CN105348620B - 一种耐热105℃耐候化学交联聚乙烯绝缘料 - Google Patents

一种耐热105℃耐候化学交联聚乙烯绝缘料 Download PDF

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CN105348620B
CN105348620B CN201510951833.0A CN201510951833A CN105348620B CN 105348620 B CN105348620 B CN 105348620B CN 201510951833 A CN201510951833 A CN 201510951833A CN 105348620 B CN105348620 B CN 105348620B
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杨长龙
葛维春
冯喜强
金鹏
李悦悦
郑薇
夏玉珏
马洪峰
李希元
代芳鑫
徐晓辉
卞俭俭
唐艳芳
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XINSHANGHUA HIGH MOLECULAR MATERIAL CO Ltd SHANGHAI
Shenyang Power Supply Co of State Grid Liaoning Electric Power Co Ltd
Yingkou Power Supply Co of State Grid Liaoning Electric Power Co Ltd
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
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Shenyang Power Supply Co of State Grid Liaoning Electric Power Co Ltd
Yingkou Power Supply Co of State Grid Liaoning Electric Power Co Ltd
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
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Abstract

一种耐热105℃耐候化学交联聚乙烯绝缘料，是由如下重量份数的原料组成的：低密度聚乙烯100份、过氧化物交联剂1.0～3.0份、炭黑母粒1.0～6.0份、抗氧剂0.1～1.0份、成核剂0.1～1.0份。本发明提供的耐热105℃耐候化学交联聚乙烯绝缘料，采用密度为0.920±0.003 g/cm3，熔体流动指数为1.0～3.0 g/10min的低密度聚乙烯为主要原料，充分利用其流动性、加工性能优良的特点，有效提高生产效率，降低对加工设备的要求；制备的绝缘料具有耐高温热老化性能好、耐日光老化性能好、绝缘性能佳等特点，在105℃下热老化寿命远远优于常规产品，可以满足实际需要，有效克服现有常规产品耐热90℃的不足。

Description

一种耐热105℃耐候化学交联聚乙烯绝缘料
技术领域
本发明涉及电缆技术领域，尤其涉及一种耐热105℃耐候化学交联聚乙烯绝缘料。
背景技术
交联聚乙烯具有绝缘电阻高、介电损耗小、耐溶剂腐蚀、耐老化、价廉易得、寿命长等特点，是目前电线电缆最主要的绝缘材料。交联聚乙烯电缆在世界上应用已超过50年，虽然也有发生过一些击穿和开裂的现象，但调查结果显示击穿主要是由水树和电树以及物理杂质导致的，开裂的原因似乎与成缆工艺关系更大。从目前来看，交联聚乙烯在90℃的使用温度下安全系数依然较高，排除其他因素，寿命普遍可以达到40年以上。然而，如果交联聚乙烯电缆使用温度进一步提高，比如105℃，其表现如何，还未有确切的事实依据和试验证明。
化学交联聚乙烯电缆料是预先将有机过氧化物（DCP）与低密度聚乙烯（LDPE）混合，在较低温度（120℃）下进行充分混炼造粒，或在合适的工艺条件下采用浸润的方法，使DCP均匀分布在LDPE中，得到可交联XLPE粒子，在电缆加工过程中使有机过氧化物分解发生交联反应，该方法使用最为普遍，目前高压XLPE绝缘料即采用该方法。由于受到分子结构和过氧化物材料分解温度及材料的老化寿命影响，普通化学交联聚乙烯的长期工作温度被限定在90℃。长期使用温度为105℃的耐热XLPE绝缘料产品的研制主要解决两方面的问题，首先是产品的配方设计，然后是适应工业化的工艺条件的制订。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种耐热105℃耐候化学交联聚乙烯绝缘料，在105℃下热老化寿命远远优于常规产品，可以满足实际需要，有效克服现有常规产品耐热90℃的不足。
为实现本发明的上述目的，本发明提供一种耐热105℃耐候化学交联聚乙烯绝缘料，是由如下重量份数的原料组成的：低密度聚乙烯100份、过氧化物交联剂1.0～3.0份、炭黑母粒1.0～6.0份、抗氧剂0.1～1.0份、成核剂0.1～1.0份。
所述低密度聚乙烯的密度为0.920±0.003 g/cm3，熔体流动指数为1.0～3.0 g/10min。
所述的过氧化物交联剂为过氧化二异丙苯（DCP）、过氧化二叔丁基（DTBP）、二（叔丁基过氧化异丙基）苯（商品名F40）中的一种或几种。
所述的炭黑母粒为P型炭黑，含量为40%。
所述的抗氧剂4,4'-硫代双(6-叔丁基-3-甲基苯酚)、2,2'-硫代双(4-甲基-6-特丁基苯酚)、四[β-（3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基）丙酸]季戊四醇酯、3,5-双（1,1-二甲基乙基）-4-羟基苯丙酸硫代二-2,1-乙二醇酯中的一种或几种。
所述的成核剂为美利肯公司的Hyperform HPN-20E。
本发明还提供一种耐热105℃耐候化学交联聚乙烯绝缘料的制备方法，包括：按配方重量份数将低密度聚乙烯和炭黑母粒均匀混合后，通过失重称定量加入BUSS往复式单螺杆挤出机；然后将过氧化物交联剂、抗氧剂和成核剂混合均匀后，通过液体泵定量注射加入BUSS往复式单螺杆挤出机；在120℃±10℃下混炼均匀后挤出切粒，冷却后进入沸腾干燥塔干燥，洁净包装，即得。
与现有技术相比本发明的有益效果。
本发明提供的耐热105℃耐候化学交联聚乙烯绝缘料，采用密度为0.920±0.003g/cm3，熔体流动指数为1.0～3.0 g/10min的低密度聚乙烯为主要原料，充分利用其流动性、加工性能优良的特点，有效提高生产效率，降低对加工设备的要求；制备的绝缘料具有耐高温热老化性能好、耐日光老化性能好、绝缘性能佳等特点，在105℃下热老化寿命远远优于常规产品，可以满足实际需要，有效克服现有常规产品耐热90℃的不足。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例进一步详细说明本发明。
实施例1。
本实施例提供一种耐热105℃耐候化学交联聚乙烯绝缘料，是由如下重量份数的原料组成的：低密度聚乙烯（LDPE）100份、过氧化二异丙苯（DCP） 2.5份、P型炭黑母粒5.0份、3,5-双（1,1-二甲基乙基）-4-羟基苯丙酸硫代二-2,1-乙二醇酯中（商品名：抗氧剂1035） 0.5份、Hyperform HPN-20E 0.2份。
所述低密度聚乙烯的密度为0.920g/cm3，熔体流动指数为2.0 g/10min。
本实施例还提供一种耐热105℃耐候化学交联聚乙烯绝缘料的制备方法：按配方将LDPE、过氧化物交联剂DCP、P型炭黑母粒、抗氧剂1035和成核剂Hyperform HPN-20E，通过计量装置分别同时加入BUSS往复式单螺杆共混造粒机组，水冷，干燥，打包，即得耐热105℃架空电缆用黑色过氧化物交联聚乙烯绝缘料。
实施例2。
本实施例提供一种耐热105℃耐候化学交联聚乙烯绝缘料，是由如下重量份数的原料组成的：低密度聚乙烯（LDPE）100份、二-（叔丁基过氧化异丙基）苯（商品名：F40） 2.2份、P型炭黑母粒4.0份、2,2'-硫代双(4-甲基-6-特丁基苯酚)（商品名：抗氧剂1081） 0.4份、Hyperform HPN-20E 0.1份。
所述低密度聚乙烯的密度为0.918 g/cm3、熔体流动指数为2.2 g/10min。
本实施例还提供一种耐热105℃耐候化学交联聚乙烯绝缘料的制备方法：将LDPE、F40、P型炭黑母粒、抗氧剂1081和成核剂Hyperform HPN-20E，通过计量装置精确的加入BUSS往复式单螺杆共混造粒机组，水冷，干燥，打包，即得耐热105℃架空电缆用黑色过氧化物交联聚乙烯绝缘料。
以上两个实施例制备的耐热105℃耐候化学交联聚乙烯绝缘料，采用GB/T 14049-2008和JB/T 10437-2004标准进行检测，测试结果见表1。
由表1可知，本发明制备的耐热105℃耐候化学交联聚乙烯绝缘料，具有耐高温热老化性能好、耐日光老化性能好、绝缘性能佳等特点。

Claims (6)

1.一种耐热105℃耐候化学交联聚乙烯绝缘料，其特征在于，是由如下重量份数的原料组成的：低密度聚乙烯100份、过氧化物交联剂1.0～3.0份、炭黑母粒1.0～6.0份、抗氧剂0.1～1.0份、成核剂0.1～1.0份，所述的成核剂为Hyperform HPN-20E。
2.如权利要求1所述的耐热105℃耐候化学交联聚乙烯绝缘料，其特征在于，所述低密度聚乙烯的密度为0.920±0.003 g/cm3，熔体流动指数为1.0～3.0 g/10min。
3.如权利要求1所述的耐热105℃耐候化学交联聚乙烯绝缘料，其特征在于，所述的过氧化物交联剂为过氧化二异丙苯（DCP）、过氧化二叔丁基（DTBP）、二（叔丁基过氧化异丙基）苯中的一种或几种。
4.如权利要求1所述的耐热105℃耐候化学交联聚乙烯绝缘料，其特征在于，所述的炭黑母粒为P型炭黑，含量为40%。
5.如权利要求1所述的耐热105℃耐候化学交联聚乙烯绝缘料，其特征在于，所述的抗氧剂为4,4'-硫代双(6-叔丁基-3-甲基苯酚)、2,2'-硫代双(4-甲基-6-特丁基苯酚)、四[β-（3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基）丙酸]季戊四醇酯、3,5-双（1,1-二甲基乙基）-4-羟基苯丙酸硫代二-2,1-乙二醇酯中的一种或几种。
6.如权利要求1所述的耐热105℃耐候化学交联聚乙烯绝缘料的制备方法，其特征在于：按配方将低密度聚乙烯和炭黑母粒均匀混合后，通过失重称定量加入BUSS往复式单螺杆挤出机；然后将过氧化物交联剂、抗氧剂和成核剂混合均匀后，通过液体泵定量注射加入BUSS往复式单螺杆挤出机；在120℃±10℃下混炼均匀后挤出切粒，冷却后进入沸腾干燥塔干燥，洁净包装，即得。
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