CN105378166B - Core-spun elastic composite yarn and woven fabric thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a core-spun elastic composite yarn, which comprises a fiber sheath composed of at least one short fiber, at least one elastic filament and at least one short fiber yarn. The at least one short fiber has a cotton yarn count of Ne 4 to Ne 60, the at least one elastic filament has a denier value of 20 to 140, and the at least one short fiber yarn is formed by natural and/or artificial short fibers with a cotton yarn count of Ne 8 to Ne 100.

Description

Core-spun elastic composite yarn and its woven fabric

technical field

The present invention relates to a corespun elastic composite yarn having a fiber sheath covering elastic performance filament and staple yarns. In particular, the present corespun yarns are woven into fabrics with excellent elasticity, recovery, hand characteristics and improved yarn splicing properties.

Background technique

Traditional stretch fabrics are usually made from corespun stretch yarns. This conventional filling and filling of corespun spandex results in high shrinkage and stretching of the fabric, which requires additional finishing processes such as heat setting. Generally, conventional stretch fabrics have defects such as limited elongation and growth, and the stability of the fabric width is affected.

An elastic bicomponent polyester filament has been disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 3,671,379, and disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 5,922,433, U.S. Patent No. Silk woven stretch fabric. However, these fabrics, woven from very few bicomponent polyester filaments, have a very synthetic feel and look. This fabric is therefore limited to use in wefts and denim. Moreover, piece dyeing of these woven stretch fabrics made of bicomponent polyester filaments must be performed in two separate dyeing processes, and the extensibility of the fabric is inevitably affected.

US Patent No. 7,310,932 discloses a fabric made from a corespun yarn comprising bicomponent polyester filaments covered by staple fibers. While the fabrics disclosed in US Patent No. 7,310,932 are associated with improved look and feel, such fabrics suffer from a show effect and limited extensibility.

Fabrics made from corespun yarns comprising at least one elastic-capable filament and at least one inelastic or elastic filament are disclosed in US Patent No. 7,299,828 B2 and US Patent No. 8,093,160. Woven fabrics made from this yarn have good extensibility and recovery, but the problems of exposed bottom effect, low joint strength and synthetic texture have not been solved.

Therefore, there is a need to develop a new corespun composite yarn that produces a desired stretch, good recovery, hand, reduced peeking and improved piecing properties.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a new type of core-spun elastic composite yarn. The improved core-spun elastic composite yarn has excellent extensibility, excellent recovery and better hand feeling characteristics, and the purpose of the present invention is to combine with existing composite yarns. Yarns by comparison solve the problem of peeking effects and low yarn splicing strengths that exist at the piecing location. This composite yarn is suitable for denim, piece dyed fabric, warp and weft. The corespun elastic composite yarns of the present invention comprise at least one elastically capable filament and at least one staple yarn. In one embodiment, the elastic performance filaments range from about 20D (denier) to about 140D. In another embodiment, the spun staple yarn has a cotton count (Ne) ranging from about 8 to about 100, preferably from about 20 to 60.

In another embodiment, the present invention also includes a fiber sheath forming a composite yarn having said at least one elastic-capable filament and at least one staple fiber yarn. The fiber sheath may be staple fibers such as cotton, polyester, nylon, rayon, wool, acrylic and combinations thereof. In general, there is no restriction on the type of staple fibers that can be used in the present invention as long as the characteristics of the present invention are not affected. In yet another embodiment, the fiber sheath ranges from about 4Ne to about 60Ne in Cotton Cotton Count. In another embodiment, the fiber sheath ranges from Ne7 to Ne40.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a textile fabric woven from the core-spun elastic composite yarn of the present invention. In a specific embodiment, the textile fabric is denim fabric.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a side view of a process and apparatus for making corespun elastic composite yarns according to one embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a front view of a process and apparatus for making corespun elastic composite yarns according to one embodiment of the invention;

Figure 3 is a side view of a process and apparatus for making corespun elastic composite yarns according to another embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 4 is a front view of a process and apparatus for making corespun elastic composite yarns according to another embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 5 is a side view of a process and apparatus for making a corespun elastic composite yarn according to a third embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 6 is a side view of a process and apparatus for making a corespun elastic composite yarn according to a third embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 7 shows the splicing position of an elastic yarn with one elastic performance filament and one non-elastic polyester filament (Figure 7a), and the splicing of an elastic yarn with one elastic performance filament and a staple fiber yarn position (Fig. 7b);

Figure 8 is a graph showing the physical properties of textile fabrics woven from three exemplary embodiments of the present invention.

definition:

"Warp" refers to the threads in the warp direction of a woven fabric.

"Weft" or "weft" refers to the threads in the transverse direction when weaving a fabric.

"Spandex" refers to a man-made fiber of good elasticity in which the fiber-forming substance is a long-chain synthetic polymer composed of at least 85% segmented polyurethane.

"Filament" refers to a fibrous body of infinite length.

"Fiber" refers to fibrous threads of finite length, such as staple fibers.

"Yarn" means a product of considerable length and relatively small cross-section composed of fibers and/or filaments, with or without twist.

"Sliver" refers to an aggregate in continuous form without twisting.

"Roving" is the designation, singly or collectively, for a relatively fine fibrous thread used in the later or final stages of preparation for spinning.

"Spinning" refers to drawing and, where appropriate, inserting twists in natural or man-made staple fibers to form yarns.

"Core yarn" refers to a yarn composed of many component yarns, one or more of which are constrained to be permanently located on the central axis of a composite yarn, while the remaining yarns serve as covering yarns.

"Spun yarn" refers to a yarn composed of staple fibers held together, usually by twisting.

"Core spun yarn" refers to a yarn composed of yarn surrounded by staple fibers. Such yarns have the strength and/or extensibility of the centerline while exhibiting most of the other characteristics of the surface staple.

"Draw ratio" or "draft" is the ratio of the length of the strand fiber bundle from the fiber bundle to be fed package to the spinning machine to the length of the fiber bundle conveyed from the spinning machine. Thus, a draft ratio greater than 1.0 is a measure of the reduction in volume and weight of the strand fiber bundle.

"Elastic recovery" refers to the instantaneous change in extension experienced by a textile during a loading cycle when an applied tension is removed after being held at a defined extension for a defined time.

Definitions of the above terms and any other technical terms used herein are easily understood by those of ordinary skill in the field of textiles and are defined in "Textile Terms and Definitions (Ninth Edition)" (Textile Terms and Definitions (Ninth Edition)) published by the British Textile Research Institute. Definitions (9th Edition)), the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

Detailed ways

Reference is made in detail in the presently preferred embodiments of the invention to explain the principles of the invention. Embodiments or examples disclosed herein have been described in detail to enable those skilled in the art to practice the invention, and it is to be understood that other embodiments may be utilized and may be utilized without departing from the invention. Make modifications in the spirit of the case.

The core-spun elastic composite yarn includes at least one elastic performance filament, at least one staple fiber yarn and a fiber sheath composed of a plurality of staple fibers. The fiber sheath may independently surround the at least one elastic performance filament and the at least one staple fiber yarn. In another embodiment, the at least one elastic performance filament and the at least one staple fiber yarn are first twisted together to form a centerline and then the fiber sheath surrounds said centerline.

Any commercially available elastic performance filament can be used in the present composite yarn. In one embodiment, the elastic performance filaments are made of spandex or lastol polymer. Other elastic performance filaments include, but are not limited to, ethylene alpha-olefin copolymers. U.S. Patent Nos. 5,272,236, 5,278,272, 5,322,728, 5,380,810, 5,472,775, 5,645,542, 6,140,442 and 6,225,243 disclose various examples of elastic performance filaments that can be applied to the present invention, The disclosure content thereof is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. The elastic performance filaments of the present invention typically have a denier of 40 to 140 and represent 1% to 40% of the total weight of the composite yarn. In another embodiment, the draft of the elastic performance filaments generally ranges from 1.5 to 5.0.

The staple yarns of the present composite yarns can be made from any material known to those skilled in the art. Examples of staple yarns suitable for use in the present invention include, but are not limited to, natural, regenerated, synthetic, dyed, and non-dyed fibers. The present staple yarn can be s-twisted or z-twisted. In one embodiment, the staple yarn has a Cotton Count of Ne 8 to Ne 100. In another embodiment, the imperial cotton yarn count is Ne 20 to Ne 60. In another embodiment, the present staple yarn is about 4% to 50% of the total weight of the present composite yarn. In another embodiment, the spun yarn has a draft of 1.0 to 1.3.

The fiber sheath consists of a relatively high density of randomly oriented random synthetic staple fibers (eg, polyamide, polyester, etc.) or natural staple fibers. Other examples include, but are not limited to, cotton, viscose rayon, polyester, wool, acrylic, or combinations thereof. In particular, the fiber sheath may be ring spun from a roving of staple fibers and formed into dispersed messy staple fibers. The length of the staple fibers is not critical. In another embodiment, the fiber sheath ranges from about Ne 4 to Ne 60 Cotton Cotton Count. In another embodiment, the fiber sheath ranges from Ne 7 to Ne 40.

The present corespun elastic composite yarns can be used as warp and/or weft yarns to form woven fabrics exhibiting excellent recovery properties. The present composite yarn has a yarn count of Ne 4 to Ne 60, preferably a yarn count of Ne 7 to Ne 40. In one embodiment, the fabric woven from the present composite yarn is in a plain weave, twill and/or satin weave pattern. Such fabrics according to the present invention have a stretchability of at least about 20% or greater. More specifically, compared to existing composite yarns such as those having a filament core/centre thread of elastic filaments combined with non-elastic/elastic Improved less synthetic hand, improved hairiness, abrasion resistance. The fabrics of the present invention also have reduced or no reveal and have higher joint strength, thus increasing the efficiency of the weaving process. When the present composite yarn is made from 100% cotton or rayon/cotton blends, the common white spot problem that occurs in denim fabrics is eliminated when the composite yarn is used as a warp yarn. In addition, the 100% cotton or rayon/cotton blend of the present composite yarn also avoids the double dyeing process of dyed cloth.

The composite yarn can be produced by any staple fiber spinning process, such as core spinning, ring spinning, etc., which are readily known to those skilled in the art. The process and apparatus for making the present elastic corespun composite yarn is shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 . During this spinning process, elastic performance filaments 21 and staple yarns 22 are unwound from bobbins 34 and 35, respectively, at different speeds in directions 41 and 42 according to the desired draft. The draft of the elastic properties filament is calculated by the ratio of the surface speed of the front roll 31 and the drum 34, while the draft of the staple fiber yarn is calculated by the ratio of the surface speed of the front roll 31 and the drum 35. In one embodiment of the invention, the elastic performance filaments have a draft that is at least two or three times that of the staple fiber yarn.

Staple or roving 13 and 14 are unwound from bobbins 11 and 12 to meet elastic performance filaments 21 and staple yarn 22 at front roll 31 . The position of the elastic properties filaments on the roving 13 is regulated by rollers 36 and yarn guides 38 , while the position of the staple fiber yarns 22 on the roving 14 is regulated by rollers 37 and yarn guides 39 . As shown in Figure 2, elastic performance filaments 21 and staple yarn 22 are first twisted individually with staple or rovings 13 and 14 and then twisted together at front roll 31 to form the present corespun elastic composite yarn. The alignment of the elastic properties of the filaments 21 and staple yarns 22 on the roving is effective in reducing the bottom out effect. The present corespun staple yarn has reduced peeking and increased splice strength at the splice location.

A further embodiment of the process for producing the present composite yarn and of the core spinning device is shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 . Elastomeric performance filaments 21 and staple yarns 22 are unwound from bobbins 34 and 35 in directions 41 and 42, respectively, at different speeds depending on the desired draft. The filaments 21 and yarns 22 are first twisted together by rollers 36 to form a tow/centerline around which staple fibers or rovings 13 and 14 are subsequently twisted to form the corespun yarn 1 . The position of the elastic properties filaments 21 and staple yarns 22 on the staple or rovings 13 and 14 is regulated by rollers 36 and yarn guides 38 and 39 .

Another embodiment of a core spinning device is shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 , wherein the elastic performance filaments are twisted together with the staple yarn to preform the centerline 23 . Apparatuses useful in twisting elastic performance filaments with staple yarns include, but are not limited to, ring spinning frames, air spinning frames, and vortex spinning frames. The fiber bundle is unwound from the drum 34 in direction 41 . The centerline draft is calculated from the ratio of the front roll 31 and drum 34 surface speeds. Staple fibers or rovings 13 and 14 are unwound from bobbins 11 and 12 to meet centerline 23 at front roll 31 . The position of the corespun yarn on the rovings 13 and 14 is adjusted by means of rollers 36 and yarn guides 38 and 39 .

The exposed bottom effect of a conventional elastic corespun yarn comprising elastic performance filaments and non-elastic or elastic filaments at the splice location is shown in Figure 7a. The elastic corespun composite yarn of the present invention comprises elastic performance filaments and staple fiber yarns, the filament core has no bottoming effect at the splice location (Fig. 7b). By employing the present elastic corespun composite yarns in the warp, weft, or weft directions, respectively, the elastic corespun composite yarns can be used to provide stretch fabrics designed to be stretched in the weft, stretched in the warp, or double stretched. Stretch fabrics made from the present composite yarns can have fabric weights ranging from 4 ounces per square yard to 16 ounces per square yard (oz/sq.yd).

The following are textile fabrics woven according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention and associated properties ( FIG. 8 ).

Example 1: Denim Weft Single Elastic Fabric

Denim stretch fabric with weft yarn Ne 16 according to the invention. The weft yarns consisted of cotton fiber sheath and corespun polyester staple yarn Ne 45 and 40D (denier) spandex. The denim stretch fabric exhibited good extensibility (27.4%) elongation (3.0%).

Example 2: Denim Weft Single Elastic Fabric

The weft yarn of Ne 16 according to the invention consists of 40D spandex covered by 100% cotton fiber sheath and 100% core yarn Ne 45 core yarn. The fabric has good extensibility (34.6%) and elongation (5.4%). The fabric exhibits a 100% cotton feel and has no exposed bottom effect in the fabric and at the joint locations. The core yarn of Example 2 can also be used as a warp.

Example 3: Denim Weft Single Elastic Fabric

With 100% cotton fiber sheath and corespun polyester staple yarn Ne 60 and 40D weft. Good extensibility (30.1%) and elongation (3.6%) were exhibited in the fabric woven from this weft.

In the absence of more detailed descriptions, it is believed that those skilled in the art can modify the present invention based on the description herein without departing from the scope of the spirit of the present invention and according to the contents stated in the appended claims to the maximum extent Use the invention to its fullest extent. All documents cited herein are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.

Claims (14)

1. a kind of composite elastic composite yarn, it includes：An at least elastic property long filament and at least a staple yarn, Yi Jiyou An at least staple fiber group at fibrous sheath；

Wherein, an at least elastic property long filament and an at least staple yarn are twisted into together first in formation Heart silk, and the fibrous sheath distorts together with the central hair and to surround the central hair；

Alternatively, an at least elastic property long filament and an at least staple yarn are individually turned round with the fibrous sheath Song, and an at least elastic property long filament and an at least short fibre described in fibrous sheath encirclement described in fibrous sheath encirclement Tie up yarn distortion together；

The Denier values of the elastic property long filament are 20 to 140, the English cotton yarn count (Ne) of the staple yarn be 8 to 100, also, by an at least staple fiber group at the fibrous sheath English cotton yarn count (Ne) be 4 to 60.

2. composite yarn according to claim 1, wherein the English cotton yarn count (Ne) of the staple yarn is 20 to 60.

3. composite yarn according to claim 1, wherein by an at least staple fiber group at the fibrous sheath cotton made in Great Britain Yarn count (Ne) is 7 to 40.

4. composite yarn according to claim 1, wherein the elastic property long filament is the total weight of the composite yarn 1% to 40%, the staple yarn is the 4% to 50% of the total weight of the composite yarn.

5. composite yarn according to claim 1, wherein the fibrous sheath includes natural or synthesis staple fiber or its group It closes.

6. composite yarn according to claim 5, wherein natural or synthesis the staple fiber be cotton, artificial silk, terylene, Wool or acrylic fibers.

7. composite yarn according to claim 1, wherein an at least staple yarn is natural, regenerated, synthesis Staple fiber or combinations thereof.

8. composite yarn according to claim 1, wherein the silvalin is that " Z " type or " S " type distort.

9. composite yarn according to claim 1, wherein the drawing-off of the elastic property long filament is 1.5 to 5.0, described short The drawing-off of silvalin is 1.0 to 1.3.

10. a kind of woven fabric containing elastic fiber, the woven fabric containing elastic fiber includes claim 1 institute in warp thread or weft yarn or both The composite yarn stated.

11. woven fabric containing elastic fiber according to claim 10, wherein the fabric is plain weave, twill or satin weave.

12. woven fabric containing elastic fiber according to claim 10, wherein the fabric is denim.

13. woven fabric containing elastic fiber according to claim 10, wherein the fabric is piece dyeing.

14. woven fabric containing elastic fiber according to claim 10, wherein the warp thread or weft yarn or both all have 10% to 40% extensibility.