CN105467098B - Correction method for unsaturated soil soil-water characteristic curve based on axis translation technique test - Google Patents
Correction method for unsaturated soil soil-water characteristic curve based on axis translation technique test Download PDFInfo
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- CN105467098B CN105467098B CN201510786347.8A CN201510786347A CN105467098B CN 105467098 B CN105467098 B CN 105467098B CN 201510786347 A CN201510786347 A CN 201510786347A CN 105467098 B CN105467098 B CN 105467098B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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- G01N33/246—Earth materials for water content
Abstract
The invention provides a correction method for an unsaturated soil soil-water characteristic curve based on axis translation technique test. The method comprises the steps of: selecting micropores with pore size of 0.003-0.3 mum in non-saturated soil; idealizing the micropores with one open end and one closed end into an equal-diameter or unequal-diameter capillary diameter model with one open end and one closed end; establishing a relation between matric suction and gas volume of pores in unsaturated soil; in a compression process of the gas in the pores, filling the gas volume compression part with pore water in the soil, namely the volume filled with pore water equals to the amount of compression of the gas volume; establishing a relation between the pore water filling volume and matric suction to obtain a corrected relation between the moisture content and matric suction and establishing a correction formula; and calculating the soil-water characteristic curve based on axis translation technique. The invention has the beneficial effect that the method can improve the accuracy of the axis translation technique in test of unsaturated soil-water characteristic curve, so that the tested soil-water characteristic curve is closer to the real result.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to civil engineering subject Geotechnical Engineering technical field of measurement and test, and in particular to a kind of to be based on axial translation technology
The modification method of the unsaturated soil soil-water characteristic curve of test, is mainly used in and corrects the Tu Shuite tested based on axial translation technology
Curve is levied, result of the test is improved and is obtained accuracy.
Background technology
Under evaporation and plant transpiration effect, the water in soil constantly can be lost in from soil, so as to form unsaturated soil, with
Saturated soil distribution is compared, and unsaturated soil distribution at the earth's surface is more extensive.In civil engineering construction, what is run into is big
Most Geotechnical Engineerings are directed to unsaturated soil problem, therefore, it is impossible to the principle and concept using classical saturation soil mechanics is carried out
Explain.To the deficiency in the intensity general principle and application method understanding of water seepage flow in soil and soil, bring to engineer applied
Various hidden danger.Based on the correlation theory of soil physics, during people recognize soil, negative pore water pressure is to affect non-
The key factor of saturated soil proterties, is defined as matric suction, rises experiment with capillary and explains, and adopts tensometer
The size of test matrix suction.But when the water pressure in tensometer test system is close to -101.3kPa, water in test system
Cavitation erosion occurs, makes tensometer fail, this cavitation limits the range of application of tensometer.1956, American scholar
Hift is to avoid tensometer from cavitation occur during test matrix suction, it is proposed that the concept of axial translation technology, that is, lead to
Cross the test benchmark for improving pore water pressure, it is to avoid the cavitation erosion of pore water.So far, unsaturated soil correlation theory can be by control
The related experiment of suction is studied.
At present, in the correlative study of unsaturated soil, axial translation technology is theoretical and the laboratory apparatus based on axial translation technology
It is widely applied.Canadian scholar Fredlund establishes unsaturated soil and resists using matric suction as the second state variable
Strength theory is cut, and its reasonability is demonstrated by the unsaturated soil triaxial tests based on axial translation technology.Domestic scholars are old just
Chinese etc. successfully have developed unsaturated soil consolidation apparatus and direct shear apparatus of the domestic First based on axial translation technology, and to collapsible loess
The compression experiment and consolidation draining direct shearing test of controlled suction are carried out.Lin Hongzhou, appoint the refined application such as beautiful based on axial translation technology
Pressure plate apparatus test the soil-water characteristic curve of different soil samples.
The achievement in research of existing scholar is summarized, problems with is primarily present：(1) for identical soil sample, tensometer and it is based on
The soil-water characteristic curve that the native water instrument test of axial translation technology is obtained is not consistent, otherness scope up to 10%～30% even
It is higher；(2) matric suction is bigger, and the soil-water characteristic curve otherness that two kinds of method of testings are obtained is more obvious；(3) this otherness
Do not fully realized and reasonable dismissal.If ignoring limitation of the axial translation technology in terms of test soil-water characteristic curve, should
When testing soil-water characteristic curve with axial translation technology, the corresponding matric suction of identical moisture content artificially can be exaggerated, equally, identical
The corresponding moisture content of matric suction is also artificially exaggerated.The soil-water characteristic curve that the method is tested is applied to into unsaturated soil intensity
Theory, the intensity of unsaturated soil accordingly will be increased, and soil's water content also correctly cannot reflect.Therefore, scholars can be caused
With intensity and moisture content generation false judgment of the engineer to Practical Project unsaturated soil, hidden danger may be left for engineering accident.
The soil-water characteristic curve (Soil Water Characteristic Curve, abbreviation SWCC) of unsaturated soil is anti-
The curve of soil's water content and matric suction relation is reflected, is significant in unsaturated soils theory research and engineer applied.
At present, frequently with tensometer and axial translation technology test SWCC, tensometer have test result accurately, be difficult to control matric suction
The features such as, and axial translation technology with controlled suction, but can be had an impact to test result.The Experiment Result of multidigit scholar understands that axle is put down
The fact that shifting technology has error in terms of soil-water characteristic curve is tested is unquestionable.
The content of the invention
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of objective, reasonable, reliability is high to be put down based on axle
The modification method of the unsaturated soil soil-water characteristic curve of technical testing is moved, is surveyed in unsaturated soil SWCC for correcting axial translation technology
Error in terms of examination.The soil-water characteristic curve tested based on axial translation technology can be corrected using the method, be allowed to be more nearly
Actual value.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is to provide a kind of based on the non-full of axial translation technology test
With the modification method of native soil-water characteristic curve, the method step is as follows：
(1) in selection unsaturated soil, aperture is 0.003～0.3 μm of micropore, by described in one end open, one end closing
Micropore is idealized as one end open, the not isometrical or isometrical capillary model of one end closing；
(2) according to saturation degree formula in soil mechanicsWith void ratio formulaDerive the micropore
The computing formula of internal gas volume is：
In formula, vaAccumulate for porous gases, SrFor the saturation degree of soil, dsFor specific density of solid particles, ρwFor the density of water, ρdFor soil
Sample dry density, V be soil sample volume, VwFor the volume of water in soil sample, VvFor the volume of soil sample mesopore, e is soil sample void ratio, γw
For the severe of water, γdFor the dry unit weight of soil sample；
(3) when controlling the matric suction of unsaturated soil using axial translation technology, the absolute pressure of hole gas and matric suction
Relation formula be：
U=uw+us+u0 (2)
In formula, absolute pressures of the u for hole gas, uwFor pore water pressure, usFor the matric suction of unsaturated soil, u0For mark
Quasi- atmospheric pressure；
(4) matric suction of unsaturated soil is controlled in closed environment, absolute pressure and the gas body in hole of hole gas
Long-pending relation is described with equation for ideal gases PV=nRT, i.e., when temperature constant, the absolute pressure of hole gas is raised, gas body
Product will reduce, and the relation gone out between the matric suction of unsaturated soil and gas volume decrement based on this relation derivation is：
In formula, Δ v is gas volume decrement；
(5) in the matric suction lifting process of unsaturated soil, in the micropore of unsaturated soil, gas will be compressed, volume
The part of compression is filled by native pore water, derives that pore water loading with the relation of matric suction is：
In formula, Δ VFilling waterFor filling water volume；
(6) moisture content surveyed in soil-water characteristic curve using axial translation technology deducts the moisture content shared by filling water, pushes away
Deriving revised moisture content formula is：
Or
In formula, θActual measurementFor the volumetric water content actual value that axial translation technology is measured, θAmendmentFor obtaining after axial translation technology amendment
Volumetric water content, wActual measurementFor the quality moisture content actual value that axial translation technology is measured, wAmendmentFor obtaining after axial translation technology amendment
Quality moisture content；
To obtain the volumetric water content or quality moisture content of amendment as ordinate, matric suction is abscissa, that is, obtain axle
The amendment soil-water characteristic curve of panning techniques.
The effect of the present invention is to compensate for axial translation technology and tensometer using this method to test number in soil-water characteristic curve
Blank in terms of according to error analysis, solve axial translation technology method matric suction test and control aspect exist error this
Serious problems.On the basis of considering ambient pressure power to micropore gases affect, establish with matric suction as independent variable
Soil-water characteristic curve test data modified computing formulae.The native water feature of axial translation technology test can be made using this computational methods
Curve is close to real curve, and the further genralrlization application to axial translation technology is significant.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the actual measurement of 1 axial translation technology of soil sample of the present invention and correction result；
Fig. 2 be the present invention Super matrix suction under the conditions of soil sample 2 actual measurement SWCC and its fair curve；
Fig. 3 is the absolute error before and after 1 axial translation technology SWCC of the soil sample amendments of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the relative error before and after 1 axial translation technology SWCC of the soil sample amendments of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
With reference to modification method of the accompanying drawing to the unsaturated soil soil-water characteristic curve tested based on axial translation technology of the present invention
It is illustrated.
The modification method principle of unsaturated soil soil-water characteristic curve tested based on axial translation technology of the present invention is：Axle is put down
Shifting technology passes through to improve pore air pressure to control the matric suction of soil sample, during pore air pressure increases, unsaturated soil
In micropore, gas is compressed, and volume reduces, the part that filling gas volume is reduced by pore water, and it is exactly to draw that this is partially filled with water
Play the main cause that axial translation technology produces error in terms of test SWCC.It is corresponding aqueous using axial translation technology actual measurement SWCC
It is exactly the real moisture content of tested soil sample that rate deducts the moisture content shared by filling water.On this basis, axle translation skill can be obtained
Modified computing formulae of the art in terms of test SWCC.
The modification method mechanism of action base of the unsaturated soil soil-water characteristic curve tested based on axial translation technology of the present invention
In：On the one hand, on the basis of The Ideal-Gas Equation PV=nRT, it is known that, when temperature constant, PV=C (constant), you can
Obtain P1V1=P2V2=C, the change for calculating hole gas absolute pressure cause the decrement of porous gases product；On the other hand, it is non-full
Reduce with soil pores air volume, filling pore air volume is reduced part by pore water, and meets flow law.Using matric suction
With the relation of hole gas absolute pressure, the relation of pore filling water and matric suction is obtained, SWCC is surveyed using axial translation technology
In moisture content deduct moisture content shared by pore filling water, revised moisture content computing formula is obtained.
The modification method of the unsaturated soil soil-water characteristic curve tested based on axial translation technology of the present invention includes following step
Suddenly：
(1) in selection unsaturated soil, aperture is 0.003～0.3 μm of micropore, by described in one end open, one end closing
Micropore is idealized as one end open, the not isometrical or isometrical capillary model of one end closing；
(2) according to saturation degree formula in soil mechanicsWith void ratio formulaDerive the micropore
The computing formula of internal gas volume is：
In formula, vaAccumulate for porous gases, SrFor the saturation degree of soil, dsFor specific density of solid particles, ρwFor the density of water, ρdFor soil
Sample dry density, V be soil sample volume, VwFor the volume of water in soil sample, VvFor the volume of soil sample mesopore, e is soil sample void ratio, γw
For the severe of water, γdFor the dry unit weight of soil sample；
(3) when controlling the matric suction of unsaturated soil using axial translation technology, the absolute pressure of hole gas and matric suction
Relation formula be：
U=uw+us+u0 (2)
In formula, absolute pressures of the u for hole gas, uwFor pore water pressure, usFor the matric suction of unsaturated soil, u0For mark
Quasi- atmospheric pressure；
(4) matric suction of unsaturated soil is controlled in closed environment, absolute pressure and the gas body in hole of hole gas
The available equation for ideal gases PV=nRT descriptions of long-pending relation, i.e., when temperature constant, the absolute pressure of hole gas is raised, gas
Volume will reduce, and the relation gone out between the matric suction of unsaturated soil and gas volume decrement based on this relation derivation is：
In formula, Δ v is gas volume decrement, and its dependent variable is as previously shown；
(5) in the matric suction lifting process of unsaturated soil, in the micropore of unsaturated soil, gas will be compressed, volume
The part of compression is filled by native pore water, derives that pore water loading with the relation of matric suction is：
In formula, Δ VFilling waterFor filling water volume；
6) moisture content surveyed in soil-water characteristic curve using axial translation technology deducts the moisture content shared by filling water, derives
Going out revised moisture content formula is：
Or
In formula, θActual measurementFor the volumetric water content actual value that axial translation technology is measured, θAmendmentFor obtaining after axial translation technology amendment
Volumetric water content, wActual measurementFor the quality moisture content actual value that axial translation technology is measured, wAmendmentFor obtaining after axial translation technology amendment
Quality moisture content；
To obtain the volumetric water content or quality moisture content of amendment as ordinate, matric suction is abscissa, that is, obtain axle
The amendment soil-water characteristic curve of panning techniques.
Describe the corrected Calculation implementation of the present invention with reference to the whole calculating process of soil sample 1 and soil sample 2 in detail.
(1) loose ground is crossed into 2mm sieves, take the lower soil of sieve, survey its moisture content, the dry density of soil sample 1 is set as 1.5g/cm3, adopt
Pressure sample method prepares specificationWithTwo kinds of soil samples.The first soil sample is using based on axle
The Fredlund soil water instrument test SWCC of panning techniques, second soil sample test SWCC, the native water feature of acquisition using tensometer
Curve, as shown in Figure 1.The SWCC test datas of soil sample 2 quote the article that Liu gives silver《Affect the experiment of GCTS soil-water characteristic curves instrument
As a result factor and curve analysis on its rationality》, soil-water characteristic curve is as shown in Figure 2.
(2) the initial saturation degree of soil sample and dry density are substituted into into formula (1) and is calculated gas body in soil sample internal capillary gap
Product.
(3) in unsaturated soil matric suction lifting process, the gas in soil in micropore is compressed, and is calculated by formula (4)
Obtain filling the volume shared by water.
(4) formula (5) or (6) are utilized to be calculated the correction value of axial translation technology moisture content, as shown in Table 1 and Table 2, amendment
Curve is as depicted in figs. 1 and 2.
1 soil sample of table, 1 soil-water characteristic curve measured value and correction value
2 soil sample of table, 2 soil-water characteristic curve measured value and correction value
With reference to absolute error formula Δ xi=Gi-BiWith relative error formulaThe SWCC amendments of analysis soil sample 1
Effect in front and back, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, in formula, Δ xiFor absolute error, GiFor measuring value (SWCC of axle translation test), BiFor
Actual value (SWCC of tensometer test), EiFor relative error.
Fig. 3 illustrates the absolute error variation tendency before and after 1 soil-water characteristic curve amendment of soil sample, and absolute error is inhaled with matrix
Power increases and increases, and through amendment, maximum absolute error is reduced to 2% by 4.2%, reduces 50%, and correction effect is notable.Figure
4 variation tendencies for presenting accuracy before and after 1 soil-water characteristic curve amendment of soil sample, maximum relative error are reduced to by 25%
14.5%, 42% is reduced, accuracy is significantly improved.
The fair curve of axial translation technology SWCC is obtained using the modification method, for replacing tensometer field monitoring non-full
With the SWCC of soil, field monitoring cost can be substantially reduced and reduce impact of the surrounding environment to soil-water characteristic curve test result,
It is allowed to be more nearly with actual value.Additionally, soil-water characteristic curve is the important channel for obtaining unsaturated soil water retention property, accurately
Test result can make engineer preferably grasp the characteristics such as unsaturation soil's water content, intensity, infiltration, be beneficial to stability of slope
Property analysis and deep pit monitor excavate.It can be seen that, it is the modification method definite conception, simple, with higher using value.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of modification method of the unsaturated soil soil-water characteristic curve to being tested based on axial translation technology, the method includes following
Step：
(1) in selection unsaturated soil, aperture is 0.003～0.3 μm of micropore, by one end open, the micropore of one end closing
Gap is idealized as one end open, the not isometrical or isometrical capillary model of one end closing；
(2) according to saturation degree formula in soil mechanicsWith void ratio formulaDerive inside the micropore
The computing formula of gas volume is：
In formula,v aAccumulate for porous gases,S rFor soil saturation degree,d sFor specific density of solid particles,ρ wFor the density of water,ρ dIt is dry for soil sample
Density,VFor soil sample volume,V wFor the volume of water in soil sample,V vFor the volume of soil sample mesopore,eFor soil sample void ratio,γ wFor water
Severe,γ dFor the dry unit weight of soil sample；
(3) when controlling the matric suction of unsaturated soil using axial translation technology, the absolute pressure of hole gas and the pass of matric suction
It is that formula is：
u=u w+u s +u 0 (2)
In formula,uFor the absolute pressure of hole gas,u wFor pore water pressure,u sFor the matric suction of unsaturated soil,u 0It is big for standard
Atmospheric pressure；
(4) matric suction of unsaturated soil is controlled in closed environment, gas volume in the absolute pressure of hole gas and hole
Relation is described with equation for ideal gases PV=nRT, i.e., when temperature constant, the absolute pressure of hole gas is raised, and gas volume will
Reduce, the relation gone out between the matric suction of unsaturated soil and gas volume decrement based on this relation derivation is：
In formula, ΔvFor gas volume decrement；
(5) in the matric suction lifting process of unsaturated soil, in the micropore of unsaturated soil, gas will be compressed, volume compression
Part filled by native pore water, derive that pore water loading with the relation of matric suction is：
In formula, ΔV Filling waterFor filling water volume；
(6) moisture content surveyed in soil-water characteristic curve using axial translation technology deducts the moisture content shared by filling water, derives
Revised moisture content formula is：
Or
In formula,θ Actual measurementFor the volumetric water content actual value that axial translation technology is measured,θ AmendmentFor the body obtained after axial translation technology amendment
Product moisture content,w Actual measurementFor the quality moisture content actual value that axial translation technology is measured,w AmendmentFor the matter obtained after axial translation technology amendment
Amount moisture content；
To obtain the volumetric water content or quality moisture content of amendment as ordinate, matric suction is abscissa, that is, obtain axle translation
The amendment soil-water characteristic curve of technology.
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| CN106769771A (en) * | 2017-01-09 | 2017-05-31 | 同济大学 | A kind of measuring method of the unsaturated soil infiltration coefficient based on low-field nuclear magnetic resonance technology |
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| CN106996970B (en) * | 2017-04-26 | 2019-04-05 | 长沙理工大学 | A kind of soil shear strength calculation method based on unsaturated soil nonlinear strength envelope shell model |
| CN107014982A (en) * | 2017-05-18 | 2017-08-04 | 百盛联合建设集团有限公司 | Dialysis experimental rig and method |
| CN107402175B (en) * | 2017-06-06 | 2019-07-09 | 湖北工业大学 | A kind of fractal prediction method of soil―structure interaction under deformation condition |
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| JP2007071853A (en) * | 2005-09-07 | 2007-03-22 | Tomoyoshi Nishimura | Apparatus for measuring water retention curve capable of loading perpendicular stress thereon |
| CN201773056U (en) * | 2010-08-20 | 2011-03-23 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Multi-functional soil consolidation and permeation test device |
| GB201210625D0 (en) * | 2012-06-15 | 2012-08-01 | Bennett Clive P | A test method for estimating a solis megative pore water pressure (matric suction) |
| CN203644299U (en) * | 2014-01-16 | 2014-06-11 | 哈尔滨商业大学 | Unsaturated soil test-used axial translation technology demonstration instrument |
| CN104749042B (en) * | 2015-04-09 | 2021-08-03 | 西南交通大学 | Suction controllable unsaturated soil static triaxial apparatus based on inner body variation precision measurement |
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