CN105493975A - Method for preventing cowpea liriomyza sativae blanchard - Google Patents
Method for preventing cowpea liriomyza sativae blanchard Download PDFInfo
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- CN105493975A CN105493975A CN201510974472.1A CN201510974472A CN105493975A CN 105493975 A CN105493975 A CN 105493975A CN 201510974472 A CN201510974472 A CN 201510974472A CN 105493975 A CN105493975 A CN 105493975A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M1/00—Stationary means for catching or killing insects
- A01M1/02—Stationary means for catching or killing insects with devices or substances, e.g. food, pheronones attracting the insects
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M1/00—Stationary means for catching or killing insects
- A01M1/14—Catching by adhesive surfaces
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/28—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture specially adapted for farming
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preventing cowpea liriomyza sativae blanchard from. The method comprises the steps of cultivating pueraria thomsonii seeds and cowpea seeds and arranging temptation points, wherein a pueraria thomsonii seedling is utilized as a stock, a cowpea seedling is utilized as a scion to perform grafting, grafting seedlings and papayas are interplanted after grafting survival, the distance between a papaya planting belt and a cowpea planting belt is 55-60 cm, the row spacing between the papayas inside the papaya planting belt is 50-55 cm, the plant spacing of the papayas is 30-35 cm, the row spacing of the cowpea inside the cowpea planting belt is 50-55 cm, the plant spacing of the cowpea is 25-30 cm, 7-8 temptation points are arranged per mu, at least 2-3 square meters of cowpea plants are reserved on each temptation point and 3-6 sticky cards are arranged on the temptation points. According to the cowpea seedlings obtained by grafting the pueraria thomsonii, the liriomyza sativae blanchard resistance of the cowpea seedlings which can be tested by experiments is improved greatly, the yield and the commodity nature of the cowpea are improved, the usage amount of pesticide is reduced, and the exceeding phenomenon of pesticide residue on the cowpea is avoided.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to insect pest of the plant prevention and control field, particularly a kind of method of preventing and treating cowpea Americal rice leaf miner.
Background technology
Americal rice leaf miner (LiromyzasativaeBlanchard), the adult bodily form is less, and head is yellow, is a kind of important pests of melon dish, flowers.Former in Brazilian occurrence injury, reach world many countries and area afterwards, become quarantine pest important in the world.
Can be there is 10-12 generation at Nanning cowpea in this worm upper one year, Americal rice leaf miner just starts to endanger spring planting by bean seedlings annual March, is continued until the residue beans strain that also can endanger autumn value at the beginning of 12 months, annual nine to October its population density maximum; Cowpea early stage in seedling stage and later stage of bearing pods cause harm heavier by Americal rice leaf miner, fall planting cowpea is injured, and to plant cowpea serious for comparatively spring and summer, Americal rice leaf miner occurrence injury on the cowpea in Guangxi is very serious, comparatively large to local cowpea Influence of production, find the harm of a kind of effective prevention and controls control Americal rice leaf miner to cowpea and have great importance.
Summary of the invention
A kind of method that the object of the present invention is to provide use that can reduce insect-proof agent effectively can prevent and treat again Americal rice leaf miner to endanger cowpea.
Technical scheme provided by the invention is:
Prevent and treat a method for cowpea Americal rice leaf miner, comprising:
(1) grafting
A. Pachyrhizua angulatus seed and cowpea seed are soaked 6-7 hour with the culture fluid containing balsam pear respectively;
B. more described Pachyrhizua angulatus seed and cowpea seed are cleaned, soak 15-19 minute with the trisodium phosphate solution that mass fraction is 6%-8%, afterwards, described Pachyrhizua angulatus seed and cowpea seed are cleaned;
C. by described Pachyrhizua angulatus seed and cowpea seed double-layer filter paper coated, be placed in incubator, temperature is set as 20-25 DEG C, keeps filter paper humidity to be 80%-85%;
D. when bud ratio reaches 70%-80%, by described Pachyrhizua angulatus seed and cowpea seed sowing, when Pachyrhizua angulatus seedling grows 2-4 sheet true leaf, when cowpea seedling grows rough leaf, by the grafting of described cowpea seedling on Pachyrhizua angulatus seedling; Grafting Coloured film is covered, waters described grafting to every day;
E. when after grafting survival, described Coloured film is removed;
(2) interplant
The mode adopting papaya papaw growth belt and cowpea growth belt to replace is planted, papaya papaw growth belt and cowpea growth belt spacing are 55-60cm, in described papaya papaw growth belt, the line-spacing of papaya papaw is 50-55cm, the spacing in the rows of papaya papaw is 30-35cm, in described cowpea growth belt, the line-spacing of cowpea is 50-55cm, and the spacing in the rows of cowpea is 25-30cm;
(3) temptation point is set
Every mu arranging 7-8 temptation point, the cowpea plant retaining at least 2-3 square metre is selected in each described temptation, arranges 3-6 insect-sticking plate at described temptation point.
Preferably, in the method for described control cowpea Americal rice leaf miner, producing of described culture fluid comprises: component meter by weight, balsam pear 12-18 part, Herba Andrographitis 8-12 part, available potassium 1-2 part, pitaya peel 3-6 part, Fourstamen Stephania Root 15-20 part, mangosteen skin 6-9 part, Dutch bean seedlings 10-12 part, Huang are risen 4-8 part and the mixing of water 400-500 part, slow fire boils 35-45 minute, filter, filtrate is diluted to the 200-280 of original volume doubly.
Preferably, in the method for described control cowpea Americal rice leaf miner, in steps d, grafting method is: excise described Pachyrhizua angulatus seedling growing point, retain the long 1.8-2.3cm of stem, rive downwards along the direction vertical with Pachyrhizua angulatus true leaf in the middle of cross section for Pachyrhizua angulatus stem afterwards, the dark 0.7-0.75cm of otch, as stock; By described cowpea seedling from the excision of 1.8-2.3cm below growing point, be whittled into wedge shape, as fringe bar, described fringe bar vertically inserted described rootstock opening-cleaving place, graft union is divided and immerses in the paraffin liquid of 80-85 DEG C rapidly, take out rapidly.
Preferably, in the method for described control cowpea Americal rice leaf miner, below described insect-sticking plate, be provided with an open-top receptacle, dilute with water 1000-1200 attractant is doubly housed in the above-described container.
Preferably, in the method for described control cowpea Americal rice leaf miner, described attractant is made up of the material that composition by weight is following: decis 2-6 part, Bacillus thuringiensis bacterium 4-5 part, omethoate 6-8 part, trans-2-hexenoic aldehyde 2-4 part, linalool 8-10 part, coumarin 15-20 part, anisylacetone 18-25 part and tricosene alcohol 10-15 part.
By the method for above-mentioned control cowpea Americal rice leaf miner, the present invention can reach following beneficial effect:
The present invention puts into culture fluid and soaks a period of time before planting seed, both ensure that the survival rate of seed sprouting, makes again seed have certain sterilization insect resistance capacity; The cowpea seedling obtained with Pachyrhizua angulatus grafting, provable cowpea seedling improves greatly for the resistance of Americal rice leaf miner by experiment, improves output and the commodity of cowpea, decreases the usage amount of agricultural chemicals, avoid the phenomenon that residue of pesticide on cowpea exceed standard; Cowpea seedling after grafting survival and papaya papaw are interplanted, take full advantage of the spatial niche complementary advantage of papaya papaw and cowpea, reach raising land utilization rate, reduce the planting cost of cowpea, the smell sent in papaya papaw growth simultaneously effectively can drive away Americal rice leaf miner, greatly alleviates causing harm of Americal rice leaf miner; Also be provided with temptation point at cowpea growing area, lure Americal rice leaf miner by attractant, thus Americal rice leaf miner is bonded on insect-sticking plate.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, can implement according to this with reference to specification word to make those skilled in the art.
Embodiment 1:
Cowpea variety is Peasants Joy No. 373 oil white fresh kidney beans, does not plant 2 mu of ground cowpeas test at control group 1, control group 2 and instant component, and often group experiment repetition 3 times, planted in September.
Control group 1
The mode adopting papaya papaw growth belt and cowpea growth belt to replace is planted, papaya papaw growth belt and cowpea growth belt spacing are 55cm, in described papaya papaw growth belt, the line-spacing of papaya papaw is 50cm, the spacing in the rows of papaya papaw is 30cm, in described cowpea growth belt, the line-spacing of cowpea is 50cm, and the spacing in the rows of cowpea is 25cm;
Control group 2
A. Pachyrhizua angulatus seed and cowpea seed are soaked 6 hours with the culture fluid containing balsam pear respectively, producing of described culture fluid comprises: component meter by weight, 12 parts, balsam pear, Herba Andrographitis 8 parts, available potassium 1 part, pitaya peel 3 parts, Fourstamen Stephania Root 15 parts, mangosteen skin 6 parts, 10 parts, Dutch bean seedlings, Huang are risen 4 parts and the mixing of 400 parts, water, slow fire boils 35 minutes, filter, filtrate is diluted to 200 times of original volume;
B. more described Pachyrhizua angulatus seed and cowpea seed are cleaned, soak 15 minutes with the trisodium phosphate solution that mass fraction is 6%, afterwards, described Pachyrhizua angulatus seed and cowpea seed are cleaned;
C. by described Pachyrhizua angulatus seed and cowpea seed double-layer filter paper coated, be placed in incubator, temperature is set as 25 DEG C, keeps filter paper humidity to be 80%;
D. when bud ratio reaches 70%, by described Pachyrhizua angulatus seed and cowpea seed sowing, when Pachyrhizua angulatus seedling grows 2 true leaves, when cowpea seedling grows rough leaf, by the grafting of described cowpea seedling on Pachyrhizua angulatus seedling, grafting method is: excise described Pachyrhizua angulatus seedling growing point, retain the long 1.8cm of stem, rive downwards along the direction vertical with Pachyrhizua angulatus true leaf in the middle of cross section for Pachyrhizua angulatus stem afterwards, the dark 0.7cm of otch, as stock; By described cowpea seedling from the excision of 1.8cm below growing point, be whittled into wedge shape, as fringe bar, described fringe bar vertically inserted described rootstock opening-cleaving place, graft union is divided and immerses in the paraffin liquid of 80 DEG C rapidly, take out rapidly; Grafting Coloured film is covered, waters described grafting to every day;
E. when after grafting survival, remove described Coloured film, plant in the 2 mu of grounds arranged;
Of the present invention group
(1) grafting
A. Pachyrhizua angulatus seed and cowpea seed are soaked 6 hours with the culture fluid containing balsam pear respectively, producing of described culture fluid comprises: component meter by weight, 12 parts, balsam pear, Herba Andrographitis 8 parts, available potassium 1 part, pitaya peel 3 parts, Fourstamen Stephania Root 15 parts, mangosteen skin 6 parts, 10 parts, Dutch bean seedlings, Huang are risen 4 parts and the mixing of 400 parts, water, slow fire boils 35 minutes, filter, filtrate is diluted to 200 times of original volume;
B. more described Pachyrhizua angulatus seed and cowpea seed are cleaned, soak 15 minutes with the trisodium phosphate solution that mass fraction is 6%, afterwards, described Pachyrhizua angulatus seed and cowpea seed are cleaned;
C. by described Pachyrhizua angulatus seed and cowpea seed double-layer filter paper coated, be placed in incubator, temperature is set as 25 DEG C, keeps filter paper humidity to be 80%;
D. when bud ratio reaches 70%, by described Pachyrhizua angulatus seed and cowpea seed sowing, when Pachyrhizua angulatus seedling grows 2 true leaves, when cowpea seedling grows rough leaf, by the grafting of described cowpea seedling on Pachyrhizua angulatus seedling, grafting method is: excise described Pachyrhizua angulatus seedling growing point, retain the long 1.8cm of stem, rive downwards along the direction vertical with Pachyrhizua angulatus true leaf in the middle of cross section for Pachyrhizua angulatus stem afterwards, the dark 0.7cm of otch, as stock; By described cowpea seedling from the excision of 1.8cm below growing point, be whittled into wedge shape, as fringe bar, described fringe bar vertically inserted described rootstock opening-cleaving place, graft union is divided and immerses in the paraffin liquid of 80 DEG C rapidly, take out rapidly; Grafting Coloured film is covered, waters described grafting to every day;
E. when after grafting survival, described Coloured film is removed;
(2) interplant
The mode adopting papaya papaw growth belt and cowpea growth belt to replace is planted, papaya papaw growth belt and cowpea growth belt spacing are 55cm, in described papaya papaw growth belt, the line-spacing of papaya papaw is 50cm, the spacing in the rows of papaya papaw is 30cm, in described cowpea growth belt, the line-spacing of cowpea is 50cm, and the spacing in the rows of cowpea is 25cm;
(3) temptation point is set
7 temptation points are being set by every mu, the cowpea plant of reservation 2 square metres is selected in each described temptation, arrange 3 insect-sticking plates at described temptation point, described attractant is made up of the material that composition by weight is following: decis 6 parts, Bacillus thuringiensis bacterium 5 parts, omethoate 8 parts, trans-2-hexenoic aldehyde 4 parts, linalool 10 parts, coumarin 20 parts, anisylacetone 25 parts and tricosene alcohol 15 parts.
The various process of table 1 is to the effect of control Americal rice leaf miner
Table 2 insect-sticking plate kills Americal rice leaf miner effect
| The observation date | 15/9 | 17/9 | 19/9 | 21/9 | 23/9 | 25/9 |
| Adult weight/g | 72 | 120 | 213 | 85 | 147 | 107 |
Result of the test shows: the cowpea puneture number of planting according to the inventive method and borer population of living obviously are less than control group 1 and control group 2, the effect that Americal rice leaf miner is killed in insect-sticking plate and attractant interaction is also very remarkable, the method plantation cowpea combined by grafting and interplanting, Americal rice leaf miner anti-food rate also comparatively only uses the effect of a kind of wherein method well a lot, shows thus to be significantly improved cowpea grafting to Pachyrhizua angulatus carries out the control efficiency of interplanting Americal rice leaf miner with papaya papaw again.
Although embodiment of the present invention are open as above, but it is not restricted to listed in specification and embodiment utilization, it can be applied to various applicable the field of the invention completely, for those skilled in the art, can easily realize other amendment, therefore do not deviating under the universal that claim and equivalency range limit, the present invention is not limited to specific details.
Claims (5)
1. prevent and treat a method for cowpea Americal rice leaf miner, it is characterized in that, comprising:
(1) grafting
A. Pachyrhizua angulatus seed and cowpea seed are soaked 6-7 hour with the culture fluid containing balsam pear respectively;
B. more described Pachyrhizua angulatus seed and cowpea seed are cleaned, soak 15-19 minute with the trisodium phosphate solution that mass fraction is 6%-8%, afterwards, described Pachyrhizua angulatus seed and cowpea seed are cleaned;
C. by described Pachyrhizua angulatus seed and cowpea seed double-layer filter paper coated, be placed in incubator, temperature is set as 20-25 DEG C, keeps filter paper humidity to be 80%-85%;
D. when bud ratio reaches 70%-80%, by described Pachyrhizua angulatus seed and cowpea seed sowing, when Pachyrhizua angulatus seedling grows 2-4 sheet true leaf, when cowpea seedling grows rough leaf, by the grafting of described cowpea seedling on Pachyrhizua angulatus seedling; Grafting Coloured film is covered, waters described grafting to every day;
E. when after grafting survival, described Coloured film is removed;
(2) interplant
The mode adopting papaya papaw growth belt and cowpea growth belt to replace is planted, papaya papaw growth belt and cowpea growth belt spacing are 55-60cm, in described papaya papaw growth belt, the line-spacing of papaya papaw is 50-55cm, the spacing in the rows of papaya papaw is 30-35cm, in described cowpea growth belt, the line-spacing of cowpea is 50-55cm, and the spacing in the rows of cowpea is 25-30cm;
(3) temptation point is set
Every mu arranging 7-8 temptation point, the cowpea plant retaining at least 2-3 square metre is selected in each described temptation, arranges 3-6 insect-sticking plate at described temptation point.
2. the method for control cowpea Americal rice leaf miner as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, producing of described culture fluid comprises: component meter by weight, balsam pear 12-18 part, Herba Andrographitis 8-12 part, available potassium 1-2 part, pitaya peel 3-6 part, Fourstamen Stephania Root 15-20 part, mangosteen skin 6-9 part, Dutch bean seedlings 10-12 part, Huang are risen 4-8 part and the mixing of water 400-500 part, slow fire boils 35-45 minute, filter, filtrate is diluted to the 200-280 of original volume doubly.
3. the method for control cowpea Americal rice leaf miner as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in steps d, grafting method is: excise described Pachyrhizua angulatus seedling growing point, retain the long 1.8-2.3cm of stem, rive downwards along the direction vertical with Pachyrhizua angulatus true leaf in the middle of cross section for Pachyrhizua angulatus stem afterwards, the dark 0.7-0.75cm of otch, as stock; By described cowpea seedling from the excision of 1.8-2.3cm below growing point, be whittled into wedge shape, as fringe bar, described fringe bar vertically inserted described rootstock opening-cleaving place, graft union is divided and immerses in the paraffin liquid of 80-85 DEG C rapidly, take out rapidly.
4. the method for control cowpea Americal rice leaf miner as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, be provided with an open-top receptacle below described insect-sticking plate, dilute with water 1000-1200 attractant is doubly housed in the above-described container.
5. the method for control cowpea Americal rice leaf miner as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, described attractant is made up of the material that composition by weight is following: decis 2-6 part, Bacillus thuringiensis bacterium 4-5 part, omethoate 6-8 part, trans-2-hexenoic aldehyde 2-4 part, linalool 8-10 part, coumarin 15-20 part, anisylacetone 18-25 part and tricosene alcohol 10-15 part.
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| CN105493975B (en) | 2018-08-03 |
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