CN105383766B - 一种自带应力片的塑料物流托盘 - Google Patents

一种自带应力片的塑料物流托盘 Download PDF

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CN105383766B
CN105383766B CN201510874108.8A CN201510874108A CN105383766B CN 105383766 B CN105383766 B CN 105383766B CN 201510874108 A CN201510874108 A CN 201510874108A CN 105383766 B CN105383766 B CN 105383766B
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logistics tray
plastics
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strain gauge
stress
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CN105383766A (zh
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朱安定
陈震岳
孟实
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Zhejiang Gongshang University
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D19/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D19/0004—Rigid pallets without side walls
    • B65D19/0006—Rigid pallets without side walls the load supporting surface being made of a single element
    • B65D19/0008—Rigid pallets without side walls the load supporting surface being made of a single element forming a continuous plane contact surface
    • B65D19/001—Rigid pallets without side walls the load supporting surface being made of a single element forming a continuous plane contact surface the base surface being made of a single element
    • B65D19/0012—Rigid pallets without side walls the load supporting surface being made of a single element forming a continuous plane contact surface the base surface being made of a single element forming a continuous plane contact surface
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D19/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D19/38—Details or accessories
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
    • G01L1/20—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress
    • G01L1/22—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress using resistance strain gauges
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00009—Materials
    • B65D2519/00014—Materials for the load supporting surface
    • B65D2519/00034—Plastic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00258—Overall construction
    • B65D2519/00283—Overall construction of the load supporting surface
    • B65D2519/00288—Overall construction of the load supporting surface made of one piece

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Pallets (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种自带应力片的塑料物流托盘，塑料物流托盘结构为双进双叉结构，一侧为川字形侧面，另一垂直侧为日字形侧面，呈对称结构，八个应力片分别嵌入塑料物流托盘顶面的八个叉臂受力梁，位置分别在八个叉臂插入的插槽或者插孔的正上方，其嵌入结构包括：应力传感器、塑料保护层、强力胶层和两片金属电极；塑料物流托盘的负载形变引起叉臂受力梁形变，由应力传感器感应后改变其电阻阻值，通过两片金属电极采集形变量，自带应力片结构在塑料物流托盘日常应力检测中减少安装应力传感器、校准传感器精度的复杂过程，简化检测过程，提高检测速度和效率，对塑料物流托盘机械特征无影响，增加成本少，可靠性高，具有广泛的应用前景。

Description

一种自带应力片的塑料物流托盘
技术领域
本发明涉及一种自带应力片的塑料物流托盘，尤其涉及在塑料托盘力学关键部位嵌入应力片的塑料物流托盘，属于物流设备技术领域。
背景技术
随着我国仓储物流行业的迅猛发展，塑料物流托盘以其结构多样、经久耐用、抗蚀抗压、装卸灵活、重复利用、节能环保等优点在物流行业得到越来越多的应用。
目前，塑料物流托盘的结构有九脚托盘、川字托盘、田字托盘，广泛应用于造纸行业，报业印刷、制药、食品等行业，载重量根据结构的不同而不同。重型塑料物流托盘主要应用于重型货物的运输，具有良好的载重性能，主要使用于机械叉车，相对木制物流托盘具有更高的载重量，表面光滑，不易划伤产品，不生锈，耐腐蚀等；
轻型塑料物流托盘主要应用于仓储垫仓使用，该类物流托盘的优点是可以套叠，在闲置不用时可以有效节约空间，运输时有效节约运输成本，适用于一些载重量较轻货物；轻型物流托盘属于九脚托盘，大多为平地使用，如遇坑洼不平的地面造成托盘的受力不均匀，严重的将造成塑料物流托盘损坏。
塑料物流托盘在日常使用过程中逐渐造成包括结构破损、表面缺损等损耗，虽然塑料物流托盘在出厂交付使用时都通过质量抽检，但是由于日常使用的频率、强度、作业规范程度的不同，破损程度各不相同，对于在用塑料物流托盘的检测，以确定是否留用，目前尚无统一检测标准，还只停留在人工判断、使用年限淘汰的方法，主观性强，误差大，不利于塑料托盘的科学管理。
在用塑料物流托盘检测的自动化检测有：公开号为CN104535576A的中国发明专利《一种顺光光源塑料托盘检损装置及方法》，公开了采用机器视觉技术手段自动识别塑料托盘的破损情况，以作为决策是否淘汰的量化依据；
但是机器视觉技术是通过非接触手段测量塑料物流托盘的结构破损，但是塑料物流托盘的深层结构破损和应力变化无法通过机器视觉技术检测。通过外界压力检测塑料物流托盘关键点的形变情况，可以检测塑料物流托盘的老化程度和破损程度，但是在日常检测过程中，塑料物流托盘应力检测需要安装应力传感器，检测过程较复杂，操作定位需要保证一定的精度，从而导致检测效率降低，为了提高塑料物流托盘的应力检测效率，在其关键应力点上嵌入应力片，检测时只要外接电极即可完成测量，大大提高了检测效率。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种自带应力片的塑料物流托盘，塑料物流托盘结构为双进双叉结构，一侧为川字形侧面，在塑料物流托盘底部有两条插槽，是叉车作业时叉臂插入的位置，且两条插槽贯穿塑料物流托盘底部，呈对称结构，叉车叉臂可从任一川字形侧面插入；
另一垂直侧为日字形侧面，在塑料物流托盘底部有两个插孔，是全自动穿梭机作业时叉臂插入的位置，且两个插孔贯穿塑料物流托盘，呈对称结构，全自动穿梭机叉臂可从任一日字形侧面插入；
八个应力片分别嵌入塑料物流托盘顶面的八个叉臂受力梁，位置分别在八个叉臂插入的插槽或者插孔的正上方，其嵌入结构包括：应力传感器、塑料保护层、强力胶层和两片金属电极；
其中应力传感器为电阻式压电片，其电阻阻值随着形变而发生变化；两片金属电极分别电连接在应力传感器的两侧，两片金属电极裸露在塑料物流托盘的顶面，为外接测量电路的接入点；塑料保护层覆盖在应力传感器上表面，起到保护和固定作用，塑料保护层和塑料物流托盘的顶面塑料结构为一体化结构，增强了机械强度；强力胶层将应力传感器和两片金属电极粘在塑料物流托盘的叉臂受力梁上。
综上所述，本发明显著的技术效果在于：塑料物流托盘的负载形变引起叉臂受力梁形变，由应力传感器感应后改变其电阻阻值，通过两片金属电极采集形变量，自带应力片结构在塑料物流托盘日常应力检测中减少安装应力传感器，校准传感器精度的复杂过程，简化检测过程，提高检测速度和效率，对塑料物流托盘机械特征无影响，增加成本少，可靠性高，具有广泛的应用前景。
附图说明
图1是本发明一种自带应力片的塑料物流托盘的结构图。
具体实施方式
参考附图，下面对本发明进行详细描述。
如图1所示，本发明一种自带应力片的塑料物流托盘的结构图，塑料物流托盘100为双进双叉结构，从川字形侧面101方向在塑料物流托盘100底部有两条插槽103，是叉车作业时叉臂插入的位置，且两条插槽103贯穿塑料物流托盘100底部，呈对称结构，叉车叉臂可从任一川字形侧面101插入；
从日字形侧面102方向在塑料物流托盘100底部有两条插孔104，是全自动穿梭机作业时叉臂插入的位置，且两个插孔104贯穿塑料物流托盘100，呈对称结构，全自动穿梭机叉臂可从任一日字形侧面102插入；
八个应力片105分别嵌入塑料物流托盘100顶面的八个叉臂受力梁106，位置分别在八个叉臂插入的插槽103或者插孔104的正上方，其嵌入结构包括：应力传感器108、塑料保护层109、强力胶层110和两片金属电极107；
其中应力传感器108为电阻式压电片，其电阻阻值随着形变而发生变化；两片金属电极107分别电连接在应力传感器108的两侧，两片金属电极107裸露在塑料物流托盘100的顶面，为外接测量电路的接入点；塑料保护层109覆盖在应力传感器108上表面，起到保护和固定作用，塑料保护层109和塑料物流托盘100的顶面塑料结构为一体化结构，增强了机械强度；强力胶层110将应力传感器108和两片金属电极107粘在塑料物流托盘100的叉臂受力梁106上；
塑料物流托盘100的负载形变引起叉臂受力梁106形变，由应力传感器108感应后改变其电阻阻值，通过两片金属电极107采集形变量，简化检测过程，提高塑料物流托盘的应力检测效率。
上述具体实施方式用来解释说明本发明，而不是对本发明进行限制，在本发明的精神和权利要求的保护范围内，对本发明做出的任何修改和改变，都落入本发明的保护范围。

Claims (1)

1.一种自带应力片的塑料物流托盘，为双进双叉结构，从川字形侧面(101)方向在塑料物流托盘(100)底部有两条插槽(103)，是叉车作业时叉臂插入的位置，且两条插槽(103)贯穿塑料物流托盘(100)底部，呈对称结构，叉车叉臂可从任一川字形侧面(101)插入；从日字形侧面(102)方向在塑料物流托盘(100)底部有两条插孔(104)，是全自动穿梭机作业时叉臂插入的位置，且两个插孔(104)贯穿塑料物流托盘(100)，呈对称结构，全自动穿梭机叉臂可从任一日字形侧面(102)插入；其特征在于：
八个应力片(105)分别嵌入塑料物流托盘(100)顶面的八个叉臂受力梁(106)，位置分别在八个叉臂插入的插槽(103)或者插孔(104)的正上方，其嵌入结构包括：应力传感器(108)、塑料保护层(109)、强力胶层(110)和两片金属电极(107)；
所述应力传感器(108)为电阻式压电片，其电阻阻值随着形变而发生变化；
所述两片金属电极(107)分别电连接在应力传感器(108)的两侧，两片金属电极(107)裸露在塑料物流托盘(100)的顶面，为外接测量电路的接入点；
所述塑料保护层(109)覆盖在应力传感器(108)上表面，起到保护和固定作用，塑料保护层(109)和塑料物流托盘(100)的顶面塑料结构为一体化结构，增强了机械强度；
所述强力胶层(110)将应力传感器(108)和两片金属电极(107)粘在塑料物流托盘(100)的叉臂受力梁(106)上；
塑料物流托盘(100)的负载形变引起叉臂受力梁(106)形变，由应力传感器(108)感应后改变其电阻阻值，通过两片金属电极(107)采集形变量，简化检测过程，提高塑料物流托盘的应力检测效率。
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