CN105327604B - A kind of dust treatment system and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of dust treatment system and method, the system includes：First processing unit, after-treatment device, security personnel's processing unit, pass through just processing unit, after-treatment device and security personnel's processing unit successively to handle flue dust and waste gas three times, farthest reduce the discharge capacity of flue dust, and flue dust and waste gas are repeatedly washed using cascade nozzle, hydraulic spray nozzle device, reduce because the blocking of soot dust granule and caused by equipment loss；Waste heat recovery twice has also been carried out to high-temperature smoke and waste gas using first processing unit, has saved the energy；Security personnel's processing unit sets activated carbon adsorption layer Dui bioxin etc. to be difficult to be absorbed with the harmful substance that the mode of high temperature and chemical reaction removes, and reduces harm of the harmful substances such as bioxin to environment.

Description

System and method for treating smoke and dust

technical field

The invention relates to the field of soot treatment, in particular to a system and method for soot treatment.

Background technique

The soot and waste gas produced by waste-to-energy plants after burning waste can only be discharged into the atmosphere after being treated up to standard. At present, the treatment process of soot and exhaust gas is usually: filter through high-temperature bag filter, wash through scrubber to remove harmful substances in soot and exhaust gas, and the sewage from scrubbing exhaust gas can be provided to the scrubber for recycling after treatment.

However, in the methods for processing soot in the prior art, there is a strong dependence on the soot collection equipment and scrubber equipment, and the equipment will always be lost due to the blockage of soot, and the downtime and cost caused by equipment maintenance will affect the efficiency of the soot treatment system. And there is also a lack of equipment for recovering the waste heat in the high-temperature exhaust gas. Toxic dioxins are often formed in the smoke and waste gas of incineration of garbage. In the prior art, the temperature of the combustion furnace is used to reduce the formation of dioxins, which is not conducive to saving energy and cannot effectively reduce the content of dioxins.

To sum up, in the prior art, there are problems that the smoke and dust treatment equipment is easy to be worn out, the high-temperature exhaust gas waste heat recovery device is lacking, and the toxic substances of dioxin cannot be effectively filtered.

Contents of the invention

The present invention provides a smoke and dust treatment system and method, which are used to solve the problems in the prior art that the smoke and dust treatment equipment is easy to wear out, lacks a high-temperature waste gas waste heat recovery device, and cannot effectively filter dioxin and toxic substances.

The present invention includes:

An embodiment of the present invention provides a smoke and dust processing system, including: a primary processing device, a secondary processing device, and a security processing device;

The primary treatment device includes: a smoke inlet, a treatment chamber and a smoke exhaust outlet, and the first cooling water coil, the water curtain nozzle and the second Cooling water coil; cooling water is injected from the water inlet of the first cooling water coil and the second cooling water coil, and flows out from the water outlet, and the water curtain nozzle is used to spray lime water;

The secondary treatment device includes: a smoke inlet, a treatment chamber and a smoke exhaust port, the smoke inlet is communicated with the smoke exhaust port of the primary treatment device; A first chilled water coil, a water mist nozzle, and a second chilled water coil are arranged in sequence; chilled water is injected from the water inlet of the first chilled water coil and the second chilled water coil, and is injected from the outlet of the second chilled water coil. The nozzle flows out, and the water mist nozzle is used for spraying lime water mist;

The security treatment device includes: a smoke inlet, a treatment chamber, an exhaust fan, and a discharge chimney, and the smoke inlet is communicated with the smoke exhaust port of the secondary treatment device; The sequence of the discharge chimney is provided with an active carbon filter layer, a water mist nozzle, a chilled water coil, and an exhaust fan. The chilled water is injected from the water inlet of the chilled water coil and flows out from the water outlet. The water mist nozzle is used to spray Shower tap water, and the exhaust fan is used to discharge safe smoke from the processing chamber into the discharge chimney.

Preferably, there are at least three rows of water curtain nozzles in the preliminary treatment device, and are evenly placed on the top of the treatment chamber of the preliminary treatment device; the preliminary treatment device 101 also includes: placed on the top of the treatment chamber and positioned between the water curtain nozzles The first lower airflow guide partition between them and the first upper airflow guide partition placed at the bottom of the processing chamber, the first lower airflow guide partition is between the two first upper airflow guide partitions;

The water mist nozzles in the secondary treatment device are at least three rows, and are evenly placed on the top of the treatment chamber of the secondary treatment device; the secondary treatment device 102 also includes: placed on the top of the treatment chamber and between the water mist nozzles The second lower airflow guide partition, and the second upper airflow guide partition placed at the bottom of the processing chamber, the second lower airflow guide partition is between the two second upper airflow guide partitions;

There are at least three rows of water mist nozzles in the security treatment device, and they are evenly placed on the top of the treatment room of the security treatment device; The airflow guide partition, and the third upper airflow guide partition placed at the bottom of the processing chamber, the third lower airflow guide partition is located between the two third upper airflow guide partitions.

Preferably, the smoke and dust treatment system further includes: a sewage treatment system; the water inlet pipe of the water curtain nozzle of the primary treatment device and the water inlet pipe of the water mist nozzle of the secondary treatment device are provided with The first circulating water pump;

The lime water of the first circulating water pump is provided by the sewage treatment system.

Preferably, the sewage treatment system includes: a sewage connecting pipe, a sewage collection tank, a treatment room, and a sewage advanced treatment device; the sewage connecting pipe is respectively connected to the primary treatment device, the secondary treatment device, the security The bottom of the treatment chamber of the treatment device is used to collect the generated sewage; the water outlet of the sewage connecting pipe communicates with the water inlet of the sewage collection tank, and the treatment chamber of the sewage treatment system is provided with a reaction tank, a sedimentation tank, a clear water pools, lime pools,

The water outlet of the sewage collection tank is connected with the water inlet of the reaction tank, the water outlet of the upper side wall of the reaction tank is connected with the water inlet at the bottom of the sedimentation tank, and the water outlet of the upper side wall of the sedimentation tank is connected with the water inlet of the sedimentation tank. The water inlet at the bottom of the clean water pool is connected, the first water outlet on the upper side wall of the clean water pool is connected with the water inlet at the bottom of the lime water pool, and the second water outlet is connected with the water inlet of the sewage advanced treatment device.

Preferably, the reaction tank is provided with a first pH meter for detecting the pH of sewage in the reaction tank, a flocculant dosing device, a coagulant dosing device, and an alkaline liquid dosing device.

Preferably, the settling tank is provided with an inclined tube settler for depositing sludge; the bottom of the settling tank is provided with a sludge discharge port; the sewage treatment system also includes a sludge treatment device, and the sludge treatment The device includes a sludge compressor, and the sludge discharge port communicates with a suction port of the sludge compressor.

Preferably, a second pH meter is set in the clear water pool.

Preferably, a lime milk dosing device is provided on the upper part of the lime water pool.

Preferably, the sewage advanced treatment device includes: a water inlet, a treatment chamber, and a reuse pool, and the treatment chamber is sequentially provided with a sand filter device, a carbon filter device, a disinfection device; wherein, the sand filter device and the carbon filter device are equipped with spare sand filter devices and carbon filter devices, and the clear water flowing in from the water inlet of the sewage advanced treatment device flows into the top of the sand filter device Layer-by-layer filtration is performed, and the clear water after sand filtration flows out from the bottom of the sand filter device, flows in from the top of the carbon filter device through a pipeline, and flows out from the bottom of the carbon filter device after carbon filtration.

The embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of soot treatment method, and this method comprises the following steps:

The first cooling water coil, the water curtain nozzle, and the second cooling water coil in the treatment chamber of the primary treatment device are used to respectively perform the first waste heat recovery and the first First washing and second waste heat recovery;

The first chilled water coil, the water mist nozzle, and the second chilled water coil in the treatment chamber of the secondary treatment device are used to conduct the second phase of the flue dust and exhaust gas from the smoke inlet of the secondary treatment device respectively at the smoke inlet. The first cooling and condensation, the second washing, and the second cooling and condensation;

The activated carbon filter layer, water mist nozzle, chilled water coil, and exhaust fan in the treatment room of the security treatment device absorb harmful substances, wash and dry the smoke and exhaust gas from the smoke inlet of the security treatment device in sequence. Exhaust gas, exhaust gas;

Use the sewage treatment system to treat the sewage generated in the primary treatment device, the secondary treatment device, and the security treatment device, and provide recyclable lime for the primary treatment device and the secondary treatment device water.

In the above-mentioned embodiment, the dust and waste gas are treated three times through the primary treatment device, the secondary treatment device and the security treatment device respectively, which reduces the discharge of smoke and dust to the greatest extent, and uses chilled water coils, water curtain nozzles, water mist The nozzle device washes the dust and exhaust gas multiple times, reducing the equipment loss caused by the blockage of dust particles; the use of the primary treatment device also recovers the waste heat of the high-temperature dust and exhaust gas twice, saving energy; the security treatment device is equipped with activated carbon The adsorption layer absorbs harmful substances such as dioxins that are difficult to remove by means of high temperature and chemical reaction, reducing the harm of harmful substances such as dioxins to the environment. In summary, a smoke treatment system provided by the embodiment of the present invention has Features of high efficiency, energy saving and more environmental protection.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a soot treatment system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a preliminary treatment device in a soot treatment system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

3 is a schematic structural diagram of a secondary treatment device in a soot treatment system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a security processing device in a smoke processing system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a built-in sewage treatment system in a smoke treatment system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

6 is a schematic structural view of a sewage advanced treatment device in a sewage treatment system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a flow chart of a smoke treatment method provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

detailed description

In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and effects solved by the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention, not to limit the present invention.

Example 1

A kind of soot treatment system provided by the embodiment of the present invention as shown in Figure 1, the system includes:

Primary processing device 101, secondary processing device 102, security processing device 103;

The primary treatment device 101 includes: a smoke inlet, a treatment chamber and a smoke exhaust outlet, and the treatment chamber is provided with a first cooling water coil, a water curtain nozzle and a second cooling water pan in sequence from the smoke inlet to the smoke outlet pipe; cooling water is injected from the water inlet of the first cooling water coil and the second cooling water coil, and flows out from the water outlet, and the water curtain nozzle is used to spray lime water;

The secondary treatment device 102 includes: a smoke inlet, a treatment chamber and a smoke exhaust port, the smoke inlet is connected with the smoke exhaust port of the primary treatment device; the treatment chamber is sequentially provided with first Chilled water coil, water mist nozzle and the second chilled water coil; chilled water is injected from the water inlet of the first chilled water coil and the second chilled water coil and flows out from the water outlet, and the water mist nozzle is used to spray lime water mist;

The security processing device 103 comprises: a smoke inlet, a treatment chamber, an exhaust fan, and a discharge chimney, and the smoke inlet communicates with the smoke exhaust port of the secondary treatment device; Activated carbon filter layer, water mist nozzle, chilled water coil, exhaust fan, chilled water is injected from the water inlet of the chilled water coil, and flows out from the water outlet, the water mist nozzle is used to spray tap water, and the exhaust fan is used to discharge safe smoke Exhaust from the processing chamber into the exhaust chimney.

In the embodiment, the structure of the primary processing device 101 is shown in FIG. 2 , the structure of the secondary processing device 102 is shown in FIG. 3 , and the structure of the security processing device 103 is shown in FIG. 4 .

Among them, the first cooling water coil in the treatment chamber of the primary treatment device 101 is used for the first cooling of the smoke and exhaust gas from the smoke inlet of the primary treatment device and the first waste heat recovery. The high-temperature flue gas and the first cooling The coils are in contact for heat exchange, the heat in the flue gas is absorbed by the circulating water in the cooling coil, and the water in the cooling coil is heated.

The water curtain nozzle of the primary treatment device 101 is used to cool down the flue dust and exhaust gas after the first cooling. The lime water sprayed by the water curtain nozzle is in a curtain shape similar to a waterfall, and the sprayed lime water is mixed with the flue dust and exhaust gas. Chemical reaction of harmful substances in the air, adsorption of particulate matter in the smoke;

The second cooling water coil at the outlet end of the primary treatment device 101 is used to cool the flue gas cooled by the first cooling coil at the inlet end and the water curtain spray, and recover two parts of waste heat, one part of which is the waste heat of high-temperature flue gas and the other part The recovery of waste heat is to recover the waste heat in the hot water condensed after spraying through the coil pipe submerged in water, because after the normal temperature lime water sprayed by the water curtain nozzle contacts with the high temperature flue gas, the water temperature will increase obviously, becoming The high-temperature hot water exchanges heat with the high-temperature hot water through the second cooling water coil submerged in water, so as to achieve the purpose of heat recovery.

The first cooling water coil and the second cooling water coil are metal pipes with normal temperature water at a certain flow rate inside. After contacting with high temperature flue gas, the normal temperature water is heated and becomes hot water. The recovered hot water can be used for preliminary heating of water for power generation, and can also be used for other industrial or civil purposes, such as heating, preheating of water sources for steam engines, etc.

The bottom plate of the treatment chamber of the primary treatment device 101 has a certain slope, and the sewage generated by the spraying of the water curtain nozzle is collected at the bottom and flows into the sewage communication pipe of the sewage treatment system by its own weight.

The first chilled water coil in the treatment chamber of the secondary treatment device 102 is used to cool and condense the soot and exhaust gas from the smoke inlet of the secondary treatment device. The first chilled water coil condenses the water mist, and the low-temperature water mist Combines with soot particles and sinks to the bottom of the process chamber along with condensation water beads.

The water mist nozzle in the treatment chamber of the secondary treatment device 102 is used to wash the soot and exhaust gas from the smoke inlet of the secondary treatment device for the second time. The water mist nozzle is a spiral nozzle, and the lime water sprayed is more A very fine water mist in the shape of an umbrella. Water mist nozzles of different heights are installed, and the sprayed water becomes multi-level scattered water mist. The main function of water mist is to chemically react with the harmful substances in the pre-treated smoke and exhaust gas and to adsorb the particulate matter in the smoke.

The second chilled water coil in the treatment chamber of the secondary treatment device 102 is used to cool and condense the soot and exhaust gas after the second washing. The second chilled water coil condenses the water mist, and the low-temperature water mist and soot particles Combines and sinks to the bottom of the chamber along with the condensed water beads.

The bottom plate of the treatment chamber of the secondary treatment device 102 also has a certain slope, and the sewage generated by the spraying of the water mist nozzle is collected at the bottom and flows into the sewage communication pipe of the sewage treatment system by its own weight.

The activated carbon filter layer in the treatment chamber of the security treatment device 103 is used to absorb harmful substances such as dioxin from the smoke and waste gas from the smoke inlet of the security treatment device 103, because the smoke passes through the primary treatment device and the secondary treatment device After the treatment, most of the dust and particles have been washed, but there are still a small amount of harmful components such as smoke and dioxins remaining in the flue gas.

In the treatment chamber of the security treatment device 103, a water mist nozzle is also arranged, which is used for the final washing of the smoke and dust before the exhaust gas is discharged. The soot is washed, and at the same time, the tap water is also used as supplementary water for the circulating water of the whole system.

The security treatment device 103 is provided with a chilled water coil at the outlet, which is used to dry the exhaust gas and keep the humidity of the exhaust gas as low as possible, so as to reduce the discharge of smoke and dust into the atmosphere by water mist.

The security processing device 103 is also provided with an exhaust fan, which is used for exhausting the exhaust gas dried by the cooling water coil into the exhaust chimney.

The bottom plate of the treatment chamber of the security treatment device 103 also has a certain slope, and the sewage generated by the spraying of the water mist nozzles is collected at the bottom and flows into the sewage communication pipe of the sewage treatment system by its own weight.

Preferably, there are at least three rows of water curtain nozzles in the preliminary treatment device, and are evenly placed on the top of the treatment chamber of the preliminary treatment device; the preliminary treatment device 101 also includes: placed on the top of the treatment chamber and positioned between the water curtain nozzles The first lower airflow guide partition between them and the first upper airflow guide partition placed at the bottom of the processing chamber, the first lower airflow guide partition is between the two first upper airflow guide partitions;

The water mist nozzle in the secondary treatment device 102 is at least three rows, and is evenly placed on the top of the treatment chamber of the secondary treatment device; the secondary treatment device 102 also includes: placed on the top of the treatment chamber and positioned between the water mist nozzle The second lower airflow guide partition between the two, and the second upper airflow guide partition placed at the bottom of the processing chamber, the second lower airflow guide partition is between the two second upper airflow guide partitions;

There are at least three rows of water mist nozzles in the security processing device 103, and they are evenly placed on the top of the processing room of the security processing device; The three lower airflow guide partitions, and the third upper airflow guide partition placed at the bottom of the processing chamber, the third lower airflow guide partition is located between the two third upper airflow guide partitions.

Preferably, the smoke and dust treatment system further includes: a sewage treatment system, wherein a structural diagram of the sewage treatment system is shown in FIG. 5 .

The water inlet pipe of the water curtain nozzle of the primary treatment device and the water inlet pipe of the water mist nozzle of the secondary treatment device are provided with a first circulating water pump;

The lime water of the first circulating water pump is provided by the sewage treatment system.

During implementation, the water inlet pipe of the water mist nozzle of the security treatment device is provided with a second circulating water pump, which is used to extract high-pressure municipal tap water for the final washing of the smoke and waste gas entering the treatment room of the security treatment device , so that the impurities in the scrubbed exhaust gas are minimized.

Preferably, the sewage treatment system includes: a sewage connecting pipe, a sewage collection tank, a treatment chamber, and a sewage advanced treatment device; The sewage produced; the outlet of the sewage connecting pipe is connected with the water inlet of the sewage collection tank, and the treatment room of the sewage treatment system is equipped with a reaction tank, a sedimentation tank, a clear water tank, and a lime tank.

The water outlet of the sewage collection tank is connected with the water inlet of the reaction tank; the water outlet of the upper side wall of the reaction tank is connected with the water inlet of the bottom of the sedimentation tank; The first water outlet on the side wall of the upper part communicates with the water inlet at the bottom of the lime pool, and the second water outlet communicates with the water inlet of the sewage advanced treatment device.

During the implementation, the sources of sewage are as follows: the water curtain nozzle in the treatment room of the primary treatment device sprays the sewage generated by lime water washing dust and waste gas; the water mist nozzle in the treatment room of the secondary treatment device sprays lime water to wash the smoke dust and waste gas generated The sewage generated by the first chilled water coil or the second chilled water coil in the treatment room of the secondary treatment device, the low-temperature water vapor and the solid particles in the smoke and exhaust gas gather and fall into the sewage generated at the bottom of the treatment room; and the security The water mist nozzle in the treatment chamber of the treatment device sprays tap water to wash the sewage generated by the dust and exhaust gas.

During the implementation, blind ditches are set up around the primary treatment device, secondary treatment device, security treatment device and treatment facilities of the sewage treatment system in the smoke and dust treatment system, and the overflow sewage caused by sludge compression and daily maintenance is collected and connected through sewage. The pipe returns to the sewage collection tank of the sewage treatment system for treatment.

Preferably, the reaction tank is provided with a first pH meter for detecting the pH of sewage in the reaction tank, a flocculant dosing device, a coagulant dosing device, and an alkaline liquid dosing device.

Specifically, after the sewage in the sewage collection pool enters the reaction pool, the first pH meter set in the reaction pool is used to control the dosing amount of the alkaline liquid medicine dosing device set in the reaction pool, so that the acidic substances in the sewage and the alkali The reactive liquid reacts, and makes the suspended particles and colloidal particles in the sewage gather and coagulate under the action of the coagulant and flocculant. The first pH meter controls the pH value of the sewage in the reaction tank to maintain between 6 and 9. The first The pH meter is an online pH meter.

The process of controlling dosing is as follows: first set the required pH value of the sewage in the reaction tank (6 to 9) on the control table of the first pH meter, and detect the pH value in the water by the pH detection probe of the first pH meter. and displayed in the control table. The control table of the first pH meter automatically compares the measured value with the set value. If the measured value is lower than the set value, the dosing pump of the alkaline liquid dosing device is controlled to open; if the measured value reaches the set value , Control the closing of the dosing pump of the alkaline liquid medicine dosing device, which can automatically control the pH value in the sewage within the set value.

Because the sewage contains acidic substances such as HCl, as well as heavy metals such as mercury, cadmium, and lead, the added alkaline liquid reacts with the acidic substances to remove them, and at the same time, the heavy metal ions and the alkaline liquid form colloids or fine suspended particles After adding the coagulant, the fine suspended particles and colloidal substances in the sewage are in a state of destabilization and aggregation through the effects of compressing the double layer, adsorption and bridging, and at the same time, they quickly settle to the bottom of the pool under the coagulation aid of the added flocculant.

The coagulant in the flocculant dosing device is PAM (polyacrylamide) and the like.

The coagulant in the coagulant dosing device is PAC (polyaluminum chloride) and the like.

The alkaline medicinal liquid in the alkaline medicinal liquid dosing device is NaOH solution, Ca(OH) ₂ solution, etc.

In order to keep the water level in the soot treatment system and sewage treatment system constant, the conveying water from the reaction tank to the sedimentation tank adopts the method of water head flow, and the water level in the reaction tank is always consistent with the soot treatment system (primary treatment device, secondary treatment device, security guard, etc.) The water level in the treatment unit) is the same. When the actual water level in the reaction tank is higher than the design water level, it will overflow to the sedimentation tank from the overflow pipe installed on the reaction tank at the same height as the water level.

Preferably, the settling tank is provided with an inclined tube settler for depositing sludge; the bottom of the settling tank is provided with a sludge discharge port; the sewage treatment system also includes a sludge treatment device, which includes a sludge compressor, a sludge The mud discharge port is connected with the suction port of the sludge compressor.

During the implementation, the sewage flows into the sedimentation tank from the reaction tank, and the sedimentation tank is equipped with an inclined tube settler for sedimentation of sludge to improve the effect of sedimentation and separation, shorten the sedimentation time, increase the sedimentation area of the sedimentation tank, quickly realize the separation of mud and water, and achieve effective removal For the purpose of suspended matter and heavy metal ions, the sludge sinks to the bottom of the tank under the action of gravity.

A sludge discharge port is provided at the bottom of the sedimentation tank to discharge the sludge in the sedimentation tank.

Preferably, a second pH meter is set in the clear water pool.

During implementation, a second pH meter is installed in the clean water tank to monitor the pH value in the clean water tank, and to adjust the pH for the last time before the clean water in the clean water tank enters the advanced treatment device, so as to maintain the pH between 6 and 9 .

In order to save water, part of the clean water in the clean water tank is discharged into the lime water tank, and the primary treatment device and the secondary treatment device in the production smoke and dust treatment system need to wash the lime water for cleaning the smoke and exhaust gas.

Preferably, a lime milk dosing device is provided on the upper part of the lime water pool.

In practice, the lime milk dosing device is used to add lime milk to the lime water pool. The supernatant liquid flowing into the lime pool will dilute the lime milk added by the lime milk feeding device, and the diluted lime water will be drawn by the first circulating water pump through the pipeline, and will be sprayed by the water curtain nozzle of the primary treatment device and the water mist nozzle of the secondary treatment device. Drench diluted lime water, wherein the concentration of lime water is controlled by a pH meter installed in the sewage of the secondary treatment device.

Another part of the water in the clean water tank enters the sewage advanced treatment device through the communication pipe between the second water outlet of the clean water tank and the water inlet of the sewage advanced treatment device for advanced sewage treatment.

Preferably, the sewage advanced treatment device includes: a water inlet, a treatment chamber, and a reuse tank, and the treatment chamber is provided with a sand filter device, a carbon filter device, and a disinfection device in sequence from the water inlet to the reuse tank; wherein, the sand filter device and The carbon filter devices are equipped with spare sand filter devices and carbon filter devices. The clean water flowing in from the water inlet of the advanced sewage treatment device flows into the top of the sand filter device for layer-by-layer filtration, and the clean water after sand filtration flows from the bottom of the sand filter device. Flow out, flow in from the top of the carbon filter device through the pipeline, and flow out from the bottom of the carbon filter device after carbon filtration. The structural diagram of the sewage advanced treatment device is shown in Figure 6.

Before the clean water enters the sand filter device, coagulant PAC needs to be added to the clean water to flocculate the particles and colloidal substances in the clean water into large particles to improve the filtration effect. The sand filter device is filled with well-graded quartz sand. The clean water enters from the upper part of the sand filter device. After filtering through the quartz sand layer, the particles and colloidal substances are trapped (can be removed by backwashing), and the clean water flows out from the bottom into the carbon filter device.

The filler of the carbon filter device is coconut shell activated carbon, which can effectively remove most of the organic matter, dioxins, heavy metals and other substances in the clean water by using the adsorption of activated carbon. Clean water enters from the upper part of the carbon filter device, and after being filtered by the activated carbon filter layer, the clean water flows out from the bottom into the reuse pool.

The reuse pool is used to store the reused water after advanced treatment, which can be used for greening or cleaning water after being sterilized by adding disinfectant, so as to achieve the purpose of reuse.

Example 2

As shown in Figure 7, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a soot treatment process, including the following steps:

Step 701: Use the first cooling water coil, the water curtain nozzle, and the second cooling water coil in the treatment chamber of the primary treatment device to perform the first waste heat recovery and the second waste heat recovery for the smoke and exhaust gas from the smoke inlet of the primary treatment device respectively. One washing and second waste heat recovery;

Step 702: Use the first chilled water coil, the water mist nozzle and the second chilled water coil in the treatment chamber of the secondary treatment device to cool and condense the smoke dust and exhaust gas from the smoke inlet of the secondary treatment device respectively for the first time , the second washing, the second cooling and condensation;

Step 703: Use the activated carbon filter layer, water mist nozzle, chilled water coil, and exhaust fan in the treatment room of the security treatment device to absorb harmful substances, wash for the third time, and exhaust gas from the smoke inlet of the security treatment device in sequence. Dry exhaust gas, discharge exhaust gas;

Step 704: Use the sewage treatment system to treat the sewage generated in the primary treatment device, the secondary treatment device, and the security treatment device, and provide recyclable lime water for the primary treatment device and the secondary treatment device.

In step 701, the first cooling water coil in the treatment chamber of the primary treatment device is used to cool down the soot and exhaust gas from the smoke inlet of the primary treatment device and recover the waste heat for the first time, and the high-temperature flue gas and the first cooling The coils are in contact for heat exchange, the heat in the flue gas is absorbed by the circulating water in the cooling coil, and the water in the cooling coil is heated. The temperature of the flue dust is generally higher than 200°C, and the specific temperature is determined by the furnace temperature.

The lime water sprayed by the water curtain nozzle of the primary treatment device is in the form of a curtain (similar to a waterfall), which is used to cool down the smoke and exhaust gas after the first cooling, and the sprayed lime water and the harmful substances in the smoke and exhaust gas Carry out a chemical reaction to absorb particulate matter in the smoke;

The second cooling water coil at the outlet of the primary treatment device is used to cool the flue gas that has been cooled by the first cooling coil at the inlet and the water curtain spray, and recover two parts of waste heat, one part of which is the waste heat of high-temperature flue gas and the other part The recovery of waste heat is to recover the waste heat in the hot water condensed after spraying through the coil pipe submerged in water, because after the normal temperature lime water sprayed by the water curtain nozzle contacts with the high temperature flue gas, the water temperature will increase obviously, becoming The high-temperature hot water exchanges heat with the high-temperature hot water through the second cooling water coil submerged in water, so as to achieve the purpose of heat recovery.

The first cooling water coil and the second cooling water coil are metal pipes with normal temperature water at a certain flow rate inside. After contacting with high temperature flue gas, the normal temperature water is heated and becomes hot water. The recovered hot water can be used for preliminary heating of water for power generation, and can also be used for other industrial or civil purposes, such as heating, preheating of water sources for steam engines, etc.

Several drainage curtain nozzles are evenly distributed on the top plate of the treatment chamber of the primary treatment device, and the first lower airflow guide partition and the first upper airflow guide partition are installed between every 2-3 rows of nozzles, wherein the first lower airflow guide partition is located in the treatment area. At the top of the chamber, the first upper airflow guide partition is placed at the bottom of the processing chamber, the first lower airflow guide partition is between the two first upper airflow guide partitions, and the flue dust airflow cooled by the first cooling water coil is The clapboard is guided to flow up and down and is forced to accept several times of spraying. After the dust is sprayed with lime water, the temperature is cooled again. The acidic substances in the system undergo a neutralization reaction to achieve the purpose of cooling the smoke, removing acidic substances and preliminary washing.

The bottom plate of the treatment chamber of the primary treatment device has a certain slope, and the sewage generated by the spraying of the water curtain nozzle is collected at the bottom and flows into the sewage communication pipe of the sewage treatment system by its own weight.

In step 702, the first chilled water coil in the treatment chamber of the secondary treatment device is used to cool and condense the soot and exhaust gas from the smoke inlet of the secondary treatment device, the first chilled water coil condenses the water mist, and the low-temperature water The mist combines with the soot particles and sinks to the bottom of the process chamber along with condensation water beads.

The water mist nozzle in the treatment chamber of the secondary treatment device is used to wash the smoke and exhaust gas from the smoke inlet of the secondary treatment device for the second time. The water mist nozzle is a spiral nozzle, and the lime water sprayed is a multi-layer umbrella surface. Very fine water mist. Water mist nozzles of different heights are installed, and the sprayed water becomes multi-layer scattered water mist. The main function of water mist is to chemically react with the harmful substances in the pre-treated smoke and exhaust gas and to adsorb the particulate matter in the smoke.

The second chilled water coil in the treatment chamber of the secondary treatment device is used to cool and condense the soot and exhaust gas after the second washing, and the second chilled water coil condenses the water mist, and the low-temperature water mist combines with the soot particles, and Sinks to the bottom of the chamber along with the condensed water beads.

The top of the treatment chamber of the secondary treatment device is evenly distributed with several drainage mist nozzles, at least three rows, and a second lower airflow guide partition and a second upper airflow guide partition are installed between every 2-3 rows of nozzles, wherein the second lower airflow The guide partition is located at the top of the processing chamber, the second upper airflow guide partition is placed at the bottom of the processing chamber, the second lower airflow guide partition is between the two second upper airflow guide partitions, and the airflow is guided by the partition to flow up and down. Forced to be sprayed several times to achieve the purpose of washing dust again, removing acidic substances and heavy metals.

The bottom plate of the treatment chamber of the secondary treatment device also has a certain slope, and the sewage generated by the spraying of the water mist nozzle is collected at the bottom and flows into the sewage connecting pipe of the sewage treatment system by its own weight.

In step 703, the activated carbon filter layer in the treatment chamber of the security treatment device is used to absorb harmful substances from the smoke and waste gas from the smoke inlet of the security treatment device, because after the flue gas is treated by the primary treatment device and the secondary treatment device, Most of the dust and particles have been washed, but there are still a small amount of smoke and dioxins and other harmful components remaining in the flue gas. The security treatment device is equipped with an activated carbon filter layer to absorb harmful components such as dioxins in the exhaust gas.

In step 703, a water mist nozzle is also set up for the final washing of the smoke and dust before the exhaust gas is discharged. In order to prevent the smoke and dust in the circulating water from being brought into the treatment room of the security treatment device, pressurized tap water is used for spraying to wash the smoke and dust. At the same time, the tap water It is also used as supplementary water for the circulating water of the whole system.

There are at least three rows of water mist nozzles in the security treatment device, and they are evenly placed on the top of the treatment room of the security treatment device; a third lower airflow guide partition and a third upper airflow guide partition are installed between every 2-3 rows of nozzles , the third lower airflow guide partition is placed on the top of the processing chamber and between the water mist nozzles, the third upper airflow guide partition is placed at the bottom of the processing chamber, the third lower airflow guide partition is between the two third upper airflow guide between the partitions. After being adsorbed by the activated carbon layer, the flue gas flow is guided to flow up and down by the partition and is forced to receive several times of spraying. After the flue dust is sprayed with tap water, the dust and some heavy metals in the gas flow are absorbed by the lime water and fall into the bottom of the primary treatment chamber. Impurities in the exhaust gas to be emitted may be reduced.

The security treatment device is equipped with a chilled water coil at the outlet to keep the humidity of the exhaust gas as low as possible, so as to reduce the smoke and dust brought out by the water mist and discharged into the atmosphere. The exhaust fan discharges the exhaust gas dried by the cooling water coil into the exhaust chimney.

The bottom plate of the treatment chamber of the security treatment device also has a certain slope, and the sewage generated by the spraying of the water mist nozzle is collected at the bottom and flows into the sewage connecting pipe of the sewage treatment system by its own weight.

Wherein the sewage treatment system in step 704 specifically includes: a sewage connecting pipe, a sewage collection tank, a treatment room, and a sewage advanced treatment device;

There are multiple sewage connecting pipes, which are respectively connected to the bottom of the treatment room of the primary treatment device, secondary treatment device, and security treatment device, and collect the treatment chambers of the primary treatment device, secondary treatment device, and security treatment device for dust and dust. Sewage generated during waste gas treatment.

Among them, the sources of sewage are as follows: the water curtain nozzle in the treatment room of the primary treatment device sprays the sewage generated by lime water washing dust and waste gas; the water mist nozzle in the treatment room of the secondary treatment device sprays lime water to wash the smoke dust and waste gas Sewage, the sewage generated by the low-temperature water vapor generated by the first chilled water coil or the second chilled water coil in the treatment room of the secondary treatment device and the solid particles in the smoke and exhaust gas, which fall into the bottom of the treatment room; and security treatment The water mist nozzle in the treatment chamber of the device sprays tap water to wash the sewage generated by the dust and exhaust gas.

During the implementation, blind ditches are set up around the primary treatment device, secondary treatment device, security treatment device and treatment facilities of the sewage treatment system in the smoke and dust treatment system, and the overflow sewage caused by sludge compression and daily maintenance is collected and connected through sewage. The pipe returns to the sewage collection tank of the sewage treatment system for treatment.

The water outlet of the sewage connecting pipe is connected with the water inlet of the sewage collection tank, and the treatment room of the sewage treatment system is equipped with a reaction tank, a sedimentation tank, a clear water tank, and a lime water tank;

The water outlet of the sewage collection tank is connected with the water inlet of the reaction tank; the water outlet of the upper side wall of the reaction tank is connected with the water inlet of the bottom of the sedimentation tank; The first water outlet on the side wall of the upper part communicates with the water inlet at the bottom of the lime pool, and the second water outlet communicates with the water inlet of the sewage advanced treatment device.

Preferably, the reaction tank is provided with a first pH meter for detecting the pH of sewage in the reaction tank, a flocculant dosing device, a coagulant dosing device, and an alkaline liquid dosing device.

Specifically, after the sewage in the sewage collection pool enters the reaction pool, the first pH meter set in the reaction pool is used to control the dosing amount of the alkaline liquid medicine dosing device set in the reaction pool, so that the acidic substances in the sewage and the alkali The reactive liquid reacts, and makes the suspended particles and colloidal particles in the sewage gather and coagulate under the action of the coagulant and flocculant. The first pH meter controls the pH value of the sewage in the reaction tank to maintain between 6 and 9. The first The pH meter is an online pH meter.

The process of controlling dosing is as follows: first set the required pH value of the sewage in the reaction tank (6 to 9) on the control table of the first pH meter, and detect the pH value in the water by the pH detection probe of the first pH meter. and displayed in the control table. The control table of the first pH meter automatically compares the measured value with the set value. If the measured value is lower than the set value, the dosing pump of the alkaline liquid dosing device is controlled to open; if the measured value reaches the set value , Control the closing of the dosing pump of the alkaline liquid medicine dosing device, which can automatically control the pH value in the sewage within the set value.

Because the sewage contains acidic substances such as HCl, as well as heavy metals such as mercury, cadmium, and lead, the added alkaline liquid reacts with the acidic substances to remove them, and at the same time, the heavy metal ions and the alkaline liquid form colloids or fine suspended particles After adding the coagulant, the fine suspended particles and colloidal substances in the sewage are in a state of destabilization and aggregation through the effects of compressing the double layer, adsorption and bridging, and at the same time, they quickly settle to the bottom of the pool under the coagulation aid of the added flocculant.

The coagulant in the flocculant dosing device is PAM (polyacrylamide) and the like.

The coagulant in the coagulant dosing device is PAC (polyaluminum chloride) and the like.

The alkaline medicinal liquid in the alkaline medicinal liquid dosing device is NaOH solution, Ca(OH) ₂ solution, etc.

In order to keep the water level in the soot treatment system and sewage treatment system constant, the conveying water from the reaction tank to the sedimentation tank adopts the method of water head flow, and the water level in the reaction tank is always consistent with the soot treatment system (primary treatment device, secondary treatment device, security guard, etc.) The water level in the treatment unit) is the same. When the actual water level in the reaction tank is higher than the design water level, it will overflow to the sedimentation tank from the overflow pipe installed on the reaction tank at the same height as the water level.

Preferably, the sewage flows into the sedimentation tank from the reaction tank, and the sedimentation tank is equipped with an inclined tube settler for sedimentation of sludge to improve the effect of sedimentation and separation, shorten the sedimentation time, increase the sedimentation area of the sedimentation tank, and quickly realize the separation of mud and water to achieve effective For the purpose of removing suspended solids and heavy metal ions, the sludge sinks to the bottom of the tank under the action of gravity.

A sludge discharge port is provided at the bottom of the sedimentation tank to discharge the sludge in the sedimentation tank.

The sewage treatment system also includes a sludge treatment device, the sludge treatment device includes a sludge compressor, and the sludge discharge port communicates with the sludge suction port of the sludge compressor.

The supernatant in the sedimentation tank flows into the clear water tank through the communication pipe between the water outlet on the upper side wall of the sedimentation tank and the water inlet at the bottom of the clear water tank.

Preferably, a second pH meter is provided in the clean water tank for monitoring the pH value in the clean water tank, and the final pH adjustment is performed before the clean water in the clean water tank enters the advanced treatment device, so that the pH is maintained between 6-9 between.

In order to save water, part of the clean water in the clean water tank is discharged into the lime water tank, and the primary treatment device and the secondary treatment device in the production smoke and dust treatment system need to wash the lime water for cleaning the smoke and exhaust gas.

Preferably, a lime milk dosing device is provided on the upper part of the lime water pool for adding lime milk to the lime water pool. The supernatant liquid flowing into the lime pool will dilute the lime milk added by the lime milk dosing device, and the diluted lime water will be drawn by the first circulating water pump through the pipeline, and supplied to the water curtain nozzle of the primary treatment device and the water mist nozzle of the secondary treatment device. Spray diluted lime water, wherein the concentration of lime water is controlled by a pH meter installed in the sewage of the secondary treatment device.

Another part of the water in the clean water tank enters the sewage advanced treatment device through the communication pipe between the second water outlet of the clean water tank and the water inlet of the sewage advanced treatment device for advanced sewage treatment.

Preferably, the sewage advanced treatment device includes: a water inlet, a treatment chamber, a reuse tank, and the treatment chamber is provided with a sand filter device, a carbon filter device, and a disinfection device in sequence from the water inlet to the reuse tank; wherein, the sand filter device Both the carbon filter and the carbon filter device are equipped with a spare sand filter device and carbon filter device to ensure that one group can be backwashed while the other group can operate normally; the clean water flowing in from the water inlet of the sewage advanced treatment device flows into the top of the sand filter device After layer-by-layer filtration, the clean water after sand filtration flows out from the bottom of the sand filter device, flows in from the top of the carbon filter device through pipes, and flows out from the bottom of the carbon filter device after carbon filtration.

Before the clean water enters the sand filter device, coagulant PAC needs to be added to the clean water to flocculate the particles and colloidal substances in the clean water into large particles to improve the filtration effect. The sand filter device is filled with well-graded quartz sand. The clean water enters from the upper part of the sand filter device. After filtering through the quartz sand layer, the particles and colloidal substances are trapped (can be removed by backwashing), and the clean water flows out from the bottom into the carbon filter device.

The filler of the carbon filter device is coconut shell activated carbon, which can effectively remove most of the organic matter, dioxins, heavy metals and other substances in the clean water by using the adsorption of activated carbon. Clean water enters from the upper part of the carbon filter device, and after being filtered by the activated carbon filter layer, the clean water flows out from the bottom into the reuse pool.

The reuse pool is used to store the reused water after advanced treatment, which can be used for greening or cleaning water after being sterilized by adding disinfectant, so as to achieve the purpose of reuse.

While preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, additional changes and modifications to these embodiments can be made by those skilled in the art once the basic inventive concept is appreciated. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be construed to cover the preferred embodiment and all changes and modifications which fall within the scope of the application.

Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalent technologies, the present invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims (10)

1. A smoke and dust treatment system, characterized in that it comprises: a primary treatment device, a secondary treatment device, and a security treatment device; The primary treatment device includes: a smoke inlet, a treatment chamber and a smoke exhaust outlet, and the first cooling water coil, the water curtain nozzle and the second Cooling water coil; cooling water is injected from the water inlet of the first cooling water coil and the second cooling water coil, and flows out from the water outlet, and the water curtain nozzle is used to spray lime water; The secondary treatment device includes: a smoke inlet, a treatment chamber and a smoke exhaust port, the smoke inlet is communicated with the smoke exhaust port of the primary treatment device; A first chilled water coil, a water mist nozzle, and a second chilled water coil are arranged in sequence; chilled water is injected from the water inlet of the first chilled water coil and the second chilled water coil, and is injected from the outlet of the second chilled water coil. The nozzle flows out, and the water mist nozzle is used for spraying lime water mist; The security treatment device includes: a smoke inlet, a treatment chamber, an exhaust fan, and a discharge chimney, and the smoke inlet is communicated with the smoke exhaust port of the secondary treatment device; The sequence of the discharge chimney is provided with an active carbon filter layer, a water mist nozzle, a chilled water coil, and an exhaust fan. The chilled water is injected from the water inlet of the chilled water coil and flows out from the water outlet. The water mist nozzle is used to spray Shower tap water, and the exhaust fan is used to discharge safe smoke from the processing chamber into the discharge chimney. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein: There are at least three rows of water curtain nozzles in the primary treatment device, and they are evenly placed on the top of the treatment chamber of the primary treatment device; the primary treatment device also includes: placed on the top of the treatment chamber and located at the top of the water curtain nozzle The first lower airflow guide partition and the first upper airflow guide partition placed at the bottom of the processing chamber, the first lower airflow guide partition is between the two first upper airflow guide partitions between; The water mist nozzles in the secondary treatment device are at least three rows, and are evenly placed on the top of the treatment chamber of the secondary treatment device; the secondary treatment device also includes: placed on the top of the treatment chamber And the second lower airflow guide partition between the water mist nozzles, and the second upper airflow guide partition placed at the bottom of the processing chamber, the second lower airflow guide partition is between the two The second upper airflow guides between the partitions; There are at least three rows of water mist nozzles in the security treatment device, and they are evenly placed on the top of the treatment room of the security treatment device; the security treatment device also includes: placed on the top of the treatment room and located at the water The third lower airflow guide partition between the mist nozzles, and the third upper airflow guide partition placed at the bottom of the processing chamber, the third lower airflow guide partition is between the two third upper airflow guides between partitions. 3. The system according to claim 2, further comprising: a sewage treatment system; The water inlet pipe of the water curtain nozzle of the primary treatment device and the water inlet pipe of the water mist nozzle of the secondary treatment device are provided with a first circulating water pump; The lime water of the first circulating water pump is provided by the sewage treatment system. 4. The system according to claim 3, wherein the sewage treatment system comprises: a sewage connecting pipe, a sewage collection tank, a treatment chamber, and a sewage advanced treatment device; the sewage connecting pipes are respectively connected to the primary treatment device , the bottom of the treatment chamber of the secondary treatment device and the security treatment device are used to collect the generated sewage; the water outlet of the sewage connecting pipe communicates with the water inlet of the sewage collection tank, and the sewage treatment system treats There are reaction tanks, sedimentation tanks, clear water tanks and lime water tanks in the chamber. The water outlet of the sewage collection tank is connected with the water inlet of the reaction tank, the water outlet of the upper side wall of the reaction tank is connected with the water inlet at the bottom of the sedimentation tank, and the water outlet of the upper side wall of the sedimentation tank is connected with the water inlet of the sedimentation tank. The water inlet at the bottom of the clean water pool is connected, the first water outlet on the upper side wall of the clean water pool is connected with the water inlet at the bottom of the lime water pool, and the second water outlet is connected with the water inlet of the sewage advanced treatment device. 5. system as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that, is provided with the first pH meter, flocculant dosing device, coagulant dosing device, Alkaline liquid medicine dosing device. 6. The system according to claim 4, wherein the settling tank is provided with an inclined tube settler for depositing sludge; the bottom of the settling tank is provided with a sludge discharge port; the sewage treatment system also A sludge treatment device is included, and the sludge treatment device includes a sludge compressor, and the sludge discharge port communicates with a suction port of the sludge compressor. 7. The system according to claim 4, wherein a second pH meter is arranged in the clear water tank. 8. The system according to claim 4, characterized in that a lime milk dosing device is arranged on the upper part of the lime water pool. 9. The system according to claim 4, wherein the advanced sewage treatment device comprises: a water inlet, a treatment chamber, and a reuse pool, and the treatment chamber is sequentially arranged from the water inlet to the reuse pool A sand filter device, a carbon filter device, and a disinfection device are provided; wherein, the sand filter device and the carbon filter device are equipped with a spare sand filter device and a carbon filter device, which flow into the water from the water inlet of the advanced sewage treatment device The clean water flows through the top of the sand filter device for layer-by-layer filtration, and the sand-filtered clean water flows out from the bottom of the sand filter device, flows in from the top of the carbon filter device through pipelines, and flows from the carbon filter device after carbon filtration. The bottom of the carbon filter unit flows out. 10. A smoke treatment method, characterized in that, comprising the steps of: The first cooling water coil, the water curtain nozzle, and the second cooling water coil in the treatment chamber of the primary treatment device are used to respectively perform the first waste heat recovery and the first First washing and second waste heat recovery; The first chilled water coil, the water mist nozzle and the second chilled water coil in the treatment chamber of the secondary treatment device are used to cool and condense the smoke dust and exhaust gas from the smoke inlet of the secondary treatment device respectively for the first time, The second washing, the second cooling and condensation; The activated carbon filter layer, water mist nozzle, chilled water coil, and exhaust fan in the treatment room of the security treatment device absorb harmful substances, wash and dry the smoke and exhaust gas from the smoke inlet of the security treatment device in sequence. Exhaust gas, exhaust gas; Use the sewage treatment system to treat the sewage generated in the primary treatment device, the secondary treatment device, and the security treatment device, and provide recyclable lime for the primary treatment device and the secondary treatment device water.