouple side or bilateral
On thermode, overlaying influence is caused to thermometric thermoelectrical potential, forms signal interference source, follow-up secondary display instrument at all can not again
Distinguish, huge detected value deviation disastrous effect will occur.
The content of the invention
In view of this, an object of the present invention is to provide a kind of multiple-way system thermocouple, and the second object of the present invention is to carry
For a kind of method for preventing thermocouple electric charge accumulation.
An object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions, a kind of multiple-way system thermocouple, including one end
The multiple hot electrodes and multiple negative thermal electrodes to link together, one of hot electrode and one of negative thermal electrode composition
Work pair, selects one in remaining hot electrode or negative thermal electrode to be grounded, remaining thermode is hanging.
Further, in addition to the shock absorber that is sheathed on thermocouple temperature measurement bar, the shock absorber are included with openend
The big set of sleeve, there is the small set of sleeve of openend and helical spring, the helical spring to be placed in sleeve cavity body, the sleeve
Small set can slide with big inner room with flexible.
Further, the helical spring is stranded wire helical spring, and the stranded wire helical spring is twisted by multiply filament and is made into one
Root bulky spring silk, then helically coiling form.
Further, the thermocouple also includes electric discharge comb, and the electric discharge comb includes the ring being sheathed on thermocouple temperature measurement bar
Shape housing and the spray point being arranged on circular shell.
The second object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions, a kind of side for preventing thermocouple electric charge accumulation
Method, increase multiple thermodes on the basis of a hot electrode, a negative thermal electrode, by a termination of one of thermode
Ground, the Node connectedness of the other end and positive and negative thermode.
Further, set on thermocouple temperature measurement bar to absorb the shock-absorbing that vibrational energy reduces frictional strength between object
Device.
Further, set on thermocouple temperature measurement bar and combed object to be carried out surface charge to the electric discharge of distal migration.
By adopting the above-described technical solution, the present invention has the advantage that：
In the present invention, by setting the positive A of multiply, negative B thermodes, using an inoperative circuit therein, as in
Point ground connection is released pole, establishes interference electric charge release path, discharges unbalance loading heap accumulated charge in time, it is ensured that whenever work thermode
A and B both sides positive and negative charge amount keeps balance.
The present invention reduces the interference quantity of electric charge that vibration friction is formed by setting shock absorber；By setting electric discharge comb by electricity
Lotus transfer aggregation ground, prevents surface charge is had nowhere to go from fleeing to be applied on thermode, realizing charge migration function, (tip is poly-
Electricity), then discharged by tip to air, realize electric charge release function (point discharge)
The present invention reaches by releasing and migrating electric charge in time and takes precautions against electric charge " accumulation " to greatest extent in temperature element
On, while triboelectric charge generating capacity is reduced by shock-absorbing, interference of the interference electric charge to thermometric thermoelectrical potential is eliminated by all kinds of means.
Brief description of the drawings
In order that the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention are clearer, the present invention is made below in conjunction with accompanying drawing into
The detailed description of one step, wherein：
Fig. 1 is two-wire system thermocouple fundamental diagram；
Fig. 2 is multiple-way system thermocouple fundamental diagram；
Fig. 3 is the anti-electric charge interference principle schematic diagram of multiple-way system thermocouple；
Fig. 4 is the structure chart of multiple-way system thermocouple；
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of integral type shock absorber and electric discharge comb；
Fig. 6 is the decomposing schematic representation of integral type shock absorber and electric discharge comb；
Fig. 7 is stranded wire helical spring figure.
Embodiment
Below with reference to accompanying drawing, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail；It should be appreciated that preferred embodiment
Only for the explanation present invention, the protection domain being not intended to be limiting of the invention.
As shown in figure 1, two-wire system thermocouple fundamental diagram, thermocouple operation principle is to be based on Sai Beike (seeback)
Effect, the conductor of two kinds of different materials or semiconductor A and B are welded, when its both ends is connected with each other, as long as at two nodes
Temperature is different, and one end temperature be T, referred to as working end or hot junction, and other end temperature is T0, referred to as free end (being also referred to as reference edge) or
Cold end, an electromotive force will be produced in loop.
The direction of the electromotive force and size are relevant with the material of conductor and the temperature of two contacts.The loop of two kinds of conductor compositions
Referred to as thermocouple, both conductors are referred to as thermode, and caused electromotive force is then referred to as thermo-electromotive force.
Thermo-electromotive force is made up of two parts electromotive force, and a part is the contact electromotive force of two kinds of conductors, and another part is single
The thermoelectromotive force of one conductor.
The size of thermo-electromotive force in Thermocouple Circuit, after thermode materials A and B fixations, i.e., contact electromotive force is certain, then
It is only related to the conductor material of composition thermocouple and the temperature of two contacts, and it is unrelated with the geomery of thermocouple.Thermo-electromotive force
It is expressed as two contact temperature T and T0 difference of function.
As shown in Fig. 2 multiple-way system thermocouple fundamental diagram, based on this, the present invention provides a kind of multiple-way system thermocouple, bag
Include multiple hot electrodes (hereinafter referred to as positive A thermo wires or hot electrode A) that one end links together and multiple negative thermal electrodes are (following
Referred to as negative B thermo wires or negative thermal electrode B), one of hot electrode and the composition work pair of one of negative thermal electrode, selection are remaining
Hot electrode or negative thermal electrode in a ground connection, remaining thermode is hanging.
In the present embodiment, multiple-way system thermocouple has the positive A of multiply, negative B thermo wires, using an inoperative line therein,
Released pole as neutral earthing；Interference electric charge release path is established, discharges unbalance loading heap accumulated charge in time, it is ensured that whenever work
Thermode A and B both sides positive and negative charge amount keeps balance.
In implementation process, two kinds of two-wire system, i.e. simultaneous selection thermode materials A and B such as are used to earth-current release path.
For K-type thermocouple hot electrode A (nickel chromium triangle), negative pole B (nisiloy), two-wire to earth-current release path from material A (nickel chromium triangle),
During B (nisiloy), first A-A and the homogeneity thermo wires of B-B two are connected respectively, then A-A and B-B welding (welding).
Citing：Brand-new multiple-way system K-type thermocouple, at least there are double hot electrode A-A (nickel chromium triangle), double negative thermal electrode B-B
(nisiloy) four thermodes, have by double branch temperature elements.Under normal circumstances, one pair of which A and B thermodes form work thermoelectricity
Even, one in remaining a pair of A and B thermodes is to discharge path to earth-current, in addition one it is naturally hanging；Generation disconnection fault
When, break and be maintained at hanging position through rotation, can be worked on after its excess-three thermode adaptation, there is the effect of redundancy thermocouple.
As shown in figure 3, the anti-electric charge interference principle schematic diagram of multiple-way system thermocouple：
Figure a is multiple-way system thermocouple wiring diagram, and line I represents high thermoelectrical potential, line II represents low-heat potential.
Figure b is multiple-way system thermocouple equivalent schematic diagram, thermocouple as a kind of active sensor, it is equivalent into anode+,
Negative pole-and resistance component；
Figure c is thermocouple positive pole+side, when being invaded and harassed by a large amount of positive charges, causes unilateral unbalance loading state, earth-current is discharged logical
Road will have positive current to pass through；Now line I high potentials occur that moment raises, releasing and tend to be normal with interference electric charge, line
II low potentials are undisturbed, occur without fluctuation.
When figure d is that thermocouple negative pole-side is invaded and harassed by a large amount of positive charges, unilateral unbalance loading state is caused, earth-current is discharged logical
Road will have negative current to pass through；Line I high potentials are undisturbed, occur without fluctuation, and line II low potentials occur that moment raises, with
Interference electric charge is released and tends to be normal.
When figure e is that thermocouple positive pole+side is invaded and harassed by outside a large amount of positive and negative alternation electric charges, unilateral alternation unbalance loading state is caused,
There is positive and negative alternating current to pass through in earth-current release path；Now line I high potentials occur moment rise, reduce fluctuation, with dry
The alternating for disturbing electric charge is released and tends to be normal, and line II low potentials are undisturbed, occur without fluctuation.
Figure f is that " not pure land " can cause midpoint voltage-to-ground not exclusively to go to zero, and raises or drag down axis potential, and hot
The positive and negative the two poles of the earth electromotive force of galvanic couple will follow fluctuation, but all without detection potential difference values are influenceed, i.e., pure land does not interfere with temperature inspection
The correct reading of measured value.
In summary, configure after discharging path to earth-current, once being invaded and harassed by electric charge, can adaptively recover flat
Weighing apparatus, reach the beneficial effect of stable thermocouple temperature measurement electrical potential difference rapidly.
Induction, multiple-way system thermocouple may make up arbitrary indexing number, the more positive poles of configuration and negative pole, have multipair thermometric member
The redundancy thermocouple of part, and there is charge discharging resisting passage.
Multiple-way system thermocouple of the present invention is worked in vibration environment, thermocouple in operating mode is vibrated, on the one hand by
Extruding insulation layer can engender slight crack repeatedly, and on the other hand vibration also results in phase mutual friction between object, produces interference
Electric charge.In order to reduce this interference electric charge, the present invention is arranged shock absorber 3 on the thermocouple temperature measurement bar 1 of thermocouple, the shock absorber
Including the big set 7 of the sleeve with openend, the small set 5 of the sleeve with openend and helical spring 6, one end of the helical spring
It is arranged at the bottom of the small set of sleeve, another bottom for being placed in the big set of sleeve of the helical spring, the opening of the small set of sleeve
End is slidably extend into the big set of sleeve.
As shown in fig. 7, stranded wire helical spring figure, stranded wire helical spring is twisted using filament and is made into a bulky spring silk, then spiral shell
Curl up and stranded wire helical spring is made；When vibrated and compress and during stretching, due to the phase mutual friction between filament in deformation process,
Consume portion of energy, it is impossible to which complete recovery is energy dissipation spring, has the function that vibration damping accordingly.When vibrating, spring
One end is maintained in the small set of sleeve, and the other end is maintained in the big set of sleeve.In sliding process, the small set of sleeve is always held at set
In the big set of cylinder.
Relative to normal spiral spring directly with for a metal crin helically coiling, it is compressed with drawing process almost
Noenergy is lost, and recovers completely immediately, normally referred to as energy-stored spring.
As also shown in e.g. figs. 4-7, single branch stranded wire helical spring can about consume about 30% energy, be equipped with sleeve combination side
Formula, extrusion friction between existing filament, has sliding friction between spring and sleeve wall, also sleeve mutually rubs with slip expansion section again
Wipe, consumption vibrational energy as much as possible reaches that extraneous strong wind brash formula is mad to shake, and the local environment residing for thermocouple is in a gentle and mild way
Servo-actuated shock-proof effect.
Shock absorber, extraneous vibration source is kept apart with thermocouple, slow down or block shock loading bang path, play one
Fixed shock-proof effect, and the generation of triboelectric charge can be reduced.
Further, the thermocouple also includes electric discharge comb 8, and the electric discharge comb includes the ring being sheathed on thermocouple temperature measurement bar
Shape housing and the spray point 9 being arranged on circular shell, one end of the circular shell and the openend away from the big set of sleeve
End connects.
Electric discharge comb utilizes the poly- electrical effect in tip, on thermocouple shell, setting prong battle array, and the collecting current type electric discharge comb of composition,
Prong is plugged on whole thermometric bar shell, shaped like mace；Due to by space constraints, wolf's fang circle, same time shift can be reduced into
It is put into thermocouple rear end lead position；By thermocouple Sheathed metal electric conductivity, guiding electric charge plays to temperature element distal end
Migrate the positive role of surface disturbance electric charge stowed location.
Discharge principle is utilized simultaneously, after a large amount of electric charges are assembled on tip, it is empty to periphery that prong possesses enough energies of position
Gas is discharged, just as lightning rod working method.
As shown in figures 4-6, electric discharge comb outer surface is furnished with the ring-type or strips of conductive component of prong, its relative smooth it is interior
Surface can be made conducting connection with by safeguard by the mode such as screw thread, screw or welding, Nian Jie, be fixed.
In invention, the interference electric charge for the formation that rubs, it is transferred on the collecting current type electric discharge comb of distal end and assembles first, prevent table
Surface charge is had nowhere to go, and flees to be applied on thermo wires, realizes charge migration function (the poly- electricity in tip)；Then by tip to flowing through
Air is discharged, and realizes that electric charge discharges (point discharge).
As shown in figure 5, integral type shock absorber and electric discharge comb structure, in order to further save space, conveniently making and installation,
By electric discharge comb and shock absorber, combination makes integrated shock absorber and electric discharge comb structure.
Further, the thermocouple also includes cutting ferrule 2, and the cutting ferrule is slidably sheathed on thermocouple temperature measurement bar, institute
State the positioner for being provided with thermocouple temperature measurement bar and preventing that cutting ferrule thermoelectric couple thermometric boom end from moving.
Specific implementation step of the present invention, introduce neutral earthing release pole (current loop), electric discharge comb, shock absorber, be all
Assembling is customized in thermocouple Making programme, is nursed one's health without scene, therefore both facilitates new construction, transformation replacement is more convenient and rises
Level project.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention are the foregoing is only, are not intended to limit the invention, it is clear that those skilled in the art
Member can carry out various changes and modification without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention to the present invention.So, if the present invention
These modifications and variations belong within the scope of the claims in the present invention and its equivalent technologies, then the present invention is also intended to include these
Including change and modification.
Claims (1)
- A kind of 1. multiple-way system thermocouple, it is characterised in that：The multiple hot electrodes to be linked together including one end and multiple negative heat Electrode, one of hot electrode and one of negative thermal electrode composition temperature measurer are opposed, and select remaining hot electrode or negative One in thermode ground connection, released pole as neutral earthing, establish interference electric charge release path, discharge unbalance loading accumulation electricity in time Lotus；Remaining hot electrode and negative thermal electrode are hanging；The thermocouple also includes electric discharge comb, and the electric discharge comb includes circular shell and the setting being sheathed on thermocouple temperature measurement bar In the spray point on circular shell；Circular shell guiding electric charge transfer be gathered on spray point, prevent thermocouple gauge surface charge without Place can go to flee to be applied on thermode, then be discharged by the tip for the comb that discharges to air, realize interference electric charge release Function；The thermocouple also includes the shock absorber being sheathed on thermocouple temperature measurement bar, and the shock absorber includes the sleeve with openend Big set, there is the small set of sleeve of openend and helical spring, the helical spring to be placed in sleeve cavity body, the small set of sleeve It can be slided with the big inner room of sleeve with flexible；The helical spring is stranded wire helical spring, and the stranded wire helical spring is by more Stock filament, which twists, is made into a bulky spring silk, then helically coiling forms, and extrusion friction absorbs vibrational energy between filament, reduces vibration and draws Frictional strength between the object of hair, and then reduce triboelectric charge generating capacity.
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| CN201510855395.8A CN105509919B (en) | 2015-11-30 | 2015-11-30 | A kind of multiple-way system thermocouple and the method for preventing thermocouple electric charge accumulation |
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108168438B (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2020-02-14 | 长春禹衡光学有限公司 | Closed grating |
| CN113465758A (en) * | 2021-06-21 | 2021-10-01 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Temperature measuring device and temperature measuring system |
| CN113970379A (en) * | 2021-10-22 | 2022-01-25 | 湖南大学 | Novel thermocouple suitable for non-uniform temperature field measurement |
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| US4341992A (en) * | 1980-01-21 | 1982-07-27 | Control Electronics Co., Inc. | Conductive probe cover |
| CN101726369A (en) * | 2008-10-29 | 2010-06-09 | 迅达科技集团股份有限公司 | Self-adapted temperature sensor of gas range |
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| CN105509919A (en) | 2016-04-20 |
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