CN105381317A - 一种治疗头痛的药物及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种治疗头痛的药物及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN105381317A
CN105381317A CN201510984670.6A CN201510984670A CN105381317A CN 105381317 A CN105381317 A CN 105381317A CN 201510984670 A CN201510984670 A CN 201510984670A CN 105381317 A CN105381317 A CN 105381317A
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fructus
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rhizoma
impurity
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张永红
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种治疗头痛的药物及其制备方法,其主要是由连翘、金银花、白芷、山楂、大青叶、栀子、生地黄、黄精、五味子、荷叶、当归、川芎、黄连、菊花、瓜蒌、蝉蜕、益母草、夏枯草、枸杞子、吴茱萸、蔓荆子、延胡索、桑叶、大枣、苍耳子、僵蚕、白茅根、荆芥、薄荷按一定重量配比制备而成。本发明药物具有活血止痛,补中益气,行气开郁,补脾和胃,益气生津,安神的功能,用于治疗头痛见效快、疗效好,不复发。

Description

一种治疗头痛的药物及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种治疗头痛的药物及其制备方法,属中药领域。
背景技术
头痛是一种局限于头颅上半部,包括眉弓、耳轮上缘和枕外隆突连线以上部位的疼痛。中医则认为头痛与风邪外袭,肝阳偏亢,肾气虚弱,脉络不畅,脾失健运,血虚有关。由于西药治疗副作用大,因此人们对有效治疗头痛的中药药物存在极大的需求,至今为止,还没有发现关于本发明的有关报道。
发明内容
本发明人依据中医理论的研究和临床试验的反复验证,终于找到了有效治疗头痛的药物,从而完成了本发明。
本发明的目的就是提供一种有效治疗头痛的中药组合药物。
本发明的另一目的就是提供了该中药组合药物的制备方法。
本发明药物是选择连翘、金银花、白芷、山楂、大青叶、栀子、生地黄、黄精、五味子、荷叶、当归、川芎、黄连、菊花、瓜蒌、蝉蜕、益母草、夏枯草、枸杞子、吴茱萸、蔓荆子、延胡索、桑叶、大枣、苍耳子、僵蚕、白茅根、荆芥、薄荷、人参、茶叶、蚕沙药物进行组合制备的,将这些药物组合使得各药物功效产生协同作用,从而能够有效治疗头痛。其中,选用连翘是因为其性味苦,凉,入心、肝、胆经,有清热,解毒,散结,消肿的功能,治温热,丹毒,斑疹,痈疡肿毒,瘰疬,小便淋闭。选用金银花是因为其性味甘,寒,入肺、胃经,有清热,解毒的功能,治温病发热,热毒血痢,痈疡,肿毒,瘰疬,痔漏。选用白芷是因为其性味辛,温,入肺、脾、胃经,有祛风,燥湿,消肿,止痛的功能,治头痛,眉棱骨痛,齿痛,鼻渊,寒湿腹痛,肠风痔漏,赤白带下,痈疽疮疡,皮肤燥痒,疥癣。选用山楂是因为其性味酸甘,微温,入脾、胃、肝经,有消食积,散瘀血,驱绦虫的功能,治肉积,癥瘕,痰饮,痞满,吞酸,泻痢,肠风,腰痛,疝气,产后儿枕痛,恶露不尽,小儿乳食停滞。选用大青叶是因为其性味苦,寒,入肝、心、胃经,有清热,解毒,凉血,止血的功能,治温病热盛烦渴,流行性感冒,急性传染性肝炎,菌痢,急性胃肠炎,急性肺炎,丹毒,吐血,衄血,黄疸,痢疾,喉痹,口疮,痈疽肿毒。选用栀子是因为其性味苦,寒,入心、肝、肺、胃经,有清热,泻火,凉血的功能,治热病虚烦不眠,黄疸,淋病,消渴,目赤,咽痛,吐血,衄血,血痢,尿血,热毒疮疡,扭伤肿痛。选用生地黄是因为其性味甘,寒,归心、肝、肾经,有清热凉血,养阴,生津的功能,治热病烦渴,阴虚内热,骨蒸劳热,内热消渴,吐血,衄血,发斑发疹。选用黄精是因为其性味甘平,入脾、肺、肾经,有补中益气,润心肺,强筋骨的功能,治虚损寒热,肺痨咳血,病后体虚食少,筋骨软弱,风湿疼痛,风癞癣疾。选用五味子是因为其性味酸,温,入肺、肾经,有敛肺,滋肾,生津,收汗,涩精的功能,治肺虚喘咳,口干作渴,自汗,盗汗,劳伤羸瘦,梦遗滑精,久泻久痢。选用荷叶是因为其性味苦涩,平,入心、肝、脾经,有清暑利湿,升发清阳,止血的功能,治暑湿泄泻、眩晕,水气浮肿,雷头风,吐血,衄血,崩漏,便血,产后血晕。选用当归是因为其性味甘辛,温,入心、肝、脾经,有补血和血,调经止痛,润燥滑肠的功能,治月经不调,经闭腹痛,癥瘕结聚,崩漏,血虚头痛,眩晕,痿痹,肠燥难便,赤痢后重,痈疽疮疡,金疮,跌扑损伤。选用川芎是因为其性味辛,温,入肝、胆经,有行气开郁,祛风燥湿,活血止痛的功能,治风冷头痛旋晕,胁痛腹疼,寒痹筋挛,经闭,难产,产后瘀阻块痛,痈疽疮疡。选用黄连是因为其性味苦,寒,入心、肝、胃、大肠经,有泻火,燥湿,解毒,杀虫的功能,治时行热毒、伤寒,热盛心烦,痞满呕逆,菌痢,热泻腹痛,肺结核,吐、衄、下血,消渴,疳积,蛔虫病,百日咳,咽喉肿痛,火眼,口疮,痈疽疮毒,湿疹,汤火烫伤。选用野菊花是因为其性味苦辛,凉,入肺、肝经,有疏风清热,消肿解毒的功能,治风热感冒,肺炎,白喉,胃肠炎,高血压,疔,痈,口疮,丹毒,湿疹,天泡疮。选用瓜蒌是因为其性味甘、微苦,寒,归肺、胃、大肠经,有清热涤痰,宽胸散结,润燥滑肠的功能,治肺热咳嗽,痰浊黄稠,胸痹心痛,结胸痞满,乳痈,肠痈,大便秘结。选用蝉蜕是因为其性味甘咸,凉,入肺、肝经,有散风热,宣肺,定痉的功能,治外感风热,咳嗽音哑,麻疹透发不畅,风疹瘙痒,小儿惊癎,目赤,翳障,疔疮肿毒,破伤风。选用益母草是因为其性味辛苦,凉,入心包、肝经,有活血,祛瘀,调经,消水的功能,治月经不调,治漏难产,胞衣不下,产后血晕,瘀血腹痛,崩中漏下,尿血,泻血,痈肿疮疡。选用夏枯草是因为其性味苦辛,寒,入肝、胆经,有清肝,散结的功能,治瘰疬,瘿瘤,乳痈,乳癌,目珠夜痛,羞明流泪,头目眩晕,口眼歪斜,筋骨疼痛,肺结核,急性黄疸型传染性肝炎,血崩,带下。选用枸杞子是因为其性味甘,平,有滋肾,润肺,补肝,明目的功能,治肝肾阴亏,腰膝酸软,头晕目眩,目昏多泪,虚劳咳嗽,消渴,遗精。选用吴茱萸是因为其性味辛苦,温,有毒,入肝、胃经,有温中,止痛,理气,燥湿的功能,治呕逆吞酸,厥阴头痛,脏寒吐泻,脘腹胀痛,脚气,疝气,口疮溃疡,齿痛,湿疹,黄水疮。选用蔓荆子是因为其性味苦辛,凉,入肝、胃,膀胱经,有疏散风热,清利头目的功能,治风热感冒,正、偏头痛,齿痛,目睛内痛。选用延胡索是因为其性味辛苦,温,入肝、胃经,有活血,散瘀,理气,止痛的功能,治心腹腰膝诸痛,月经不调,癥瘕,崩中,产后血晕,恶露不尽,跌打损伤。选用桑叶是因为其性味苦甘,寒,入肺、肝经,有祛风清热,凉血明目的功能,治风湿发热,头痛,目赤,口渴,肺热咳嗽,风痹,瘾疹,下肢象皮肿。选用大枣是因为其性味甘,温,入脾、胃经,有补脾和胃,益气生津,调营卫,解药毒的功能,治胃虚食少,脾弱便溏,气血津液不足,营卫不和,心悸怔忡,妇人脏躁。选用苍耳子是因为其性味甘,温,有毒,入肺、肝经,有散风,止痛,祛湿,杀虫的功能,治风寒头痛,鼻渊,齿痛,风寒湿痹,四脚挛痛,疥癞,瘙痒。选用僵蚕是因为其性味辛、咸,平。归肝,肺经。祛风解痉,化痰散结。用于中风口眼歪斜,惊痫抽搐,头赐,喉痹,瘰疠结核,风疹丹毒。选用白茅根是因为其性味甘、寒,入肺、胃、小肠经,有凉血,止血,清热,利尿的功能,治热病烦渴,吐血,衄血,肺热喘急,胃热哕逆,淋病,小便不利,水肿,黄疸。选用荆芥是因为其性味辛,温,入肺、肝经,有发表,祛风,理血的功能,炒炭止血,治感冒发热,头痛,咽喉肿痛,中风口噤,吐血,衄血,便血,崩漏,产后血晕,痈肿,疮疥,瘰疬。选用薄荷是因为其性味辛,凉,入肺、肝经,有疏风,散热,辟秽,解毒的功能,治外感风热,头痛,目赤,咽喉肿痛,食滞气胀,口疮,牙痛,疮疥,瘾疹。选用人参是因为其性味甘微甘,温,入脾、肺经,有大补元气,固脱生津,安神的功能,治劳伤虚损,食少,倦怠,反胃吐食,大便滑泄,虚咳喘促,自汗暴脱,惊悸,健忘,眩晕头痛,阳萎,尿频,消渴,妇女崩漏,小儿慢惊及久虚不复,一切气血津液不足之症。选用茶叶是因为其性味苦甘,凉,归心肺胃经,有化痰,消食,利尿解毒的功能,治头痛目昏,食积痰滞,疟,痢。选用蚕沙是因为其性味甘、辛、温,归肝、脾经,有祛风除湿,活血定痛的功能,治风湿痹痛,关节不遂,腰脚冷痛,风疹瘙痒,头风头痛,烂弦风眼。
具体实施方式
本发明组分的药物用量也是发明人经过大量摸索总结得出的,各组分的用量在下述重量范围内都具有较好的疗效:
连翘10-15克,金银花10-20克,白芷5-15克,山楂10-20克,大青叶10-20克,栀子5-15克,生地黄10-20克,黄精5-15克,五味子5-15克,荷叶10-15克,当归10-20克,川芎10-20克,黄连5-10克,菊花10-20克,瓜蒌15-20克,蝉蜕5-15克,益母草10-20克,夏枯草10-20克,枸杞子10-20克,吴茱萸3-9克,蔓荆子5-15克,延胡索5-15克,桑叶5-15克,大枣10-20克,苍耳子10-20克,僵蚕5-15克,白茅根10-15克,荆芥10-20克,薄荷5-10克,人参5-15克,茶叶5-15克,蚕沙5-15克。
优选为:
连翘12克,金银花15克,白芷10克,山楂15克,大青叶15克,栀子10克,生地黄15克,黄精10克,五味子10克,荷叶12克,当归15克,川芎15克,黄连8克,菊花15克,瓜蒌20克,蝉蜕10克,益母草15克,夏枯草15克,枸杞子15克,吴茱萸6克,蔓荆子10克,延胡索10克,桑叶10克,大枣15克,苍耳子15克,僵蚕10克,白茅根12克,荆芥15克,薄荷8克,人参10克,茶叶10克,蚕沙10克。
本发明药物的制备方法如下
一、备料
1、连翘:拣净杂质,搓开,除去枝梗;
2、金银花:筛去泥沙,拣净杂质;
3、白芷:拣净杂质,用水洗净,浸泡,捞出润透,略晒至外皮无滑腻感时,再闷润后,切片干燥;
4、山楂:拣净杂质,筛去核;
5、大青叶:拣去杂质及枯叶,洗净,稍润,切段,晒干;
6、栀子:筛去灰屑,拣去杂质,碾碎过筛或剪去两端;
7、生地黄:取原药材,除去杂质,洗净,稍润,切厚片,干燥,筛去碎屑;
8、黄精:洗净泥土,略润,切片,晒干;
9、五味子:筛去灰屑,除去杂质,置蒸笼内蒸透,取出晒干;
10、荷叶:以水洗净,剪去蒂与边缘,切丝,晒干;
11、当归:拣去杂质,洗净,闷润,稍晾,切片晒干;
12、川芎:拣去杂质,分开大、小个,用水浸泡,晒晾,闷润后切片,干燥;
13、黄连:拣去杂质,洗净泥砂,润透,切片,阴干;
14、菊花:拣净叶梗、花柄及泥屑杂质;
15、瓜蒌:取原药材,除去杂质及果柄,洗净,压扁,切丝或小块,干燥;
16、蝉蜕:拣去杂质,洗净晒干;
17、益母草:拣去杂质,洗净,润透,切段,晒干;
18、夏枯草:取原药材,除去枝梗、叶片及杂质,筛去灰屑;
19、枸杞子:簸净杂质,摘去残留的梗和蒂;
20、吴茱萸:取原药材,除去果柄、枝及杂质,筛去碎屑;
21、蔓荆子:筛净灰屑,除去残存萼片,置锅内用武火炒至焦黄色,略喷清水,放凉;
22、延胡索:拣去杂质,用水浸泡,洗净,晒晾,润至内外湿度均匀,切片或打碎;
23、桑叶:拣去杂质,搓碎,簸去梗,筛去泥屑;
24、大枣:拣净杂质,晒干;
25、苍耳子:拣尽杂质,去刺,筛去灰屑,微炒至黄色,取出放凉;
26、僵蚕:取原药材,除去残丝,杂质;
27、白茅根:拣净杂质,洗净,微润,切段,晒干,簸净碎屑;
28、荆芥:拣净杂质,用水略泡,捞出切段,晒干;
29、薄荷:拣净杂质,除去残根,先将叶抖下另放,然后将茎喷洒清水,润透后切段,晒干,再与叶和匀;
30、人参:除去芦头,切段;
31、茶叶:鲜叶采集后,经过杀青,揉捻,干燥制成绿茶;
32、蚕沙:除去杂质,筛去灰屑;
二、制备
1、将炮制好的连翘、金银花、白芷、山楂、大青叶、栀子、生地黄、黄精、五味子、荷叶、当归、川芎、黄连、菊花、瓜蒌、蝉蜕、益母草、夏枯草、枸杞子、吴茱萸、蔓荆子、延胡索、桑叶、大枣、苍耳子、僵蚕、白茅根、荆芥、薄荷、人参、茶叶、蚕沙放入煎药容器内,第一次加水8倍量,浸泡100分钟后,武火煎煮沸腾,再用文火煎煮20分钟,过滤得第一次煎煮液,将第一次煎煮液倒入容器内;
2、将过滤的药渣加6倍量,武火煮沸,再用文火煎煮20分钟,过滤得第二次煎煮液;
3、将两次煎煮液混合搅拌均匀,分为4剂服用。
组方中川芎有行气开郁,祛风燥湿,活血止痛的功能为君药;黄精补中益气,润心肺;人参有大补元气,固脱生津,安神的功能,二者为臣药,三味药共同发挥行气开郁,祛风燥湿,活血止痛,补中益气,润心肺的作用,治疗头痛效力全面,且以行气开郁,活血止痛,补中益气,为主可治本,大枣有补脾和胃,益气生津,调营卫的功能为佐药,荆芥有发表,祛风,理血的功能为使药,与余下诸药是治标。
本发明药物具有活血止痛,补中益气,行气开郁,补脾和胃,益气生津,安神的功能,用于治疗头痛,疗程短、见效快、治愈后不复发。
以下通过试验例来进一步阐述本发明所述药物的有益效果,这些试验例包括本发明药物的动物毒性试验报告和临床疗效观察资料。
[试验例1]本发明药物的动物毒性试验报告:
取家兔30只,雌雄兼用,体重2.0—2.5kg,分两组,每组15只,其中一组为超剂量试验组,另一组为正常量试验组。服用药液超常量组为20ml/kg,正常量为10ml/kg,给药方式为灌胃法给药,每天两次,连服7天,每天观察给药反应,结果表明二组家兔活动、饮食正常,药物无不良毒副作用。
[试验例2]本发明药物的临床疗效观察
1、一般资料
收治头痛门诊患者共31例。
2、诊断标准
疼痛形式多种多样,常见胀痛、闷痛、撕裂样痛、电击样疼痛、针刺样痛,部分伴有血管搏动感及头部紧箍感,以及恶心、呕吐、头晕等症状。
3、治疗方法
选用上述药剂,给患者服用,每次服用1剂,每天早、晚各服1次,5天为一个疗程,连续服用2个疗程。
4、疗效评定标准
显效:头痛症状消失,体质恢复正常,痊愈;
好转:患者恶心呕吐,头晕及头部胀痛,闷痛等疼痛症状减轻,头痛症状明显好转,体质逐步恢复;
无效:达不到好转标准者。
5、治疗结果(见下表)
在上述治疗中,用本发明药物治疗头痛患者31例,结果显效26例,显效率为83.87%,好转3例,好转率为9.67%,无效2例,总有效率为93.54%。

Claims (3)

1.一种治疗头痛的药物,其特征在于:它是由下列重量范围内的原料药制成:
连翘10-15克,金银花10-20克,白芷5-15克,山楂10-20克,大青叶10-20克,栀子5-15克,生地黄10-20克,黄精5-15克,五味子5-15克,荷叶10-15克,当归10-20克,川芎10-20克,黄连5-10克,菊花10-20克,瓜蒌15-20克,蝉蜕5-15克,益母草10-20克,夏枯草10-20克,枸杞子10-20克,吴茱萸3-9克,蔓荆子5-15克,延胡索5-15克,桑叶5-15克,大枣10-20克,苍耳子10-20克,僵蚕5-15克,白茅根10-15克,荆芥10-20克,薄荷5-10克,人参5-15克,茶叶5-15克,蚕沙5-15克。
2.根据权利要求1所述的药物,其中各原料药的用量为:
连翘12克,金银花15克,白芷10克,山楂15克,大青叶15克,栀子10克,生地黄15克,黄精10克,五味子10克,荷叶12克,当归15克,川芎15克,黄连8克,菊花15克,瓜蒌20克,蝉蜕10克,益母草15克,夏枯草15克,枸杞子15克,吴茱萸6克,蔓荆子10克,延胡索10克,桑叶10克,大枣15克,苍耳子15克,僵蚕10克,白茅根12克,荆芥15克,薄荷8克,人参10克,茶叶10克,蚕沙10克。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述药物的制备方法,它包括下列步骤:
(一)备料
(1)连翘:拣净杂质,搓开,除去枝梗;
(2)金银花:筛去泥沙,拣净杂质;
(3)白芷:拣净杂质,用水洗净,浸泡,捞出润透,略晒至外皮无滑腻感时,再闷润后,切片干燥;
(4)山楂:拣净杂质,筛去核;
(5)大青叶:拣去杂质及枯叶,洗净,稍润,切段,晒干;
(6)栀子:筛去灰屑,拣去杂质,碾碎过筛或剪去两端;
(7)生地黄:取原药材,除去杂质,洗净,稍润,切厚片,干燥,筛去碎屑;
(8)黄精:洗净泥土,略润,切片,晒干;
(9)五味子:筛去灰屑,除去杂质,置蒸笼内蒸透,取出晒干;
(10)荷叶:以水洗净,剪去蒂与边缘,切丝,晒干;
(11)当归:拣去杂质,洗净,闷润,稍晾,切片晒干;
(12)川芎:拣去杂质,分开大、小个,用水浸泡,晒晾,闷润后切片,干燥;
(13)黄连:拣去杂质,洗净泥砂,润透,切片,阴干;
(14)菊花:拣净叶梗、花柄及泥屑杂质;
(15)瓜蒌:取原药材,除去杂质及果柄,洗净,压扁,切丝或小块,干燥;
(16)蝉蜕:拣去杂质,洗净晒干;
(17)益母草:拣去杂质,洗净,润透,切段,晒干;
(18)夏枯草:取原药材,除去枝梗、叶片及杂质,筛去灰屑;
(19)枸杞子:簸净杂质,摘去残留的梗和蒂;
(20)吴茱萸:取原药材,除去果柄、枝及杂质,筛去碎屑;
(21)蔓荆子:筛净灰屑,除去残存萼片,置锅内用武火炒至焦黄色,略喷清水,放凉;
(22)延胡索:拣去杂质,用水浸泡,洗净,晒晾,润至内外湿度均匀,切片或打碎;
(23)桑叶:拣去杂质,搓碎,簸去梗,筛去泥屑;
(24)大枣:拣净杂质,晒干;
(25)苍耳子:拣尽杂质,去刺,筛去灰屑,微炒至黄色,取出放凉;
(26)僵蚕:取原药材,除去残丝,杂质;
(27)白茅根:拣净杂质,洗净,微润,切段,晒干,簸净碎屑;
(28)荆芥:拣净杂质,用水略泡,捞出切段,晒干;
(29)薄荷:拣净杂质,除去残根,先将叶抖下另放,然后将茎喷洒清水,润透后切段,晒干,再与叶和匀;
(30)人参:除去芦头,切段;
(31)茶叶:鲜叶采集后,经过杀青,揉捻,干燥制成绿茶;
(32)蚕沙:除去杂质,筛去灰屑;
(二)制备
(1)将炮制好的连翘、金银花、白芷、山楂、大青叶、栀子、生地黄、黄精、五味子、荷叶、当归、川芎、黄连、菊花、瓜蒌、蝉蜕、益母草、夏枯草、枸杞子、吴茱萸、蔓荆子、延胡索、桑叶、大枣、苍耳子、僵蚕、白茅根、荆芥、薄荷、人参、茶叶、蚕沙放入煎药容器内,加水8倍量,浸泡100分钟后,武火煎煮沸腾,再用文火煎煮20分钟,过滤得第一次煎煮液,将第一次煎煮液倒入容器内;
(2)将过滤的药渣加水6倍量,武火煮沸,再用文火煎煮20分钟,过滤得第二次煎煮液;
(3)将两次煎煮液混合搅拌均匀即得,分为4剂服用。
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