CN105423772B - Power station air cooling system adopting combined refrigeration with shaft seal steam leakage of steam turbine and continuous blow-down waste heat of boiler as well as method for predicting heat-transfer coefficient of air-cooling condenser - Google Patents
Power station air cooling system adopting combined refrigeration with shaft seal steam leakage of steam turbine and continuous blow-down waste heat of boiler as well as method for predicting heat-transfer coefficient of air-cooling condenser Download PDFInfo
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- CN105423772B CN105423772B CN201510798891.4A CN201510798891A CN105423772B CN 105423772 B CN105423772 B CN 105423772B CN 201510798891 A CN201510798891 A CN 201510798891A CN 105423772 B CN105423772 B CN 105423772B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28B—STEAM OR VAPOUR CONDENSERS
- F28B1/00—Condensers in which the steam or vapour is separate from the cooling medium by walls, e.g. surface condenser
- F28B1/06—Condensers in which the steam or vapour is separate from the cooling medium by walls, e.g. surface condenser using air or other gas as the cooling medium
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K11/00—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers
- F01K11/02—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers the engines being turbines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
- F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
- F22B37/48—Devices for removing water, salt, or sludge from boilers; Arrangements of cleaning apparatus in boilers; Combinations thereof with boilers
- F22B37/54—De-sludging or blow-down devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
- F22D11/00—Feed-water supply not provided for in other main groups
- F22D11/02—Arrangements of feed-water pumps
- F22D11/06—Arrangements of feed-water pumps for returning condensate to boiler
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B30/00—Heat pumps
- F25B30/06—Heat pumps characterised by the source of low potential heat
Abstract
The invention discloses a power station air cooling system adopting combined refrigeration with shaft seal steam leakage of a steam turbine and continuous blow-down waste heat of a boiler. The system is characterized in that the steam turbine is communicated with a steam source, the steam turbine is connected with an electric generator, and the steam turbine is sequentially communicated with an air-cooling condenser, a condensate pump and boiler feedwater; the steam turbine is sequentially communicated with a steam leakage condenser, a steam leakage condensate pump and the boiler feedwater; boiler blow-down water is sequentially communicated with a flash tank, a deaerator, a working medium superheater and a drainage ditch; the steam leakage condenser is sequentially communicated with the working medium superheater, and a generator is communicated with the steam leakage condenser through a working medium circulating pump; the generator is sequentially communicated with a condenser, a first throttling valve and an evaporator, the evaporator is communicated with an absorber, and the generator is sequentially communicated with a second throttling valve, the absorber, a solution pump and a generator; and air is sequentially communicated with the evaporator, an induced draft fan and the air-cooling condenser. A method for predicting a heat-transfer coefficient of the air-cooling condenser is further provided.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to thermal power station's turbine discharge air-cooled technology field, is a kind of turbine shaft leak sealing vapour and boiler
The residual heat combined refrigeration power station air cooling system of continuous blowdown and air cooling tubes condenser coefficient of heat transfer Forecasting Methodology.
Background technology
The steam discharge of steam turbine is referred to as Air-cooled Unit using air cooled fired power generating unit, cools down according to direct or indirect air
Mode be divided into direct air-cooling units and a cold group again, its cooling system is referred to as direct-cooled system and a cooling system, wherein, China is again main
Will be based on direct air-cooling units.Direct air-cooling units with its good water-saving performance, in the northeast of China's richness coal hydropenia, North China and northwest
The coal fired power plant in (" three Norths ") area is applied widely, although its water consumption rate only has the 15%~25% of wet type cooling unit,
But 10~20g/kWh is higher by as cost than wet type cooling unit with coa consumption rate.One of its reason is air cooling tubes condenser gas side heat exchange system
Number is low, and its heat exchange area is tens times of water-cooled condenser, causes design initial temperature differences to be up to 38 DEG C~40 DEG C, so in high temperature
The operation back pressure of period usual direct air-cooling units is up to more than 30kPa, or even reaches 50kPa and approach its coarse vacuum protection act back of the body
Pressure.
In addition, there is larger pressure reduction in the dummy piston packing both sides of the high parameter large capacity turbine of large-scale power station, operation
The high, medium and low cylinder pressure of middle steam turbine is had some vapor and is spilt by dummy piston, referred to as turbine shaft seal gas leakage, only middle pressure
The dummy piston gland-packing leakage rate of cylinder just can reach the intermediate pressure cylinder air leakage of 3%~6%, 600MW units up to 50t/h~60t/
H, is only condensed into condensate and gives boiler replenishing water by cooling water in currently practical operation by turbine shaft seal gas leakage, and cooling water
Exit water temperature is about 70 DEG C or so, because its temperature is relatively low, there is no correlation to utilize technical scheme in large-scale power station.Meanwhile, large-scale electricity
In the dum boiler operation stood, the quality of pot water is regulated and controled usually through the mode of continuous blowdown, on the one hand in the continuous pot discharged
Sewage quantity is larger, and, up to 27t/h, on the other hand, the drain temperature after dilatation is higher for the unit continuous blowdown of 4 × 600MW,
100 DEG C~180 DEG C are may be up to, and current large-scale power station utilizes this partial heat, scene fortune without related technical scheme
Substantially gutter is sent directly in row, the heat loss for causing is larger.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is that high frequency occur with the change of ambient air temperature for thermal power station's direct air cooling system exhaust temperature
Rate, fluctuate widely, the characteristics of high ambient temperature period exhaust steam pressure remains high, and turbine shaft leak sealing vapour is continuous with boiler
Blowdown waste heat amount is big, and temperature is relatively low, the present situation for causing thermal power station to there is no economically feasible using technical scheme, by prior art
It is combined and innovates, proposes a kind of turbine shaft leak sealing vapour and the residual heat combined refrigeration power station air cooling system of continuous blowdown system of boiler,
It is characterized in, being combined through series connection with the higher continuous blowdown system of boiler waste heat of the relatively low shaft-packing leakage waste heat of temperature and temperature, it is stable to be constituted
Heat source, realize continuous, stable absorption refrigeration, produce cold air adjustment air cooling system cooling air temperature, reduce vapour
Turbine discharge temperature, improves Turbo-generator Set thermal efficiency of cycle；And the structural shape and heat transfer process based on air cooling tubes condenser,
Scientific and reasonable, simple and convenient is set up, the Forecasting Methodology of the analysis air cooling tubes condenser coefficient of heat transfer can be monitored on-line.
Realize that one of technical scheme that the object of the invention is adopted is：A kind of turbine shaft leak sealing vapour and continuous blowdown system of boiler
Residual heat combined refrigeration power station air cooling system, it is characterised in that：It includes that the vapour entrance that enters of steam turbine 2 is connected with vapour source 1, steam turbine
2 are connected with electromotor 3, and the steam drain 27 of steam turbine 2 is connected with the first input end of air cooling tubes condenser 18, and air cooling tubes condenser 18 is exported
End is connected by condensate pump 21 with the first input end of boiler replenishing water 22；The gland packing leakage mouth 28 of steam turbine 2 and leakage vapour condenser 4
High temperature side input is connected, and the high temperature side outfan of leakage vapour condenser 4 is defeated with boiler replenishing water 22 second by gas leakage condensate pump 24
Enter end connection；Boiler blowdown water 5 is connected with the input of flash vessel 7, and the outfan of flash vessel 7 first is connected with oxygen-eliminating device 6, flash vessel
7 second outfans are connected with the high temperature side input of working medium superheater 8, and the high temperature side outfan of working medium superheater 8 connects with gutter 26
It is logical；The low temperature side outfan of leakage vapour condenser 4 is connected with the low temperature side input of working medium superheater 8, the output of the low temperature side of working medium superheater 8
End connects with the high temperature side input of generator 9, and the high temperature side outfan of generator 9 is by working medium circulating pump 17 and leakage vapour condenser 4
Low temperature side input is connected；The first outfan of low temperature side of generator 9 is connected with the input of condenser 10, and the outfan of condenser 10 leads to
Cross first throttle valve 11 to connect with the low temperature side input of vaporizer 12, the low temperature side outfan of vaporizer 12 is defeated with absorber 14 first
Enter end connection, the second outfan of low temperature side of generator 9 is connected by second throttle 16 with the input of absorber 14 second, is absorbed
The outfan of device 14 is connected by solution pump 15 with the low temperature side input of generator 9；Air 20 and the high temperature side input of vaporizer 12
Connection, the high temperature side outfan of vaporizer 12 is connected by air-introduced machine 13 with the input of air cooling tubes condenser 18 second.
The air cooling tubes condenser 18 includes steam discharge distribution pipe 30, cold air nozzle 34 and electric cleaner 36, steam discharge distribution pipe 30
Outlet is restrained 32 entrances and is connected with air cooling tubes condenser, and the outlet of air cooling tubes condenser tube bank 32 is connected with the entrance of condensate tank 31, is condensed
The outlet of water tank 31 is connected with condensate delivery pipe 35, and air cooling tubes condenser tube bank 32 is placed in below steam discharge distribution pipe 30, in 55 °~
65 ° of angle arrangements, air cooling blower fan 33 is placed in immediately below air cooling tubes condenser tube bank 32 and with condensate tank 31 in same plane, condensate
31 times connection electric cleaners 36 of case, the lower section of electric cleaner 36 is equipped with cold air and connects case 37 and connect with the input of air cooling tubes condenser 18 second
Logical, cold air connects multiple cold air nozzles 34 is embedded with case 37.
Realize that the two of the technical scheme that the object of the invention is adopted is：A kind of air cooling tubes condenser coefficient of heat transfer Forecasting Methodology,
It is characterized in that：Air cooling tubes condenser variable working condition state mathematical model is set up using efficiency-unit number method, coefficient of heat transfer shadow is extracted
The factor of sound, using each influence factor as input variable, the coefficient of heat transfer, using intelligent algorithm, sets up empty as output variable
Cold condenser coefficient of heat transfer intelligent algorithm forecast model, whole Forecasting Methodology is set up following equation group quantitative descriptions：
Turbine discharge temperature：
Number of transfer units：
Turbine discharge thermic load, air cooling tubes condenser heat exchange amount and cooling air caloric receptivity is equal：
Qe=Ka·Fa·Δt0=GCp·Δta (3)
The logarithmic mean temperature difference (LMTD) of air cooling tubes condenser：
Cooling air temperature rise：
Δta=ta,o-ta (5)
Air cooling tubes condenser coefficient of heat transfer intelligent algorithm forecast model：
Ka=f (Qe、ta、tn、ta,o、vNF) (6)
Wherein, QeFor turbine discharge thermic load, NTU is number of transfer units, and G is cooling air mass flow, tnFor steamer
Machine exhaust temperature, taFor ambient air temperature, ta,oFor air cooling tubes condenser outlet air temperature, Δ t0For air cooling tubes condenser logarithmic mean temperature difference (LMTD),
ΔtaFor cooling air temperature rise, SFFor air cooling tubes condenser front face area, KaFor the air cooling tubes condenser coefficient of heat transfer, FaFor air cooling condensing
The total heat exchange area of device, vNFFor air cooling tubes condenser face velocity, ρ is cooling air density, CpFor cooling air specific heat at constant pressure；Connection
Vertical (1), formula (2), formula (3), formula (4) and formula (5), extract turbine discharge thermic load, exhaust temperature, and ambient air temperature is empty
Cold condenser outlet air temperature and face velocity are air cooling tubes condenser coefficient of heat transfer influence factor, simultaneous formula (6), with each influence factor
For input variable, using artificial neural network, algorithm of support vector machine, air cooling tubes condenser coefficient of heat transfer forecast model is set up.
The advantage body of the turbine shaft leak sealing vapour of present invention refrigeration power station air cooling system residual heat combined with continuous blowdown system of boiler
Now：
1) according to temperature cascade utilization principle, connected using the higher boiler of the relatively low turbine shaft leak sealing vapour of temperature and temperature
Continuous blowdown waste heat concatenation coupling laser heating cooling working medium, occurs by absorption refrigeration unit of heated high temperature cooling working medium
Device heat source, combines and realizes process of refrigerastion using turbine shaft leak sealing vapour and continuous blowdown system of boiler waste heat；
2) cold air that absorption refrigeration process is produced is sent to air cooling tubes condenser gas side entrance, and mixes with cooling air,
The high temperature period reduces air cooling tubes condenser entering air temperature, and then realizes turbine shaft leak sealing vapour and continuous blowdown system of boiler waste heat system
Cold method reduces turbine discharge temperature, with improve steam turbine acting ability under heat consumption and steam discharge mass flow operating mode,
Turbo-generator Set thermal efficiency of cycle can be improved, unit heat consumption rate and coal consumption is reduced；
3) air cooling tubes condenser integrates cooling air cooling and electric precipitation function, is produced using absorption refrigeration unit
Cold air reduces cooling air temperature, reduces steam condensation temperature in air cooling tubes condenser tube bank, and then reduces turbine discharge temperature
Degree；Meanwhile, electric cleaner is equipped with air cooling tubes condenser cooling air intake, cold air jet expansion, efficiently remove in cooling air
The float such as airborne dust, reduce air cooling tubes condenser dust stratification amount, maintain high cleanliness, the initial heat transfer temperature difference is reduced, empty with cooling
At a temperature of gas, it is possible to decrease turbine discharge temperature and exhaust steam pressure；
4) system need not carry out the transformation of host groups, simple and reasonable for structure, cheap, without particular/special requirement equipment, can be real
The property applied is good, it is often more important that improve Turbo-generator Set generating efficiency, energy-saving and environmental protection effect is significant；
5) air cooling tubes condenser of turbine shaft leak sealing vapour refrigeration power station air cooling system residual heat combined with continuous blowdown system of boiler is changed
Hot coefficient prediction method, based on air cooling tubes condenser structural shape and heat transfer process, according to heat exchanger energy efficiency-unit number method and
Heat balance principle, the influence factor for extracting the air cooling tubes condenser coefficient of heat transfer, then using this influence factor as input variable, according to people
The intelligent algorithm such as artificial neural networks and support vector machine, builds air cooling tubes condenser coefficient of heat transfer Forecasting Methodology, only needs on-line monitoring
These easily survey variable for turbine discharge thermic load, exhaust temperature, ambient air temperature, air cooling tubes condenser outlet air temperature and face velocity,
The air cooling tubes condenser coefficient of heat transfer under operating condition can be quickly analyzed, its methodological science rationally, can online, in real time calculate air cooling
The condenser coefficient of heat transfer, assesses the runnability of air cooling tubes condenser.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of refrigeration residual heat combined with the continuous blowdown system of boiler power station air cooling system structural representation of turbine shaft leak sealing vapour
Figure.
Fig. 2 is a kind of air cooling tubes condenser structural representation.
In figure：1 vapour source, 2 steam turbines, 3 electromotors, 4 leakage vapour condensers, 5 boiler blowdown waters, 6 oxygen-eliminating devices, 7 flash vessels, 8
Working medium superheater, 9 generators, 10 condensers, 11 first throttle valves, 12 vaporizers, 13 air-introduced machines, 14 absorbers, 15 solution pumps,
16 second throttle, 17 working medium circulating pumps, 18 air cooling tubes condensers, 20 air, 21 condensate pumps, 22 boiler replenishing waters, 24 gas leakage are coagulated
Bear water pump, 26 gutters, 27 steam drains, 28 gland packing leakage mouths, 30 steam discharge distribution pipes, 31 condensate tanks, 32 air cooling tubes condenser pipes
Beam, 33 air cooling blower fans, 34 cold air nozzles, 35 condensate delivery pipes, 36 electric cleaners, 37 cold air headers.
Specific embodiment
Below with the drawings and specific embodiments, the invention will be further described.
With reference to Fig. 1, a kind of turbine shaft leak sealing vapour and the residual heat combined refrigeration power station air cooling of continuous blowdown system of boiler of embodiment
System, it is characterised in that：It includes that the vapour entrance that enters of steam turbine 2 is connected with vapour source 1, and steam turbine 2 is connected with electromotor 3, steamer
The steam drain 27 of machine 2 is connected with the first input end of air cooling tubes condenser 18, the outfan of air cooling tubes condenser 18 by condensate pump 21 with
The first input end of boiler replenishing water 22 is connected；The gland packing leakage mouth 28 of steam turbine 2 is connected with the high temperature side input of leakage vapour condenser 4,
The high temperature side outfan of leakage vapour condenser 4 is connected by gas leakage condensate pump 24 with the input of boiler replenishing water 22 second；Boiler blow-off
Water 5 is connected with the input of flash vessel 7, and the outfan of flash vessel 7 first is connected with oxygen-eliminating device 6, the outfan of flash vessel 7 second and working medium
The high temperature side input of superheater 8 is connected, and the high temperature side outfan of working medium superheater 8 is connected with gutter 26；The low temperature of leakage vapour condenser 4
Side outfan is connected with the low temperature side input of working medium superheater 8, the low temperature side outfan of working medium superheater 8 and the high temperature side of generator 9
Input is connected, and the high temperature side outfan of generator 9 is connected by working medium circulating pump 17 with the low temperature side input of leakage vapour condenser 4；
The first outfan of low temperature side of generator 9 is connected with the input of condenser 10, the outfan of condenser 10 by first throttle valve 11 with
The low temperature side input of vaporizer 12 is connected, and the low temperature side outfan of vaporizer 12 is connected with the first input end of absorber 14, generator 9
The outfan of low temperature side second is connected by second throttle 16 with the input of absorber 14 second, and the outfan of absorber 14 is by molten
Liquid pump 15 is connected with the low temperature side input of generator 9；Air 20 is connected with the high temperature side input of vaporizer 12, the high temperature of vaporizer 12
Side outfan is connected by air-introduced machine 13 with the input of air cooling tubes condenser 18 second.
With reference to Fig. 2, the air cooling tubes condenser 18 includes steam discharge distribution pipe 30, cold air nozzle 34 and electric cleaner 36, steam discharge
Distribution pipe 30 is exported and connected with air cooling tubes condenser 32 entrances of tube bank, and the outlet of air cooling tubes condenser tube bank 32 connects with the entrance of condensate tank 31
Logical, the outlet of condensate tank 31 is connected with condensate delivery pipe 35, and air cooling tubes condenser tube bank 32 is placed in the lower section of steam discharge distribution pipe 30, is in
55 °~65 ° angle arrangements, air cooling blower fan 33 is placed in immediately below air cooling tubes condenser tube bank 32 and with condensate tank 31 in same plane,
31 times connection electric cleaners 36 of condensate tank, the lower section of electric cleaner 36 is equipped with cold air and connects case 37 and defeated with air cooling tubes condenser 18 second
Enter end connection, cold air connects multiple cold air nozzles 34 are embedded with case 37.
The air cooling tubes condenser coefficient of heat transfer Forecasting Methodology of the present invention, sets up air cooling tubes condenser and becomes using efficiency-unit number method
Work condition state mathematical model, extracts air cooling tubes condenser coefficient of heat transfer influence factor, using each influence factor as input variable, air cooling
The condenser coefficient of heat transfer, using intelligent algorithm, sets up air cooling tubes condenser coefficient of heat transfer intelligent algorithm pre- as output variable
Model is surveyed, whole Forecasting Methodology is set up there are following equation group quantitative descriptions：
Turbine discharge temperature：
Number of transfer units：
Turbine discharge thermic load, air cooling tubes condenser heat exchange amount and cooling air caloric receptivity is equal：
Qe=Ka·Fa·Δt0=GCp·Δta (3)
The logarithmic mean temperature difference (LMTD) of air cooling tubes condenser：
Cooling air temperature rise：
Δta=ta,o-ta (5)
Air cooling tubes condenser coefficient of heat transfer intelligent algorithm forecast model：
Ka=f (Qe、ta、tn、ta,o、vNF) (6)
Wherein, QeFor turbine discharge thermic load, NTU is number of transfer units, and G is cooling air mass flow, tnFor steamer
Machine exhaust temperature, taFor ambient air temperature, ta,oFor air cooling tubes condenser outlet air temperature, Δ t0For air cooling tubes condenser logarithmic mean temperature difference (LMTD),
ΔtaFor cooling air temperature rise, SFFor air cooling tubes condenser front face area, KaFor the air cooling tubes condenser coefficient of heat transfer, FaFor air cooling condensing
The total heat exchange area of device, vNFFor air cooling tubes condenser face velocity, ρ is cooling air density, CpFor cooling air specific heat at constant pressure；Connection
Vertical (1), formula (2), formula (3), formula (4) and formula (5), extract turbine discharge thermic load, exhaust temperature, and ambient air temperature is empty
Cold condenser outlet air temperature and face velocity are air cooling tubes condenser coefficient of heat transfer influence factor, simultaneous formula (6), with each influence factor
For input variable, using artificial neural network, algorithm of support vector machine, air cooling tubes condenser coefficient of heat transfer forecast model is set up.
A kind of turbine shaft leak sealing vapour of embodiment and the residual heat combined refrigeration power station air cooling system of continuous blowdown system of boiler, specifically
The course of work is：Vapour source 1 enters the expansion work of steam turbine 2, and then drives electromotor 3 to generate electricity, the steam discharge of the steam drain 27 of steam turbine 2
Condensate is condensed into in air cooling tubes condenser 18, the condensate of the outlet of air cooling tubes condenser 18 is sent after the boosting of condensate pump 21
Back boiler moisturizing 22, completes turbine discharge condensation process；The leakage vapour of the gland packing leakage mouth 28 of steam turbine 2 enters leakage vapour condenser 4
High temperature side, boiler replenishing water is sent into by the high temperature side outlet condensate of leakage vapour condenser 4 of heat absorption cooling by gas leakage condensate pump 24
22, boiler blowdown water 5 carries out blood pressure lowering dilatation into flash vessel 7, and the high-temperature steam of the first outlet of flash vessel 7 enters oxygen-eliminating device 6, expands
The high-temperature-hot-water of the second outlet of container 7 enters the high temperature side of working medium superheater 8, the cooled high temperature side outlet of working medium superheater 8
Hot water enters gutter 26, and cooling working medium enters the low temperature side heat absorption of leakage vapour condenser 4, leaks the cold of the low temperature side outlet of vapour condenser 4
But working medium sends into the low temperature side of working medium superheater 8, and by the overheated low temperature side outlet cooling working medium of working medium superheater 8 generator 9 is sent into
High temperature side, the cooled high temperature side outlet cooling working medium of generator 9 sends into the low temperature of leakage vapour condenser 4 by working medium circulating pump 17
Side, continues to absorb heat, and completes turbine shaft seal gas leakage and the residual heat combined heating process of continuous blowdown system of boiler；The low temperature side of generator 9
The high-pressure gaseous refrigerant of one outlet is condensed into condenser 10, and the high pressure liquid refrigerant of the outlet of condenser 10 is through first segment
The throttling of stream valve 11 is evaporated to send into the low temperature side of vaporizer 12 after low-pressure, liquid refrigerant, the low pressure gas of the low temperature side outlet of vaporizer 12
State cold-producing medium enters the first entrance of absorber 14, and the absorbent solution of the low temperature side second outlet of generator 9 passes through second throttle
The second entrance of absorber 14 is entered after 16 throttlings, cryogenic gaseous cold-producing medium absorbs in absorber 14 with absorbent solution and is mixed into
Cold-producing medium-absorbent solution, the cold-producing medium-absorbent solution of the outlet of absorber 14 is sent into after the boosting of solution pump 15 to be occurred
The low temperature side of device 9, air 20 enters the high temperature side heat release of vaporizer 12, and the cold air of the cooled high temperature side outlet of vaporizer 12 passes through
Air-introduced machine 13 sends into air cooling tubes condenser 18 after boosting, and completes power station air cooling system process of refrigerastion.
Described air cooling tubes condenser 18 is a kind of heat transmission equipment for integrating cooling air cooling and dusting function, steamer
Machine steam discharge enters air cooling tubes condenser tube bank 32 after the distribution of steam discharge distribution pipe 30, and the cooling air sent by air cooling blower fan 33 is cold
Solidifying, the condensate of the outlet of air cooling tubes condenser tube bank 32 enters condensate tank 31, and the condensate of the outlet of condensate tank 31 is through condensing
Water delivery pipe 35 gives condensate pump 21；The cold air of the outlet of air-introduced machine 13 enters cold air header 37, the cold air Jing of cold air header 37
The air-vent of air cooling tubes condenser 18, the cold air and cooling air of the outlet of cold air nozzle 34 are entered after the expansion diffusion of supercool gas jets 34
The dedusting of electric cleaner 36 is entered after mixing, the dedusting combination cooling air of the outlet of electric cleaner 36 enters air cooling tubes condenser tube bank 32
Condensing turbine steam discharge, heated cooling air flows through and enter after the fin channels of sky bank of condenser pipes 32 air, realizes cooling
The condensation process of the cooling, dedusting and turbine discharge of air.
Described air cooling tubes condenser coefficient of heat transfer Forecasting Methodology is a kind of flexible measurement method of the air cooling tubes condenser coefficient of heat transfer,
First, air cooling tubes condenser exhaust temperature t is set up using heat transfer-unit number methodnVariable condition calculation model, extract air cooling condensing
Device coefficient of heat transfer KaInfluence factor includes turbine discharge thermic load Qe, exhaust temperature tn, ambient air temperature taMeet with air cooling tubes condenser
Face wind speed vNF；Secondly, then according to the equal heat of turbine discharge thermic load, air cooling tubes condenser heat exchange amount and cooling air caloric receptivity
Equilibrium principle, extracts air cooling tubes condenser outlet air temperature ta,oAlso it is air cooling tubes condenser coefficient of heat transfer KaInfluence factor；Finally, with
Turbine discharge thermic load Qe, exhaust temperature tn, ambient air temperature ta, air cooling tubes condenser face velocity vNF, outlet air temperature ta,oFor defeated
Enter variable, air cooling tubes condenser coefficient of heat transfer KaFor output variable, using the intelligent algorithm structure such as artificial neural network, support vector machine
Build air cooling tubes condenser coefficient of heat transfer Forecasting Methodology.
The turbine shaft leak sealing vapour of the present invention and the residual heat combined refrigeration power station air cooling system of continuous blowdown system of boiler, joint is utilized
Turbine shaft leak sealing vapour and continuous blowdown system of boiler waste heat are absorption refrigeration thermal source, then produce cold air drop with absorption refrigeration unit
Low air cooling tubes condenser cooling air temperature, reduces steam turbine exhaust pressure and temperature, increases steam turbine acting ability, so can gram
The shortcoming of clothes is as follows：1. turbine shaft leak sealing vapour waste heat is relatively low with continuous blowdown system of boiler waste heat supply temperature, and large-scale power station can without economy
Row Application way；2. high temperature period exhaust steam pressure is high, or even approaches Air-cooled Unit coarse vacuum protection act back pressure, harm unit peace
Row for the national games；3. air cooling tubes condenser dust stratification is serious, and blocking fin channels cause exhaust temperature quickly to raise, and reduce unit operation economy
Property；4. the operating condition air cooling tubes condenser coefficient of heat transfer cannot qualitative assessment, empirically come routine cleaning air cooling tubes condenser heat exchange
Area ash.Turbine shaft leak sealing vapour, continuous blowdown system of boiler are residual heat combined to be utilized to realize absorption refrigeration, has both reduced steam turbine
Exhaust temperature, improves Air-cooled Unit safety in operation and economy, and waste heat discharge is reduced again, reduces environmental thermal pollution.
The turbine shaft leak sealing vapour of the present invention and the residual heat combined refrigeration power station air cooling system of continuous blowdown system of boiler, using steamer
Arbor gland leak-off one-level heated cooling medium, two grades of heated cooling mediums of continuous blowdown system of boiler waste heat, cooling medium heat energy conduct
Absorption refrigeration unit thermal source, produces cold air to reduce the cooling air temperature of air-cooled system air-cooled condenser 18.Turbine shaft
Gland leak-off and continuous blowdown system of boiler waste heat are realized more than power station steam turbine according to the height concatenation coupling heated cooling medium of its temperature
The cascade utilization of heat and boiler afterheat；Absorption refrigeration unit produces cold air and can reduce cooling air temperature under same ambient air temperature,
Turbine discharge parameter is reduced, increases steam turbine enthalpy drop, improve generating efficiency.
The air cooling tubes condenser 18 of the present invention is a kind of heat transmission equipment for integrating cooling air cooling and electric precipitation function,
First, the cooling air mixing of the cold air and air cooling tubes condenser 18 produced using absorption refrigeration unit, reduces cooling air
Temperature, under the same initial temperature differences operating mode of air cooling tubes condenser 18, can significantly reduce exhaust temperature and exhaust steam pressure；Secondly, exist
The cooling air intake of air cooling tubes condenser 18 and the outlet of cold air nozzle 34 are equipped with electric cleaner 36, on the one hand can remove cooling empty
Airborne dust in gas, reduces the dust stratification of air cooling tubes condenser 18, on the other hand, forms the wind channel of a rule so that air and suction
The cold air that receipts formula cold-producing medium is produced is sufficiently mixed, and forms the uniform cooling air of temperature, is conducive to maintaining the row of air cooling tubes condenser 18
Vapour condensation number is stablized.
The air cooling tubes condenser coefficient of heat transfer Forecasting Methodology of the present invention, according to air cooling tubes condenser structural shape and heat transfer process,
Associating between the air cooling tubes condenser coefficient of heat transfer and its influence factor is set up according to following two-stage process：1) using efficiency-unit
Number method sets up exhaust temperature computation model under Study on Variable Condition Features, extracts the influence factor of the air cooling tubes condenser coefficient of heat transfer, including
Turbine discharge thermic load, exhaust temperature, ambient air temperature, air cooling tubes condenser face velocity；2) heat balance method of is adopted, sets up steam discharge
Thermic load, air cooling tubes condenser heat exchange amount and cooling air caloric receptivity balance correlation, extracts the air cooling tubes condenser coefficient of heat transfer
Influence factor, including air cooling tubes condenser outlet air temperature, and calculate the air cooling tubes condenser coefficient of heat transfer.On this basis, with steamer
Machine exhaust steam heat load, exhaust temperature, ambient air temperature, air cooling tubes condenser outlet air temperature and face velocity are input variable, and air cooling coagulates
The vapour device coefficient of heat transfer is output variable, using intelligent algorithms such as artificial neural network, support vector machine, builds air cooling tubes condenser and changes
Hot coefficient prediction method, only need to monitor above-mentioned influence factor on-line, can online, in real time calculate operating condition according to Forecasting Methodology
The lower air cooling tubes condenser coefficient of heat transfer.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of turbine shaft leak sealing vapour and the residual heat combined refrigeration power station air cooling system of continuous blowdown system of boiler, it is characterised in that：It
Connect with vapour source (1) including the vapour entrance that enters of steam turbine (2), steam turbine (2) is connected with electromotor (3), the steam discharge of steam turbine (2)
Mouth (27) is connected with air cooling tubes condenser (18) first input end, and air cooling tubes condenser (18) outfan is by condensate pump (21) and pot
Stove moisturizing (22) first input end is connected；The gland packing leakage mouth (28) of steam turbine (2) and leakage vapour condenser (4) high temperature side input
Connection, leakage vapour condenser (4) high temperature side outfan is connected by gas leakage condensate pump (24) with the input of boiler replenishing water (22) second
It is logical；Boiler blowdown water (5) is connected with flash vessel (7) input, and the outfan of flash vessel (7) first is connected with oxygen-eliminating device (6), dilatation
The outfan of device (7) second is connected with working medium superheater (8) high temperature side input, working medium superheater (8) high temperature side outfan with row
Ditch (26) connects；Leakage vapour condenser (4) low temperature side outfan is connected with working medium superheater (8) low temperature side input, working medium mistake
Hot device (8) low temperature side outfan is connected with generator (9) high temperature side input, and generator (9) high temperature side outfan passes through working medium
Circulating pump (17) is connected with leakage vapour condenser (4) low temperature side input；The first outfan of generator (9) low temperature side and condenser
(10) input connection, condenser (10) outfan is connected by first throttle valve (11) with vaporizer (12) low temperature side input
Logical, vaporizer (12) low temperature side outfan is connected with absorber (14) first input end, the second outfan of generator (9) low temperature side
Connected with the input of absorber (14) second by second throttle (16), absorber (14) outfan by solution pump (15) with
Generator (9) low temperature side input is connected；Air (20) is connected with vaporizer (12) high temperature side input, vaporizer (12) high temperature
Side outfan is connected by air-introduced machine (13) with the input of air cooling tubes condenser (18) second.
2. a kind of turbine shaft leak sealing vapour according to claim 1 and the residual heat combined refrigeration power station air cooling of continuous blowdown system of boiler
System, it is characterised in that：The air cooling tubes condenser (18) includes steam discharge distribution pipe (30), cold air nozzle (34) and electric cleaner
(36), steam discharge distribution pipe (30) outlet with air cooling tubes condenser tube bank (32) entrance connect, air cooling tubes condenser tube bank (32) export and
Condensate tank (31) entrance is connected, and condensate tank (31) outlet is connected with condensate delivery pipe (35), air cooling tubes condenser tube bank
(32) steam discharge distribution pipe (30) lower section is placed in, in 55 °~65 ° angle arrangements, air cooling blower fan (33) is placed in air cooling tubes condenser tube bank
(32) electric cleaner (36), electric cleaner are connected immediately below and under same plane, condensate tank (31) with condensate tank (31)
(36) lower section is equipped with cold air and connects case (37) and connect with the input of air cooling tubes condenser (18) second, cold air connect be embedded with case (37) it is many
Individual cold air nozzle (34).
3. the residual heat combined refrigeration power station air cooling system of turbine shaft leak sealing vapour according to claim 1 and continuous blowdown system of boiler
System, it is characterised in that：Air cooling tubes condenser coefficient of heat transfer Forecasting Methodology is to set up air cooling tubes condenser using efficiency-unit number method and become
Work condition state mathematical model, extracts coefficient of heat transfer influence factor, and using each influence factor as input variable, the coefficient of heat transfer is used as defeated
Go out variable, using intelligent algorithm, set up air cooling tubes condenser coefficient of heat transfer intelligent algorithm forecast model, whole Forecasting Methodology is built
It is vertical to have following equation group quantitative descriptions：
Turbine discharge temperature：
Number of transfer units：
Turbine discharge thermic load, air cooling tubes condenser heat exchange amount and cooling air caloric receptivity is equal：
Qe=Ka·Fa·Δt0=GCp·Δta (3)
The logarithmic mean temperature difference (LMTD) of air cooling tubes condenser：
Cooling air temperature rise：
Δta=ta,o-ta (5)
Air cooling tubes condenser coefficient of heat transfer intelligent algorithm forecast model：
Ka=f (Qe、ta、tn、ta,o、vNF) (6)
Wherein, QeFor turbine discharge thermic load, NTU is number of transfer units, and G is cooling air mass flow, tnFor steam turbine row
Stripping temperature, taFor ambient air temperature, ta,oFor air cooling tubes condenser outlet air temperature, Δ t0For air cooling tubes condenser logarithmic mean temperature difference (LMTD), Δ ta
For cooling air temperature rise, SFFor air cooling tubes condenser front face area, KaFor the air cooling tubes condenser coefficient of heat transfer, FaIt is total for air cooling tubes condenser
Heat exchange area, vNFFor air cooling tubes condenser face velocity, ρ is cooling air density, CpFor cooling air specific heat at constant pressure；Simultaneous formula
(1), formula (2), formula (3), formula (4) and formula (5), extract turbine discharge thermic load, exhaust temperature, and ambient air temperature, air cooling coagulates
Vapour device outlet air temperature and face velocity are air cooling tubes condenser coefficient of heat transfer influence factor, simultaneous formula (6), with each influence factor as defeated
Enter variable, using artificial neural network, algorithm of support vector machine, set up air cooling tubes condenser coefficient of heat transfer forecast model.
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| CN108871821B (en) * | 2017-10-25 | 2021-05-14 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Real-time monitoring method for energy efficiency state of air cooler based on mean value-moving range method |
| CN109284777B (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2021-09-28 | 内蒙古大学 | Water supply pipeline leakage identification method based on signal time-frequency characteristics and support vector machine |
| CN108875719B (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2023-09-22 | 浙江浙能兴源节能科技有限公司 | Air cooler dust accumulation state sensing system and calculation method based on deep learning and infrared image recognition |
| CN110473119B (en) * | 2019-08-14 | 2021-11-12 | 国能南京电力试验研究有限公司 | Optimized operation method of vacuum pump set of thermal power plant |
| CN113959237B (en) * | 2021-09-09 | 2023-11-24 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Coupled steam refrigeration cooling operation optimization method for direct air cooling unit |
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| JP3483277B2 (en) * | 1993-10-25 | 2004-01-06 | 日正汽船株式会社 | Exhaust heat recovery equipment in turbine equipment |
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