CN105419198B - 一种水性防滑胶及其制备方法与应用 - Google Patents

一种水性防滑胶及其制备方法与应用 Download PDF

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CN105419198B
CN105419198B CN201511016463.8A CN201511016463A CN105419198B CN 105419198 B CN105419198 B CN 105419198B CN 201511016463 A CN201511016463 A CN 201511016463A CN 105419198 B CN105419198 B CN 105419198B
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成光宇
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种水性防滑胶及其制备方法与应用，该水性防滑胶由如下重量份数的组分制备而成：水性丙烯酸酯乳液100份、橡胶粉5‑20份、体质填料A 10‑30份、体质填料B 0‑15份、起泡剂5‑12份、稳泡剂1‑3份、增稠剂0.1‑1份、分散剂0.1‑1.5份、色浆0‑0.5份、水0‑8份。由本发明的水性防滑胶制备的防滑胶布其防滑性优良，静摩擦系数可达1.4以上。

Description

一种水性防滑胶及其制备方法与应用
技术领域
本发明涉及防滑材料技术领域，更具体地说，涉及一种水性防滑胶及其制备方法与应用。
背景技术
目前市面应用在地毯防滑方面的产品主要为PVC材质，PVC材质的含卤素和增塑剂等不环保，另外，其防滑效果较差，难以满足功能需求；一些较高档的防滑垫采用PU材质，加工一般采用湿法工艺生产,生产过程中使用大量的有机溶剂，溶剂回收工艺复杂，能耗极高，对环境污染比较严重。另外PU材料价格比较昂贵，产品成本高。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题在于，针对现有技术的上述缺陷，提供一种质优价廉的环保水性防滑胶，其能够满足发泡及涂布工艺要求，可通过机械发泡机直接对其进行物理发泡和采用常规的涂头在网格布/无纺布等基材上进行涂布即可制得相应的防滑产品。该水性防滑胶产品环保无毒，且生产及加工应用过程中能耗低，无溶剂挥发和回收处理，对环境无不利影响。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是：提供一种水性防滑胶，由如下重量份数的组分制备而成：
作为本发明水性防滑胶的一种优选的方案，所述水性丙烯酸酯乳液为自交联型纯丙乳液；
所述橡胶粉为丁腈橡胶粉、丁苯橡胶粉、丁基橡胶粉、异戊橡胶粉、乙丙橡胶粉、天然橡胶粉中的一种或两种以上的组合物。
作为本发明水性防滑胶的一种优选的方案，所述体质填料A为碳酸钙粉、木质粉、滑石粉中的一种或两种以上的组合物；所述体质填料B为石英粉、云母粉、玻纤粉中的一种或两种以上的组合物。
作为本发明水性防滑胶的一种优选的方案，所述起泡剂为烷基硫酸盐、烷基苯磺酸盐、直链醇硫酸盐、烯烃磺酸盐、磺基琥珀酰胺酸钠中的一种或两种以上的组合物；
所述稳泡剂为聚硅氧烷-多烷氧基醚共聚物、硅树脂聚醚乳液、硬脂酸盐、磺代丁酰胺、烷基琥珀酸盐中的一种或两种以上的组合物；
所述增稠剂为聚丙烯酸钠、聚丙烯酰胺、水性碲合型增稠剂、交联型乳液增稠剂中的一种或两种以上的组合物；
所述分散剂为聚醚改性聚二甲基硅氧烷、丙烯酸酯改性聚二甲基硅氧烷、聚酯改性聚二甲基硅氧烷中的一种。
实现本发明的第二个目在于提供一种如上述水性防滑胶的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
a.在料桶中加入水性丙烯酸酯乳液，充分搅拌混合；
b.依次向步骤a中的料桶中加入橡胶粉、体质填料A、体质填料B、起泡剂、稳泡剂、增稠剂、分散剂、色浆、水，用分散机高速搅拌均匀，得到浆料；
c.将步骤b搅拌好的浆料进行过滤，取过滤后的浆料；
d.将步骤c过滤好的浆料经机械发泡机进行物理发泡处理，即得水性防滑胶。
实现本发明的第三个目在于提供一种防滑胶布，包括纺织物和在纺织物上涂覆有如上述的水性防滑胶。
作为本发明防滑胶布的一种优选的方案，所述纺织物为无纺布、网布、涤纶布、棉布、绒布中的一种。
实现本发明的第四个目在于提供一种如上所述防滑胶布的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
1)制备水性防滑胶：包括如下步骤：
1.1)在料桶中加入水性丙烯酸酯乳液，充分搅拌混合；
1.2)依次向步骤1.1)中的料桶中加入橡胶粉、体质填料A、体质填料B、起泡剂、稳泡剂、增稠剂、分散剂、色浆、水，用分散机高速搅拌均匀，得到浆料；
1.3)将步骤1.2)搅拌好的浆料进行过滤，取过滤后的浆料；
1.4)将步骤1.3)过滤好的浆料经机械发泡机进行物理发泡处理，即得水性防滑胶；
2)将步骤1)中得到的水性防滑胶以辊涂或刮涂方式，均匀涂覆在纺织物的单面或双面上；
3)将步骤2)涂覆好的纺织物送入60-160℃高温炉中烧烤，发泡，固化，即得防滑胶布。
作为本发明防滑胶布的制备方法中一种优选的方案，该制备方法还包括对步骤3)固化好的纺织物的发泡涂层进行压纹或表面涂饰的处理。
实施本发明的水性防滑胶及其制备方法与应用，具有以下有益效果：
(1)由本发明的水性防滑胶制备的防滑胶布其防滑性优良，静摩擦系数可达1.4以上。
(2)此外，与PVC发泡防滑产品相比，其防滑产品需高温才能化学发泡。而本发明制备的防滑胶布其采用物理常温发泡，低温度干燥，因此能耗较低；产品中无可塑剂和卤素等有害物质，应用方面更加环保安全；加工生产应用过程中采用水作为溶剂，与PU湿发工艺比较,其不需要进行有机溶剂回收，能耗低，另外无有机溶剂挥发，改善了车间生产环境，有益于工人身体健康。
具体实施方式
下面，结合具体实施方式，对本发明做进一步描述：
一种水性防滑胶，由如下重量份数的组分制备而成：
其中，本发明所用原料均可从市场中购得。
所述水性丙烯酸酯乳液为自交联型纯丙乳液；优选地，该水性丙烯酸酯乳液购自上海保立佳化工有限公司型号为780的丙烯酸酯乳液。
所述橡胶粉为经硫化处理的橡胶粉，包括再生橡胶粉和天然橡胶粉，再生橡胶粉选自丁腈橡胶粉、丁苯橡胶粉、丁基橡胶粉、异戊橡胶粉、乙丙橡胶粉中的一种或两种以上的组合物；优选地，橡胶粉购自天津明基金泰橡塑制品加工有限公司，橡胶粉的目数为150-250目。
所述体质填料A为碳酸钙粉、木质粉、滑石粉中的一种或两种以上的组合物；所述碳酸钙粉包括重质碳酸钙粉和轻质碳酸钙粉；重质碳酸钙粉是由天然碳酸盐矿物如方解石、大理石、石灰石磨碎而成，其沉降体积为1.1-1.9mL/g/g，比表面积为0.9-1.1m2/g；轻质碳酸钙粉是将石灰石等原料段烧生成石灰(主要成分为氧化钙)和二氧化碳，再加水消化石灰生成石灰乳(主要成分为氢氧化钙)，然后再通入二氧化碳碳化石灰乳生成碳酸钙沉淀，最后经脱水、干燥和粉碎而制得，或者先用碳酸钠和氯化钙进行复分解反应生成碳酸钙沉淀，然后经脱水、干燥和粉碎而制得，其沉降体积为2.4-2.8mL/g/g，比表面积为5m2/g。
所述体质填料B为石英粉、云母粉、玻纤粉中的一种或两种以上的组合物。
所述起泡剂为烷基硫酸盐、烷基苯磺酸盐、直链醇硫酸盐、烯烃磺酸盐、磺基琥珀酰胺酸钠等阴离子表面活性剂中的一种或两种以上的组合物。所述烷基硫酸盐为其烷基的碳链长度为C8-C18，硫酸盐为硫酸钠盐、硫酸钾盐等；所述烷基苯磺酸盐为其烷基的碳链长度为C8-C18，磺酸盐为磺酸钠盐、磺酸钾盐等；烯烃磺酸盐优选为烯烃磺酸钠。
所述稳泡剂为聚硅氧烷-多烷氧基醚共聚物、硅树脂聚醚乳液、硬脂酸盐、磺代丁酰胺、烷基琥珀酸盐中的一种或两种以上的组合物。
所述增稠剂为聚丙烯酸钠、聚丙烯酰胺、水性碲合型增稠剂、交联型乳液增稠剂中的一种或两种以上的组合物；
所述分散剂为聚醚改性聚二甲基硅氧烷、丙烯酸酯改性聚二甲基硅氧烷、聚酯改性聚二甲基硅氧烷中的一种。
所述色浆由水性基础色浆调配而成。
本发明的一种防滑胶布，包括纺织物和在纺织物上涂覆有如上述的水性防滑胶。其中，所述纺织物为无纺布、网布、涤纶布、棉布、绒布中的一种。
所述防滑胶布的制备方法为本领域常规的操作方法，包括如下步骤：
1)制备本发明的水性防滑胶：包括如下步骤：
1.1)在料桶中加入水性丙烯酸酯乳液，充分搅拌混合；
1.2)依次向步骤1.1)中的料桶中加入橡胶粉、体质填料A、体质填料B、起泡剂、稳泡剂、增稠剂、分散剂、色浆、水，用分散机高速搅拌均匀，得到浆料；
1.3)将步骤1.2)搅拌好的浆料进行过滤，取过滤后的浆料；
1.4)将步骤1.3)过滤好的浆料经机械发泡机进行物理发泡处理，即得水性防滑胶；
2)将步骤1)中得到的水性防滑胶以辊涂或刮涂方式，均匀涂覆在纺织物的单面或双面上；
3)将步骤2)涂覆好的纺织物送入60-160℃高温炉中烧烤，发泡，固化，即得防滑胶布；
4)对步骤3)固化好的纺织物的发泡涂层进行压纹或表面涂饰的处理。
实施例1-3：一种防滑胶布
实施例1-3的水性防滑胶，按照表1中的原料配比进行备料，然后按照如下步骤制备而得，实施例1-3所用原料均可从市场中购得，其中，水性丙烯酸酯乳液购自上海保立佳化工有限公司型号为780的丙烯酸酯乳液。
表1实施例1-3水性防滑胶的原料配比
实施例1-3的防滑胶布的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
1)按照表1中的配方制备水性防滑胶：
1.1)在料桶中加入水性丙烯酸酯乳液，充分搅拌混合；
1.2)依次向步骤1.1)中的料桶中加入橡胶粉、体质填料A、体质填料B、起泡剂、稳泡剂、增稠剂、分散剂、色浆、水，用分散机高速搅拌均匀，得到浆料；
1.3)将步骤1.2)搅拌好的浆料进行过滤，取过滤后的浆料；
1.4)将步骤1.3)过滤好的浆料经机械发泡机进行物理发泡处理，即得水性防滑胶；
2)将步骤1)中得到的水性防滑胶以辊涂或刮涂方式，均匀涂覆在纺织物的单面或双面上；
3)将步骤2)涂覆好的纺织物送入150℃高温炉中烧烤，发泡，固化，即得防滑胶布；
4)对步骤3)固化好的纺织物的发泡涂层进行压纹或表面涂饰的处理。
下面，以PVC制成的发泡防滑布为对比实施例，取实施例1-3制得的防滑胶布，对其静摩擦系数进行检测。
静摩擦系数测试采用摩擦系数测试仪进行测定，测试时需要一张测试台，将被测材料安置在测试台上，然后将重量块放在被测物上并匀速拉动，开始测试。触发质量块移动的最大力(静摩擦力)，和保持质量块运动的平均力(动摩擦力)，都会被准确而连贯地检测到，用来计算相应的摩擦系数。摩擦系数测试仪自行计算静摩擦系数，结果如表2所示。
表2对比实施例与实施例1-3产品性能测试结果：
实施例 静摩擦系数
对比实施例 0.9
实施例1 1.40
实施例2 1.61
实施例3 1.42
经检验，与对比实施例相比，本发明由水性防滑胶制备的防滑胶布其防滑性优良，静摩擦系数可达1.4以上。
此外，与实施例1中的PVC发泡防滑产品相比，其防滑产品需高温才能化学发泡。而本发明制备的防滑胶布其采用物理常温发泡，低温度干燥，因此能耗较低；产品中无可塑剂和卤素等有害物质，应用方面更加环保安全；加工生产应用过程中采用水作为溶剂，与PU湿发工艺比较,其不需要进行有机溶剂回收，能耗低，另外无有机溶剂挥发，改善了车间生产环境，有益于工人身体健康。
对本领域的技术人员来说，可根据以上描述的技术方案以及构思，做出其它各种相应的改变以及形变，而所有的这些改变以及形变都应该属于本发明权利要求的保护范围之内。

Claims (5)

1.一种水性防滑胶，其特征在于，由如下重量份数的组分制备而成：
水性丙烯酸酯乳液 100份
橡胶粉 5-20份
体质填料A 10-30份
体质填料B 0-15份
起泡剂 5-12份
稳泡剂 1-3份
增稠剂 0.1-1份
分散剂 0.1-1.5份
色浆 0-0.5份
水 0-8份；
所述水性丙烯酸酯乳液为自交联型纯丙乳液；
所述橡胶粉为丁腈橡胶粉、丁苯橡胶粉、丁基橡胶粉、异戊橡胶粉、乙丙橡胶粉、天然橡胶粉中的一种或两种以上的组合物；
所述体质填料A为碳酸钙粉、木质粉、滑石粉中的一种或两种以上的组合物；所述体质填料B为石英粉、云母粉、玻纤粉中的一种或两种以上的组合物；
所述起泡剂为烷基硫酸盐、烷基苯磺酸盐、直链醇硫酸盐、烯烃磺酸盐、磺基琥珀酰胺酸钠中的一种或两种以上的组合物；
所述稳泡剂为聚硅氧烷-多烷氧基醚共聚物、硅树脂聚醚乳液、硬脂酸盐、磺代丁酰胺、烷基琥珀酸盐中的一种或两种以上的组合物；
所述增稠剂为聚丙烯酸钠、聚丙烯酰胺、水性碲合型增稠剂、交联型乳液增稠剂中的一种或两种以上的组合物；
所述分散剂为聚醚改性聚二甲基硅氧烷、丙烯酸酯改性聚二甲基硅氧烷、聚酯改性聚二甲基硅氧烷中的一种；
该水性防滑胶按照如下步骤制备：
a.在料桶中加入水性丙烯酸酯乳液，充分搅拌混合；
b.依次向步骤a中的料桶中加入橡胶粉、体质填料A、体质填料B、起泡剂、稳泡剂、增稠剂、分散剂、色浆、水，用分散机高速搅拌均匀，得到浆料；
c.将步骤b搅拌好的浆料进行过滤，取过滤后的浆料；
d.将步骤c过滤好的浆料经机械发泡机进行物理发泡处理，即得水性防滑胶。
2.一种防滑胶布，其特征在于，包括纺织物和在纺织物上涂覆有如权利要求1所述的水性防滑胶。
3.根据权利要求2所述的防滑胶布，其特征在于，所述纺织物为无纺布、网布、涤纶布、棉布、绒布中的一种。
4.一种如权利要求2所述防滑胶布的制备方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
1）制备水性防滑胶：包括如下步骤：
1.1）在料桶中加入水性丙烯酸酯乳液，充分搅拌混合；
1.2）依次向步骤1.1）中的料桶中加入橡胶粉、体质填料A、体质填料B、起泡剂、稳泡剂、增稠剂、分散剂、色浆、水，用分散机高速搅拌均匀，得到浆料；
1.3）将步骤1.2）搅拌好的浆料进行过滤，取过滤后的浆料；
1.4）将步骤1.3）过滤好的浆料经机械发泡机进行物理发泡处理，即得水性防滑胶；
2）将步骤1）中得到的水性防滑胶以辊涂或刮涂方式，均匀涂覆在纺织物的单面或双面上；
3）将步骤2）涂覆好的纺织物送入60 -160℃高温炉中烧烤，发泡，固化，即得防滑胶布。
5.根据权利要求4所述的防滑胶布的制备方法，其特征在于，还包括对步骤3）固化好的纺织物的发泡涂层进行压纹或表面涂饰的处理。
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