CN105508228B - A kind of underground hydraulic automatic reverse is without bar Anti-sand oil pump - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of underground hydraulic automatic reverse is without bar Anti-sand oil pump, for oil extraction in oil field；The device provides power by ground hydraulic pump, makes reciprocating motion of the pistons, realizes that Produced Liquid is lifted, and it includes power liquid pipeline, weary power liquid pipeline, reversal valve, piston, piston cylinder, commutation pin, ball-and-seat；The pump provides power by ground hydraulic and realizes Rodless oil extraction, power fluid on the one hand transmission power, while realizing cooling lubrication, it is ensured that pump efficiency 85% 90%；The pump revolutionizes the sand card phenomenon of Normal hydraulic pump presence, substantially prolongs pump detection period, it is adaptable to the various complex hole conditions such as inclined shaft, deep-well and the oil recovery of oil field later stage.

Description

A downhole hydraulic automatic reversing rodless anti-sand stuck pump

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum rodless oil production, in particular to a hydraulic anti-sand jam oil well pump which relies on a surface pump station to provide power fluid and realizes automatic reversing underground.

Background technique

Conventional beam pumping units have low efficiency, but they have always occupied a dominant position in the field of oil extraction for many years because of their reliable performance and convenient management. With the rapid development of directional wells and horizontal wells technology, and the oil field enters the late stage of oil production, the water content of the oil well output fluid increases, the sand production increases, and the oil well liquid level decreases, making oil recovery more difficult year by year. Rod pumps driven by conventional beam pumping units cannot adapt to directional wells, horizontal wells, and oil wells in the later stage of oil production. The efficiency of the conventional pumping unit drops to less than 20% due to the friction between the sucker rod and the tubing in the production of inclined wells; what is more serious is that the sucker rod breaks off or the tubing wears and leaks due to the eccentric wear of the sucker rod, resulting in Check the pump frequently. Relevant experts conclude that the hope of solving this technical problem by improving the strength of the sucker rod is very slim. In addition, the rod-well pump cannot play a role in deep wells, and the rod-well pump in the field of oil production is facing a severe test. Rodless oil production pumps, such as electric submersible pumps and jet pumps, have inherent defects that cannot be eliminated, making it difficult to play a leading role in oil production in inclined wells.

Originally, the hydraulic oil well pump that realizes reversing in the well is the best technical route for the development of rodless oil well pumps, but the design scheme of the hydraulic piston pump imported from the United States in the 1980s has serious shortcomings, and the flow resistance of the pipeline in the pump is as high as 3.8-5.3 MPa, which is equivalent to the back-and-forth flow resistance in the liquid pipe when the lower pump is 2000-3000m; in addition, the reversing valve and the control mechanism move synchronously with the power cylinder. No matter how strong the wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant performance of the valve dynamic seal is, it is difficult for a short dynamic sealing surface to achieve a working life of several months of continuous operation. The designer of this pump had already realized this at the beginning, but did not fundamentally solve the problem. In order to adapt to the short life of the pump and facilitate fishing, a reverse circulation device was specially designed to flush the pump out of the well, which finally facilitated the pump inspection, but made the originally limited space smaller, and finally had to rely on increasing the movement speed of the drive cylinder To 1.2-2.5m/s to obtain the required displacement. However, the sealing surface of the reversing valve is always in the wear and liquid erosion during fast movement has not been solved. As a result, it is self-evident that the energy-saving advantages of the pump have not been fully realized, and it is also subject to the following restrictions in application: The crude oil of the liquid has a water content of <10%, a sand content of <0.01%, and a viscosity of <300 centipoise. Such strict technical indicators put the hydraulic piston pump in the predicament that there is almost no well to reach; when a closed circuit is used, in order to realize the independent circulation of the specially prepared high-quality power fluid without external influence, it is necessary to increase several thousand Rice high-pressure resistant concentric pipes or parallel pipes; at the same time, the power fluid prepared with clean water should be added with a certain amount of lubricants and preservatives to alleviate wear and corrosion during friction and prolong service life.

To sum up, it is not surprising that the existing hydraulic piston pumps have basically withdrawn from the market after being introduced in the 1980s.

In recent years, there have been many patent applications for ground-controlled rodless hydraulic oil well pumps in China. Although these rodless hydraulic oil well pumps have advantages, they also have their shortcomings. Facing the above current situation of oil production equipment at home and abroad, it is urgent to study a downhole control hydraulic oil pump with simple structure, good reliability, wide use surface, low operating cost and long service life, which can be used for oil production in inclined wells, deep wells and horizontal wells. play a leading role in.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a downhole hydraulic automatic steering anti-sand jam oil pump, which uses the hydraulic oil delivered by the hydraulic pump as power to realize the automatic reversing and reciprocating movement of the reversing valve in the downhole, and drives the piston to lift the oil to ground. The equipment has the advantages of simple structure, long service life, strong controllability, low maintenance cost, low wear rate, high reliability, low operating power and anti-sand jamming.

Technical scheme of the present invention is:

Hydraulic anti-sand jam oil well pump, including production fluid outlet 1, outlet check valve 2, idle power fluid pipeline (b) 3, power fluid pipeline (b) 4, power fluid pipeline (c) 5, power fluid pipeline Pipeline (d) 6, production fluid pipeline 7, production fluid inlet 8, power fluid inlet 9, exhaust fluid outlet 10, reversing valve 11, reversing spool 12, exhaust fluid pipeline (a) 13. Top reversing needle 14, power fluid line (a) 15, piston cylinder 16, piston 17, bottom reversing needle 18, inlet check valve 19, pump cylinder 20.

Production fluid outlet 1 is connected to outlet check valve 2, and outlet check valve 2 is connected and sealed to pump cylinder 20; production fluid inlet 8 is connected to inlet check valve 19, and inlet check valve 19 is connected to pump cylinder 20 and sealed. seal.

The power fluid inlet 9 is connected to the C port 24 of the reversing valve 11, and the power fluid inlet 9 is connected to the top reversing needle 14 through the power fluid pipeline (b) 4; the exhausted power fluid outlet 10 is connected to the B port 22 of the reversing valve 11 connected, the exhaust fluid outlet 10 is connected to the bottom reversing needle 18 through the exhaust fluid pipeline (a) 13 .

The reversing valve 11 is a hollow cavity, which is divided into two cavities on the left and right, and has five ports: A port 21, B port 22, C port 24, D port 28, E port 26, and there is a reversing valve core 12 in the cavity. ; A port 21 is connected to the bottom reversing needle 18 through the power fluid pipeline (a) 15, D port 28 is connected to the top of the piston cylinder 16 through the power fluid pipeline (c) 5, and E port 26 is connected to the power fluid pipeline (d ) 6 is connected with the bottom of the piston barrel 16; the reversing valve core 12 is a two-position three-way valve, which has two connected M ports 27 and N ports 25, and a concave flow channel O23, and the left part is connected with the left part of the reversing valve 11. cavity, and can only slide left and right inside it. Similarly, the right part of the reversing valve core 12 is adapted to the right cavity of the reversing valve 11. When the reversing valve core 12 is located on the left side of the cavity, the B port of the reversing valve 11 22 communicates with D port 28 through the concave channel O23 of the reversing valve core 12, and the C port 24 of the reversing valve 11 communicates with the E port 26; when the reversing valve core 12 is located on the right side of the cavity, the B port of the reversing valve 11 22 communicates with the E port 26 through the concave flow channel O23 of the reversing valve core 12, and the C port 24 of the reversing valve 11 communicates with the D port 28 through the N port 25 and the M port 27 of the reversing valve core 12.

When the top reversing needle 14 is in the "on" position, the power fluid pipeline (b) 4, the A port 21 of the reversing valve 11 and the upper part of the piston cylinder 16 are connected to each other; the top reversing needle 14 is in the "off" position , the power fluid pipeline (b) 4 cannot communicate with the upper part of the piston cylinder 16 through the A port 21 of the reversing valve 11.

When the bottom reversing needle 18 is in the "on" position, the power fluid pipeline (a) 15 communicates with the idle power fluid pipeline (a) 13, and communicates with the upper part of the piston cylinder 16 through the concave flow channel O23; the bottom reversing needle 18 When it is in the "off" position, the lower part of the piston cylinder 16 communicates with the idle power fluid pipeline (a) 13 through the power fluid pipeline (d) 6 and the concave flow channel O23.

The piston barrel 16 is connected to the pump barrel 20 and has a piston 17 inside. The inner diameter of the piston 17 is adapted to the outer diameters of the piston barrel 16 and the pump barrel 20 respectively and is well sealed.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the upstroke structure of the downhole hydraulic automatic reversing rodless hydraulic anti-sand jam pump.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the downstroke structure of the downhole hydraulic automatic reversing rodless hydraulic anti-sand jam pump.

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the reversing valve of the downhole hydraulic automatic reversing rodless hydraulic anti-sand jam pump.

detailed description

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

The downhole hydraulic automatic reversing rodless anti-sand jam pump includes production fluid outlet 1, outlet check valve 2, idle power fluid pipeline (b) 3, power fluid pipeline (b) 4, power fluid pipeline ( c) 5. Power fluid pipeline (d) 6, production fluid pipeline 7, production fluid inlet 8, power fluid inlet 9, exhaust fluid outlet 10, reversing valve 11, reversing spool 12, idle power Liquid pipeline (a) 13, top reversing needle 14, power fluid pipeline (a) 15, piston cylinder 16, piston 17, bottom reversing needle 18, inlet check valve 19, pump cylinder 20.

Production fluid outlet 1 is connected to outlet check valve 2, and outlet check valve 2 is connected and sealed to pump cylinder 20; production fluid inlet 8 is connected to inlet check valve 19, and inlet check valve 19 is connected to pump cylinder 20 and sealed. seal.

The power fluid inlet 9 is connected to the "C" port of the reversing valve 11, and the power fluid inlet 9 is connected to the top reversing needle 14 through the power fluid pipeline (b) 4; the exhaust fluid outlet 10 is connected to the "B" port of the reversing valve 11. ” port, and the exhaust fluid outlet 10 is connected to the bottom reversing needle 18 through the exhaust fluid pipeline (a) 13.

The reversing valve 11 is a hollow cavity, which is divided into two cavities on the left and right, and has five ports: A port 21, B port 22, C port 24, D port 28, E port 26, and there is a reversing valve core 12 in the cavity. ; A port 21 is connected to the bottom reversing needle 18 through the power fluid pipeline (a) 15, D port 28 is connected to the top of the piston cylinder 16 through the power fluid pipeline (c) 5, and E port 26 is connected to the power fluid pipeline (d ) 6 is connected with the bottom of the piston barrel 16; the reversing valve core 12 is a two-position three-way valve, which has two connected M ports 27 and N ports 25 and a concave flow channel O23, and the left part is connected with the left chamber of the reversing valve 11 It can only slide left and right inside it. Similarly, the right part of the reversing valve core 12 is compatible with the right cavity of the reversing valve 11. When the reversing valve core 12 is located on the left side of the cavity, the B port 22 of the reversing valve 11 The concave channel O23 of the reversing valve core 12 communicates with the D port 28, and the C port 24 of the reversing valve 11 communicates with the E port 26; when the reversing valve core 12 is located on the right side of the chamber, the B port 22 of the reversing valve The concave channel O23 of the reversing valve core 12 communicates with the E port 26, and the C port 24 of the reversing valve 11 communicates with the D port 28 through the N port 25 and the M port 27 of the reversing valve core 12.

When the top reversing needle 14 is in the "on" position, the power fluid pipeline (b) 4, the A port 21 of the reversing valve 11 and the upper part of the piston cylinder 16 are connected to each other; the top reversing needle 14 is in the "off" position , the power fluid pipeline (b) 4 cannot communicate with the upper part of the piston cylinder 16 through the A port 21 of the reversing valve 11.

When the bottom reversing needle 18 is in the "on" position, the power fluid pipeline (a) 15 communicates with the idle power fluid pipeline (a) 13, and communicates with the upper part of the piston cylinder 16 through the concave flow channel O23; the bottom reversing needle 18 When it is in the "off" position, the lower part of the piston cylinder 16 communicates with the idle power fluid pipeline (a) 13 through the power fluid pipeline (d) 6 and the concave flow channel O23.

The piston barrel 16 is connected to the pump barrel 20 and has a piston 17 inside. The inner diameter of the piston 17 is adapted to the outer diameters of the piston barrel 16 and the pump barrel 20 respectively and is well sealed.

Claims (2)

1. a kind of underground hydraulic automatic reverse is without bar Anti-sand oil pump, it is characterised in that：Including Produced Liquid outlet (1), outlet Check valve (2), weary power liquid pipeline b (3), power liquid pipeline b (4), power liquid pipeline c (5), power liquid pipeline d (6), extraction Liquid pipeline (7), Produced Liquid entrance (8), power fluid import (9), weary power fluid outlet (10), reversal valve (11), reversing valve core (12), weary power liquid pipeline a (13), top commutation pin (14), power liquid pipeline a (15), piston cylinder (16), piston (17), bottom Portion's commutation pin (18), inlet one-way valve (19), pump barrel (20)；Described Produced Liquid outlet (1) is connected with Outlet check valves (2), Outlet check valves (2) are connected and sealed with pump barrel (20)；Produced Liquid entrance (8) is connected with inlet one-way valve (19), and entrance is unidirectional Valve (19) is connected and sealed with pump barrel (20)；Described power fluid import (9) is connected with the C mouths (24) of reversal valve (11), power Liquid import (9) is connected through power liquid pipeline b (4) with top commutation pin (14)；Weary power fluid outlet (10) and the B of reversal valve (11) Mouth (22) is connected, and weary power fluid outlet (10) is connected through weary power liquid pipeline a (13) and bottom commutation pin (18)；Described commutation Valve (11) is a hollow chamber, chamber point or so two parts, and has five mouths, A mouthfuls (21), B mouthfuls (22), C mouthfuls (24), E mouthfuls (26), D mouthfuls (28)；There is reversing valve core (12) in reversal valve (11)；Reversing valve core (12) has two identicals M mouthfuls (27) and N mouthfuls (25), there is a matrix runner O (23).

2. a kind of underground hydraulic automatic reverse as claimed in claim 1 is without bar Anti-sand oil pump, it is characterised in that：Described When top commutation pin (14) is located at "ON" position, power liquid pipeline b (4), the A mouths (21) of reversal valve (11) and piston cylinder (16) Top three is interconnected；When top commutation pin (14) is located at "Off" position, power liquid pipeline b (4) can not pass through reversal valve (11) A mouths (21) connected with piston cylinder (16) top；When described bottom commutation pin (18) is located at "ON" position, power liquid pipeline a (15), weary power liquid pipeline a (13) connection, and being connected by matrix runner O (23) with piston cylinder (16) top；Commutate pin for bottom (18) when being located at "Off" position, piston cylinder (16) bottom passes through power liquid pipeline d (6) and matrix runner O (23) and weary power liquid pipe Road a (13) is connected.