CN105372284A - Device and method for testing frost heaving parameter of soil under standard compaction work - Google Patents

Device and method for testing frost heaving parameter of soil under standard compaction work Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105372284A
CN105372284A CN201510884610.7A CN201510884610A CN105372284A CN 105372284 A CN105372284 A CN 105372284A CN 201510884610 A CN201510884610 A CN 201510884610A CN 105372284 A CN105372284 A CN 105372284A
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China
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soil sample
frost heaving
work durm
organic glass
displacement
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CN201510884610.7A
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魏进
官少龙
陈磊
来庆专
蒋汉能
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Changan University
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Changan University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a device and method for testing a frost heaving parameter of soil under standard compaction work. The device includes a steel base plate; a separable iron tube is arranged on the steel base plate, a soil sample is in the separable iron tube, and an organic glass tube is arranged on the periphery of the separable iron tube; the separable iron tube, the steel base plate, the organic glass cylinder and a lantern ring are fastened through a fastening device; a water temperature sensor is arranged in the soil sample, and a water temperature data collector is connected with on the outside; a displacement sensor is arranged above the soil sample, and of a displacement data collector is connected on the outside; the two data collectors are connected to a main control computer; and the inner wall of the organic glass tube is coiled with a copper pipe, and the organic glass tube is connected to a cycle refrigeration apparatus through a plastic hose. The device can test frost heaving ratio, moisture migration, temperature transfer of the soil sample under standard compaction work and various conditions, and can quickly remove the frozen soil sample, and observe the soil surface and dissected internal freezing texture, so as to obtain the change rule of frost heaving ratio, and rule of moisture migration and heat transfer.

Description

The proving installation of body frost heaving parameter and method of testing thereof under a kind of standard impact density merit
Technical field
The invention belongs to soil strength variation detection technique field, cold district, particularly relate to proving installation and the method for testing thereof of body frost heaving parameter under a kind of standard impact density merit, research roadbed frost damage frost boiling mechanism and prophylactico-therapeutic measures.
Background technology
The Frost heaving mechanism occurred in cold district road engineering is that the migration of roadbed soil water and water is gathered and freezed to cause moisture redistribution in the soil body, and be parallel to frozen interface and form several layers and freeze layer, Local topography still has ice lens or ice cube, extrusion soil, and volume increases and produces subgrade heave phenomenon; And mechanism of bursting and become muddy when a thaw sets in makes earth's surface ice sheet melt comparatively early because temperature in spring rises, and when lower floor not yet thaws, the moisture of melt layer cannot dissipate downwards, cause shallow soil body water content to increase and occur softening, intensity significantly reduces, and by under vehicle dynamic load repeated action, thus occurs frost boiling phenomenon.Along with the development of Chinese national economy, national volume of transport grows with each passing day, more the problem of aggravation cold district road frost boiling.
The current solution for process roadbed frost damage frost boiling problem not yet forms effectively unified method.For solving frost boil problem, many professional persons attempt adopting various Test Research Frost heaving mechanism, comprise site test and shop experiment, in view of the site test cycle is longer, costly, generally do not adopt.And shop experiment is only from the angle research Frost heaving mechanism of frost heaving amount test, there is significant limitation.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned defect or deficiency, the invention provides proving installation and the method for testing thereof of body frost heaving parameter under a kind of lower standard compactive effort, body frost heaving rate, water translocation and temperature transfer law can be tested.
For reaching above object, by the technical scheme of inventing be:
The proving installation that under standard impact density, body frost heaving rate, water translocation and temperature are transmitted, comprises test macro, data acquisition system (DAS), and refrigeration system;
Test macro comprises the steel sole plate offering some holes, steel sole plate is provided with detachable work durm, and detachable work durm periphery arranges organic glass infuser, places the soil sample of standard impact density in detachable work durm; The top of detachable work durm is arranged with the collar, and the top of the collar engages with organic glass cylinder, and steel sole plate, organic glass cylinder and the collar are locked by fastener;
Data acquisition system (DAS) comprises the some moisture temperature sensors be arranged in soil sample, moisture temperature sensor is connected with moisture temperature data acquisition device, above soil sample, erection has crossbeam, crossbeam is provided with first, second displacement transducer, first, second displacement transducer is connected with displacement data collector, moisture temperature data acquisition device and displacement data collector are connected on main control computer;
Refrigeration system comprises the copper pipe coiled on organic glass cylinder inwall, and the entrance of copper pipe is connected with circularly cooling instrument respectively by first, second plastic flexible pipe with outlet.
Described fastener comprises the first screw rod and the second screw rod that are installed on organic glass cylinder two ends, first screw rod is identical with the second screw rod structure, wherein, one end of first screw rod is installed on steel sole plate, the other end and the collar are connected to collar rim, by nut by the collar and steel sole plate locking.
First, second displacement transducer described is installed along soil sample surface diameter symmetry.
Described crossbeam is provided with clock gauge, and clock gauge is installed between first, second displacement transducer.
Described detachable work durm is formed by the first semicolumn work durm and the second semicolumn work durm slitless connection.
Described steel sole plate offers inside and outside twice annular groove, first, second semicolumn work durm, machine glass infuser are embedded in inside and outside twice annular groove respectively, and first, second semicolumn work durm realizes slitless connection.
Be provided with five moisture temperature sensors in described soil sample, soil sample inside from top to bottom equal difference is placed with the first, second, third, fourth, the 5th moisture temperature sensor and adjacent two moisture temperature sensor intervals are staggeredly arranged.
Described organic glass cylinder is outside equipped with heat-preservation cotton.
The method of testing that under standard impact density, body frost heaving rate, water translocation and temperature are transmitted, comprises the following steps:
1), by soil sample layering to be tested detachable work durm is poured into, simultaneously the embedding moisture temperature sensor in interval;
2), hit real obtain soil sample after, according to actual condition needs, be provided with without load at top, bottom supplements with or without water source, and installation connection bit displacement sensor, connects to form data acquisition system (DAS);
3), freeze by 20 DEG C, 15 DEG C, 10 DEG C, 5 DEG C, 0 DEG C ,-5 DEG C ,-10 DEG C ,-15 DEG C ,-20 DEG C ,-25 DEG C ,-30 DEG C order coolings successively, 2 hours interval times of each falling temperature gradient between 20 DEG C ~ 0 DEG C, between 0 DEG C ~ 30 DEG C, each falling temperature gradient standard is, obtains main control computer curve map;
4), freezing process terminates, according to step 3) the reverse intensification of warm down sequence, obtain main control computer curve map;
5), repeat step 3), 4) 3 times, complete 3 Frozen-thawed cycled processes, calculate the frozen-heave factor under each Frozen-thawed cycled i-th freezing temperature:
η i ( 5 - 1 ) = h t ( 5 - 1 ) - h 0 ( 5 - 1 ) h 0 ( 5 - 1 ) η i ( 5 - 2 ) = h t ( 5 - 2 ) - h 0 ( 5 - 2 ) h 0 ( 5 - 2 )
η i = 1 2 [ η i ( 5 - 1 ) + η i ( 5 - 2 ) ]
Wherein, η ifrozen-heave factor under-the i-th freezing temperature;
H 0 (5-1), h 0 (5-2)-be respectively the first displacement transducer 5-1 and second displacement sensor 5-2 initial displacement;
H t (5-1), h t (5-2)-be respectively the first displacement transducer 5-1 and second displacement sensor 5-2 freezes displacement;
6), off-test, keep frozen state, shed the collar fast, separately first, second semicolumn work durm, take out complete non-turbulent soil sample, observe surface and freeze texture after cutting open, summing up water translocation, temperature transfer law, frozen-heave factor Changing Pattern under same freezing temperature under contrasting each Frozen-thawed cycled.
Fill the soil tamp of maximum grain 60mm in described detachable work durm, standard impact density hammer 4.5kg, fall apart from 45cm, unit volume compactive effort can control at 2677.2 ~ 2687.0kJ/m 3in scope, and points 6 layers hit reality, and every layer of striking times is 358 times.
Compare with prior art picture, beneficial effect of the present invention is:
The invention provides proving installation and method of testing thereof that body frost heaving rate under a kind of standard impact density, water translocation and temperature transmit, by steel sole plate in a test system being arranged the detachable work durm holding soil sample, in detachable work durm, soil sample to be detected is poured in layering into, and place moisture temperature sensor and displacement transducer, be provided with without load according to actual condition, supplement with or without water source; Design temperature carries out some Frozen-thawed cycled and image data; Keep frozen state to take out complete non-turbulent soil sample after terminating, observe surface and freeze texture after cutting open, summing up water translocation, temperature transfer law, frozen-heave factor Changing Pattern under same freezing temperature under contrasting each Frozen-thawed cycled.This device dismounting is simple, and test process is convenient, and data result is more directly perceived, stable, accurate.
Further, the main body frame energy rapid-assembling of apparatus of the present invention samples with dismounting, and iron and steel cylinder two parts are embedded in the inner groove on steel sole plate, and top entangles firm with the collar, take edge on organic organic glass cylinder, namely can be assembled into solid main body frame outside the collar.
Further, the cycle refrigeration system in the present invention, the industrial spirit under design temperature prepared by refrigeration instrument, deliver into the good copper tube of thermal conductivity by plastic flexible pipe, then flow back to refrigeration instrument via plastic flexible pipe, form simple, a practical cycle refrigeration system, structure is simple, effectively.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the front view of apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the side view of apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the vertical view of apparatus of the present invention.
In figure, 1-1-the first screw rod, 1-2-the second screw rod, 2-organic glass cylinder, 3-collar, 4-crossbeam, 5-1-the first displacement transducer, 5-2-second displacement sensor, 6-1-the first semicolumn work durm, 6-2-the second semicolumn work durm, 7-clock gauge, 8-1-the first plastic flexible pipe, 8-2-second plastic flexible pipe, 9-1-the first moisture temperature sensor, 9-2-the second moisture temperature sensor, 9-3-the 3rd moisture temperature sensor, 9-4-the 4th moisture temperature sensor, 9-5-the 5th moisture temperature sensor, 10-copper pipe, 11-heat-preservation cotton, 12-steel sole plate, 13-displacement data collector, 14-moisture temperature data acquisition device, 15-main control computer, 16-circularly cooling instrument.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in detail.
Proving installation of the present invention and method of testing are intended to measure the frozen-heave factor of subgrade soil under standard impact density function under soil body different moisture content, different gradation, different freezing temperature, and observation analysis sums up Transport, the temperature transfer law of moisture in soil body when there is frost heave.The operating mode that embodiment has water source to supplement for device top without load, bottom explains.
As shown in figures 1-4, the invention provides the proving installation that body frost heaving rate under a kind of standard impact density, water translocation and temperature are transmitted, can can descend body frost heaving rate, Moisture Transfer Rule, temperature transfer law by examination criteria compactive effort, comprise test macro, data acquisition system (DAS), and refrigeration system;
Test macro comprises the steel sole plate 12 offering some holes, steel sole plate 12 arranges detachable work durm, described detachable work durm is formed by the first semicolumn work durm 6-1 and the second semicolumn work durm 6-2 slitless connection, detachable work durm periphery arranges organic glass infuser 2, places the soil sample of standard impact density in detachable work durm; The top of detachable work durm is arranged with the collar 3, and the top of the collar 3 engages with organic glass cylinder 2, and steel sole plate 12, organic glass cylinder 2 and the collar 3 are stepped up by fastener; Described fastener comprises the first screw rod 1-1 and the second screw rod 1-2 that are installed on organic glass cylinder 2 two ends, first screw rod 1-1 is identical with the second screw rod 1-2 structure, wherein, one end of first screw rod 1-1 is installed on steel sole plate 12, the other end and the collar are connected to the collar 3 edge, the collar 3 and steel sole plate 12 are clamped by nut.In the present invention, organic glass cylinder 2 interior diameter is 30cm; The interior diameter of detachable work durm is 27mm, and steel sole plate 12 offers some cylindrical holes, and hole diameter is 3mm.
Data acquisition system (DAS) comprises the some moisture temperature sensors be arranged in soil sample, moisture temperature sensor is connected with moisture temperature data acquisition device 14, above soil sample, displacement transducer is installed, displacement transducer is connected with displacement data collector 13, moisture temperature data acquisition device 14 and displacement data collector 13 are connected to main control computer 15.
Refrigeration system comprises the copper pipe 10 coiled on organic glass cylinder 2 inwall, and copper pipe 10 is connected with circularly cooling instrument 16 by first, second plastic flexible pipe 8-1,8-2.Concrete, the entrance of copper pipe 10 is connected first and second plastic flexible pipe 8-1,8-2 respectively with outlet, and first and second plastic flexible pipe 8-1,8-2 connect circularly cooling instrument 16 and copper pipe 10, and organic glass cylinder 2 is outside equipped with heat-preservation cotton 11.The refrigeration system be made up of the copper pipe of the plastic flexible pipe of diameter 1cm, internal diameter 0.8cm, circularly cooling instrument, heat-preservation cotton in the present invention.This cycle refrigeration system realizes principle, the industrial spirit under design temperature prepared by refrigeration instrument, delivers into the good copper tube of thermal conductivity, then flow back to refrigeration instrument via plastic flexible pipe by plastic flexible pipe, recycle, form simple, a practical cycle refrigeration system.
Further, be provided with crossbeam 4 in the described collar 3, crossbeam 4 be provided with first, second displacement transducer 5-1,5-2, first, second displacement transducer 5-1,5-2 install along soil sample surface diameter symmetry.Crossbeam 4 is provided with clock gauge 7, clock gauge 7 is installed between first, second displacement transducer 5-1,5-2.Test data collection system in the present invention, at inside soil body from top to bottom, from left to right, in the moisture temperature sensor of 5 function two-purposes that are staggeredly arranged, soil sample inside from top to bottom equal difference is placed with the first, second, third, fourth, the 5th moisture temperature sensor 9-1,9-2,9-3,9-4,9-5 and adjacent two moisture temperature sensor intervals are staggeredly arranged.2 displacement transducers are laid at top, are fixed on crossbeam, and an additional clock gauge, as the reference of electronical reading, with tiny data line connection data collector, main control computer, realizes heating and cooling, image data robotization.
Preferably, steel sole plate 12 of the present invention offers inside and outside twice annular groove, first, second semicolumn work durm 6-1,6-2, machine glass infuser 2 are embedded in inside and outside twice annular groove respectively, and first, second semicolumn work durm 6-1,6-2 realize slitless connection, namely can be assembled into solid main body frame.
Present invention also offers the method for testing that body frost heaving rate under a kind of standard impact density, water translocation and temperature are transmitted, comprise the following steps:
1, soil sample layering to be tested is poured into detachable work durm, simultaneously the embedding moisture temperature sensor in interval; In iron and steel cylinder, place permeable stone and filter paper, divide 6 layers to insert the subgrade soils of specified grading, water cut, every layer is hit real 358 times with manual compaction hammer.1st layer is hit in fact, imbeds moisture temperature sensor, imbed residue sensor successively while inserting the soil body by position shown in Fig. 1.Banket complete, at top pad with the organic glass cushion block of diameter 27cm, fixed displacement sensor 5-1,5-2, clock gauge 7, draw data line, connection data collector 13,14, main control computer 15, and debugging displacement transducer, does reference with clock gauge reading.
2, hit real obtain soil sample after, according to actual condition needs, be provided with without load at top, bottom supplements with or without water source, and installation connection bit displacement sensor, connects to form data acquisition system (DAS).
3, on-test, water filling in pond, water surface submergence steel sole plate 1cm.Freeze by 20 DEG C, 15 DEG C, 10 DEG C, 5 DEG C, 0 DEG C ,-5 DEG C ,-10 DEG C ,-15 DEG C ,-20 DEG C ,-25 DEG C ,-30 DEG C order coolings successively, 2 hours interval times of each falling temperature gradient between 20 DEG C ~ 0 DEG C, between 0 DEG C ~ 30 DEG C, each falling temperature gradient standard is: observe main control computer 15 curvilinear motion figure, perform next step heating and cooling after every data stabilization.
4, freezing process terminates, and according to the reverse intensification of the warm down sequence of step 3, each heating gradient standard, for observing main control computer 15 curvilinear motion figure, performs after every data stabilization.
5, repeat step 3,4, complete 2.5 Frozen-thawed cycled processes, calculate the frozen-heave factor under each Frozen-thawed cycled i-th freezing temperature:
η i ( 5 - 1 ) = h t ( 5 - 1 ) - h 0 ( 5 - 1 ) h 0 ( 5 - 1 ) η i ( 5 - 2 ) = h t ( 5 - 2 ) - h 0 ( 5 - 2 ) h 0 ( 5 - 2 )
η i = 1 2 [ η i ( 5 - 1 ) + η i ( 5 - 2 ) ]
Wherein, η ifrozen-heave factor under-the i-th freezing temperature;
H 0 (5-1), h 0 (5-2)-be respectively the first displacement transducer 5-1 and second displacement sensor 5-2 initial displacement;
H t (5-1), h t (5-2)-be respectively the first displacement transducer 5-1 and second displacement sensor 5-2 freezes displacement;
6, test terminates, keep frozen state, shed the collar 3 fast, be separated first, second semicolumn work durm 6-1,6-2, take out complete non-turbulent soil sample, observe surface and freeze texture after cutting open, summing up water translocation, temperature transfer law, frozen-heave factor Changing Pattern under same freezing temperature under contrasting each Frozen-thawed cycled.
Fill the soil tamp of maximum grain 60mm in described detachable work durm, standard impact density hammer 4.5kg, fall apart from 45cm, unit volume compactive effort can control at 2677.2 ~ 2687.0kJ/m 3in scope, and points 6 layers hit reality, and every layer of striking times is 358 times
The present invention has the soil body of swelling weak rock for certain areas, can to pond water filling, the water surface dipped iron and steel cylinder top, soak 4 round the clock after, pump part water, the water surface is down to former water level, then carries out frost heave test, and the data obtained is actual closer to engineering.

Claims (9)

1. the proving installation of body frost heaving parameter under standard impact density merit, is characterized in that, comprise test macro, data acquisition system (DAS), and refrigeration system;
Test macro comprises the steel sole plate (12) offering some holes, (12) are provided with detachable work durm to steel sole plate, detachable work durm periphery arranges organic glass infuser (2), places the soil sample of standard impact density in detachable work durm; The top of detachable work durm is arranged with the collar (3), and the top of the collar (3) engages with organic glass cylinder (2), steel sole plate (12), organic glass cylinder (2) and the collar (3) are locked by fastener;
Data acquisition system (DAS) comprises the some moisture temperature sensors be arranged in soil sample, moisture temperature sensor is connected with moisture temperature data acquisition device (14), above soil sample, erection has crossbeam (4), crossbeam (4) is provided with first, second displacement transducer (5-1,5-2), first, second displacement transducer (5-1,5-2) is connected with displacement data collector (13), moisture temperature data acquisition device (14) and displacement data collector (13) are connected on main control computer (15);
Refrigeration system comprises the copper pipe (10) coiled on organic glass cylinder (2) inwall, and the entrance of copper pipe (10) is connected with circularly cooling instrument (16) respectively by first, second plastic flexible pipe (8-1,8-2) with outlet.
2. the proving installation of body frost heaving parameter under standard impact density merit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described fastener comprises the first screw rod (1-1) and the second screw rod (1-2) that are installed on organic glass cylinder (2) two ends, first screw rod (1-1) is identical with the second screw rod (1-2) structure, wherein, one end of first screw rod (1-1) is installed on steel sole plate (12), the other end and the collar are connected to the collar (3) edge, by nut by the collar (3) and steel sole plate (12) locking.
3. the proving installation of body frost heaving parameter under standard impact density merit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described crossbeam (4) is provided with clock gauge (7), clock gauge (7) is installed between first, second displacement transducer (5-1,5-2).
4. the proving installation of body frost heaving parameter under standard impact density merit according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described detachable work durm is formed by the first semicolumn work durm (6-1) and the second semicolumn work durm (6-2) slitless connection.
5. the proving installation of body frost heaving parameter under standard impact density merit according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, described steel sole plate (12) offers inside and outside twice annular groove, first, second semicolumn work durm (6-1,6-2), machine glass infuser (2) are embedded in twice annular groove respectively, and first, second semicolumn work durm (6-1,6-2) realizes slitless connection.
6. the proving installation of body frost heaving parameter under standard impact density merit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, be provided with five moisture temperature sensors in described soil sample, soil sample inside from top to bottom equal difference is placed with the first, second, third, fourth, the 5th moisture temperature sensor (9-1,9-2,9-3,9-4,9-5) and adjacent two moisture temperature sensor intervals are staggeredly arranged.
7. the proving installation of body frost heaving parameter under standard impact density merit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described organic glass cylinder (2) is outside equipped with heat-preservation cotton (11).
8., based on a method of testing for the proving installation of body frost heaving parameter under claim 1 standard impact density merit, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
1), by soil sample layering to be tested detachable work durm is poured into, simultaneously the embedding moisture temperature sensor in interval;
2), hit real obtain soil sample after, according to actual condition needs, be provided with without load at top, bottom supplements with or without water source, and installation connection bit displacement sensor, connects to form data acquisition system (DAS);
3), freeze by 20 DEG C, 15 DEG C, 10 DEG C, 5 DEG C, 0 DEG C ,-5 DEG C ,-10 DEG C ,-15 DEG C ,-20 DEG C ,-25 DEG C ,-30 DEG C order coolings successively, 2 hours interval times of each falling temperature gradient between 20 DEG C ~ 0 DEG C, between 0 DEG C ~ 30 DEG C, each falling temperature gradient standard is, obtains main control computer (15) curve map;
4), freezing process terminates, according to step 3) the reverse intensification of warm down sequence, obtain main control computer (15) curve map;
5), repeat step 3), 4) 3 times, complete 3 Frozen-thawed cycled processes, calculate the frozen-heave factor under each Frozen-thawed cycled i-th freezing temperature:
η i ( 5 - 1 ) = h t ( 5 - 1 ) - h 0 ( 5 - 1 ) h 0 ( 5 - 1 ) η i ( 5 - 2 ) = h t ( 5 - 2 ) - h 0 ( 5 - 2 ) h 0 ( 5 - 2 )
η i = 1 2 [ η i ( 5 - 1 ) + η i ( 5 - 2 ) ]
Wherein, η ifrozen-heave factor under-the i-th freezing temperature;
H 0 (5-1), h 0 (5-2)-be respectively the first displacement transducer 5-1 and second displacement sensor 5-2 initial displacement;
H t (5-1), h t (5-2)-be respectively the first displacement transducer 5-1 and second displacement sensor 5-2 freezes displacement;
6), off-test, keep frozen state, shed the collar (3) fast, separately first, second semicolumn work durm (6-1,6-2), take out complete non-turbulent soil sample, observe surface and freeze texture after cutting open, summing up water translocation, temperature transfer law, frozen-heave factor Changing Pattern under same freezing temperature under contrasting each Frozen-thawed cycled.
9. the method for testing that under standard impact density according to claim 8, body frost heaving rate, water translocation and temperature are transmitted, it is characterized in that, the soil tamp of maximum grain 60mm is filled in described detachable work durm, standard impact density hammer 4.5kg, fall apart from 45cm, unit volume compactive effort can control at 2677.2 ~ 2687.0kJ/m 3in scope, and points 6 layers hit reality, and every layer of striking times is 358 times.
CN201510884610.7A 2015-12-04 2015-12-04 Device and method for testing frost heaving parameter of soil under standard compaction work Pending CN105372284A (en)

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CN106404825A (en) * 2016-09-21 2017-02-15 长安大学 Frost-heaving ratio and thaw-settlement coefficient simultaneous determination tester for soil body
CN109668923A (en) * 2019-01-18 2019-04-23 安徽建筑大学 A kind of frozen soil upper limit changing rule test method
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Application publication date: 20160302