CN105412701A - 一种治疗腰椎间盘突出的药物及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种治疗腰椎间盘突出的药物及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种治疗腰椎间盘突出的药物及其制备方法,其主要是由川芎、红花、肉桂、独活、防风、木瓜、薏苡仁、桑枝、蚯蚓、骨碎补、细辛、麻黄、玳瑁、肉苁蓉、白术、甘草、陈皮、羌活、枸杞子、黑大豆、赤芍、青风藤、苏木、杜仲、狗脊按一定重量配比制备而成,本发明药物具有补肾气,强筋骨,活气血,止痹痛的功能,用于治疗腰椎间盘突出见效快、疗效好,不复发。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种治疗腰椎间盘突出的药物及其制备方法,属中药领域。
技术背景
腰椎间盘突出是指腰椎间盘各部分(髓核、纤维环及软骨板),尤其是髓核,有不同程度的退行性改变后,在外力因素的作用下,椎间盘的纤维环破裂,髓核组织从破裂之处突出(或脱出)于后方或椎管内,导致相邻脊神经根遭受刺激或压迫,从而产生腰部疼痛,一侧下肢或双下肢麻木、疼痛等一系列临床症状。中医则认为腰椎间盘突出多因肾气不足,外受风寒湿邪而致,属于痹症、腰腿痛范畴。由于西药治疗副作用大,因此人们对有效治疗腰椎间盘突出的中药药物存在极大的需求,至今为止,还没有发现关于本发明的有关报道。
发明内容
本发明人经过反复的研究和临床试验的反复验证,终于找到了有效治疗腰椎间盘突出的药物,从而完成了本发明。
本发明的目的就是提供一种有效治疗腰椎间盘突出的中药组合药物。
本发明的另一目的就是提供了该中药组合药物的制备方法。
本发明药物是选择川芎、红花、肉桂、独活、防风、木瓜、老蜗生、薏苡仁、桑枝、蚯蚓、骨碎补、三七、草乌头、细辛、麻黄、玳瑁、肉苁蓉、白术、金钱白花蛇、当归、甘草、陈皮、羌活、枸杞子、黑大豆、赤芍、青风藤、苏木、杜仲、狗脊药物进行组合制备的,将这些药物组合使得各药物功效产生协同作用,从而能够有效治疗腰椎间盘突出。其中,选用川芎是因为其性味辛,温,入肝、胆经,有行气开郁,祛风燥湿,活血止痛的功能,治风冷头痛旋晕,胁痛腹疼,寒痹筋挛,经闭,难产,产后瘀阻块痛,痈疽疮疡。选用红花是因为其性味辛,温,入心、肝经,有活血通经,去瘀止痛的功能,治经闭,癥瘕,难产,死胎,产后恶露不行,瘀血作痛,痈肿,跌扑损伤。选用肉桂是因为其性味辛甘,热,入肾、脾、膀胱经,有补元阳,暖脾胃,除积冷,通血脉的功能,治命门火衰,肢冷脉微,亡阳虚脱,腹痛泄泻,寒疝奔豚,腰膝冷痛,经闭癥瘕,阴疽,流注,及虚阳浮越,上热下寒。选用独活是因为其性味辛苦,温,入肾、膀胱经,有祛风,胜湿,散寒,止痛的功能,治风寒湿痹,腰漆酸痛,手脚挛痛,慢性气管炎,头痛,齿痛。选用防风是因为其性味辛甘,温,入膀胱、肺、脾经,有发表,祛风,胜湿,止痛的功能,治外感风寒,头痛,目眩,项强,风寒湿痹,骨节酸痛,四肢挛急,破伤风。选用木瓜是因为其性味酸,温,入肝、脾经,有平肝和胃,去湿舒筋的功能,治吐泻转筋,湿痹,脚气,水肿,痢疾。选用老蜗生是因为其性味甘涩,平,有清热利湿,舒筋活络的功能,治风湿骨痛,坐骨神经痛。选用薏苡仁是因为其性味甘淡,凉,入脾、肺、肾经,有健脾,补肺,清热,利湿的功能,治泄泻,湿痹,筋脉拘挛,屈伸不利,水肿,脚气,肺痿,肺痈,肠痈,淋浊,白带。选用桑枝是因为其性味苦,平,入肝经,有祛风湿,利关节,行水气的功能,治风寒湿痹,四肢拘挛,脚气浮肿,肌体风痒。选用蚯蚓是因为其性味咸,寒,入肝、脾、肺经,有清热,平肝,止喘,通络的功能,治高热狂躁,惊风抽搐,风热头痛,目赤,中风半身不遂,喘息,喉痹,关节疼痛,齿衄,小便不通,瘰疬,痄腮,疮疡。选用骨碎补是因为其性味苦,温,入肝、肾经,有补肾,活血,止血的功能,治肾虚久泻及腰痛,风湿痹痛,齿痛,耳鸣,跌打闪挫、骨伤,阑尾炎,斑秃,鸡眼。选用三七是因为其性味甘微苦,温,入肝、胃、大肠经,有止血,散瘀,消肿,定痛的功能,治吐血,咳血,衄血,便血,血痢,崩漏,癥瘕,产后血晕,恶露不下,跌扑瘀血,外伤出血,痈肿疼痛。选用草乌头是因为其性味辛,热,有毒,入肝、脾、肺经,有搜风胜湿,散寒止痛,开痰,消肿的功能,治风寒湿痹,中风瘫痪,破伤风,头风,脘腹冷痛,痰癖,气块,冷痢,喉痹,痈疽,疔疮,瘰疬。选用细辛是因为其性味辛,温,入肺、肾经,有祛风,散寒,行水,开窃的功能,治风冷头痛,鼻渊,止痛,痰饮咳逆,风湿痹痛。选用麻黄是因为其性味辛苦,温,入肺、膀胱经,有发汗,平喘,利水的功能,治伤寒表实,发热恶寒,无汗,头痛鼻塞,骨节疼痛,咳嗽气喘,风水浮肿,小便不利,风邪顽痹,皮肤不仁,风疹瘙痒。选用玳瑁是因为其性味甘,寒,归心、肝经,有清热解毒,平肝定惊的功能,治心烦失眠,痈肿疮毒,小儿惊痫,热痛惊狂,中风,谵语,痉厥。选用肉苁蓉是因为其性味甘酸咸,温,入肾、大肠经,有补肾,益精,润燥,清肠的功能,治男子阳痿,女子不孕,带下,血崩,腰膝冷痛,血枯便秘。选用白术是因为其性味苦甘,温,入脾、胃经,有补脾,益胃,燥湿,和中的功能,治脾胃气弱,不思饮食,倦怠少气,虚胀,泄泻,痰饮,水肿,黄疸,湿痹,小便不利,头晕,自汗,胎气不安。选用金钱白花蛇是因为其性味甘、咸,温,有毒,归肝经,有祛风,通络,镇惊,攻毒的功能,治半身不遂,四肢麻木,抽搐痉挛,破伤风,关节酸痛,风湿顽痹,麻风。选用当归是因为其性味甘辛,温,入心、肝、脾经,有补血和血,调经止痛,润燥滑肠的功能,治月经不调,经闭腹痛,癥瘕结聚,崩漏,血虚头痛,眩晕,痿痹,肠燥难便,赤痢后重,痈疽疮疡,金疮,跌扑损伤。选用甘草是因为其性味甘平,入脾、胃、肺经,有和中缓急,润肺,解毒,调和诸药的功能,炙用治脾胃虚弱,食少,腹痛便溏,劳倦发热,肺痿咳嗽,心悸,惊痈,生用治咽喉肿痛,消化性溃疡,痈疽疮疡,解药毒及食物中毒。选用陈皮是因为其性味苦、辛,温,归肺、脾经,有理气健脾,燥湿化痰的功能,治胸脘胀满,食少吐泻,咳嗽痰多。选用羌活是因为其性味辛苦,温,入膀胱、肾经,有散表寒,祛风湿,利关节的功能,治感冒风寒,头痛无汗,风寒湿痹,项强筋急,骨节酸疼,风水浮肿,痈疽疮毒。选用枸杞子是因为其性味甘,平,有滋肾,润肺,补肝,明目的功能,治肝肾阴亏,腰膝酸软,头晕目眩,目昏多泪,虚劳咳嗽,消渴,遗清。选用黑大豆是因为其性味甘,平,入脾、胃经,有活血利水,祛风解毒的功能,治水肿胀满,风毒脚气,风痹筋挛,痈肿疮毒。选用赤芍是因为其性味苦,微寒,归肝经,有清热凉血,散瘀止痛的功能,治温毒发狂,吐血衄血,目赤肿痛,肝郁胁痛,经闭痛经,癎瘕腹痛,跌扑损伤,痈肿疮疡。选用青风藤是因为其性味苦,辛,平,归肝、脾经,有祛风湿,通经络,利小便的功能,治风湿痹痛,关节肿胀,麻痹瘙痒。选用苏木是因为其性味甘、咸、平,归心、肝、脾经,有行血,破瘀,消肿,止痛的功能,治外伤肿痛,经闭痛经,产后瘀血,胸腹刺痛,痢疾,破伤风。选用杜仲是因为其性味甘微辛,温,入肝、肾经,有补肝肾,强筋骨,安胎的功能,治腰脊酸疼,足膝痿弱,小便余沥,阴下湿痒,胎漏欲堕,高血压。选用狗脊是因为其性味苦甘,温,入肝、肾经,有补肝肾,除风湿,健腰脚,利关节的功能,治腰背酸疼,膝痛脚弱,寒湿周痹,失溺,尿频,遗精,白带。
具体实施方式
本发明组分的药物用量也是发明人经过大量摸索总结得出的,各组分的用量在下述重量范围内都具有较好的疗效
川芎8-12克,红花8-12克,肉桂5-8克,独活10-15克,防风10-15克,木瓜12-18克,老蜗生15-25克,薏苡仁10-15克,桑枝10-15克,蚯蚓8-12克,骨碎补10-15克,三七8-12克,草乌头5-8克,细辛3-6克,麻黄8-12克,玳瑁10-15克,肉苁蓉8-12克,白术8-12克,金钱白花蛇6-10克,当归8-12克,甘草8-12克,陈皮10-15克,羌活10-15克,枸杞子8-12克,黑大豆12-18克,赤芍8-12克,青风藤8-12克,苏木10-15克,杜仲12-18克,狗脊10-15克。
优选为
川芎10克,红花10克,肉桂6克,独活12克,防风12克,木瓜15克,老蜗生20克,薏苡仁12克,桑枝12克,蚯蚓10克,骨碎补12克,三七10克,草乌头6克,细辛5克,麻黄10克,玳瑁12克,肉苁蓉10克,白术10克,金钱白花蛇8克,当归10克,甘草10克,陈皮12克,羌活12克,枸杞子10克,黑大豆15克,赤芍10克,青风藤10克,苏木12克,杜仲15克,狗脊12克。
本发明药物的制备方法如下
一、备料
1、川芎:拣去杂质,分开大、小个,用水浸泡,晒晾,闷润后切片,干燥;
2、红花:拣净杂质,除去茎叶、蒂头,晒干;
3、肉桂:拣净杂质,刮去粗皮,用时打碎,或刮去粗皮,用温开水浸润片刻,切片,晾干;
4、独活:拣去杂质,分开大小个,洗净,润透后切片,干燥;
5、防风:除去残茎,用水浸泡,捞出,润透切片,晒干;
6、木瓜:清水洗净,稍浸泡,闷润至透,置蒸笼内蒸熟,乘热切片,日晒夜露,以由红转紫黑色为止;
7、老蜗生:全草入药,拣净杂质,晒干;
8、薏苡仁:取原药材,除去残留皮壳、杂质;
9、桑枝:拣去杂质,洗净,用水浸泡,润透后,切段,晒干;
10、蚯蚓:拣去杂质,用水漂净,及时捞出,晒干,切段;
11、骨碎补:去净泥砂杂质,洗净,稍浸泡,润透,切片,晒干;
12、三七:拣净杂质,捣碎,研末或润透后切片晒干;
13、草乌头:取净草乌,用凉水浸漂,每日换水2-3次,至口尝仅稍留麻辣感时取出,同甘草、黑豆加水共煮,以草乌熟透、内无白心为度,然后除去甘草及黑豆,晒至六成干,闷润后切片,晒干,每草乌100斤,用甘草5斤,黑豆10斤;
14、细辛:除净杂质,用水喷润,及时切段,晒干;
15、麻黄:拣去杂质,去尽木质茎及残根,用水洗净,微润后切段,干燥即得;
16、玳瑁:刷净,用温水浸软后,切成细丝;
17、肉苁蓉:拣净杂质,清水浸泡,每天换水1—2次,如系咸苁蓉,泡尽盐分,润透,纵向切片,晒干;
18、白术:拣净杂质,用水浸泡,泡后捞出,润透,切片,晒干;
19、金钱白花蛇:取原药材,除去竹签及头,用时切段;
20、当归:拣去杂质,洗净,闷润,稍晾,切片晒干;
21、甘草:拣去杂质,洗净,用水浸泡至八成透时,捞出,润透,切片,凉干;
22、陈皮:取原药材,除去杂质及变黑的果皮,抢水洗净,润软,切丝,晒干或低温干燥,筛去灰屑;
23、羌活:拣去杂质,洗净,润透,切片,晾干;
24、枸杞子:簸净杂质,摘去残留的梗和蒂;
25、黑大豆:拣净杂质,晒干;
26、赤芍:取原药材,除去杂质,大小分档,洗净,润透,切薄片,干燥,筛去碎屑;
27、青风藤:秋冬采老藤,切段,晒干;
28、苏木:取原药材,锯成短段,再劈成碎片或镑片;
29、杜仲:除去粗皮,洗净,润透,切成方块或丝条,晒干;
30、狗脊:取沙子置锅内炒至轻松,加入拣净的狗脊,用武火炒至鼓起并显深黄色,取出,筛除沙子,风晾后,撞去或刮净黄绒毛。
二、制备
1、将所述重量的川芎、红花、肉桂、独活、防风、木瓜、老蜗生、薏苡仁、桑枝、蚯蚓、骨碎补、三七、草乌头、细辛、麻黄、玳瑁、肉苁蓉、白术、金钱白花蛇、当归、甘草、陈皮、羌活、枸杞子、黑大豆、赤芍、青风藤、苏木、杜仲、狗脊放入煎药容器内,第一次加水8倍量,浸泡100分钟后,武火煎煮沸腾,再用文火煎煮20分钟,过滤得第一次煎煮液,将第一次煎煮液倒入容器内。
2、将过滤的药渣加水6倍量,武火煮沸,再用文火煎煮20分钟,过滤得第二次煎煮液。
3、将两次煎煮液混合搅拌均匀即得,分为4剂服用。
组方中骨碎补有补肾,活血,止血的功能为君药;杜仲补肝肾,强筋骨,安胎;狗脊有补肝肾,除风湿,健腰脚,利关节的功能,二者为臣药,三味药共同发挥补肾,活血,强筋骨,除风湿的作用,治疗腰椎间盘突出效力全面,且以补肾,活血,强筋骨为主可治本,苏木有行血,破瘀,消肿,止痛的功能为佐药,甘草有和中缓急,润肺,解毒,调和诸药的功能为使药,与余下诸药是治标。
本发明药物具有补肾气,强筋骨,活气血,止痹痛的功能,用于治疗腰椎间盘突出,疗程短、见效快、治愈后不复发。
以下通过试验例来进一步阐述本发明所述药物的有益效果,这些试验例包括本发明药物的动物毒性试验报告和临床疗效观察资料。
[试验例1]本发明药物的动物毒性试验报告
取家兔30只,雌雄兼用,体重2.0—2.5kg,分两组,每组15只,其中一组为超剂量试验组,另一组为正常量试验组。服用药液超常量组为20ml/kg,正常量为10ml/kg,给药方式为灌胃法给药,每天两次,连服7天,每天观察给药反应,结果表明二组家兔活动、饮食正常,药物无不良毒副作用。
[试验例2]本发明药物的临床疗效观察
1、一般资料
收治腰椎间盘突出门诊患者共36例。
2、诊断标准
大多数患者最先出现的症状为下腰部感应痛,有时可伴有臀部疼痛;绝大多数患者是腰4-5、腰5-骶1间隙突出,表现为坐骨神经痛,症状是从下腰部向臀部、大腿后方、小腿外侧直到足部的放射痛,这种放射痛多为一侧,仅极少数为双下肢痛;患者向正后突出的髓核或脱垂、游离椎间盘组织压迫马尾神经,症状是大、小便障碍,会阴和肛周感觉异常,严重可有大、小便失禁及双下次肢不完全性瘫痪。
3、治疗方法
选用上述药剂,给患者服用,每次服用1剂,每天早、晚各服1次,15天为一个疗程,连续服用3个疗程。
4、疗效评定标准
显效:腰椎间盘突出症状消失,体质恢复正常,痊愈;
好转:患者下腰部疼痛及臀部疼痛现象减轻,腰椎间盘突出症状明显好转,体质逐步恢复;
无效:达不到好转标准者。
5、治疗结果(见下表)
在上述治疗中,用本发明药物治疗腰椎间盘突出患者36例,结果显效31例,显效率为86.11%,好转3例,好转率为8.33%,无效2例,总有效率为94.44%。
Claims (3)
1.一种治疗腰椎间盘突出的药物,其特征在于:它是由下列重量范围内的原料药制成:
川芎8-12克,红花8-12克,肉桂5-8克,独活10-15克,防风10-15克,木瓜12-18克,老蜗生15-25克,薏苡仁10-15克,桑枝10-15克,蚯蚓8-12克,骨碎补10-15克,三七8-12克,草乌头5-8克,细辛3-6克,麻黄8-12克,玳瑁10-15克,肉苁蓉8-12克,白术8-12克,金钱白花蛇6-10克,当归8-12克,甘草8-12克,陈皮10-15克,羌活10-15克,枸杞子8-12克,黑大豆12-18克,赤芍8-12克,青风藤8-12克,苏木10-15克,杜仲12-18克,狗脊10-15克。
2.根据权利要求1所述的药物,其中各原料药的用量为:
川芎10克,红花10克,肉桂6克,独活12克,防风12克,木瓜15克,老蜗生20克,薏苡仁12克,桑枝12克,蚯蚓10克,骨碎补12克,三七10克,草乌头6克,细辛5克,麻黄10克,玳瑁12克,肉苁蓉10克,白术10克,金钱白花蛇8克,当归10克,甘草10克,陈皮12克,羌活12克,枸杞子10克,黑大豆15克,赤芍10克,青风藤10克,苏木12克,杜仲15克,狗脊12克。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述药物的制备方法,它包括下列步骤:
(一)备料
(1)川芎:拣去杂质,分开大、小个,用水浸泡,晒晾,闷润后切片,干燥;
(2)红花:拣净杂质,除去茎叶、蒂头,晒干;
(3)肉桂:拣净杂质,刮去粗皮,用时打碎,或刮去粗皮,用温开水浸润片刻,切片,晾干;
(4)独活:拣去杂质,分开大小个,洗净,润透后切片,干燥;
(5)防风:除去残茎,用水浸泡,捞出,润透切片,晒干;
(6)木瓜:清水洗净,稍浸泡,闷润至透,置蒸笼内蒸熟,乘热切片,日晒夜露,以由红转紫黑色为止;
(7)老蜗生:全草入药,拣净杂质,晒干;
(8)薏苡仁:取原药材,除去残留皮壳、杂质;
(9)桑枝:拣去杂质,洗净,用水浸泡,润透后,切段,晒干;
(10)蚯蚓:拣去杂质,用水漂净,及时捞出,晒干,切段;
(11)骨碎补:去净泥砂杂质,洗净,稍浸泡,润透,切片,晒干;
(12)三七:拣净杂质,捣碎,研末或润透后切片晒干;
(13)草乌头:取净草乌,用凉水浸漂,每日换水2-3次,至口尝仅稍留麻辣感时取出,同甘草、黑豆加水共煮,以草乌熟透、内无白心为度,然后除去甘草及黑豆,晒至六成干,闷润后切片,晒干,每草乌100斤,用甘草5斤,黑豆10斤;
(14)细辛:除净杂质,用水喷润,及时切段,晒干;
(15)麻黄:拣去杂质,去尽木质茎及残根,用水洗净,微润后切段,干燥即得;
(16)玳瑁:刷净,用温水浸软后,切成细丝;
(17)肉苁蓉:拣净杂质,清水浸泡,每天换水1—2次,如系咸苁蓉,泡尽盐分,润透,纵向切片,晒干;
(18)白术:拣净杂质,用水浸泡,泡后捞出,润透,切片,晒干;
(19)金钱白花蛇:取原药材,除去竹签及头,用时切段;
(20)当归:拣去杂质,洗净,闷润,稍晾,切片晒干;
(21)甘草:拣去杂质,洗净,用水浸泡至八成透时,捞出,润透,切片,凉干;
(22)陈皮:取原药材,除去杂质及变黑的果皮,抢水洗净,润软,切丝,晒干或低温干燥,筛去灰屑;
(23)羌活:拣去杂质,洗净,润透,切片,晾干;
(24)枸杞子:簸净杂质,摘去残留的梗和蒂;
(25)黑大豆:拣净杂质,晒干;
(26)赤芍:取原药材,除去杂质,大小分档,洗净,润透,切薄片,干燥,筛去碎屑;
(27)青风藤:秋冬采老藤,切段,晒干;
(28)苏木:取原药材,锯成短段,再劈成碎片或镑片;
(29)杜仲:除去粗皮,洗净,润透,切成方块或丝条,晒干;
(30)狗脊:取沙子置锅内炒至轻松,加入拣净的狗脊,用武火炒至鼓起并显深黄色,取出,筛除沙子,风晾后,撞去或刮净黄绒毛;
(二)制备
(1)将所述重量的川芎、红花、肉桂、独活、防风、木瓜、老蜗生、薏苡仁、桑枝、蚯蚓、骨碎补、三七、草乌头、细辛、麻黄、玳瑁、肉苁蓉、白术、金钱白花蛇、当归、甘草、陈皮、羌活、枸杞子、黑大豆、赤芍、青风藤、苏木、杜仲、狗脊放入煎药容器内,加水8倍量,浸泡100分钟后,武火煎煮沸腾,再用文火煎煮20分钟,过滤得第一次煎煮液,将第一次煎煮液倒入容器内;
(2)将过滤的药渣加水6倍量,武火煮沸,再用文火煎煮20分钟,过滤得第二次煎煮液;
(3)将两次煎煮液混合搅拌均匀即得,分为4剂服用。
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