CN105347475B - A kind of symmetrical built-in anaerobic membrane bioreactor - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a symmetrical built-in anaerobic membrane bioreactor, which includes a shell, and the inside of the shell is divided into a packing area and a membrane area by a partition, and a packing is arranged in the packing area, and a sieve hole is arranged above the packing Feed water distributor, waste water flows through the filler and then enters the membrane area, the membrane area is provided with a baffle plate, the membrane area is divided into a circulation area and a mud-water separation area by the baffle plate, and the mud-water separation area is equipped with The membrane module is provided with a perforated aeration pipe under the membrane module, and a water outlet pipe is arranged on the upper side of the membrane module. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, convenient maintenance, uniform water distribution, low energy consumption, high treatment efficiency, fast reaction rate, effective delay of membrane fouling, effective retention of granular sludge, and high integration of anaerobic reactor and membrane module.

Description

A symmetrical built-in anaerobic membrane bioreactor

technical field

The invention relates to a symmetrical built-in anaerobic membrane bioreactor, which belongs to the technical field of wastewater biological treatment.

Background technique

According to the "2014 China Environmental Status Bulletin", in 2014, the total discharge of chemical oxygen demand (COD) from industrial sources in wastewater was as high as 3.113 million tons (accounting for 13.57% of the total discharge), and the total discharge of ammonia nitrogen was as high as 232,000 tons (9.73% of total emissions). The main pollutants in industrial sources are high-concentration organic wastewater, which is an important cause of the deterioration of the quality of rivers, lakes and seas, so its effective treatment is imminent.

Since Lettinga et al. invented the second-generation anaerobic reactor represented by the upflow anaerobic sludge bed (UASB) in 1974, the anaerobic granular sludge expanded bed (EGSB) and the anaerobic internal circulation reactor (IC) are Since the representative third-generation anaerobic reactor, productive anaerobic reactors have been widely used. However, when the anaerobic reactor is running at high load, the built-in three-phase separator is still not enough for the separation of mud and water, and the problem of washing out of functional bacteria is prone to occur.

Membrane separation technology can realize the separation and concentration of mud-water mixture under a certain driving force, so as to effectively retain functional bacteria. It is an important part of the wastewater treatment field and has very broad application and development prospects. In the 1970s, Grethlein and others introduced membrane modules into the anaerobic treatment system, which made the anaerobic biotechnology and membrane technology highly integrated, resulting in the anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR). At present abroad, Dorr-Oliver has developed the AnMBR treatment process called MARS. This technology is applied to the treatment of high-concentration dairy sewage, and the treatment effect is good. At the same time, South Africa named anaerobic digestion and filtration, and an anaerobic treatment system for treating high-concentration organic industrial wastewater was built and put into operation. Domestically, there are submerged biaxial rotating anaerobic membrane bioreactors and AnMBRs composed of typical anaerobic reactors and membrane modules, such as internal circulation anaerobic membrane bioreactors. However, traditional anaerobic membrane bioreactors not only consume high energy, but also have problems such as membrane fouling and unsatisfactory mass transfer effects, which have not been effectively resolved.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a symmetrical built-in anaerobic membrane bioreactor for efficient treatment of organic wastewater to solve the problems of serious membrane pollution, uneven mass transfer and uneven water output in the combination of anaerobic biological treatment process and membrane separation technology. stability issues.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a symmetrical built-in anaerobic membrane bioreactor, comprising a casing, the interior of the casing is divided into a packing area and a membrane area by a partition, and packing is provided in the packing area, and the packing There is a sieve feed water distributor on the top, and the waste water flows into the membrane area after passing through the filler. The membrane area is equipped with a baffle plate, and the baffle plate divides the membrane area into a circulation area and a mud-water separation area. The mud-water separation area is equipped with a membrane module, the perforated aeration pipe is arranged under the membrane module, and the outlet pipe is arranged on the upper side of the membrane module.

Preferably, the membrane area is arranged symmetrically on both sides of the packing area.

Preferably, the outlet pipe on the upper side of the membrane module is sequentially connected to a vacuum negative pressure gauge and a suction pump through a water pipe.

Preferably, the membrane module is close to the side wall of the reactor.

Preferably, the circulation area is close to the packing area.

Preferably, the shell includes a bottom plate, a rectangular column is arranged on the bottom plate, a slant plate is provided between the bottom plate and the rectangular column, a reinforcing rib is provided between the bottom plate and the slant plate, and a mud discharge is provided at the bottom of the rectangular column. mouth.

More preferably, the horizontal inclination angle α of the inclined plate is between 45° and 70°,

More preferably, the mud outlet is located above the bottom plate and below the perforated aeration pipe.

More preferably, the aspect ratio of the rectangular column is between 2-6.

Preferably, the housing is provided with a cover, and the cover is provided with a handle.

More preferably, there is a gas collection chamber between the liquid surface of the membrane and the cover plate, the gas collection chamber communicates with the packing area through the air pressure balance hole arranged on the partition, and the gas collection chamber is connected to the gas circulation pump through the gas circulation pipe , the gas circulation pump is connected to the gas rotameter through the pipeline, and the gas rotameter is connected to the perforated aeration pipe through the pipeline.

More preferably, an air collecting pipe is arranged on the cover plate.

More preferably, the cover plate is divided into a first cover plate and a second cover plate, the first cover plate is located above the filling area, the second cover plate is located above the membrane area, and the top of the shell and the top of the partition are provided with a liquid tank, the liquid tank is provided with clear water, and the liquid tank is located around the first cover plate and the second cover plate and between the first cover plate and the second cover plate, The tank has an emptying port.

More preferably, handles are provided on the first cover and the second cover.

Preferably, a liquid level gauge is arranged inside the housing.

Preferably, the upper part of the baffle is placed vertically, and the angle θ between the lower part and the vertical direction is between 40° and 70°.

Preferably, the membrane module is a flat membrane module.

Preferably, the perforated aeration pipe is placed perpendicular to the lower line of the membrane module.

The present invention utilizes the combination of the two-stage theory of biological anaerobic digestion (hydrolysis acidification stage and hydrogen production and methane production stage) and the principle of membrane separation, integrates hydraulics, microbiology, bioreactor engineering and membrane separation technology, and solves the problem of anaerobic digestion. The coupling between the reactor and the membrane module and membrane fouling have the advantages of fast reaction rate, high reaction efficiency, strong retention of functional sludge, and convenient operation and maintenance.

The sieve feed water distributor in the packing area has the function of feeding water distribution. The water distributor has the characteristics of uniform water distribution, simple structure, and convenient maintenance; On the surface, it plays the role of enhancing mass transfer and immobilizing microorganisms (maintaining the relative stability of the functional flora); the membrane area is provided with baffles, and the space division of the baffles plays the role of extending the mass transfer path; the flat membrane The perforated aeration tube under the module forms a gas-liquid mixture, which forms a fully mixed flow with the circulation area. The filler in the packing area strengthens the push flow state in the reaction area, so that the overall flow state of the reactor is a push flow in the packing area and a full mixed flow in the membrane area. series.

The outside of the reactor is sucked by a suction pump to form negative pressure outlet water. At the same time, a gas circulation pump is set to aerate and scour the surface of the membrane, and the aeration intensity is adjusted by a gas rotameter.

The present invention combines the features of plug flow and fully mixed flow reactors. The present invention sets fillers and membrane modules to form the filler area and the membrane area respectively. The fillers are arranged to make the feed liquid in a shorter path, prolong the contact time with microorganisms, and While enhancing the effect of retaining sludge, the functional flora is relatively fixed and does not participate in the circulation, and "push flow in the filling area" is realized. Membrane modules can effectively retain granular sludge, and baffles are set in the middle of the membrane area to achieve "full mixed flow in the membrane area" due to the action of gravity. The aeration at the bottom of the membrane modules increases the degree of turbulence and delays membrane fouling. At the same time, the reactor adopts the method of uniform water inflow from the upper end, and the water inflow can realize self-flow, without the need for water pumps to reduce energy consumption.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1) The sieve feeding water distributor integrates the functions of feeding and water distribution, with simple structure, uniform water distribution, not easy to block, strong hydraulic impact resistance, convenient maintenance and other comprehensive performances; the reactor adopts the method of uniform water inlet from the upper end, The water can flow by itself, without the need for water pumps to reduce energy consumption;

2) The membrane area is symmetrically distributed on both sides of the packing area, and can be operated alternately on one side or at the same time on both sides. While improving the separation efficiency, it reduces the risk of stopping due to failure;

3) The mud discharge port is near the inclined plate at the bottom of the reactor, which can not only achieve the purpose of mud discharge, but also play the role of emptying port;

4) A slope is set at the bottom of the reactor, which is beneficial to reduce the dead zone of sludge;

5) The hydrolysis and acidification area in the middle of the reactor is equipped with fillers. While enhancing the effect of retaining sludge, the functional bacteria are relatively fixed and do not participate in the circulation, so as to realize "push flow in the filler area"; the membrane area is provided with an aeration tube under the membrane module. A gas-liquid mixed state is formed. While the circulation area prolongs the wastewater treatment path, the liquid in the membrane area realizes "full mixed flow in the membrane area" due to gravity;

6) An aeration tube is installed under the membrane module to reduce the degree and frequency of membrane fouling by using the shear force formed by aeration and scouring; a gas rotameter is installed to adjust the aeration intensity during the gas circulation process;

7) The cover plate on the top of the rectangular cylinder adopts the form of being buckled in the liquid tank, which makes the maintenance and assembly of the internal parts of the reactor convenient under the premise of ensuring the sealing performance;

8) The reactor has simple processing, convenient installation, compact structure, no three-phase separator, high integration, and obvious advantages of integration.

The invention is suitable for the treatment of medium and high concentration organic wastewater.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the symmetrical built-in anaerobic membrane bioreactor provided by the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a sectional view of plane A-A in Fig. 1 .

detailed description

Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further illustrate the present invention. It should be understood that these examples are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, it should be understood that after reading the teachings of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the appended claims of the present application.

Example 1

As shown in Figure 1, the symmetric built-in anaerobic membrane bioreactor of the present invention comprises shell, and described shell interior is divided into filling area I and film area II by dividing plate, and packing area I and film area II are respectively used to realize Hydrolysis and acidification stage and hydrogen and methane production stage. The membrane zone II is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the filler zone I.

Filler 27 is provided in the filler area I, and a sieve feed water distributor 16 is arranged above the filler 27. Waste water flows through the filler 27 and enters the membrane area II. A baffle plate 24 is provided in the membrane area II. The upper part of the baffle plate 24 is placed vertically, and the included angle θ between the lower part and the vertical direction is 60°. The baffle plate 24 divides the membrane zone II into a circulation zone 23 and a mud-water separation zone 22, the circulation zone 23 is close to the packing zone I, and the mud-water separation zone 22 is provided with a membrane module 6, and the membrane module 6 is close to the reactor On the side wall, the perforated aeration pipe 5 is set under the membrane module 6, and the water outlet pipe 7 is arranged on the upper side of the membrane module 6, and the water outlet pipe on the upper side of the membrane module 6 is connected to the vacuum negative pressure gauge 9 and the suction pump 8 in turn through the water pipe . The membrane module 6 is a flat membrane module. The perforated aeration pipe 5 is placed perpendicular to the lower line of the membrane module 6 .

The shell includes a bottom plate 1 on which a rectangular column 26 is arranged, and the aspect ratio of the rectangular column 26 is between 4 and 4. A slant plate 3 is arranged between the bottom plate 1 and the rectangular cylinder 26, the horizontal inclination angle α of the said slant plate 3 is 60°, a reinforcing rib 2 is arranged between the bottom plate 1 and the slant plate 3, and the bottom of the rectangular cylinder 26 There is a mud discharge port 4. The mud outlet 4 is located near the inclined plate 3, above the bottom plate 1, and below the perforated aeration tube 5.

The shell is provided with a cover plate 13 . The cover plate 13 is provided with an air collecting pipe 18 . Between the liquid level of the membrane zone II and the cover plate 13 is the gas collection chamber 12, the gas collection chamber 12 communicates with the packing area I through the air pressure balance hole 17 located on the dividing plate, and the gas collection chamber 12 passes through the gas circulation pipe 20 is connected to the gas circulation pump 21, the gas circulation pump 21 is connected to the gas rotameter 25 through the pipeline, and the gas rotameter 25 is connected to the perforated aeration pipe 5 through the pipeline.

As shown in Figure 2, the cover plate 13 is divided into a first cover plate and a second cover plate, the first cover plate is located above the filling area I, and the second cover plate is located above the film area II, Both the top of the housing and the top of the partition are provided with a liquid tank 11, the liquid tank 11 is provided with clear water 15, and the liquid tank 11 is located around the first cover plate and the second cover plate and the first cover Between the plate and the second cover, the tank 11 has an emptying opening 10 . The liquid tank 11 supports the upper cover plate 13, and utilizes the internal clear water 15 to realize the purpose of liquid sealing. Both the first cover and the second cover are provided with handles 14 . A liquid level gauge 19 is arranged in the shell.

The mode of operation of the present invention is as follows:

The organic waste water is fed into the water distributor 16 through the sieve holes, and evenly enters the filling area I from the upper end of the middle part of the reactor. The feed material first flows through the filler 27 from the sieve feed water distributor 16 (the generated gas enters the gas collection chamber 12 of the membrane zone II through the air pressure balance hole 17, and is collected by the gas collection pipe 18 or circulated and aerated by the gas circulation pipe 20) , after flowing out of the filler, bypass the membrane zone II baffle plate 24 and enter the mud-water separation zone 22, and circulate in the mud-water separation zone 22 and circulation zone 23 due to gravity, and the clean water finally passes through the suction negative pressure generated by the suction pump 8 and passes through the membrane Water is discharged from the module 6 (the generated biogas enters the gas collection chamber 12 and is collected through the gas collection pipe 18 of the membrane area II or circulated and aerated by the gas circulation pipe 20), the gas circulation pump 21 outside the reactor aerates and scours the surface of the membrane, and passes through the gas rotor The flow meter 25 adjusts the aeration intensity.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of symmetrical built-in anaerobic membrane bioreactor, including shell, described shell include bottom plate（1）, bottom plate（1）On Provided with rectangular cylinder（26）, bottom plate（1）And rectangular cylinder（26）Between be provided with swash plate（3）, bottom plate（1）With swash plate（3）Between set There is reinforcement（2）, rectangular cylinder（26）Bottom be provided with mud discharging mouth（4）；Described enclosure is divided into packing area by dividing plate （Ⅰ）With film area（Ⅱ）, described film area（Ⅱ）It is arranged symmetrically in packing area（Ⅰ）Both sides；The packing area（Ⅰ）It is interior to be provided with filler （27）, filler（27）Top is provided with sieve aperture charging water-locator（16）, waste water flows through filler（27）Enter film area afterwards（Ⅱ）, it is described Film area（Ⅱ）It is interior to be provided with deflection plate（24）, described deflection plate（24）By film area（Ⅱ）It is divided into race way（23）And mud-water separation Area（22）, mud-water separating area（22）Provided with membrane module（6）, membrane module（6）Divide into boring aeration pipe（5）, membrane module（6）Upside is set There is outlet pipe（7）.

2. symmetrical built-in anaerobic membrane bioreactor as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described membrane module（6） The outlet pipe of upside is sequentially connected negative pressure of vacuum table by water pipe（9）And suction pump（8）.

3. symmetrical built-in anaerobic membrane bioreactor as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described shell is provided with Cover plate（13）, described cover plate（13）It is provided with handle（14）.

4. symmetrical built-in anaerobic membrane bioreactor as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that described film area（Ⅱ）'s Liquid level and cover plate（13）Between be collection chamber（12）, collection chamber（12）Pass through the air equalizer opening on dividing plate（17）And filler Area（Ⅰ）Connection, collection chamber（12）Pass through gas circulating tube（20）Connect gas circulator（21）, gas circulator（21）Pass through pipe Road connects gas rotameter（25）, gas rotameter（25）Boring aeration pipe is connected by pipeline（5）.

5. symmetrical built-in anaerobic membrane bioreactor as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that described cover plate（13）On Provided with discharge（18）.

6. symmetrical built-in anaerobic membrane bioreactor as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that described cover plate（13）Point For the first cover plate and the second cover plate, the first described cover plate is located at packing area（Ⅰ）Top, the second described cover plate are located at film area （Ⅱ）Top, described housing top end and dividing plate top are equipped with liquid bath（11）, described liquid bath（11）It is interior to be provided with clear water（15）, Described liquid bath（11）Between the surrounding and the first cover plate and the second cover plate of the first cover plate and the second cover plate, liquid bath（11） With emptying mouth（10）.

7. symmetrical built-in anaerobic membrane bioreactor as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described membrane module（6） For plate film assembly.

8. symmetrical built-in anaerobic membrane bioreactor as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described boring aeration pipe （5）Perpendicular to membrane module（6）Lower sideline place.