CN105343866A - 一种用于治疗寒饮咳嗽的中药片剂及制备方法 - Google Patents
一种用于治疗寒饮咳嗽的中药片剂及制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种用于治疗寒饮咳嗽的中药片剂及制备方法,属中药领域。本发明药物有效成分的原料组成为:龙眼肉、大枣、葶苈子、桂枝、山药、五味子、肉桂、天花粉、白术、水茴香、茯苓、白芥子、白芍、半夏、麻黄、顺江木、党参、紫菀、款冬花、薄荷、紫苏叶、干姜、甘草、细辛。本发明组方精到,依君臣佐使之理,选用药材药性相适相辅,针对病因对症下药,有温肾助阳、健脾利湿、宣肺止咳、温肺化饮、祛风散寒、祛痰平喘、宁心安神之功效,吸收效果好,疗效显著,无毒副作用及临床不良反应,经临床验证对寒饮咳嗽治愈率较高。
Description
所属技术领域
本发明涉及中药领域,尤其涉及一种用于治疗寒饮咳嗽的中药片剂及制备方法。
背景技术
寒饮咳嗽是中医名词,主要指一受寒就咳嗽,是因为脾肺区域有水饮,这些水的存在,一受寒就会刺激肺部产生咳嗽现象,有些人肺因为水饮阻断了脾输送津液给肺,但是一边水饮存在引起寒咳嗽,而肺这里却是热咳嗽,无痰或者少痰,这样的咳嗽是混杂的,当肺出现热干枯现象,还可以吸收掉大肠的水分,造成大便的干燥。
西医对于寒饮咳嗽尚无特效用药,通常按咳嗽对症治疗,多予以输液或服用止咳类药物进行治疗。输液的办法,可以使得肺部暂时润泽,并消除炎症,期间症状缓和,但是水饮并没有消除,反而可能加重,因为这些冷水输入人体需要消耗更多的体能(阳气)来处理它们,并排泄出去,无法排泄干净的话,就会造成水饮量的进一步增加,水饮存在,从而更加容易受寒咳嗽,并引发炎症。因此寒饮咳嗽通常不采用西医治疗方法。
对于寒饮咳嗽来说中医治疗效果更好,祖国医学早在内经己提及咳嗽,应补充阳气,驱除阴邪,温阳化气,气化水行,使阳气畅旺,从而恢复肺脏的宣发肃降的功能。这提示寒邪是影响肺脏宣降功能主要因素,故在寒饮咳嗽治疗中,在宣肺止咳的基础上,加之温肺化饮,祛风散寒可能提高治疗寒饮咳嗽的成功率,提高治疗效果。本发明所述的药物通过长期临床验证中总结配置而成,针对病因对症下药,具有温肾助阳、健脾利湿、宣肺止咳、温肺化饮、祛风散寒、祛痰平喘、宁心安神之功效,吸收效果好,疗效显著,无毒副作用及临床不良反应,经临床验证对寒饮咳嗽治愈率较高。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种用于治疗寒饮咳嗽的中药片剂及制备方法,具有温肾助阳、健脾利湿、宣肺止咳、温肺化饮、祛风散寒、祛痰平喘、宁心安神之功效,治病求源标本兼治,对于治疗寒饮咳嗽具有很好的疗效。
为实现上述目的,本发明的技术方案实施如下:
一种用于治疗寒饮咳嗽的中药片剂,制成所述药物有效成分的原料组成及重量份数为:
龙眼肉65~80份大枣62~77份葶苈子59~73份桂枝56~70份
山药53~67份五味子50~64份肉桂47~61份天花粉44~58份
白术43~54份水茴香40~50份茯苓37~46份白芥子33~43份
白芍30~40份半夏27~37份麻黄24~34份顺江木21~30份
党参18~27份紫菀15~24份款冬花12~21份薄荷10~18份
紫苏叶8~15份干姜6~12份甘草3~9份细辛1~6份。
制成所述药物有效成分的原料组成及重量份数为:
龙眼肉68~77份大枣65~74份葶苈子62~70份桂枝59~67份
山药56~64份五味子53~61份肉桂50~58份天花粉47~55份
白术46~51份水茴香43~47份茯苓40~44份白芥子35~40份
白芍33~37份半夏30~35份麻黄27~31份顺江木24~27份
党参20~24份紫菀17~21份款冬花15~19份薄荷12~16份
紫苏叶10~13份干姜8~10份甘草5~7份细辛2~5份。
制成所述药物有效成分的原料组成及重量份数为:
龙眼肉73份大枣70份葶苈子67份桂枝64份
山药60份五味子57份肉桂54份天花粉51份
白术48份水茴香45份茯苓42份白芥子38份
白芍35份半夏32份麻黄29份顺江木26份
党参22份紫菀19份款冬花17份薄荷14份
紫苏叶11份干姜9份甘草6份细辛3份。
一种用于治疗寒饮咳嗽的中药片剂的制备方法,包括以下工艺步骤:
(1)将龙眼肉、大枣、桂枝、肉桂、水茴香、半夏、顺江木、紫菀、薄荷、紫苏叶、干姜、甘草洗净、晾干后混合均匀,放入容器中,在容器中加入6~8倍量的水,加热煮沸3~4小时,冷却后取浸液;在剩余的药渣中再加入4~6倍量的水,加热煮沸2~3小时,冷却后浸液;合并两次所得浸液,加热,蒸发浓缩为相对密度1.10~1.20的稠膏,备用;
(2)将葶苈子、五味子、天花粉、茯苓、白芍、党参、款冬花、细辛放入容器中,加入3~5倍量的绍兴黄酒,煮沸后放凉,继续浸泡3~4小时,取浸液;在剩余的药渣中再加入2~3倍量的绍兴黄酒,煮沸后放晾,继续浸泡2~3小时,取浸液;合并两次所得浸液,加蒸蒸发浓缩为相对密度1.15~1.25的稠膏,备用;
(3)先将麸皮均匀撒布于热锅内,俟烟起,加入山药片拌炒至淡黄色为度,取出,筛去麸皮,放凉,晒干,粉碎研末,过120目细筛,得细粉,备用;
(4)将白术放入铁锅中,文火微炒,炒至表皮变黄后,喷洒即墨老酒,继续炒至表皮焦黄后,取出放凉,粉碎研末,过120目细筛,得细粉,备用;
(5)取白芥子洗净切片,加定量的米醋拌匀,闷润至醋被吸尽后,置炒制容器内,用文火加热炒干,取出晾凉,筛去碎屑,粉碎研末,过120目细筛,得细粉,备用;
(6)将麻黄洗净晾干,加入炼熟的蜂蜜与少许开水,拌匀后稍闷,炒至黄色至深黄色,不粘手时取出,烘干粉碎研末,过120目细筛,得细粉,备用;
(7)将步骤(1)、步骤(2)所得的稠膏,与步骤(3)、步骤(4)、步骤(5)、步骤(6)中所得的细粉混合,加入炼蜜后混合均匀后,冻干,磨粉,以现代科技工艺制备为每粒0.15g的片剂。
本发明所用中药的药性如下:
龙眼肉:味甘;性温。入心;肾;肝;脾经。补心脾;益气血;安心神。主治心脾两虚、气血不足所致的惊悸;怔忡;失眠;健忘;血虚萎黄;月经不调;崩漏。《得配本草》载:“益脾胃,葆心血,润五脏,治怔忡。”现代医学研究证实,龙眼肉对心肌遭受低温、高温和缺氧刺激有明显的保护作用,对奥杜盎氏小芽胞癣菌有抑制作用,此外还有镇静和健胃作用。
大枣:味甘;温。归脾;胃经。补脾胃;益气血;安心神;调营卫;和药性。主治脾胃虚弱;气血不足;食少便溏;倦怠乏力;心悸失眠;妇人脏躁;营卫不和。《本草汇言》:沈氏曰,此药甘润膏凝,善补阴阳、气血、津液、脉络、筋俞、骨髓,一切虚损,无不宜之。如龙谭方治惊悸怔忡,健忘恍惚,志意昏迷,精神不守,或中气不和,饮食无味,百体懒重,肌肉瘦,此属心、脾二藏元神亏损之证,必用大枣治之。佐用陈皮,调畅中脘虚滞之痰。
葶苈子:味辛;苦;性寒。入肺;心;肝;胃;膀胱经。泻肺降气;祛痰平喘;利水消肿;泄逐邪。主治痰涎壅肺之喘咳痰多;肺痈;水肿;胸腹积水;小便不利;慢性肺源性心脏病;心力衰竭之喘肿;瘰疬结核。《别录》载:“下膀胱水,伏留热气,皮间邪水上出,面目浮肿,身暴中风热痱痒,利小腹。”现代医学研究证实,葶苈子具有显著的强心作用,加强心收缩,减慢心率,阻滞心传导,降低静脉压,此外还有利尿作用。
桂枝:味辛;甘;性温。入膀胱;心;肺经。散寒解表;温通经脉;通阳化气。主治风寒表证;寒湿痹痛;四肢厥冷;经闭痛经;癓瘕结块;胸痹;心悸;痰饮;小便不利。《长沙药解》载:“入肝家而行血分,定经络而达荣郁。善解风邪,最调木气。升清阳之脱陷,降浊阴之冲逆,舒筋脉之急挛;利关节之壅阻。入肝胆而散遏抑,极止痛楚,通经络而开痹涩,甚去湿寒。能止奔豚,更安惊悸。”现代医学研究证实,桂枝能有效扩张血管、促进发汗,所含的桂皮醛、桂皮酸钠有解热、镇痛、镇静、抗惊厥作用,此外桂枝还有抗菌、抗病毒的功效。
山药:味甘;性平。入肺;脾;肾经。补脾;养肺;固肾;益精。主治脾虚泄泻;食少浮肿;肺虚咳喘;消渴;遗精;带下;肾虚尿频;外用治痈肿;瘰疬。《本草正》载:“山药,能健脾补虚,滋精固肾,治诸虚百损,疗五劳七伤。”现代医学研究证实,山药能降低血糖,调节机体对非特异刺激反应性,有效对抗环磷酰胺的抑制免疫作用,刺激小肠运动,促进肠道内容物排空,此外还能助消化、止泻、祛痰。
五味子:味辛;苦;性温。收敛固涩;益气生津;补肾宁心;祛风利湿;理气活血。主治风湿骨痛;跌打损伤;胃痛;月经不调;肾炎。《本经》载:“主益气,咳逆上气,劳伤羸度,补不足,强阴。”现代医学研究证实,五味子含有丰富的有机酸、维生素、类黄酮、植物固醇及有强效复原作用的木酚素,它也是兼具精、气、神三大补益的少数药材之一,能益气强肝、增进细胞排除废物的效率、供应更多氧气、营造和运用能量、提高记忆力及性持久力。
肉桂:味辛;苦;性热。入肾;脾;心;肝经。补火助阳;引火归源;散寒止痛;温经通脉。主治肾阳不足;命门火;畏寒肢冷;腰膝酸软;阳痿遗精;小便不利或频数;短气喘促;浮肿尿少诸证;命门火衰;火不归源;戴阳;格阳;及上热下寒;面赤足冷;头晕耳鸣;口舌糜破;脾肾虚寒;脘腹冷痛;食减便溏;肾虚腰痛;寒湿痹痛;寒疝疼痛;宫冷不孕;痛经经闭;产后瘀滞腹痛;阴疽流注;或虚寒痈疡脓成不溃;或溃后不敛。《药性论》载:“主治九种心痛,杀三虫,主破血,通利月闭,治软脚,痹、不仁,胞衣不下,除咳逆,结气、拥痹,止腹内冷气,痛不可忍,主下痢,鼻息肉。杀草木毒。”现代医学研究证实,肉桂含有肉桂醛、醋酸肉桂酯、醋酸苯基丙酪等成分,具有芳香健胃、解热镇痛、抗菌消炎的作用。
天花粉:味甘;微苦;性微寒。归肺;胃经。清热生津;润肺化痰;消肿排脓。主治热病口渴;消渴多饮;肺热燥咳;疮疡肿毒。《本经逢原》载:“降膈上热痰,润心中烦渴,除时疾狂热,祛酒瘅湿黄,治痈疡解毒排脓。”现代医学研究证实,天花粉富含天花粉蛋白,有免疫刺激和免疫抑制作用,抑制病毒复制繁衍,减少免疫细胞中受病毒感染的活细胞数,能降低血糖活性,对溶血性链球菌、肺炎双球菌、白喉杆菌有一定的抑制作用。
白术:味苦;甘;性温。归脾;胃经。健脾益气;燥湿利水;止汗;安胎。主治脾气虚弱;神疲乏力;食少腹胀;大便溏薄;水饮内停;小便不利;水肿;痰饮眩晕;湿痹酸痛;气虚自汗;胎动不安。《本经逢原》载:“术,生用有除湿益燥,消痰利水,治风寒湿痹,死肌痉疸,散腰脐间血,及冲脉为病,逆气里急之功;制熟则有和中补气,止渴生津,止汗除热,进饮食,安胎之效。”现代医学研究证实,白术有强壮和提高机体抗病能力的作用,增强网状内皮系统的吞噬功能,增强白细胞吞噬金黄色葡萄球菌的功能,对白细胞减少症有升白作用,提高淋巴细胞转化率,促进细胞免疫功能,对金黄色葡萄球菌、溶血性链球菌、绿色链球菌、肺炎球菌、脑膜炎球菌、白喉杆菌、枯草杆菌有不同程度的抑制作用,对絮状表皮癣菌、星形奴卡菌、堇色毛癣菌、同心性毛癣菌等皮肤真菌有一定的抑制作用。
水茴香:味辛;甘;性温。归肺;脾;胃经。健脾利湿;理气化痰。主治水肿;胃痛;胸腹胀满;咳嗽;小儿乳积;疮疖。《南宁市药物志》:"燥湿去痰,消肿止痛,杀虫解毒。治气喘咳嗽,小儿奶瘕,疮疖,蛇伤,胃寒痛。"
茯苓:味甘;淡;性平。入心;脾;肺;肾经。渗湿利水;健脾和胃;宁心安神。主治小便不利;水肿胀满;痰饮咳逆;呕吐;脾虚食少;泄渲;心悸不安;失眠健忘;遗精白浊。《别录》载:“止消渴,好睡,大腹,淋沥,膈中痰水,水肿淋结。开胸腑,调脏气,伐肾邪,长阴,益气力,保神守中。”现代医学研究证实,茯苓对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、变形杆菌等均有抑制作用,能杀死钩端螺旋体等细菌,对消化系统、血液系统及中枢神经系统具有一定的保护作用,此外茯苓聚糖含量很高,可抗肿瘤活性。
白芥子:味辛;性温。入肺;肝;脾;胃;心包经。利气豁痰,温中散寒,通络止痛。治痰饮咳喘,胸胁胀满疼痛,反胃呕吐,中风不语,肢体痹痛麻木,脚气,阴疽,肿毒,跌打肿痛。《纲目》载:”利气豁痰;除寒暖中;散肿止痛。治喘嗽反胃;痹木脚气;筋骨腰节诸痛。“现代医学研究证实,白芥子有显著的抗刺激、抗菌作用,增加支气管分泌活性,祛痰。
白芍:味苦;性平。入肝;脾经。养血柔肝,缓中止痛;敛阴收汗。主治胸腹胁肋疼痛,泻痢腹痛,自汗盗汗,阴虚发热。《别录》载:“通顺血脉,缓中,散恶血,逐贼血,去水气,利膀胱、大小肠,消痈肿,治时行寒热,中恶腹痛,腰痛。”现代医学研究证实,白芍能调节免疫,增强巨噬细胞和白细胞的吞噬功能,调节T淋巴细胞和体液的免疫功能,有保肝、解痉、镇痛、镇静、抗凉、降温作用,此外还对平滑肌有抑制作用,增强耐缺氧、抗氧化和抗疲劳的作用。
半夏:味辛;性温;微寒。入脾;胃经。燥湿化痰;降逆止哎;消痞散结;外消痈肿。《别录》载:“消痈肿,疗萎黄,悦泽面目。”现代医学研究证实,半夏具有显著的镇咳作用,能抑制腺体的分泌,抑制胰蛋白酶的水解,此外还有降压、凝血、促进细胞分裂的作用。
麻黄:味辛;微苦;性温。归肺;膀胱经。发汗解表;宣肺平喘;利水消肿。主治风寒表实证;恶寒发热;无汗;头痛身疼;邪壅于肺;肺气不宣;咳嗽气喘;风水肿;小便不利;风湿痹痛;肌肤不仁以及风疹瘙痒;阴疽痰核。《本经》载:“主中风、伤寒头痛,温疟。发表出汗,去邪热气,止咳逆上气,除寒热,破坚积聚。”现代医学研究表明,麻黄所含的麻黄碱能间接发挥类肾上腺素的作用,增强心肌收缩力,扩张冠脉、脑、肌肉血管,收缩肾、脾等内脏和皮肤、粘膜血管,升高血压,松驰支气管和胃肠道平滑肌,增加膀胱三角肌和括约肌的张力,能使疲劳的骨骼肌紧张度显著而持久地升高,此外还有发汗解热、抗菌、抗病毒、抗过敏、免疫、镇咳、平喘、祛痰、利尿作用。
顺江木:味辛;性温。归肝;肾经。祛风散寒,温中止痛;舒筋活络。主治风寒感冒;胃脘寒痛;风湿痹痛;跌打损伤;外伤出血;疮疖肿毒。
党参:味甘;性平。归脾;肺经。健脾补肺;益气生津。主治脾胃虚弱;食少便溏;四肢乏力;肺虚喘咳;气短自汗;气血两亏诸证。《德配本草》载:“清肺金,补元气,开声音,助筋力。”现代医学研究证实,党参能调节胃肠运动、抗溃疡、增强免疫功能,对兴奋和抑制两种神经过程都有影响,能升高红细胞、血红蛋白、网织红细胞,还有延缓衰老和抗氧化、抗辐射、降压的作用。
紫菀:味苦;辛;性温。归肺经。润肺下气;化痰止咳。主治咳嗽;肺虚劳嗽;肺痿肺痈;咳吐脓血;小便不利。《本草再新》:润肺下气、寒痰及虚喘者宜之。
款冬花:味辛;微甘;性温。归肺经。润肺下气;化痰止咳。主治新久咳嗽;气喘;劳嗽咳血。《药性论》载:“主疗肺气心促,急热乏劳,咳连不绝,涕唾稠粘。治肺痿肺痈吐脓。”现代医学研究证实,款冬花有明显的镇咳、祛痰和平喘作用,能提高呼吸系统的兴奋度,对血小板活化因子引起的血小板聚集有抑制作用,款冬花醚提取液有支气管舒张作用。
薄荷:味辛;微苦;性平。入肺经。疏风解表;宣肺止咳。主治感冒;咳嗽;百日咳;外障目翳;水火烫伤。《天宝本草》载:“散寒清火,发表散寒,宣肺止咳,治风寒咳嗽,诸疼。”现代医学研究表明,薄荷所含的薄荷脑和薄荷素油具有特殊的芒香、辛辣感和凉感,广泛用于驱风、防腐、消炎、镇痛、止痒、健胃等药品,有发散风热,清利咽喉,透疹解毒,疏肝解郁和止痒等功效。
紫苏叶:味辛;性温。归肺;脾;胃经。散寒解表;宣肺化痰;行气和中;安胎;角鱼蟹毒。用于风寒表证;咳嗽痰多;脆胀满;恶心呕吐;腹痛吐泻;胎气不和;妊娠恶阴;食鱼蟹中毒。《纲目》:紫苏,近世要药也。其味辛,入气分,其色紫,入血分。故同橘皮、砂仁,则行气安安胎;同藿香、乌药,则温中止痛;同香附、麻黄,则发汗解肌;同芎、当归,则和血、散血;同木瓜、厚朴,则散湿解暑,治霍乱脚气;同桔梗、枳壳,则利膈宽肠;同杏仁、莱菔子,则消痰定喘。
干姜:味辛;性热。归脾;胃;心;肺经。温中散寒;回阳通脉;温肺化饮。主治:脘腹冷痛;呕吐;泄泻,亡阳厥逆;寒饮喘咳;寒湿痹痛。《本草求真》:干姜,大热无毒,守而不走,凡胃中虚冷,元阳欲绝,合以附子同投,则能回阳立效,故书有附子无姜不热之句,仲景四逆、白通、姜附汤皆用之。且同五味则能通肺气而治寒嗽,同白术则能燥湿而补脾,同归芍则能入气而生血。现代医学研究发现,干姜浸剂对中枢神经、心血管系统、消化系统均有明显功效。
甘草:味甘;性平。归心;肺;脾;胃经。补脾益气;清热解毒;祛痰止咳;缓急止痛;调和诸药。主治脾胃虚弱;倦怠乏力;心悸气短;咳嗽痰多;脘腹四脚挛急疼痛;痈肿疮毒;缓解药物毒性。《本草纲目》载:“诸药中甘草为君。治七十二种乳石毒,解一千二百般草本毒,调和从药有功。”现代医学研究证实,甘草有较强的解毒作用,还有抗溃疡、抗炎症、镇痉镇咳、降血压、降血脂、抗癌作用,广泛用于治疗咽喉炎、喉炎、气管炎、支气管炎、哮喘、咳嗽、咳血等疾病,此外还具有抗胃溃疡、抗胃炎作用。
细辛:味辛;性温;热。入肺;肾经。解表散寒;祛风止痛;温肺化饮;通窍。《别录》载:“温中下气,破痰,利水道,开胸中,除喉痹,齆鼻,风痫癫疾,下乳结。治汗不出,血不行,安五脏,益肝胆,通精气。”现代医学研究证实,细辛水浸剂和醇浸剂能阻断坐骨神经的冲动传导。
本发明与现有技术相比,具有以下有益效果:
本发明选用药材,药性相适相辅,针对病因对症下药,有温肾助阳、健脾利湿、宣肺止咳、温肺化饮、祛风散寒、祛痰平喘、宁心安神之功效,吸收效果好,疗效显著,无毒副作用及临床不良反应,经临床验证对寒饮咳嗽治愈率较高。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明做进一步阐述。
实施例1
本发明药物有效成分的原料组成及重量为:
龙眼肉65~80g大枣62~77g葶苈子59~73g桂枝56~70g
山药53~67g五味子50~64g肉桂47~61g天花粉44~58g
白术43~54g水茴香40~50g茯苓37~46g白芥子33~43g
白芍30~40g半夏27~37g麻黄24~34g顺江木21~30g
党参18~27g紫菀15~24g款冬花12~21g薄荷10~18g
紫苏叶8~15g干姜6~12g甘草3~9g细辛1~6g。
本发明药物制备方法的工艺步骤为:
(1)将龙眼肉、大枣、桂枝、肉桂、水茴香、半夏、顺江木、紫菀、薄荷、紫苏叶、干姜、甘草洗净、晾干后混合均匀,放入容器中,在容器中加入6~8倍量的水,加热煮沸3~4小时,冷却后取浸液;在剩余的药渣中再加入4~6倍量的水,加热煮沸2~3小时,冷却后浸液;合并两次所得浸液,加热,蒸发浓缩为相对密度1.10~1.20的稠膏,备用;
(2)将葶苈子、五味子、天花粉、茯苓、白芍、党参、款冬花、细辛放入容器中,加入3~5倍量的绍兴黄酒,煮沸后放凉,继续浸泡3~4小时,取浸液;在剩余的药渣中再加入2~3倍量的绍兴黄酒,煮沸后放晾,继续浸泡2~3小时,取浸液;合并两次所得浸液,加蒸蒸发浓缩为相对密度1.15~1.25的稠膏,备用;
(3)先将麸皮均匀撒布于热锅内,俟烟起,加入山药片拌炒至淡黄色为度,取出,筛去麸皮,放凉,晒干,粉碎研末,过120目细筛,得细粉,备用;
(4)将白术放入铁锅中,文火微炒,炒至表皮变黄后,喷洒即墨老酒,继续炒至表皮焦黄后,取出放凉,粉碎研末,过120目细筛,得细粉,备用;
(5)取白芥子洗净切片,加定量的米醋拌匀,闷润至醋被吸尽后,置炒制容器内,用文火加热炒干,取出晾凉,筛去碎屑,粉碎研末,过120目细筛,得细粉,备用;
(6)将麻黄洗净晾干,加入炼熟的蜂蜜与少许开水,拌匀后稍闷,炒至黄色至深黄色,不粘手时取出,烘干粉碎研末,过120目细筛,得细粉,备用;
(7)将步骤(1)、步骤(2)所得的稠膏,与步骤(3)、步骤(4)、步骤(5)、步骤(6)中所得的细粉混合,加入炼蜜后混合均匀后,冻干,磨粉,以现代科技工艺制备为每粒0.15g的片剂。
用法用量:口服,每日3次,每次2粒,饭前一小时以温开水送服,10天为一个疗程。
实施例2
本发明药物有效成分的原料组成及重量为:
龙眼肉68~77g大枣65~74g葶苈子62~70g桂枝59~67g
山药56~64g五味子53~61g肉桂50~58g天花粉47~55g
白术46~51g水茴香43~47g茯苓40~44g白芥子35~40g
白芍33~37g半夏30~35g麻黄27~31g顺江木24~27g
党参20~24g紫菀17~21g款冬花15~19g薄荷12~16g
紫苏叶10~13g干姜8~10g甘草5~7g细辛2~5g。
本实施例的药物制备方法工艺步骤及用法用量与实施例1相同。
实施例3
本发明药物有效成分的原料组成及重量为:
龙眼肉73g大枣70g葶苈子67g桂枝64g
山药60g五味子57g肉桂54g天花粉51g
白术48g水茴香45g茯苓42g白芥子38g
白芍35g半夏32g麻黄29g顺江木26g
党参22g紫菀19g款冬花17g薄荷14g
紫苏叶11g干姜9g甘草6g细辛3g。
本实施例的药物制备方法工艺步骤及用法用量与实施例1相同。
临床资料:
1、病例选择:
选择我院或外院确诊的寒饮咳嗽患者40例临床观察,其中男性23例,女性17例,年龄8~55岁,平均年龄37.6岁。
2、患者服用本发明药物,口服,每日3次,每次2粒,饭前一小时以温开水送服,10天为一个疗程。
3、疗效判定:
(1)治愈:临床症状完全消失,身体恢复正常。
(2)好转:咳嗽等症状明显缓解。
(3)无效:症状同施治前无明显差异。
4、结果:
寒饮咳嗽患者治愈31例,好转6例,无效3例,治愈率77.5%,总有效率92.5%。
以上结果显示,治疗组的治愈率和总有效率明显高于对照组。
典型病例举例:
1、赵××,男,37岁,职员。该患者冬天受寒,发咳嗽有痰伴寒热,诊为“上感”、“急性支气管炎”。常规消炎、止咳、化痰,效果欠佳,又作相关检查无异常,继续使用多种抗生素及对症处理,咳嗽时好时差,一受冷就常有复发,历时已半年。来我院就诊,见咳嗽有痰,痰呈白色泡沫样,夜咳重,精神疲惫,舌质淡,苔白滑,脉浮,诊为寒饮咳嗽。经服用本发明所述药物,口服,每日3次,每次2粒,饭前一小时以温开水送服,10天为一个疗程,服用1个疗程后,上述症状完全消失,已痊愈。
2、何××,女,38岁,工人。患者近半年来,受冷即容易咳嗽,有时有白痰、白鼻涕,易倦感,便秘,成天困倦欲睡。来我院就诊,见咳吐白稀痰,尿少,下肢轻微水肿,畏寒喜暖,舌淡暗,苔白,脉沉弦,诊为寒饮咳嗽。经服用本发明所述药物,口服,每日3次,每次2粒,饭前一小时以温开水送服,10天为一个疗程,服用1个疗程后,咳嗽等症状明显缓解,继续服用1个疗程后,咳嗽等症状完全消失,已痊愈。
本发明所述药物是经长期临床验证总结配置而成,方中所选的药材药性相适相辅,针对病因对症下药,方中龙眼肉、大枣、山药等中药可扶正固本;方中党参、白术可健脾补肺、燥湿利水;方中肉桂可温肾助阳、温经通脉;方中麻黄、桂枝可外散风寒、温通经脉;方中干姜、细辛可祛风散寒、温肺化饮;方中五味子可收敛肺气;方中白芍可酸甘和营;方中水茴香、茯苓可健脾利湿、宁心安神;方中葶苈子、紫菀、款冬花等中药可润肺下气、化痰止咳;方中薄荷可宣肺止咳;方中甘草可祛痰止咳、调和诸药;方中诸药合用共奏温肾助阳、健脾利湿、宣肺止咳、温肺化饮、祛风散寒、祛痰平喘、宁心安神之功效,吸收效果好,疗效显著,无毒副作用及临床不良反应,经临床验证对寒饮咳嗽治愈率较高。
Claims (4)
1.一种用于治疗寒饮咳嗽的中药片剂,其特征在于,制成所述药物有效成分的原料组成及重量份数为:
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于治疗寒饮咳嗽的中药片剂,其特征在于,制成所述药物有效成分的原料组成及重量份数为:
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于治疗寒饮咳嗽的中药片剂,其特征在于,制成所述药物有效成分的原料组成及重量份数为:
4.根据权利要求1~3所述的一种用于治疗寒饮咳嗽的中药片剂的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下工艺步骤:
(1)将龙眼肉、大枣、桂枝、肉桂、水茴香、半夏、顺江木、紫菀、薄荷、紫苏叶、干姜、甘草洗净、晾干后混合均匀,放入容器中,在容器中加入6~8倍量的水,加热煮沸3~4小时,冷却后取浸液;在剩余的药渣中再加入4~6倍量的水,加热煮沸2~3小时,冷却后浸液;合并两次所得浸液,加热,蒸发浓缩为相对密度1.10~1.20的稠膏,备用;
(2)将葶苈子、五味子、天花粉、茯苓、白芍、党参、款冬花、细辛放入容器中,加入3~5倍量的绍兴黄酒,煮沸后放凉,继续浸泡3~4小时,取浸液;在剩余的药渣中再加入2~3倍量的绍兴黄酒,煮沸后放晾,继续浸泡2~3小时,取浸液;合并两次所得浸液,加蒸蒸发浓缩为相对密度1.15~1.25的稠膏,备用;
(3)先将麸皮均匀撒布于热锅内,俟烟起,加入山药片拌炒至淡黄色为度,取出,筛去麸皮,放凉,晒干,粉碎研末,过120目细筛,得细粉,备用;
(4)将白术放入铁锅中,文火微炒,炒至表皮变黄后,喷洒即墨老酒,继续炒至表皮焦黄后,取出放凉,粉碎研末,过120目细筛,得细粉,备用;
(5)取白芥子洗净切片,加定量的米醋拌匀,闷润至醋被吸尽后,置炒制容器内,用文火加热炒干,取出晾凉,筛去碎屑,粉碎研末,过120目细筛,得细粉,备用;
(6)将麻黄洗净晾干,加入炼熟的蜂蜜与少许开水,拌匀后稍闷,炒至黄色至深黄色,不粘手时取出,烘干粉碎研末,过120目细筛,得细粉,备用;
(7)将步骤(1)、步骤(2)所得的稠膏,与步骤(3)、步骤(4)、步骤(5)、步骤(6)中所得的细粉混合,加入炼蜜后混合均匀后,冻干,磨粉,以现代科技工艺制备为每粒0.15g的片剂。
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