CN105347654B - The furnace drying method and its dryer of a kind of sludge - Google Patents
The furnace drying method and its dryer of a kind of sludge Download PDFInfo
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- CN105347654B CN105347654B CN201510734200.4A CN201510734200A CN105347654B CN 105347654 B CN105347654 B CN 105347654B CN 201510734200 A CN201510734200 A CN 201510734200A CN 105347654 B CN105347654 B CN 105347654B
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- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 124
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000019645 odor Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000052769 pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/16—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening using drying or composting beds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D50/00—Combinations of methods or devices for separating particles from gases or vapours
- B01D50/60—Combinations of devices covered by groups B01D46/00 and B01D47/00
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/002—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by condensation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/26—Drying gases or vapours
- B01D53/266—Drying gases or vapours by filtration
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/18—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by thermal conditioning
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
- F27D17/10—Arrangements for using waste heat
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
- F27D17/20—Arrangements for treatment or cleaning of waste gases
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
- B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
- B01D2258/0283—Flue gases
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/001—Runoff or storm water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/06—Sludge reduction, e.g. by lysis
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
- Y02A50/2351—Atmospheric particulate matter [PM], e.g. carbon smoke microparticles, smog, aerosol particles, dust
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
- Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
本发明属于污泥处理领域，特指一种污泥的烘干方法，该方法包括以下步奏：A：烘干：将污泥输送至烘干机的烘干筒内，在烘干机的燃烧罩内提供热源对烘干筒外壁进行加热，产生热量和烟气通过燃烧罩上的烟气回流管输送到烘干筒内部对污泥进行直接加热；B：脱硫除尘：烘干筒内的烟气通过排烟管连接水膜除尘器，在水膜除尘器内进行脱硫除尘；C：冷凝：脱硫除尘后的气体通过冷凝后，冷凝成水和油；D：不凝气高温消毒：不冷凝的气体再重新导回燃烧罩内，进行高温杀毒和燃烧，同时提出了一种用于上述污泥烘干方法的烘干机；本发明具有工艺流程简单，燃料利用率高，基本无排放，对环境污染小，烘干后的污泥含水率低的优点。
The invention belongs to the field of sludge treatment, and particularly refers to a sludge drying method, which includes the following steps: A: drying: transport the sludge to the drying cylinder of the dryer, A heat source is provided in the combustion hood to heat the outer wall of the drying cylinder, and the heat and flue gas generated are transported to the inside of the drying cylinder through the flue gas return pipe on the combustion hood to directly heat the sludge; B: desulfurization and dust removal: the drying cylinder The flue gas is connected to the water film dust collector through the exhaust pipe, and desulfurization and dust removal are carried out in the water film dust collector; C: condensation: the gas after desulfurization and dust removal is condensed into water and oil after condensation; D: high temperature disinfection of non-condensable gas: no The condensed gas is redirected back into the combustion hood for high-temperature sterilization and combustion. At the same time, a dryer for the above-mentioned sludge drying method is proposed; the invention has the advantages of simple process flow, high fuel utilization rate, and basically no emission , less environmental pollution, and the advantages of low moisture content in the dried sludge.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于污泥处理领域，特指一种污泥的烘干方法及其烘干机。The invention belongs to the field of sludge treatment, in particular to a sludge drying method and a drying machine thereof.
背景技术Background technique
污泥是指污水处理厂和各行各业的终端废弃物，即生活污泥和工业污泥。这些污泥含有大量的微生物、病原体，散发着恶臭，有的还含有重金属，污泥对环境的危害主要包括使水源水质恶化，污染土壤和农作物等；随着人们生活水平的提高和生产规模的扩大，污泥这种污染物质的危害性也日益明显。污泥的适用处理技术应使污泥减容、稳定化和无害化，如果任其泛滥，其后果不堪设想。Sludge refers to the terminal waste of sewage treatment plants and various industries, namely domestic sludge and industrial sludge. These sludges contain a large number of microorganisms, pathogens, emit foul odors, and some also contain heavy metals. The hazards of sludge to the environment mainly include deteriorating water quality, polluting soil and crops, etc.; with the improvement of people's living standards and the scale of production The harmfulness of sludge, a polluting substance, is becoming more and more obvious. Appropriate sludge treatment technology should reduce, stabilize and harmless the sludge. If it is allowed to flood, the consequences will be disastrous.
众所周知，传统的污泥的烘干方法都是烟气或者蒸汽对污泥进行烘干，烘干后气体就直接排出去，这样导致燃料利用率不高且对环境造成污染严重。As we all know, the traditional sludge drying method is to dry the sludge with flue gas or steam, and the gas is directly discharged after drying, which leads to low fuel utilization and serious pollution to the environment.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是为了解决现有技术中的不足，提供一种工艺流程简单，燃料利用率高，基本无排放，对环境污染小，烘干后的污泥含水率低的污泥的烘干方法及其烘干机。The purpose of the present invention is to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, and provide a drying process for sludge with simple process flow, high fuel utilization rate, basically no emission, little environmental pollution, and low moisture content of the dried sludge. method and its dryer.
本发明的目的是这样实现的：The purpose of the present invention is achieved like this:
一种污泥的烘干方法，该方法包括以下步骤：A method for drying sludge, the method comprising the following steps:
A：烘干：将污泥输送至烘干机的烘干筒内，在烘干机的燃烧罩内提供热源对烘干筒外壁进行加热，产生热量和烟气通过燃烧罩上的烟气回流管输送到烘干筒内部对污泥进行直接加热。A: Drying: Transport the sludge to the drying cylinder of the dryer, provide a heat source in the combustion hood of the dryer to heat the outer wall of the drying cylinder, and generate heat and flue gas to flow back through the flue gas on the combustion hood The pipe is transported to the inside of the drying cylinder to directly heat the sludge.
B：脱硫除尘：烘干筒内的烟气通过排烟管连接水膜除尘器，在水膜除尘器内进行脱硫除尘。B: Desulfurization and dust removal: the flue gas in the drying cylinder is connected to the water film dust collector through the exhaust pipe, and desulfurization and dust removal are carried out in the water film dust collector.
C：冷凝：对脱硫除尘后的气体进行冷凝，收集冷凝液。C: Condensation: Condensate the gas after desulfurization and dust removal, and collect the condensate.
D：不凝气高温消毒：不冷凝的气体再重新导回燃烧罩内，进行高温杀毒和燃烧。D: Non-condensable gas high-temperature disinfection: The non-condensable gas is then redirected back into the combustion hood for high-temperature disinfection and combustion.
所述步骤A出来后的气体进入预热烘干机的预热烘干筒内，对预热烘干筒内的污泥进行预热，步骤A出来后的气体温度有80到100摄氏度，可将预热烘干筒内的污泥加热至60到90摄氏度，预热后的气体再进行步骤B；所述烘干筒烘干结束并运出污泥后，预热烘干筒内的污泥输送回烘干筒内进行第二周期的烘干。The gas after step A comes out enters the preheating drying cylinder of the preheating dryer to preheat the sludge in the preheating drying cylinder. The temperature of the gas after step A comes out is 80 to 100 degrees Celsius, which can be Heat the sludge in the preheating drying cylinder to 60 to 90 degrees Celsius, and then proceed to step B with the preheated gas; after the drying cylinder is finished and the sludge is transported out, the sludge in the preheating drying cylinder is The mud is transported back to the drying cylinder for the second cycle of drying.
所述步骤B和步骤C之间：脱硫除尘后的气体通入气体过滤器的水中进行过滤净化后再经行冷凝。Between step B and step C: the desulfurized and dust-removed gas is passed into the water of the gas filter for filtration and purification, and then condensed.
所述步骤B和步骤C之间：脱硫除尘后的气体经过活性炭净化后再进行冷凝。Between step B and step C: the desulfurized and dust-removed gas is purified by activated carbon and then condensed.
所述步骤B和步骤C之间：脱硫除尘后的气体通入气体过滤器的水中进行过滤净化，再经过活性炭经行二次净化，最后经行冷凝。Between step B and step C: the desulfurized and dust-removed gas is passed into the water of the gas filter for filtration and purification, then passes through activated carbon for secondary purification, and finally condenses.
所述步骤C中：冷凝液包括水及少量油，水和油通过油水分离器进行油水分离。In the step C: the condensate includes water and a small amount of oil, and the water and oil are separated by an oil-water separator.
一种用于权利要求1的污泥烘干机，包括烘干筒，所述烘干筒外套设有燃烧罩并转动设置在燃烧罩内，烘干筒的一侧设置有驱动烘干筒绕自身轴线转动的动力机构；所述烘干筒上设有进料口和排烟口，所述燃烧罩上部设有出气口，燃烧罩下部设置有燃烧室，出气口通过烟气回流管通到烘干筒的进料口，所述烟气回流管的中段设有吸风机。A sludge dryer used in claim 1, comprising a drying cylinder, the outer casing of the drying cylinder is provided with a combustion hood and is rotatably arranged in the combustion hood, and one side of the drying cylinder is provided with a drive to rotate the drying cylinder A power mechanism that rotates on its own axis; the drying cylinder is provided with a feed port and a smoke exhaust port, the upper part of the combustion hood is provided with an air outlet, and the lower part of the combustion hood is provided with a combustion chamber, and the air outlet is connected to the The feed port of the drying cylinder and the middle section of the flue gas return pipe are provided with a suction fan.
所述烘干筒内设有空心主轴，空心主轴的进气端对着烟气回流管的出气端，所述空心主轴的外表面向外延伸出桨叶，桨叶与烘干筒内壁固定连接。The drying cylinder is provided with a hollow main shaft, the air inlet end of the hollow main shaft faces the air outlet end of the flue gas return pipe, the outer surface of the hollow main shaft extends outwards with paddles, and the paddles are fixedly connected with the inner wall of the drying cylinder.
所述烘干筒的内壁上成型有输料螺纹。A feeding thread is formed on the inner wall of the drying cylinder.
所述烘干筒的内壁上成型有扬料板。A lifting plate is formed on the inner wall of the drying cylinder.
本发明相比现有技术突出且有益的技术效果是：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has outstanding and beneficial technical effects as follows:
1、本发明通过烟气回流管的设计，使得燃烧罩内的热源产生的烟气和热量在对烘干筒外壁进行加热后，再通过烟气回流管将烟气导到烘干筒内，从而对烟气的热量进行二次利用，提高了燃料的利用率。1. Through the design of the flue gas return pipe, the present invention makes the flue gas and heat generated by the heat source in the combustion hood heat the outer wall of the drying cylinder, and then guide the flue gas into the drying cylinder through the flue gas return pipe, In this way, the heat of the flue gas is used twice, and the utilization rate of the fuel is improved.
2、本发明通过水膜除尘器的设计，使得燃烧产生的烟气中的尘粒被吸附，并进行脱硫，使得烟气较干净，减少对环境的污染。2. Through the design of the water film dust collector in the present invention, the dust particles in the flue gas generated by combustion are absorbed and desulfurized, so that the flue gas is cleaner and the pollution to the environment is reduced.
3、本发明通过不冷凝的气体再重新导回燃烧罩内，进行高温杀毒和燃烧的设计，从而实现无排放无污染。3. In the present invention, the non-condensable gas is redirected back into the combustion hood, and the design of high-temperature sterilization and combustion is carried out, so as to realize no emission and no pollution.
4、本发明通过预热烘干筒的设计，从而对烘干筒出来的烟气进行再次利用，对预热烘干筒内的污泥进行预热，从而提高了燃料的利用率。4. Through the design of the preheating drying cylinder, the present invention reuses the flue gas from the drying cylinder and preheats the sludge in the preheating drying cylinder, thereby improving the utilization rate of fuel.
5、本发明通过气体过滤器的设计，使得气体在排放前通过水进行再次的净化，使得烟气更干净，并提高了设备的安全性。5. Through the design of the gas filter in the present invention, the gas is purified again by water before being discharged, making the flue gas cleaner and improving the safety of the equipment.
6、本发明通过活性炭的设计，从而对气体进行再次净化和消毒。6. The present invention purifies and sterilizes the gas again through the design of activated carbon.
7、本发明通过空心主轴和桨叶的设计，使得烟气回流管中的烟气进入空心主轴内，对空心主轴和桨叶进行加热，在烘干筒转动过程中，桨叶对污泥起到搅拌的作用，使加热效果更佳，提高了燃料的利用率。7. Through the design of the hollow main shaft and paddles, the present invention allows the flue gas in the flue gas return pipe to enter the hollow main shaft to heat the hollow main shaft and the paddles. During the rotation of the drying cylinder, the paddles will have a strong impact on the sludge. To the role of stirring, the heating effect is better, and the utilization rate of fuel is improved.
8、本发明通过扬料板的设计，使得污泥能被扬料板打散，使得污泥与热气的接触面增大，从而提高了烘干效果，节省了能源消耗。8. Through the design of the lifting plate in the present invention, the sludge can be broken up by the lifting plate, so that the contact surface between the sludge and the hot air is increased, thereby improving the drying effect and saving energy consumption.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是一种污泥的烘干方法的气体流动图。Figure 1 is a gas flow diagram of a sludge drying method.
图2是一种污泥的烘干方法的污泥流动图。Fig. 2 is a sludge flow diagram of a sludge drying method.
图3是节能污泥烘干机的结构示意图之一。Fig. 3 is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the energy-saving sludge dryer.
图4是节能污泥烘干机的结构示意图之二。Fig. 4 is the second structural diagram of the energy-saving sludge dryer.
图5是进料窗打开状态的节能污泥烘干机的结构示意图。Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the energy-saving sludge dryer with the feed window open.
图6是没有空心主轴的节能污泥烘干机的内部结构图。Fig. 6 is an internal structure diagram of an energy-saving sludge dryer without a hollow main shaft.
图7是节能污泥烘干机的内部结构图。Fig. 7 is an internal structural diagram of the energy-saving sludge dryer.
图8是气体过滤器的结构示意图。Fig. 8 is a structural schematic diagram of a gas filter.
1-烘干筒；2-进料口；3-空心主轴；4-吸风机；5-燃烧罩；6-出气口；7-烟气回流管；8-排烟口；8a-排烟管；9-水膜除尘器；10-桨叶；12-输料螺纹；13-扬料板；14-燃烧室；15-电机；16-主动齿轮；17-从动齿轮；18-伸出端；19-导向轮；20-进料窗；21-气体过滤器；22-水；23-活性炭；24-进气管；25-出气管。1-drying cylinder; 2-feed inlet; 3-hollow main shaft; 4-suction fan; 5-combustion hood; 6-gas outlet; 7-flue gas return pipe; ;9-water film dust collector; 10-blade; 12-feeding thread; 13-lifting plate; 14-combustion chamber; 15-motor; 16-driving gear; 17-driven gear; 18-extending end ; 19-guide wheel; 20-feed window; 21-gas filter; 22-water; 23-activated carbon; 24-intake pipe; 25-outlet pipe.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图以具体实施例对本发明作进一步描述：The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing with specific embodiment:
一种污泥的烘干方法，该方法包括以下步骤：A method for drying sludge, the method comprising the following steps:
A：烘干：将污泥输送至烘干机的烘干筒1内，在烘干机的燃烧罩5内提供热源对烘干筒1外壁进行加热，产生热量和烟气通过燃烧罩5上的烟气回流管7输送到烘干筒1内部对污泥进行直接加热。A: Drying: Transport the sludge to the drying cylinder 1 of the dryer, provide a heat source in the combustion hood 5 of the dryer to heat the outer wall of the drying cylinder 1, and generate heat and smoke through the combustion hood 5 The flue gas return pipe 7 is transported to the inside of the drying cylinder 1 to directly heat the sludge.
B：脱硫除尘：烘干筒1内的烟气通过排烟管连接水膜除尘器9，在水膜除尘器9内进行脱硫除尘。B: Desulfurization and dust removal: the flue gas in the drying cylinder 1 is connected to the water film dust collector 9 through the exhaust pipe, and desulfurization and dust removal are performed in the water film dust collector 9 .
C：冷凝：对脱硫除尘后的气体进行冷凝，收集冷凝液,优选的，脱硫除尘后的气体通过冷却塔进行冷凝。C: Condensation: Condensate the gas after desulfurization and dust removal, and collect the condensate. Preferably, the gas after desulfurization and dust removal is condensed through a cooling tower.
D：不凝气高温消毒：不冷凝的气体再重新导回燃烧罩5内，进行高温杀毒和燃烧。D: Non-condensable gas high-temperature disinfection: the non-condensable gas is redirected back into the combustion hood 5 for high-temperature disinfection and combustion.
所述步骤A出来后的气体进入预热烘干机的预热烘干筒内，对预热烘干筒内的污泥进行预热，步骤A出来后的气体温度有80到100摄氏度，可将预热烘干筒内的污泥加热至60到90度，预热后的气体再进行步骤B；所述烘干筒烘干结束并运出污泥后，预热烘干筒内的污泥输送回烘干筒内进行第二周期的烘干。The gas after step A comes out enters the preheating drying cylinder of the preheating dryer to preheat the sludge in the preheating drying cylinder. The temperature of the gas after step A comes out is 80 to 100 degrees Celsius, which can be Heat the sludge in the preheating drying cylinder to 60 to 90 degrees, and then proceed to step B with the preheated gas; after the drying cylinder is finished and the sludge is transported out, the sludge in the preheating drying cylinder The mud is transported back to the drying cylinder for the second cycle of drying.
所述步骤B和步骤C之间：脱硫除尘后的气体通入气体过滤器的水中进行过滤净化后再经行冷凝。Between step B and step C: the desulfurized and dust-removed gas is passed into the water of the gas filter for filtration and purification, and then condensed.
所述步骤B和步骤C之间：脱硫除尘后的气体经过活性炭净化后再进行冷凝结晶。Between step B and step C: the desulfurized and dust-removed gas is purified by activated carbon and then condensed and crystallized.
所述步骤B和步骤C之间：脱硫除尘后的气体通入气体过滤器的水中进行过滤净化，再经过活性炭经行二次净化，最后经行冷凝。Between step B and step C: the desulfurized and dust-removed gas is passed into the water of the gas filter for filtration and purification, then passes through activated carbon for secondary purification, and finally condenses.
所述步骤C中：冷凝液包括水及少量油，水和油通过油水分离器进行油水分离。In the step C: the condensate includes water and a small amount of oil, and the water and oil are separated by an oil-water separator.
一种用于权利要求1的污泥烘干机，包括烘干筒1，驱动烘干筒1绕自身轴线转动的动力机构，所述烘干筒1上设有进料口2，烘干筒1外套设有燃烧罩5并转动设置在燃烧罩5内，所述燃烧罩5上设有出气口6，出气口6通过烟气回流管7通到烘干筒1的进料口2，烟气回流管7的中段设有吸风机4，所述烘干筒1上还设有排烟口8，通过这样的设计，使得燃烧罩5燃烧产生的烟气和热量在对烘干筒1外壁进行加热后，再通过烟气回流管7将烟气导到烘干筒1内，从而对烟气的热量进行二次利用，提高了燃料的利用率。A sludge dryer used in claim 1, comprising a drying cylinder 1, a power mechanism that drives the drying cylinder 1 to rotate around its own axis, the drying cylinder 1 is provided with a feed port 2, and the drying cylinder 1. The outer jacket is provided with a combustion hood 5 and is rotatably installed in the combustion hood 5. The combustion hood 5 is provided with an air outlet 6. The air outlet 6 is connected to the feed port 2 of the drying cylinder 1 through the flue gas return pipe 7, and the smoke The middle section of the gas return pipe 7 is provided with a suction fan 4, and the drying cylinder 1 is also provided with a smoke exhaust port 8. Through such a design, the smoke and heat generated by the combustion of the combustion hood 5 are directed against the outer wall of the drying cylinder 1. After heating, the flue gas is guided into the drying cylinder 1 through the flue gas return pipe 7, so that the heat of the flue gas is reused and the utilization rate of the fuel is improved.
所述烘干筒1内设有空心主轴3，空心主轴3的进气端对着烟气回流管7的出气端，所述空心主轴3的外表面向外延伸出桨叶10，桨叶10与烘干筒1内壁固定连接，桨叶10和空心主轴3跟着烘干筒1一起转动，优选的，空心主轴3安装在烘干筒1的中心位置，烟气回流管7的出气端对着空心主轴的进气端，空心主轴3的进气端和烟气回流管的出气端存有间隙，空心主轴3的出气端和和排烟管81存有间隙，通过这样的设计，使得烟气回流管7中的烟气部分进入空心主轴3内，对空心主轴3和桨叶10进行加热，在烘干筒1转动过程中，桨叶10和污泥直接接触并起到搅拌的作用，使加热效果更佳，烟气回流管7中的烟气部分直接进入烘干筒中，使得烘干筒内部温度升高，使得烘干效果更好提高了燃料的利用率。The drying cylinder 1 is provided with a hollow main shaft 3, the air inlet end of the hollow main shaft 3 faces the air outlet end of the flue gas return pipe 7, and the outer surface of the hollow main shaft 3 extends outwards from the paddle 10, and the paddle 10 and the The inner wall of the drying cylinder 1 is fixedly connected, and the paddle 10 and the hollow main shaft 3 rotate together with the drying cylinder 1. Preferably, the hollow main shaft 3 is installed at the center of the drying cylinder 1, and the outlet end of the flue gas return pipe 7 faces the hollow There is a gap between the air inlet end of the main shaft, the air inlet end of the hollow main shaft 3 and the air outlet end of the flue gas return pipe, and there is a gap between the air outlet end of the hollow main shaft 3 and the smoke exhaust pipe 81. Through this design, the flue gas can flow back The flue gas in the pipe 7 enters the hollow main shaft 3 to heat the hollow main shaft 3 and the paddle 10. During the rotation of the drying cylinder 1, the paddle 10 and the sludge directly contact and play a role in stirring, so that the heating The effect is better, the part of the flue gas in the flue gas return pipe 7 directly enters the drying cylinder, so that the internal temperature of the drying cylinder rises, so that the drying effect is better and the utilization rate of the fuel is improved.
所述桨叶10为空心设置，桨叶10的中空腔与空心主轴3的中空腔连通。The paddle 10 is hollow, and the hollow cavity of the paddle 10 communicates with the hollow cavity of the hollow main shaft 3 .
所述烟气回流管路7的中段连接有水膜除尘器9，使得燃烧产生的烟气中的尘粒被水膜吸附，使得最后排出的烟气较干净，减少对环境的污染。The middle section of the flue gas return pipeline 7 is connected with a water film dust collector 9, so that the dust particles in the flue gas generated by combustion are absorbed by the water film, so that the finally discharged flue gas is cleaner and reduces environmental pollution.
所述烘干筒1的内壁上成型有输料螺纹12。A feeding thread 12 is formed on the inner wall of the drying cylinder 1 .
所述烘干筒1的内壁上成型有扬料板13，使得污泥能被扬料板13打散，使得污泥与热气的接触面增大，从而提高了烘干效果。A lifting plate 13 is formed on the inner wall of the drying cylinder 1, so that the sludge can be dispersed by the lifting plate 13, so that the contact surface between the sludge and the hot air is increased, thereby improving the drying effect.
所述烘干筒1的进料口设有进料窗20，进料窗20上成型有与烟气回流管7相匹配的通孔，烟气回流管7的出气端伸入通孔中，送料时，可以移开烟气回流管7或拆下烟气回流管7的末端，然后打开进料窗20进行送料，对污泥烘干过程中，关闭进料窗20，使得热量的散失减少。The feed port of the drying cylinder 1 is provided with a feed window 20, and a through hole matching the flue gas return pipe 7 is formed on the feed window 20, and the outlet end of the flue gas return pipe 7 extends into the through hole. When feeding, the flue gas return pipe 7 can be removed or the end of the flue gas return pipe 7 can be removed, and then the feeding window 20 can be opened for feeding. During the sludge drying process, the feeding window 20 can be closed to reduce heat loss .
所述动力机构包括电机15以及相互啮合的主动齿轮16和从动齿轮17，主动齿轮16由电机15驱动，所述烘干筒1的两端伸出燃烧罩5，从动齿轮17固定在烘干筒1的伸出端18外壁，并与烘干筒1同轴布置。The power mechanism includes a motor 15 and a driving gear 16 and a driven gear 17 meshing with each other. The driving gear 16 is driven by the motor 15. The two ends of the drying cylinder 1 stretch out from the combustion cover 5, and the driven gear 17 is fixed on the oven. The extension end 18 of the drying cylinder 1 is arranged coaxially with the drying cylinder 1 on the outer wall.
所述烘干筒转动设置的具体结构包括设置在烘干筒1外壁的导向轮19，烘干筒1的两端伸出燃烧罩5，每一个伸出端18的烘干筒1外壁抵在两个导向轮19上，两个导向轮19以烘干筒1的轴心对称设置在烘干筒1斜下侧，另一种实施例为，在烘干筒1伸出端18的外壁上套有导向环，在相对导向环的位置的地面上设置导向轮19，导向轮19的轴向侧壁开设有与导向环相匹配的导向槽；另一种实施例为，在烘干筒1与燃烧罩5间设有轴承。The specific structure of the rotating set of the drying cylinder includes guide wheels 19 arranged on the outer wall of the drying cylinder 1, the two ends of the drying cylinder 1 protrude from the combustion cover 5, and the outer wall of the drying cylinder 1 at each protruding end 18 is against the outer wall of the drying cylinder 1. On the two guide wheels 19, the two guide wheels 19 are symmetrically arranged on the obliquely lower side of the drying cylinder 1 with respect to the axis of the drying cylinder 1. Another embodiment is that on the outer wall of the extension end 18 of the drying cylinder 1 There is a guide ring, and a guide wheel 19 is set on the ground at the position relative to the guide ring. The axial side wall of the guide wheel 19 is provided with a guide groove matching the guide ring; another embodiment is that the drying cylinder 1 Bearings are provided between the combustion cover 5.
电机15可控制主动齿轮16顺时针转动或逆时针转动，并控制烘干机1顺时针和逆时针转动，由于输料螺纹12的作用，可控制污泥前进或后退，污泥后退后就可以方便的排出污泥。The motor 15 can control the clockwise or counterclockwise rotation of the driving gear 16, and control the clockwise and counterclockwise rotation of the dryer 1. Due to the action of the feeding screw 12, it can control the sludge to move forward or backward, and the sludge can be moved backwards. Easy to discharge sludge.
本发明有工艺流程简单，燃料利用率高，基本无排放，对环境污染小，烘干后的污泥含水率低的特点。The invention has the characteristics of simple technological process, high fuel utilization rate, basically no discharge, little environmental pollution, and low moisture content of dried sludge.
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理和主要特征和本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解，本发明不受上述实施例的限制，上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下，本发明还会有各种变化和改进，这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。The basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention have been shown and described above. Those skilled in the industry should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiments. What are described in the above-mentioned embodiments and the description only illustrate the principle of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will also have Variations and improvements are possible, which fall within the scope of the claimed invention. The protection scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
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| CN109054868A (en) * | 2018-10-11 | 2018-12-21 | 陕西东鑫垣化工有限责任公司 | Semi-coke device flue gas purification system |
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| CN102976575A (en) * | 2012-11-29 | 2013-03-20 | 广州市越堡水泥有限公司 | Sludge treatment system and method in cement kiln |
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