CN105293766B - Heavy industries sewage disposal fundamental technology - Google Patents
Heavy industries sewage disposal fundamental technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN105293766B CN105293766B CN201510703224.3A CN201510703224A CN105293766B CN 105293766 B CN105293766 B CN 105293766B CN 201510703224 A CN201510703224 A CN 201510703224A CN 105293766 B CN105293766 B CN 105293766B
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Abstract
Heavy industries sewage disposal fundamental technology disclosed by the invention, including level-one sewage disposal core process, in put auxiliary, secondary sewage processing core processing step, pH value based on each process point water body in whole technological process is controlled, and can carry out parameters setting according to the requirement of water-in and water-out index.The present invention can fully ensure the following representative feature and advantage of the ion isolation medicament of applicant in practical applications：Dosage few (10 300 grams of ton water), the dispensing of direct solid-state are not required to dilution, processing is not required to caching (reaction speed 3 15 minutes) to sewage in real time, water body content removal rate is up to more than 80%, and can according to and meet all kinds of sewage disposal discharge indexs of country, treated water colorless free from extraneous odour, generated without secondary harmful chemical and flocculation moisture percentage in sewage sludge it is low (<35%), odorless, non-sticky glutinous etc..
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to sewage treatment process and method field, dirty for various heavy industries more particularly to one kind
The fundamental technology and method of water process.
Background technology
In recent years, with the development of demographic and economic, environmental problem getting worse, the Chinese government and numerous people give height
Degree is paid attention to.Wherein water pollution the problem of become numerous environmental problems in compare emphasis problem, water pollution causes soil pollution, then
Cause air pollution, destroy whole ecological environment.The main source of water pollution is sanitary sewage and trade effluent, wherein industry is dirty
Water stands in the breach, and heavy industries sewage is one of priority industry waste water, and human body and environment are harmful to.
So-called heavy metal is using metal and metallic ore as raw material, by a series of reaction of chemical technologies, is translated into
And produce the various industry containing metal product.Difference based on production technology Yu output product, heavy metal are broadly divided into electricity
Plating, automobile making and repair, precision instrument, semiconductor, household electrical appliances manufacture, shipbuilding, battery etc..Since raw material forms and produces
The difference of process conditions, Pollutants in Wastewater content and type are not quite similar.Heavy metal enterprise wastewater pollutant emission standard is pressed
According to GB8978-1996《Integrated wastewater discharge standard》It performs and each special project each special project that country and place are promulgated in recent years is dirty
Object discharge standard is contaminated to perform.Usually there are three types of discharging modes for water after heavy industries sewage business processes：Zero-emission, to sewage plant
Discharge and direct emission；Zero-emission, that is, water fully recovering after handling, enterprise is for the chlorion in water after processing in this case
Be concerned about very much with content of fluoride ion and enterprise's critical concern and investigate index, and zero-emission can be enterprise save cost,
It usually encourages to carry out enterprise's Treated sewage reusing；Another is that water after processing is discharged into industrial park or urban wastewater treatment
Factory, the index of water has to comply with industrial park water inlet index related to urban wastewater treatment firm after business processes in this case
It is required that；The third direct emission, at present the treatment effect of enterprise's heavy industries sewage cannot generally meet it is national related directly
The standard and requirement of discharge, are not allowed to usually.
The characteristics of heavy industries sewage quality complicated component, waste water is：
1) physical characteristic：Suspended matter and turbidity are high, and usual coloration is high, opaque；Stink weight；
2) salt content is high：Mainly sulfate, chloride and fluoride, total salt content is usually in 2-4g/L；
3) content of beary metal is high：Heavy metal is mainly mercury, lead, copper, cadmium, chromium etc., 1.0-500mg/L etc.；
4) COD (COD) is high：Usual COD may be up to 2,000-5,000mg/L etc.；
At present, heavy industries sewage disposal is mainly comprehensive uses three kinds of technical sides such as Physical, chemical method and bioanalysis
Formula；Wherein Physical includes multiple-effect evaporation, ionization, reverse osmosis membrane, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration etc., needs a large amount of electric power energy, especially
The operation expense of membrane technology is fairly expensive；And chemical method typically adds in high molecular oxidant (iron oxygen, sweet smell in water
Etc.) and chemical floc (such as polyacrylamide (PAM) or aluminium polychloride (PAC)) etc.；But chemical floc is deposited
Dosage is big, good water dilution in advance and match, staticly settle for a long time, can not stir, generate secondary chemical hazard substance and
Generate sludge moisture content it is high the shortcomings that, unavoidably actual process and operation in there are it is bigger the problem of；Such as flocculation speed
Degree is slow, and flow caching and reaction auxiliary facility take up a large area, and water resource and land wastage ratio are more serious, and two are formed to water environment
The problem of secondary pollution etc., bigger is that very big puzzlement can be brought to the Treatment of Sludge that it is generated using chemical floc, not only
Very big electrical energy drive sludge filter press or centrifuge, and sludge smell is very smelly, the moisture content of sludge is still after processing
Up to more than 60%.Biochemical process is widely used at present, and especially in sanitary sewage disposal, advantage is to stablize, is effective, transporting
Seek at low cost, but its limitation is can not to handle high-enriched organics and the very poor waste water of biodegradabilities such as with high salt, instead
Multiple bacteria domestication and culture difficulty height or even some wastewater from chemical industry also are able to kill biochemical activity bacterium；Though this is also current China
Right urban wastewater treatment firm is in large scale, but still to garbage leachate and helpless industrial wastewater the reason of.
Invention content
In order to solve the above problem in heavy industries sewage disposal, the present invention for applicant proprietary technology product from
Son separation medicament (number of patent application：ZL 201480001546.7) and specially designed heavy industries sewage disposal basis work
Skill.The method for optimizing conventional physical processing heavy industries sewage has evaded chemical method processing heavy industries sewage
Drawback, and the technique of biochemical method processing heavy industries sewage can be combined, expand heavy industries sewage disposal range, improve
Heavy industries wastewater treatment efficiency.
Number of patent application：The composition of processing waste water involved in 2014 8 0001546.7, it includes：Percentage by weight
Number, 43.7-46.2% bentonites；24.1-25.9% aluminum sulfate (Al2 (SO4) 3), wherein, the grain size of Al2 (SO4) 3 is 18-74
μm；19.2-20.8% ceramic powders；4.8-5.2% chitosans, wherein, the grain size of chitosan is 44 μm；With 4.8-5.2% carbonic acid
Calcium (CaCO3).The medicament is ion isolation medicament, and is solid powder particle.
The present invention is the huge sum of money made to measure for above-mentioned sewage treatment product (including ion isolation medicament and device product)
Belong to Industrial Waste Water Treatments fundamental technology and method, can fully ensure the dosage of ion isolation medicament is few (10-300 grams of ton water),
Direct solid-state dispensing is not required to dilution, sewage, and processing is not required to caching (reaction speed 3-15 minutes), water body content removal rate in real time
Up to more than 80%, can according to and meet all kinds of sewage disposal discharge indexs of country, treated water colorless free from extraneous odour, without secondary
Harmful chemical and flocculation generate sludge moisture content it is low (<35%), odorless, it is non-sticky glutinous the characteristics of and advantage.The present invention
The middle ion isolation medicament used is the solid powder preparation prepared completely with natural biologic material extraction, based on ion isolation skill
Art and charging neutrality principle carry out sewage disposal.Its Basic Mechanism is by content in water body (particle, molecule and macromolecular chain
Ring) it is adsorbed and is polymerize, agglomerate flocculation sediment and the mode removed from water body are formed, reverses and has overturned at traditional wastewater
Concept is managed, is the breakthrough promotion to physical absorption in sewage disposal technology system and flocculation technique.Above-mentioned sewage treatment product
Widely used chemical floc product in current industry can not only be replaced completely, but also can in advance be located in sewage disposal system
It plays a significant role in the control of reason and water pollution point source and Treatment of Sludge.
The invented technology can be used as individual sewage disposal fundamental technology template to carry out practical application, can also flexibly increase
Or remove other process matched therewiths, itself can also be used in series, be widely portable to various sewage disposal system techniques, pretreatment,
End-o f-pipe -control and Treatment of Sludge link not only ensure the stability of effluent characteristics, reduce comprehensive operation cost, but also to existing dirt
Water treatment system transformation is simple (can retain existing utility and investment, such as biochemical system), create sewage disposal system investment it is low,
Short time limit, floor space are small, quick.
Heavy industries sewage disposal fundamental technology disclosed by the invention and method include technological process and each
Specific control mode on technological process node.The present invention is based on heavy industries sewage disposal fundamental technology and method, for
The including but not limited to industries such as plating, automobile making and repair, precision instrument, semiconductor, household electrical appliances manufacture, shipbuilding, battery,
The heavy industries sewage disposal generated in production technology carries out technique and method is formulated, with strong points and economical, efficient,
It is environmentally friendly, effective.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
The operating condition of ion isolation medicament is：
1st, processed water body pH value is adjusted to 7.0-9.0；
2nd, ion isolation medicament is directly launched under solid state powder state in processed water body, and processed water body will pass through
Independent high-speed stirred and independent stirring at low speed, to improve adsorption efficiency and ion isolation degree.
3rd, by inclination plate settling facility separation by treated water and sludge.
The process flow chart of heavy industries sewage disposal fundamental technology of the present invention is as shown in Figure 1, including 1. level-one sewage
Processing core technique, 2. in put auxiliary, the 3. sub- technique such as secondary sewage processing core technique.Detailed sub- technique and each process point
Flow, parameter, control and operating method step are described as follows：
First, 1. level-one sewage disposal core processThe process flow chart as shown in Fig. 2, includingAdjust,Instead
Should,Flocculation andFour sub- techniques such as filtering sedimentation.Sub- technique and each process point flow, parameter, control and operating method
Step is described as follows：
A, it adjusts：Have and add the flow of ion isolation pharmacy work condition and thus enter, mainly include comprehensive adjustment and
Several links such as pH detections.Detailed description are as follows：
1) inflow requirement：Book technique for the present invention first sub- technique, water inlet source be pending waste water raw water or
Water after person's raw water aid in treatment；According to the water velocity that the capacity of inflow and reaction process link reaction tank determines, adjust
Section water inlet water velocity, it is ensured that water body flow time in two sub- process procedures of subsequent reactions and flocculation is 3-15 minutes；
2) water pH value：PH value detection sensor is detected for adjusting, according to determining overall process requirements, control
Acid adding processed and plus the formation of two links of alkali automatically control feedback subsystem, it is ensured that stablize before water pH value dispensing in 7.0-9.0 models
In enclosing.The pH value range that this link is subjected to water body is 3.0-11.0.Water pH value setting is most important to the present invention, the present invention
The ion isolation medicament being related to is very high to the susceptibility of water pH value, if the pH value of water body is less than 6.0, ion isolation medicament
It does not react；If the pH value of water body is higher than 9.0, ion isolation pharmaceutical use will greatly increase.
3) molecule degrees of exposure：The molecule degrees of exposure of present invention acquiescence water inlet should meet ionic adsorption condition, if in water body
Molecule degrees of exposure can not meet ionic adsorption condition, can present invention process water inlet before increase acidification, aeration, activated sludge
Etc. traditional handicrafts processing, then enter back into present invention process；
4) water outlet flow direction：After the completion of governing loop, treatment sewage sequential flow is reacted into sub- process procedure to subsequent.
B, it reacts：It reacts sub- process procedure and includes two links such as high-speed stirred, Adding medicine control.Water body is in this flow time
Control is needed at 3-15 minutes.Link is provided with reaction tank thus in usual Practical Project.It is described in detail as follows：
1) into water process：Book technique water inlet source is the adjacent regulator technique of the front；Book technique is in practical work
Dedicated reaction tank is needed to configure in journey；The capacity of reaction tank flows through 3-15 points of reaction tank according to pending water with reference to flow
The time of clock and the rated power of stirring motor are determined.Such as 20 tphs of water, need 1.2 cubic metres of appearances
Long-pending reaction tank configuration；
2) high-speed stirred：Generally use stirring motor driving stirrer paddle keeps the uniform high speed that 700-950 per minute turns
Stirring；In order to enhance the contact of content and ion isolation effect in water body, usual reaction tank uses square cross-sectional configuration, water
Stablize after body stirring and form deeper funnel shape；After high-speed stirred is formed, you can require to be thrown according to sewage disposal
Medicine；
3) Adding medicine control：According to sewage feature to be processed, by the ion isolation medicine of the solid powder of all kinds of required dispensings
Agent is put into water successively, the ion isolation medicament average aggregate dosage sewage 10-300g per ton launched, is continued at a high speed in water body
In the state of stirring, the physical index of water body is promoted, including odor, coloration and turbidity etc., while promotes the suspension of removal water body
Object, heavy metal and other organic chemistry indexs.Water body flowed through this process time as 3-15 minutes；The required medicament that adds all is solid
It is directly added into sewage under body pulverulence, the application methods such as this point and the chemical floc that is commonly used in the industry have bright
Aobvious difference.Traditional chemical flocculant needs to make good use of water dilution before use at present, and dosing dispensing is then carried out in a manner of liquid,
It is time-consuming and laborious, it is of high cost.For heavy industries sewage disposal, the B- reaction link intermediate ions in the sub- technique detach medicament
Dosage needs are adjusted to 30-150 grams of ton sewage
4) water outlet flow direction：Processed water body is 3-15 minutes reacting sub- technique flow time, enters sub- work of flocculating later
Skill.
C, it flocculates：Two links such as the sub- process procedure that flocculates is including mixing slowly, pH value detection.Water body is in this flow time
Control is needed at 3-15 minutes.Link is provided with flocculation basin thus in usual Practical Project.It is described in detail as follows：
1) into water process：Book technique water inlet source is the sub- technique of the adjacent reaction of the front；The capacity of flocculation basin according to
Pending water, the rated power that the flocculation basin time of 3-15 minutes and stirring motor are flowed through with reference to flow are determined.Example
Such as 20 tphs of water, the flocculation basin configuration of 1.2 cubic metres of volumes is needed；
2) it mixes slowly：Generally use stirring motor driving stirrer paddle keeps the uniform low speed that 160-280 per minute turns
Stirring；In order to enhance the caking flocculation effect in water body between small coagulated particles, usual flocculation basin is identical with above-mentioned reaction tank
Also using square cross-sectional configuration, stablize after water body stirring and form very shallow funnel shape；The flocculation process stage is not required to
It offers medicine；
It is emphasized that：The chemical agent that general sewage treatment process uses, when can only be long in the C flocculation process stages
Between stand natural sedimentation and cannot be stirred, will be unable to form ideal flocculating effect once being stirred；The present invention uses
Ion isolation medicament overturned this traditional concept, using ion isolation medicament of the present invention, in the flocculation process stage
It by the cohesion of the little particle flocculate of reacted formation is agglomerate flocculate that the purpose being stirred, which is, is slightly agitated for that wadding can be enhanced
Solidifying effect, the filtering for next step settle work and prepare, and the effect of settling of agglomerate flocculate is more preferable.
3) water pH value detects：PH value detection sensor is detected for flocculation basin water body, and detection probe is located at pond body
Middle and lower part.According to the faintly acid of ion isolation pharmacy work mechanism of the present invention and drug in itself, drug book after the reaction was complete
Operation stage water pH value should be between 6.0-9.0；If water pH value is higher, it was demonstrated that reacts sub- operation stage addition medicament
Not enough, need to control the cast feeder in reaction process to increase dosage；Conversely, reduce dosage；
4) water outlet flow direction：Processed water body is 3-15 minutes in the sub- technique flow time that flocculates, and is settled later into filtering
Sub- technique.
D, filtering settles：Filtering settles sub- process procedure and includes sedimentation, filtering water outlet, water quality detection and mating sludge
Five links such as discharge and parameter adjustment.Water body needs to control at least 3-15 minutes in this flow time.In usual Practical Project
Link is provided with sedimentation filtering pond (such as inclined plate sedimentation pond) thus.The present invention uses inclined plate to clarify sedimentation device.In detail
It is described as follows：
1) into water process：Book technique water inlet source is the sub- technique of the adjacent flocculation of the front；The capacity in inclined plate sedimentation pond
According to pending water, the time that sedimentation filtering pond 3-15 minutes is flowed through with reference to flow is determined.
2) filtering is discharged：According to ion isolation pharmacy work mechanism of the present invention, the sludge generated after water process is made in gravity
With sinking, supernatant is formed simultaneously, supernatant can be discharged after filtering；Filtering water outlet operation stage do not need to dispensing and
Motor stirs, and is directly settled according to physical principle；
It is to be noted that：The sedimentation of flocculate is formed using traditional chemical flocculant cannot use inclined plate sedimentation, not only
It needs to stand flocculation for a long time, and it is sticky to generate sludge, can form sludge adhesion on inclined plate, maintenance cost is high；
And the flocculate sludge the present invention is based on the formation of ion isolation medicament is not hydrophilic, not viscous glutinous, does not need to stand for a long time, water body stream
During dynamic under the effect of gravity can natural subsidence, put into using inclined plate sedimentation low with operating cost, operation and maintenance is simple.
3) water quality detection：Refer to including the crucial water quality required by the discharging standards such as pH value detection, COD, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus
Mark, sensor are detected for sedimentation filtering water body, and detection probe is located at pond body middle and upper part.It should be noted that wherein
COD index on-line checkings have about 20-30 minutes time delay；
4) sludge is discharged：According to ion isolation pharmacy work mechanism of the present invention, the sludge generated after water process is made in gravity
Floc sedimentation shape sludge settling is formed with sinking.Sludge is in the bottom in sedimentation filtering pond, up big and down small bullet.Bullet
Bottom is furnished with mud mouth, and the regular Self-discharged of connection spoil disposal pipeline and/or installation sludge pump are drawn into sludge press filtration or centrifugation
The sludge treatment devices such as machine.Sludge intermittent can be discharged, and sludge quantity can refer to 0.3 ‰ to 1.5 ‰ according to overall process water
It calculates.According to ion isolation medicament characteristic of the present invention, the sludge of generation is tasteless, not viscous glutinous, not hydrophilic and moisture content is 35%
Hereinafter, will not stick together in pool wall of the sludge in sedimentation filtering pond, sheet frame and sludge discharge line and the pump housing or again
Secondary the phenomenon that being dissolved in water, attended operation is very convenient and energy-saving and environmental protection and up to standard, substantially reduces the maintenance of sludge treatment device
Cost；
5) parameter configuration adjusts：Detection data and the effluent quality index request being previously set are compared, calculated simultaneously
The system control parameters being previously set are finely tuned (including the dispensing of the pH upper-lower doors limit value, cast feeder that adjust technique and flocculation process
Rate etc.).Usual integrated artistic configuration parameter needs are adjusted to best in the practical operation of at least one to two month, need every
Its periodic logging influent quality parameter and flow, the dispensing data such as rate and dose, effluent quality parameter, and data are carried out in time
Analysis, the adjustment direction and adjustment amount of calculating parameter configuration.During operation is stablized, parameter adjustment has to especially cautiously, usually
Trim process；
6) water outlet flow direction：Processed water body is 3-15 minutes in the sedimentation sub- technique flow time of filtering, can be flowed out later
Book technique.
2nd, 2. in put auxiliary include the links such as comprehensive adjustment, Adding medicine control, be described as follows respectively：
1) inflow requirement：Book technique for the present invention second sub- technique, water inlet source be after 1. handling, according to
The water velocity that the capacity of inflow and reaction process link reaction tank determines adjusts water inlet water velocity, it is ensured that water body is rear
Flow time is 3-15 minutes in continuous 3. link；
2) comprehensive adjustment：Its main function is the molecule link broken in water body, and the heavy metal in water body is carried out ion
It exchanges, dedicated regulating reservoir is usually configured and is handled.It is required according to pending heavy industries sewage quality and water outlet, in water
In the case that body flows naturally, directly by sour (such as certain density hydrochloric acid HCl) or alkali (such as certain density lye
NaOH it) adds in sewage, and is controlled water pH value in 11.0- in a liquid state by subsequent pH value detection sensor
Between 13.0；
3) Adding medicine control：After comprehensive adjustment in the case of water pH value 11.0-13.0, ion point is added in simultaneously in water body
From the heavy metals removal agent in medicine series, such as：Such as：Organic sulfur compound, bentonite and chitosan system as main component
Agent, wherein dosage are 100-500 grams of ton water；The present invention can also select the routine for sewage disposal that can be sold in the market
Heavy metals removal agent；
4) water pH value：PH value detection sensor is detected for adjusting, according to determining overall process requirements, control
Acid adding link processed formation automatically controls feedback subsystem, it is ensured that water pH value in the range of needs, usually 11.0-13.0 it
Between or according to overall process requirements carry out parameter setting；
5) water outlet flow direction：In put auxiliary link after the completion of, by treatment sewage sequential flow to it is subsequent 3..
3rd, 3. secondary sewage processing core technique and the sub- technique of methodThe process flow chart as shown in Fig. 2, includingAdjust,Reaction,Flocculation andFour sub- techniques such as filtering sedimentation.Secondary sewage processing core technique and level-one sewage
Processing core technique is identical, the main purpose that two stage treatment is set be in order to by water body content content further reduce by 80%,
And remove the residual heavy metal in water body.Water body needs to control at 3-15 minutes in this flow time.It is in usual Practical Project
This link sets dress corollary equipment.It is emphasized that：
A) for heavy industries sewage disposal, the dosage of the B- reaction link intermediate ion separation medicaments in the sub- technique
It needs to be adjusted to 30-150 grams of ton sewage；
B) water outlet flow direction：Processed water body after sub- process, assists sub- technique into postposition or directly excludes herein.
The invented technology can be used as individual heavy industries sewage disposal fundamental technology template to carry out practical application, also may be used
It flexibly to increase or remove other process matched therewiths, itself can also be used in series, be widely portable to various sewage disposal system works
Skill, pretreatment, end-o f-pipe -control link not only ensure the stability of effluent characteristics, reduce comprehensive operation cost, but also to existing dirt
Water treatment system transformation is simple (can retain existing utility and investment, such as biochemical system, aeration, oxidation etc.), creates at sewage
It is small, quick to manage low system investments, short time limit, floor space.
In particular, it should be pointed out that：The technique of the present invention carries out in mobile integrated complete set of equipments, the movable type
Integrated complete equipment is mixing, stirring, dispensing and the system set treatment device for handling wastewater composition, including passing through
Regulating reservoir that pipeline is sequentially connected, reaction tank, flocculation basin, inclined plate clarification sedimentation device；Its middle swash plate clarifies the top of sedimentation device
End passes through pipeline and connects sludge collecting pit by discharge of pipes treated water, the bottom end of inclined plate clarification sedimentation device.
Wherein, the top of the inclined plate clarification sedimentation device is catch basin, and bottom end is sludge hopper, and the trench bottom that catchments is set
There is a hole, inclined plate is equipped with hole, and the angle of inclined plate and horizontal plane is 45 °~65 °.
In particular, it should be pointed out that：Ion isolation medicament in the present invention each means that number of patent application is 2,014 8
The composition of processing waste water involved in 0001546.7.More detailed description about the ion isolation medicament in the present invention can be with
Referring to the patent document；The content of patent document description is all considered as the content that the present invention records.
Especially it is emphasized that：According to the requirement of sewage disposal, multi-stage sewage processing core processing step can be carried out
In, additional step is put in can increasing between multi-stage sewage processing core processing step, can also finally carry out postposition auxiliary
Filtration step.
The advantage of the present invention：
The present invention is the technique customized for the heavy industries sewage disposal involved by ion isolation medicament, utilizes this
Technique can give full play to the characteristics and advantages of medicament, and concise in technology understands, technology stability is good, effectively reduces comprehensive operation
Cost, effluent index is flexibly controllable, with follow-up sewage treatment process matching degree height.
This technique is had a style of one's own, and the integrated artistic degree of modularity is high, convenient for flexibly using, not only can individually become point source
Control sewage disposal system, and can be used as preprocessing module addition before the biochemical process of existing sewage disposal system with/
After or, and suitable for the processing of various heavy industries sewage.
Dispensing control in present invention process and method may be used PLC (automated programming control) mode and be controlled automatically
System, can also dock with the DCS (distributed network system (DNS)) of sewage treatment mechanism into line interface, realize centerized fusion.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is present invention process flow chart；
Fig. 2 is level-one or secondary sewage processing core process flow chart；
Fig. 3 is the structure chart of the mobile integrated complete set of equipments of the present invention；
Fig. 4 clarifies sedimentation device structure chart for inclined plate；
Wherein：In Fig. 3 and Fig. 4,1PH regulating reservoirs, 2 regulating reservoirs, 3 blenders, 4 aeration tanks, 5 reaction tanks, 6 flocculation basins, 7 throw
Glassware, 8 inclined plates clarification sedimentation device, 9 sludge collecting pits, 10 filter presses, 11 membrane pumps, 12 pipelines, 13 catch basins, 14 collection mud
The inclined plate of bucket, 15 fiberglass or other materials, 16 sludge outlets.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with attached drawing.
The processing of embodiment 1- enterprises heavy industries sewage:
The index is required to be after water body raw water and processing：
Based on of the invention " a kind of heavy industries sewage disposal fundamental technology ", for the present embodiment process flow chart such as
Shown in Fig. 1, technique include 1. level-one sewage disposal core process, 2. in put auxiliary, the 3. sons such as secondary sewage processing core technique
Technique.Detailed sub- technique and each process point flow, parameter, control and operating method step are described as follows：
First, 1. level-one sewage disposal core process and the sub- technique of methodThe process flow chart as shown in Fig. 2, includingAdjust,Reaction,Flocculation andFour sub- techniques such as filtering sedimentation.Sub- technique and each process point flow, parameter, control
System and operating method step are described as follows：
A, it adjusts：Have and add the flow of ion isolation pharmacy work condition and thus enter, it is main include plus alkali control plus
Several links such as acid control, comprehensive adjustment and pH detections.Detailed description are as follows：
1) inflow requirement：Book technique for the present invention first sub- technique, water inlet source be pending waste water raw water or
Water after person's raw water aid in treatment；According to the water velocity that the capacity of inflow and reaction process link reaction tank determines, adjust
Section water inlet water velocity, it is ensured that water body flow time in two sub- process procedures of subsequent reactions and flocculation is 3-15 minutes；
2) water pH value：PH value detection sensor is detected for adjusting, according to determining overall process requirements, control
Acid adding processed and plus the formation of two links of alkali automatically control feedback subsystem, it is ensured that stablize before water pH value dispensing in 7.0-9.0 models
In enclosing.The pH value range that this link is subjected to water body is 3.0-11.0.Water pH value setting is most important to the present invention, the present invention
The ion isolation medicament being related to is very high to the susceptibility of water pH value, if the pH value of water body is less than 6.0, ion isolation medicament
It does not react；If the pH value of water body is higher than 9.0, ion isolation pharmaceutical use will greatly increase.Inlet flow-patterm in the present embodiment
It is worth for 7.0-8.0；
3) molecule degrees of exposure：The molecule degrees of exposure of present invention acquiescence water inlet should meet ionic adsorption condition, if in water body
Molecule degrees of exposure can not meet ionic adsorption condition, can present invention process water inlet before increase acidification, aeration, activated sludge
Etc. traditional handicrafts processing, then enter back into present invention process；
4) water outlet flow direction：After the completion of governing loop, treatment sewage sequential flow is reacted into sub- process procedure to subsequent.
B, it reacts：It reacts sub- process procedure and includes two links such as high-speed stirred, Adding medicine control.Water body is in this flow time
Control is needed at 3-15 minutes.Link is provided with reaction tank thus in usual Practical Project.It is described in detail as follows：
1) into water process：Book technique water inlet source is the adjacent regulator technique of the front；Book technique is in practical work
Dedicated reaction tank is needed to configure in journey；The capacity of reaction tank flows through 3-15 points of reaction tank according to pending water with reference to flow
The time of clock and the rated power of stirring motor are determined.Such as 20 tphs of water, need 1.2 cubic metres of appearances
Long-pending reaction tank configuration；
2) high-speed stirred：Generally use stirring motor driving stirrer paddle keeps the uniform high speed that 700-950 per minute turns
Stirring；In order to enhance the contact of content and ion isolation effect in water body, usual reaction tank uses square cross-sectional configuration, water
Stablize after body stirring and form deeper funnel shape；After high-speed stirred is formed, you can require to be thrown according to sewage disposal
Medicine；
3) Adding medicine control：According to sewage feature to be processed, by the ion isolation medicine of the solid powder of all kinds of required dispensings
Agent is put into water successively, the ion isolation medicament average aggregate dosage sewage 10-300g per ton launched, is continued at a high speed in water body
In the state of stirring, the physical index of water body is promoted, including odor, coloration and turbidity etc., while promotes the suspension of removal water body
Object, heavy metal and other organic chemistry indexs.Water body flowed through this process time as 3-15 minutes；The required medicament that adds all is solid
It is directly added into sewage under body pulverulence, the application methods such as this point and the chemical floc that is commonly used in the industry have bright
Aobvious difference.Traditional chemical flocculant needs to make good use of water dilution before use at present, and dosing dispensing is then carried out in a manner of liquid,
It is time-consuming and laborious, it is of high cost.Water body flow time is 8 minutes in the present embodiment, and dosage is 30 grams of ton water；
4) water outlet flow direction：Processed water body is 3-15 minutes reacting sub- technique flow time, enters sub- work of flocculating later
Skill.
C, it flocculates：Two links such as the sub- process procedure that flocculates is including mixing slowly, pH value detection.Water body is in this flow time
Control is needed at 3-15 minutes.Link is provided with flocculation basin thus in usual Practical Project.It is described in detail as follows：
1) into water process：Book technique water inlet source is the sub- technique of the adjacent reaction of the front；The capacity of flocculation basin according to
Pending water, the rated power that the flocculation basin time of 3-15 minutes and stirring motor are flowed through with reference to flow are determined.Example
Such as 20 tphs of water, the flocculation basin configuration of 1.2 cubic metres of volumes is needed；
2) it mixes slowly：Generally use stirring motor driving stirrer paddle keeps the uniform low speed that 160-280 per minute turns
Stirring；In order to enhance the caking flocculation effect in water body between small coagulated particles, usual flocculation basin is identical with above-mentioned reaction tank
Also using square cross-sectional configuration, stablize after water body stirring and form very shallow funnel shape；The flocculation process stage is not required to
It offers medicine；
It is emphasized that：The chemical agent that general sewage treatment process uses, when can only be long in the C flocculation process stages
Between stand natural sedimentation and cannot be stirred, will be unable to form ideal flocculating effect once being stirred；The present invention uses
Ion isolation medicament overturned this traditional concept, using ion isolation medicament of the present invention, in the flocculation process stage
It by the cohesion of the little particle flocculate of reacted formation is agglomerate flocculate that the purpose being stirred, which is, is slightly agitated for that wadding can be enhanced
Solidifying effect, the filtering for next step settle work and prepare, and the effect of settling of agglomerate flocculate is more preferable.
3) water pH value detects：PH value detection sensor is detected for flocculation basin water body, and detection probe is located at pond body
Middle and lower part.According to the faintly acid of ion isolation pharmacy work mechanism of the present invention and drug in itself, drug book after the reaction was complete
Operation stage water pH value should be between 6.0-9.0；If water pH value is higher, it was demonstrated that reacts sub- operation stage addition medicament
Not enough, need to control the cast feeder in reaction process to increase dosage；Conversely, reduce dosage；
4) water outlet flow direction：Processed water body is 3-15 minutes in the sub- technique flow time that flocculates, water body stream in the present embodiment
It is 8 minutes through the time, settles sub- technique into filtering later.
D, filtering settles：Filtering settles sub- process procedure and includes sedimentation, filtering water outlet, water quality detection and mating sludge
Five links such as discharge and parameter adjustment.Water body needs to control at least 3-15 minutes in this flow time, water body in the present embodiment
Flow time is 8 minutes；Link is provided with sedimentation filtering pond (such as inclined plate sedimentation pond) thus in usual Practical Project.The present invention
Inclined plate is used to clarify sedimentation device.It is described in detail as follows：
1) into water process：Book technique water inlet source is the sub- technique of the adjacent flocculation of the front；The capacity in inclined plate sedimentation pond
According to pending water, the time that sedimentation filtering pond 3-15 minutes is flowed through with reference to flow is determined.
2) filtering is discharged：According to ion isolation pharmacy work mechanism of the present invention, the sludge generated after water process is made in gravity
With sinking, supernatant is formed simultaneously, supernatant can be discharged after filtering；Filtering water outlet operation stage do not need to dispensing and
Motor stirs, and is directly settled according to physical principle；
It is to be noted that：The sedimentation of flocculate is formed using traditional chemical flocculant cannot use inclined plate sedimentation, not only
It needs to stand flocculation for a long time, and it is sticky to generate sludge, can form sludge adhesion on inclined plate, maintenance cost is high；
And the flocculate sludge the present invention is based on the formation of ion isolation medicament is not hydrophilic, not viscous glutinous, does not need to stand for a long time, water body stream
During dynamic under the effect of gravity can natural subsidence, put into using inclined plate sedimentation low with operating cost, operation and maintenance is simple.
3) water quality detection：Refer to including the crucial water quality required by the discharging standards such as pH value detection, COD, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus
Mark, sensor are detected for sedimentation filtering water body, and detection probe is located at pond body middle and upper part.It should be noted that wherein
COD index on-line checkings have about 20-30 minutes time delay；
4) sludge is discharged：According to ion isolation pharmacy work mechanism of the present invention, the sludge generated after water process is made in gravity
Floc sedimentation shape sludge settling is formed with sinking.Sludge is in the bottom in sedimentation filtering pond, up big and down small bullet.Bullet
Bottom is furnished with mud mouth, and the regular Self-discharged of connection spoil disposal pipeline and/or installation sludge pump are drawn into sludge press filtration or centrifugation
The sludge treatment devices such as machine.Sludge intermittent can be discharged, and sludge quantity can refer to 0.3 ‰ to 1.5 ‰ according to overall process water
It calculates.According to ion isolation medicament characteristic of the present invention, the sludge of generation is tasteless, not viscous glutinous, not hydrophilic and moisture content is 35%
Hereinafter, will not stick together in pool wall of the sludge in sedimentation filtering pond, sheet frame and sludge discharge line and the pump housing or again
Secondary the phenomenon that being dissolved in water, attended operation is very convenient and energy-saving and environmental protection and up to standard, substantially reduces the maintenance of sludge treatment device
Cost；
5) parameter configuration adjusts：Detection data and the effluent quality index request being previously set are compared, calculated simultaneously
The system control parameters being previously set are finely tuned (including the dispensing of the pH upper-lower doors limit value, cast feeder that adjust technique and flocculation process
Rate etc.).Usual integrated artistic configuration parameter needs are adjusted to best in the practical operation of at least one to two month, need every
Its periodic logging influent quality parameter and flow, the dispensing data such as rate and dose, effluent quality parameter, and data are carried out in time
Analysis, the adjustment direction and adjustment amount of calculating parameter configuration.During operation is stablized, parameter adjustment has to especially cautiously, usually
Trim process；
6) water outlet flow direction：Processed water body is 3-15 minutes in the sedimentation sub- technique flow time of filtering, can be flowed out later
Book technique.
2nd, 2. in put auxiliary include the links such as comprehensive adjustment, Adding medicine control, be described as follows respectively：
1) inflow requirement：Book technique for the present invention second sub- technique, water inlet source be after 1. handling, according to
The water velocity that the capacity of inflow and reaction process link reaction tank determines adjusts water inlet water velocity, it is ensured that water body is rear
Flow time is 3-15 minutes in continuous 3. link；PH value 6.0-7.0；
2) comprehensive adjustment：The main function of comprehensive adjustment is the molecule link broken in water body, by the heavy metal in water body
Ion exchange is carried out, dedicated regulating reservoir is usually configured and is handled.According to pending heavy industries sewage quality and water outlet
It is required that in the case where water body flows naturally, directly by sour (such as certain density hydrochloric acid HCl) or alkali (such as a certain concentration
Lye NaOH) in a liquid state add in sewage in, and by subsequent pH value detection sensor by water pH value control exist
Between 11.0-13.0；PH value control is in 12.0-13.0 in the present embodiment.
3) Adding medicine control：After comprehensive adjustment in the case of water pH value 12.0-13.0, ion point is added in simultaneously in water body
From the heavy metals removal agent in medicine series, such as：Organic sulfur compound, bentonite and chitosan preparation as main component, add
Dose is 200-1,000 grams of ton water；Dosage is 200 grams in the present embodiment.
4) water pH value：PH value detection sensor is detected for adjusting, according to determining overall process requirements, control
Acid adding link processed formation automatically controls feedback subsystem, it is ensured that water pH value in the range of needs, usually 11.0-13.0 it
Between or according to overall process requirements carry out parameter setting；PH value control is in 12.0-13.0 in the present embodiment.
5) water outlet flow direction：In put auxiliary link after the completion of, by treatment sewage sequential flow to it is subsequent 3..
3rd, 3. secondary sewage processing core technique and the sub- technique of methodThe process flow chart as shown in Fig. 2, includingAdjust,Reaction,Flocculation andFour sub- techniques such as filtering sedimentation.Secondary sewage processing core technique and level-one sewage
Processing core technique is identical, the main purpose that two stage treatment is set be in order to by water body content content further reduce by 80%,
And remove the residual heavy metal in water body.Water body needs to control at 3-15 minutes in this flow time.It is in usual Practical Project
This link sets dress corollary equipment.It is emphasized that：
A) for heavy industries sewage disposal, the dosage of the B- reaction link intermediate ion separation medicaments in the sub- technique
It needs to be adjusted to 30-150 grams of ton sewage；In the present embodiment, the dosage of this link is 20 grams of ton water.
B) water outlet flow direction：Processed water body after sub- process, directly carries out reuse or discharge herein.In the present embodiment
It is 8 minutes that water body, which flows through this link time,.
After the present embodiment stable operation one month, water quality testing data is：
1) sludge is discharged：The present embodiment directly from the mud mouth mud extraction of bullet bottom, is extracted by spoil disposal pipeline sludge pump
To sludge plate-frame filter press or other filtering equipments.The sludge of generation is tasteless, not viscous glutinous, not hydrophilic and moisture content 35% with
Under, it will not stick together in pool wall of the sludge in sedimentation filtering pond, sheet frame and sludge discharge line and the pump housing or again
The phenomenon that being dissolved in water, attended operation is very convenient and energy-saving and environmental protection and up to standard, substantially reduce the maintenance of sludge treatment device into
This；
2) parameter configuration adjusts：Detection data and the effluent quality index request being previously set are compared, calculated simultaneously
The system control parameters being previously set are finely tuned (including the dispensing of the pH upper-lower doors limit value, cast feeder that adjust technique and flocculation process
Rate etc.).It in the present embodiment, was debugged by 3 days, integrated artistic starts to stablize and meets effluent index requirement；
3) water outlet flow direction：Processed water body is 6 minutes in the sedimentation sub- technique flow time of filtering, can flow out this hair later
Bright technique carries out total system water outlet, reuse or discharge.Water outlet in the present embodiment carries out direct river discharge.
Embodiment 2：
The process step of the invention can carry out in the mobile integrated complete set of equipments that Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 are related to.It is mobile
The concrete technology processing step of integrated complete equipment is as follows：
(1) in order to which ion isolation medicament reaches good medicament reaction effect, sewage is put into PH regulating reservoirs first, together
When add in be suitble to different sewage pH adjusting agent be usually be acidified；
(2) water pH value after acidification, into regulating reservoir 2, is adjusted to 7.0- by sewage after PH regulating reservoirs adjust pH value
9.0, in order to be uniformly mixed, can be stirred with blender；
(3) to be further sufficiently mixed and reacting, and achieve the purpose that interrupt sewage strand or release respective substance, warp
It overregulates the sewage behind pond and corresponding medicament enters aeration tank；
(4) by front PH regulating reservoirs, regulating reservoir, aeration tank sewage, carried out sufficient preparation for the reaction of medicament,
Pharmacological property, which is given full play to, for medicament creates advantage；Sewage enters reaction tank through pipeline, while by being used to handle waste water
The cast feeder of composition puts into corresponding medicament, is fully reacted with sewage under the action of blender；
(5) behind sewage and the reacted pond of corresponding medicament, into flocculation basin, flocculation basin is soluble and non-solvable for capturing
Property substance and visible or non-visible suspended matter；
(6) sewage is after flocculation basin, and into inclined plate clarification/sedimentation device, inclined plate is oblique for fiberglass or other materials
Plate, inclined plate are equipped with hole, and the aperture in hole and shape (rectangle or circle etc.) are individually calculated according to sewage quality and effluent flow rate.
The angle of inclined plate and horizontal plane is 45 °~65 °.Preferably, the angle of inclined plate and horizontal plane is 59 °.Inclined plate clarifies sedimentation device
Top for catch basin, bottom end is sludge hopper.
Inclined plate clarification/sedimentation device makes the suspended matter in raw water, solids or the flocculation formed after dosing coagulant
Object, thin mud layer is agglomerated into inclined plate bottom side or surface, is slided to body refuse superposed layer by gravity, is then sunk to sludge hopper, by
Sludge pipe is discharged into sludge-tank otherwise processed or comprehensive utilization, supernatant gradually rise up to catch basin gradually discharge, can direct emission
Or reuse.
Inclined plate clarification/sedimentation device is made according to the precipitation principle of rectangular sedimentation tank removal score particle,
By increasing inclined plate in pond, while reducing hydraulic radius, the wetted perimeter of the pond cross-section of river is increased, therefore flow is in identical water
During advection speed v, reynolds number Re can be greatly reduced, stream is stored so as to reduce, promotes precipitation.In addition, adding inclined plate can also make
Particle precipitates Distance Shortened, reduces the sedimentation time, improves deposition efficiency.
(7) it can be selected be again introduced into aeration according to the situation of sewage by inclined plate clarification/sedimentation device treated water
Pond, the strand that sewage is not fully disconnected or does not discharge that complete substance is further to be handled, to reach a preferable shape
State.Again pass by aeration tank treated that sewage can be discharged finally.
(8) sludge enters after sludge collecting pit from the sludge hopper in inclined plate clarification/sedimentation device and enters pressure by membrane pump
Filter, so as to slough the moisture in sludge.This process can be selected according to the situation of sewage disposal.
By above-mentioned steps treated sewage, can achieve the purpose that reuse, and energy conservation and environmental protection, it is entire processed
Journey is automatical and efficient.
The composition of above-mentioned processing waste water is made of natural biologic material, based on ion isolation technology, using in charge
And mechanism, the sludge generated in various sewage and industrial wastewater and sewage disposal can be effectively treated.The work of the product
Belong to the suction type in sewage disposal Physical as mechanism, but can functionally replace what is used in current industry completely
The traditional products such as chemical floc and rotary evaporation, ionization and technology, and secondary harm is not generated in water body, it substantially improves
Generate the moisture content of sludge.The composition product reaction speed of above-mentioned processing waste water was directly launched and is not required in advance at 3-15 minutes
Dilution, content removal rate are up to more than 80%；Its moisture percentage in sewage sludge generated is tasteless less than 35%, not viscous glutinous, not hydrophilic；
With the matching used mobile integrated complete set of equipments floor space of ion isolation medicine series product is small, the engineering construction period
It is short, easy to operate.In general, use of the ion isolation medicament in terms of sewage disposal, can not only energy saving, floor space
Small, middle water reuses, but also can mitigate the pressure of existing biochemical and Treatment of Sludge etc. in sewage disposal total system
Power, appropriateness promote the biodegradability of water body.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of heavy industries sewage disposal fundamental technology, including（1）Level-one sewage disposal core process,（2）In put auxiliary
Step, it is characterised in that：
（1）In level-one sewage disposal core process step, including step（A）Adjust,（B）Reaction,（C）Flocculation,（D）Filtering is sunk
Drop, wherein：
（A）In regulating step, treated sewage pH value 7.0-9.0 is adjusted；Adjust water inlet water velocity, it is ensured that water body is in subsequent reactions
It it is 3-15 minutes with flow time in two sub- process procedures of flocculation；
（B）Reaction：Under 700-950 revs/min of high-speed stirred, by medicament delivery controller, by ion isolation medicament successively
It puts into water, the ion isolation medicament average aggregate dosage sewage 10-300g per ton launched, water body flows through the reaction process time
It is 3-15 minutes；
Wherein, the ingredient of ion isolation medicament is：Weight percent, 43.7-46.2% bentonites；24.1-25.9% sulfuric acid
Aluminium（Al2(SO4)3）；19.2-20.8% ceramic powders；4.8-5.2% chitosans and 4.8-5.2% calcium carbonate（CaCO3）；Wherein,
Al2(SO4)3Grain size be 18-74 μm；The grain size of chitosan is 44 μm；
（C）It flocculates in flocculation basin under 160-280 revs/min of stirring at low speed；
PH value is detected in flocculation basin, and passes through control（B）Stage of reaction dosage, control ph is in 6.0-9.0；
（D）By inclined plate clarification sedimentation device settled, filtering water outlet, sludge discharge；
（2）In put in additional step, by water pH value control between 11.0-13.0；
Heavy metals removal agent is added in water body, dosage is 100-500 grams of ton water；Put in described additional step generate sludge with
The sludge generated in the level-one sewage disposal core process is mixed into storage basin；Discharge flow；The sludge of the generation without
Taste, not viscous glutinous, not hydrophilic and moisture content are below 35%；
In the level-one sewage disposal core process, step（D）In filtering precipitation step, required by water quality detection and with water outlet
Index comparison carries out small parameter perturbations setting, controls effluent quality index；Parameter setting therein is to pass through control and regulation（A）Step
PH value and reaction in rapid（B）The quantity of ion isolation medicament in step, stirring motor rotating speed, flocculation（C）In step
What stirring motor rotating speed was realized；
After putting additional step in described, secondary sewage processing core technique is further included；The secondary sewage processing core technique
It is identical with level-one sewage disposal core process；
The level-one sewage disposal core process or the secondary sewage processing core technique are in mobile integrated complete set of equipments
Interior progress, the mobile integrated complete set of equipments are complete for handling mixing, stirring, dispensing and the system of wastewater composition
Processing unit, including regulating reservoir, reaction tank, flocculation basin, the inclined plate clarification sedimentation device being sequentially connected by pipeline；Its middle swash plate
The top of sedimentation device is clarified by discharge of pipes treated water, it is dirty that the bottom end of inclined plate clarification sedimentation device passes through pipeline connection
Mud collecting pit；
The top of the inclined plate clarification sedimentation device is catch basin, and bottom end is sludge hopper, and the trench bottom that catchments is equipped with hole, inclined plate
Equipped with hole, the angle of inclined plate and horizontal plane is 45 ° -65 °.
2. a kind of heavy industries sewage disposal fundamental technology according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Ion isolation medicine
The dosage of agent is 30-150 grams of ton sewage.
3. a kind of heavy industries sewage disposal fundamental technology according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the technique is adopted
Automatic and electronic control is carried out with programmable logic controller (PLC) and supervisory control and data aquisition system.
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Effective date of registration: 20191203 Address after: 100176 unit B, building 22, yard 37, Liangshuihe 1st Street, Daxing District, Beijing Patentee after: Zhou Chaohui Address before: 100176 No. 17 Zhonghe street, Beijing economic and Technological Development Zone, Beijing Patentee before: Mao Xu |
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