CN105340659A - Drought-resisting cultivation method for kiwifruits - Google Patents
Drought-resisting cultivation method for kiwifruits Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a drought-resisting cultivation method for kiwifruits. The method mainly comprises the steps of: selection of drought-resisting trees and rootstocks; cultivation of kiwifruits; and orchard management. The cultivation of kiwifruits comprises the steps of: carrying out close planting; carrying out pruning; carrying out fertilization; frequently carrying out deep ploughing; and constructing terraced fields and fish-scale pits; the orchard management comprises the steps of: carrying out orchard mulching; carrying out grass growing in the orchard; storing fertilizer and water in holes and carrying out film mulching; carrying out water-saving irrigation; applying a hygroscopic agent and using an antitranspirant, wherein the orchard mulching comprises: thin film mulching and grass covering; white clover is used in grass growing in the orchard; the water-saving irrigation comprises drop irrigation and sprinkling irrigation. According to the method disclosed by the invention, the technology is comprehensively applied in kiwifruit production, so that the content of organic matters of orchard soil can be improved, the plant diseases and insect pests of the orchard are reduced, and the fruit quality and the single plant fruit setting rate are improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of kiwi fruit anti drought cultivation method.
Background technology
Kiwi fruit is the appellation of Chinese gooseberry cultivated species fruit.Also claim bower actinidia root or leaf, Chinese gooseberry, carambola, carambola, wood and Mao Muguo etc., originate in southern china.Generally oval.Dark brown epidermis with hair generally do not eat, and are then the seed of pulp in bright green and row's black in it.The quality of kiwi fruit is soft, and taste is described to the mixing of strawberry, banana, pineapple three sometimes.Because of macaque eating, therefore named kiwi fruit; Also saying is had to be because pericarp covers hair, macaque and gaining the name seemingly.Like shady and cool moist environment, be afraid of drought, flood, wind.Cold-resistant, the not late frost of resistance to early spring, kiwi fruit tree garden is selected in leeward endroit or vacant lot, and loosing soil, draining is good, the content of organic matter is high, pH is at the sandy loam of 5.5 ~ 6.5 subacidity.Plant time from autumn Mo to the beginning of spring, before last ten-days period October in autumn and branch bleeding phase last ten-days period February in spring.Gathering in mid-September to mid-October of fruit.At this moment fruit is fully ripe, plucks.Pluck gently to pluck and put down gently, avoid extruding, damage.Just edible through 8 ~ 10 day latter stage of ripening after gathering.
Between the Kiwi growth puberty, be often subject to weather conditions, the restriction of environmental condition, especially arid is the most obvious on the impact of Kiwi growth, and the underproduction of kiwi fruit can be caused when arid is serious even to have no harvest.This just causes the economic loss that cannot remedy to the upper level of originating using kiwi fruit as Main Economic, serious constrains local economic development.Production in conjunction with upper level is now actual, and primary technical problem how reasonably to utilize upper level resource, improves the economic benefit of kiwi fruit unit are, ecological benefits, social benefit.Kiwi fruit cultivated area is comparatively large, but between the Kiwi growth puberty, is often subject to weather conditions, the restriction of environmental condition, and especially arid is the most obvious on the impact of Kiwi growth, and the underproduction of kiwi fruit can be caused when arid is serious even to have no harvest.This just causes the economic loss that cannot remedy to the upper level of originating using kiwi fruit as Main Economic, serious constrains local economic development.Production in conjunction with upper level is now actual, and primary technical problem how reasonably to utilize upper level resource, improves the economic benefit of kiwi fruit unit are, ecological benefits, social benefit.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is the defect overcoming prior art, provides a kind of kiwi fruit anti drought cultivation method.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides following technical scheme:
A kind of kiwi fruit anti drought cultivation method of the present invention, comprise and select drought resisting seeds and stock, Kiwifruit Culture, orchard management, is characterized in that selecting the kind of drought resisting stock grafting as cultivar, kiwi fruit spacing in the rows, at 2.5 ~ 3m, with the hollow place plantation that 1m is square, is trimmed to free spindle or slender spindle like tree-like, May carries out Orchard mulch, every mu with careless 2000 ~ 2500 kilograms, tree dish covers the work road that grass builds 40 ~ 50 centimetres wide in the middle of Liang Hangshu, the space of 18 ~ 22 centimetres is reserved around trunk during lid grass, orchard ground cover uses clover, every mu of amount of broadcasting 0.4 ~ 0.6 kilogram, earthing 1 ~ 2 centimetre, apply nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer is applied after Cheng Ping, size according to tree crown is digged pit, crown diameter 3.5 ~ 4 meters, dig 4 caves, crown diameter 6 meters, dig 6 ~ 8 caves, bag crop is bundled into diameter 15 ~ 25 centimetres, the careless handle of long 30 ~ 35 centimetres, be placed in the urine of 5% ~ 10% and soak into, cave is supported in the storage that inside 50 ~ 70 centimeters dig dark 40 centimetres at crown mapping edge, by grass standing in cave, to water 3 ~ 5 kilograms/cave, and overlay film immediately, irrigate and adopt drip irrigation or sprinkling irrigation, apply hygroscopic agent and anti-steaming agent simultaneously.
Further, smear in time with cutting oil sealing after pruning.
Further, terraced fields and fish scale pit are built in mountain region, arid hillside field and hilly ground orchard, carry out contour dense planting.
Further, pressure point soil on careless slope is covered after grass.
Further, more than 18 days anti-steaming agent period of validity, reduce rising 59%, improve the flow of water 0.2 ~ 0.4MMpa.
Orchard ground cover of the present invention is in orchard, plant the grass useful to Kiwi growth, and this grass can be Trifolium repense.Trifolium repense belongs to perennial root plant, and seed lands natural renovation ability by force, and utilization periods is about 8 years, has shade tolerance energy, normal growth under the environment of 30% light transmittance, suitable orchard planting.There is after Trifolium repense Cheng Ping more flourishing side root and stolon, have stronger competitiveness compared with other weeds, and there is certain cold-resistant and temperature capacity, 4.5 ~ 8.5 are reached to the accommodation of P in soil H value.Because Trifolium repense optimum growth temperature is 19 DEG C ~ 24 DEG C, sow with season in spring and autumn two as the best.Spring at mid or late March, can be able to be sowed when temperature is stabilized in more than 15 DEG C.Autumn sowing generally started from mid-August until mid or late September, autumn good conditions for soil moisture, weed growth gesture is weak, is conducive to Trifolium repense and grows into level ground, therefore comparatively sows in spring preferably.Trifolium repense grass seeds by kiwi fruit inter-row weed and eliminating impurities, should turn over rear leveling before broadcasting, and earthing should be shallow, at 1 ~ 2 centimetre, harrows after generally seed being spread on earth's surface with slight spike-tooth harrow, every mu of amount of broadcasting 0.4 ~ 0.6 kilogram.Seedling stage keeps ground moistening, supplements a small amount of nitrogenous fertilizer, and weeds a garden in time, need supplementary phosphorus, potash fertilizer, and suitably water during prolonged drought after Cheng Ping.The major measure that butch clover upgrades cradles and turns over, and butch clover is lower numerous grass, and plant is short, general 30 cm, and can cradle in time highly growing to 20 cm, when cradling, toothing is not less than 5 centimetres, in order to regeneration.2 ~ 4 times can be cradled every year, after cradling, all will supplement rich water at every turn.Newly-built grass is not preferably cut by initial some months, and the grass cut off can cover on the spot, also can make forage feed and use.After sward about 5 years, grass is aging, should turn in time, lie fallow after 1 ~ 2 year, reseeding.Time of ploughing deeply was advisable with late fall, and should be noted and prevent infringement kiwi fruit root system.Orchard ground cover of the present invention is in orchard, plant the grass useful to Kiwi growth, and this grass can be Trifolium repense.Trifolium repense belongs to perennial root plant, and seed lands natural renovation ability by force, and utilization periods is about 8 years, has shade tolerance energy, normal growth under the environment of 30% light transmittance, suitable orchard planting.There is after Trifolium repense Cheng Ping more flourishing side root and stolon, have stronger competitiveness compared with other weeds, and there is certain cold-resistant and temperature capacity, 4.5 ~ 8.5 are reached to the accommodation of P in soil H value.Because Trifolium repense optimum growth temperature is 19 DEG C ~ 24 DEG C, sow with season in spring and autumn two as the best.Spring at mid or late March, can be able to be sowed when temperature is stabilized in more than 15 DEG C.Autumn sowing generally started from mid-August until mid or late September, autumn good conditions for soil moisture, weed growth gesture is weak, is conducive to Trifolium repense and grows into level ground, therefore comparatively sows in spring preferably.Trifolium repense grass seeds by kiwi fruit inter-row weed and eliminating impurities, should turn over rear leveling before broadcasting, and earthing should be shallow, at 1 ~ 2 centimetre, harrows after generally seed being spread on earth's surface with slight spike-tooth harrow, every mu of amount of broadcasting 0.4 ~ 0.6 kilogram.Seedling stage keeps ground moistening, supplements a small amount of nitrogenous fertilizer, and weeds a garden in time, need supplementary phosphorus, potash fertilizer, and suitably water during prolonged drought after Cheng Ping.The major measure that butch clover upgrades cradles and turns over, and butch clover is lower numerous grass, and plant is short, general 30 cm, and can cradle in time highly growing to 20 cm, when cradling, toothing is not less than 5 centimetres, in order to regeneration.2 ~ 4 times can be cradled every year, after cradling, all will supplement rich water at every turn.Newly-built grass is not preferably cut by initial some months, and the grass cut off can cover on the spot, also can make forage feed and use.After sward about 5 years, grass is aging, should turn in time, lie fallow after 1 ~ 2 year, reseeding.Time of ploughing deeply was advisable with late fall, and should be noted and prevent infringement kiwi fruit root system.
Butch clover can improve soil, increases soil fertility, and suppresses weed growth, regulates ground temperature, improve Kiwi growth environment, prevent erosion, strengthen biocontrol efficacy, reduce damage by disease and insect and occur, improve kiwi fruit yield and quality, fruit is herded and combines development, improve overall economic efficiency.Butch clover can improve soil, increases soil fertility, and suppresses weed growth, regulates ground temperature, improve Kiwi growth environment, prevent erosion, strengthen biocontrol efficacy, reduce damage by disease and insect and occur, improve kiwi fruit yield and quality, fruit is herded and combines development, improve overall economic efficiency.
Cave storage rich water film-mulching technique is simple, and small investment takes effect greatly, has the advantages that joint is fertile, economize on water, generally can save fertile 30%, water saving 70% ~ 90%; Thinner at soil layer, the anhydrous hill effect watering condition is particularly remarkable, is the important drought resisting in arid orchard, water conservation technology.Concrete technology is as follows: careless handle crops straw or weeds being bundled into diameter 15 ~ 25 centimetres, length 30 ~ 35 centimetres, is placed in water or in the urine of 5% ~ 10% and soaks into.At crown mapping edge, inside 50 ~ 70 centimeters dig dark 40 centimetres, diameter ratio is careless supports cave slightly large storage, and hole is rounded round tree root, determines to store foster cave quantity according to tree crown size, crown diameter 3.5 ~ 4.0 meters, digs 4 caves; Crown diameter 6 meters, digs 6 ~ 8 caves.By grass standing on cave central authorities, around tread with the native landfill mixing fertilizer, 5 kilograms, every cave farmyard manure, mix 150 grams of superphosphate, 50 ~ 100 grams of urea or composite fertilizer, and water in right amount, then tree dish is arranged, make nutrition cave lower than 1 ~ 2 centimetre, ground, form plate shape, 3 ~ 5 kilograms/cave of watering gets final product overlay film; Old plastic sheeting for farm use is cut apart with a knife or scissors and evens up, on Gai Shu dish, and must nutrition cave be covered under film, surrounding and centre soil pressure reality, every cave covering with plastic film 1.5 ~ 2.0 square metres, ground film edge soil pressure is tight, central authorities just wear an aperture to grass upper end, block with stone or soil, water to topdress in the future.The mulch film of cave overcentre is worn an aperture, so that later fertilizing, watering or undertaking rainwater, and on aperture, presses a finger stone, in case moisture evaporation.General after spending as early and middle ten days in May, young sprout stops growing the phase as 3 periods after mid-June and fruit picking, and topdressing 50 ~ 100 grams of urea or composite fertilizer in every cave, is put in by fertilizer careless top, waters about 3.0 ~ 4.0 kilograms immediately; Enter rainy season, mulch film can be removed, storage is supported in cave and stores rainwater; Cave is supported in general storage can maintain 2 ~ 3 years, and grass, changing once every year, finds that mulch film should be changed after damaging in time, again arranges when cave is supported in storage and changes position, realize the improvement of full garden gradually.Cave storage rich water film-mulching technique is simple, and small investment takes effect greatly, has the advantages that joint is fertile, economize on water, generally can save fertile 30%, water saving 70% ~ 90%; Thinner at soil layer, the anhydrous hill effect watering condition is particularly remarkable, is the important drought resisting in arid orchard, water conservation technology.Concrete technology is as follows: careless handle crops straw or weeds being bundled into diameter 15 ~ 25 centimetres, length 30 ~ 35 centimetres, is placed in water or in the urine of 5% ~ 10% and soaks into.At crown mapping edge, inside 50 ~ 70 centimeters dig dark 40 centimetres, diameter ratio is careless supports cave slightly large storage, and hole is rounded round tree root, determines to store foster cave quantity according to tree crown size, crown diameter 3.5 ~ 4.0 meters, digs 4 caves; Crown diameter 6 meters, digs 6 ~ 8 caves.By grass standing on cave central authorities, around tread with the native landfill mixing fertilizer, 5 kilograms, every cave farmyard manure, mix 150 grams of superphosphate, 50 ~ 100 grams of urea or composite fertilizer, and water in right amount, then tree dish is arranged, make nutrition cave lower than 1 ~ 2 centimetre, ground, form plate shape, 3 ~ 5 kilograms/cave of watering gets final product overlay film; Old plastic sheeting for farm use is cut apart with a knife or scissors and evens up, on Gai Shu dish, and must nutrition cave be covered under film, surrounding and centre soil pressure reality, every cave covering with plastic film 1.5 ~ 2.0 square metres, ground film edge soil pressure is tight, central authorities just wear an aperture to grass upper end, block with stone or soil, water to topdress in the future.The mulch film of cave overcentre is worn an aperture, so that later fertilizing, watering or undertaking rainwater, and on aperture, presses a finger stone, in case moisture evaporation.General after spending as early and middle ten days in May, young sprout stops growing the phase as 3 periods after mid-June and fruit picking, and topdressing 50 ~ 100 grams of urea or composite fertilizer in every cave, is put in by fertilizer careless top, waters about 3.0 ~ 4.0 kilograms immediately; Enter rainy season, mulch film can be removed, storage is supported in cave and stores rainwater; Cave is supported in general storage can maintain 2 ~ 3 years, and grass, changing once every year, finds that mulch film should be changed after damaging in time, again arranges when cave is supported in storage and changes position, realize the improvement of full garden gradually.
Embodiment
Below the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described, should be appreciated that preferred embodiment described herein is only for instruction and explanation of the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
A kind of kiwi fruit anti drought cultivation method of the present invention, comprise and select drought resisting seeds and stock, Kiwifruit Culture, orchard management, is characterized in that selecting the kind of drought resisting stock grafting as cultivar, kiwi fruit spacing in the rows, at 2.5 ~ 3m, with the hollow place plantation that 1m is square, is trimmed to free spindle or slender spindle like tree-like, May carries out Orchard mulch, every mu with careless 2000 ~ 2500 kilograms, tree dish covers the work road that grass builds 40 ~ 50 centimetres wide in the middle of Liang Hangshu, the space of 18 ~ 22 centimetres is reserved around trunk during lid grass, orchard ground cover uses clover, every mu of amount of broadcasting 0.4 ~ 0.6 kilogram, earthing 1 ~ 2 centimetre, apply nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer is applied after Cheng Ping, size according to tree crown is digged pit, crown diameter 3.5 ~ 4 meters, dig 4 caves, crown diameter 6 meters, dig 6 ~ 8 caves, bag crop is bundled into diameter 15 ~ 25 centimetres, the careless handle of long 30 ~ 35 centimetres, be placed in the urine of 5% ~ 10% and soak into, cave is supported in the storage that inside 50 ~ 70 centimeters dig dark 40 centimetres at crown mapping edge, by grass standing in cave, to water 3 ~ 5 kilograms/cave, and overlay film immediately, irrigate and adopt drip irrigation or sprinkling irrigation, apply hygroscopic agent and anti-steaming agent simultaneously.
Smear in time with cutting oil sealing after pruning.
Terraced fields and fish scale pit are built in mountain region, arid hillside field and hilly ground orchard, carry out contour dense planting.
To cover after grass pressure point soil on careless slope.
More than 18 days anti-steaming agent period of validity, reduce rising 59%, improve the flow of water 0.2 ~ 0.4MMpa.
Orchard ground cover of the present invention is in orchard, plant the grass useful to Kiwi growth, and this grass can be Trifolium repense.Trifolium repense belongs to perennial root plant, and seed lands natural renovation ability by force, and utilization periods is about 8 years, has shade tolerance energy, normal growth under the environment of 30% light transmittance, suitable orchard planting.There is after Trifolium repense Cheng Ping more flourishing side root and stolon, have stronger competitiveness compared with other weeds, and there is certain cold-resistant and temperature capacity, 4.5 ~ 8.5 are reached to the accommodation of P in soil H value.Because Trifolium repense optimum growth temperature is 19 DEG C ~ 24 DEG C, sow with season in spring and autumn two as the best.Spring at mid or late March, can be able to be sowed when temperature is stabilized in more than 15 DEG C.Autumn sowing generally started from mid-August until mid or late September, autumn good conditions for soil moisture, weed growth gesture is weak, is conducive to Trifolium repense and grows into level ground, therefore comparatively sows in spring preferably.Trifolium repense grass seeds by kiwi fruit inter-row weed and eliminating impurities, should turn over rear leveling before broadcasting, and earthing should be shallow, at 1 ~ 2 centimetre, harrows after generally seed being spread on earth's surface with slight spike-tooth harrow, every mu of amount of broadcasting 0.4 ~ 0.6 kilogram.Seedling stage keeps ground moistening, supplements a small amount of nitrogenous fertilizer, and weeds a garden in time, need supplementary phosphorus, potash fertilizer, and suitably water during prolonged drought after Cheng Ping.The major measure that butch clover upgrades cradles and turns over, and butch clover is lower numerous grass, and plant is short, general 30 cm, and can cradle in time highly growing to 20 cm, when cradling, toothing is not less than 5 centimetres, in order to regeneration.2 ~ 4 times can be cradled every year, after cradling, all will supplement rich water at every turn.Newly-built grass is not preferably cut by initial some months, and the grass cut off can cover on the spot, also can make forage feed and use.After sward about 5 years, grass is aging, should turn in time, lie fallow after 1 ~ 2 year, reseeding.Time of ploughing deeply was advisable with late fall, and should be noted and prevent infringement kiwi fruit root system.Orchard ground cover of the present invention is in orchard, plant the grass useful to Kiwi growth, and this grass can be Trifolium repense.Trifolium repense belongs to perennial root plant, and seed lands natural renovation ability by force, and utilization periods is about 8 years, has shade tolerance energy, normal growth under the environment of 30% light transmittance, suitable orchard planting.There is after Trifolium repense Cheng Ping more flourishing side root and stolon, have stronger competitiveness compared with other weeds, and there is certain cold-resistant and temperature capacity, 4.5 ~ 8.5 are reached to the accommodation of P in soil H value.Because Trifolium repense optimum growth temperature is 19 DEG C ~ 24 DEG C, sow with season in spring and autumn two as the best.Spring at mid or late March, can be able to be sowed when temperature is stabilized in more than 15 DEG C.Autumn sowing generally started from mid-August until mid or late September, autumn good conditions for soil moisture, weed growth gesture is weak, is conducive to Trifolium repense and grows into level ground, therefore comparatively sows in spring preferably.Trifolium repense grass seeds by kiwi fruit inter-row weed and eliminating impurities, should turn over rear leveling before broadcasting, and earthing should be shallow, at 1 ~ 2 centimetre, harrows after generally seed being spread on earth's surface with slight spike-tooth harrow, every mu of amount of broadcasting 0.4 ~ 0.6 kilogram.Seedling stage keeps ground moistening, supplements a small amount of nitrogenous fertilizer, and weeds a garden in time, need supplementary phosphorus, potash fertilizer, and suitably water during prolonged drought after Cheng Ping.The major measure that butch clover upgrades cradles and turns over, and butch clover is lower numerous grass, and plant is short, general 30 cm, and can cradle in time highly growing to 20 cm, when cradling, toothing is not less than 5 centimetres, in order to regeneration.2 ~ 4 times can be cradled every year, after cradling, all will supplement rich water at every turn.Newly-built grass is not preferably cut by initial some months, and the grass cut off can cover on the spot, also can make forage feed and use.After sward about 5 years, grass is aging, should turn in time, lie fallow after 1 ~ 2 year, reseeding.Time of ploughing deeply was advisable with late fall, and should be noted and prevent infringement kiwi fruit root system.
Butch clover can improve soil, increases soil fertility, and suppresses weed growth, regulates ground temperature, improve Kiwi growth environment, prevent erosion, strengthen biocontrol efficacy, reduce damage by disease and insect and occur, improve kiwi fruit yield and quality, fruit is herded and combines development, improve overall economic efficiency.Butch clover can improve soil, increases soil fertility, and suppresses weed growth, regulates ground temperature, improve Kiwi growth environment, prevent erosion, strengthen biocontrol efficacy, reduce damage by disease and insect and occur, improve kiwi fruit yield and quality, fruit is herded and combines development, improve overall economic efficiency.
Cave storage rich water film-mulching technique is simple, and small investment takes effect greatly, has the advantages that joint is fertile, economize on water, generally can save fertile 30%, water saving 70% ~ 90%; Thinner at soil layer, the anhydrous hill effect watering condition is particularly remarkable, is the important drought resisting in arid orchard, water conservation technology.Concrete technology is as follows: careless handle crops straw or weeds being bundled into diameter 15 ~ 25 centimetres, length 30 ~ 35 centimetres, is placed in water or in the urine of 5% ~ 10% and soaks into.At crown mapping edge, inside 50 ~ 70 centimeters dig dark 40 centimetres, diameter ratio is careless supports cave slightly large storage, and hole is rounded round tree root, determines to store foster cave quantity according to tree crown size, crown diameter 3.5 ~ 4.0 meters, digs 4 caves; Crown diameter 6 meters, digs 6 ~ 8 caves.By grass standing on cave central authorities, around tread with the native landfill mixing fertilizer, 5 kilograms, every cave farmyard manure, mix 150 grams of superphosphate, 50 ~ 100 grams of urea or composite fertilizer, and water in right amount, then tree dish is arranged, make nutrition cave lower than 1 ~ 2 centimetre, ground, form plate shape, 3 ~ 5 kilograms/cave of watering gets final product overlay film; Old plastic sheeting for farm use is cut apart with a knife or scissors and evens up, on Gai Shu dish, and must nutrition cave be covered under film, surrounding and centre soil pressure reality, every cave covering with plastic film 1.5 ~ 2.0 square metres, ground film edge soil pressure is tight, central authorities just wear an aperture to grass upper end, block with stone or soil, water to topdress in the future.The mulch film of cave overcentre is worn an aperture, so that later fertilizing, watering or undertaking rainwater, and on aperture, presses a finger stone, in case moisture evaporation.General after spending as early and middle ten days in May, young sprout stops growing the phase as 3 periods after mid-June and fruit picking, and topdressing 50 ~ 100 grams of urea or composite fertilizer in every cave, is put in by fertilizer careless top, waters about 3.0 ~ 4.0 kilograms immediately; Enter rainy season, mulch film can be removed, storage is supported in cave and stores rainwater; Cave is supported in general storage can maintain 2 ~ 3 years, and grass, changing once every year, finds that mulch film should be changed after damaging in time, again arranges when cave is supported in storage and changes position, realize the improvement of full garden gradually.Cave storage rich water film-mulching technique is simple, and small investment takes effect greatly, has the advantages that joint is fertile, economize on water, generally can save fertile 30%, water saving 70% ~ 90%; Thinner at soil layer, the anhydrous hill effect watering condition is particularly remarkable, is the important drought resisting in arid orchard, water conservation technology.Concrete technology is as follows: careless handle crops straw or weeds being bundled into diameter 15 ~ 25 centimetres, length 30 ~ 35 centimetres, is placed in water or in the urine of 5% ~ 10% and soaks into.At crown mapping edge, inside 50 ~ 70 centimeters dig dark 40 centimetres, diameter ratio is careless supports cave slightly large storage, and hole is rounded round tree root, determines to store foster cave quantity according to tree crown size, crown diameter 3.5 ~ 4.0 meters, digs 4 caves; Crown diameter 6 meters, digs 6 ~ 8 caves.By grass standing on cave central authorities, around tread with the native landfill mixing fertilizer, 5 kilograms, every cave farmyard manure, mix 150 grams of superphosphate, 50 ~ 100 grams of urea or composite fertilizer, and water in right amount, then tree dish is arranged, make nutrition cave lower than 1 ~ 2 centimetre, ground, form plate shape, 3 ~ 5 kilograms/cave of watering gets final product overlay film; Old plastic sheeting for farm use is cut apart with a knife or scissors and evens up, on Gai Shu dish, and must nutrition cave be covered under film, surrounding and centre soil pressure reality, every cave covering with plastic film 1.5 ~ 2.0 square metres, ground film edge soil pressure is tight, central authorities just wear an aperture to grass upper end, block with stone or soil, water to topdress in the future.The mulch film of cave overcentre is worn an aperture, so that later fertilizing, watering or undertaking rainwater, and on aperture, presses a finger stone, in case moisture evaporation.General after spending as early and middle ten days in May, young sprout stops growing the phase as 3 periods after mid-June and fruit picking, and topdressing 50 ~ 100 grams of urea or composite fertilizer in every cave, is put in by fertilizer careless top, waters about 3.0 ~ 4.0 kilograms immediately; Enter rainy season, mulch film can be removed, storage is supported in cave and stores rainwater; Cave is supported in general storage can maintain 2 ~ 3 years, and grass, changing once every year, finds that mulch film should be changed after damaging in time, again arranges when cave is supported in storage and changes position, realize the improvement of full garden gradually.
Last it is noted that the foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, although with reference to previous embodiment to invention has been detailed description, for a person skilled in the art, it still can be modified to the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments, or carries out equivalent replacement to wherein portion of techniques feature.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kiwi fruit anti drought cultivation method, comprise and select drought resisting seeds and stock, Kiwifruit Culture, orchard management, is characterized in that: select the kind of drought resisting stock grafting as cultivar, kiwi fruit spacing in the rows, at 2.5 ~ 3m, with the hollow place plantation that 1m is square, is trimmed to free spindle or slender spindle like tree-like, May carries out Orchard mulch, every mu with careless 2000 ~ 2500 kilograms, tree dish covers the work road that grass builds 40 ~ 50 centimetres wide in the middle of Liang Hangshu, the space of 18 ~ 22 centimetres is reserved around trunk during lid grass, orchard ground cover uses clover, every mu of amount of broadcasting 0.4 ~ 0.6 kilogram, earthing 1 ~ 2 centimetre, apply nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer is applied after Cheng Ping, size according to tree crown is digged pit, crown diameter 3.5 ~ 4 meters, dig 4 caves, crown diameter 6 meters, dig 6 ~ 8 caves, bag crop is bundled into diameter 15 ~ 25 centimetres, the careless handle of long 30 ~ 35 centimetres, be placed in the urine of 5% ~ 10% and soak into, cave is supported in the storage that inside 50 ~ 70 centimeters dig dark 40 centimetres at crown mapping edge, by grass standing in cave, to water 3 ~ 5 kilograms/cave, and overlay film immediately, irrigate and adopt drip irrigation or sprinkling irrigation, apply hygroscopic agent and anti-steaming agent simultaneously.
2. a kind of kiwi fruit anti drought cultivation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: smear in time with cutting oil sealing after pruning.
3. a kind of kiwi fruit anti drought cultivation method according to claim 2, is characterized in that: terraced fields and fish scale pit are built in mountain region, arid hillside field and hilly ground orchard, carry out contour dense planting.
4. a kind of kiwi fruit anti drought cultivation method according to claim 3, is characterized in that: to cover after grass pressure point soil on careless slope.
5. a kind of kiwi fruit anti drought cultivation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: more than 18 days anti-steaming agent period of validity, reduces rising 59%, improves the flow of water 0.2 ~ 0.4MMpa.
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| CN106538388A (en) * | 2016-11-07 | 2017-03-29 | 中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所 | The authentication method of drought-enduring Actinidia under a kind of conditions of tissue culture |
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| CN1623365A (en) * | 2003-12-02 | 2005-06-08 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Fruit tree anti drought cultivation method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1623365A (en) * | 2003-12-02 | 2005-06-08 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Fruit tree anti drought cultivation method |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106538388A (en) * | 2016-11-07 | 2017-03-29 | 中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所 | The authentication method of drought-enduring Actinidia under a kind of conditions of tissue culture |
| CN106538388B (en) * | 2016-11-07 | 2019-05-07 | 中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所 | The identification method of drought-enduring Actinidia under a kind of conditions of tissue culture |
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