CN105293310B - A kind of tower crane with windproof structure - Google Patents

Abstract

A tower crane with a windproof structure. The invention relates to a construction machine. There are two lifting protrusions and a balance protrusion opposite to each other on a rotary table. There are boom slots on the lifting protrusions. There is a lifting rotary platform in the slot of the boom, and there is a lifting shaft on the lifting rotary table, and the lifting arm is on the lifting shaft, and there is a slot for the balancing arm on the balance protrusion, and there is a balance for sliding in the slot of the balancing arm. Rotary table, there is a balance rotating shaft on the balance rotating table, and the balance arm is on the balance shaft. The lifting arm and the balance arm have A rope tower and B rope tower, and there are A rope tensioning device and B rope tensioning device on the top of the tower. There is a counterweight lifting device on the top of the jacking frame, which can move up and down inside the standard section, and there is a counterweight slideway on the balance arm. Compared with the prior art, the present invention not only can quickly install and disassemble the counterweight when a typhoon is coming or other strong wind conditions, but also can bend the boom and balance arm after the counterweight is removed to reduce the wind area and keep the tower The center of gravity is stable.

Description

A kind of tower crane with windproof structure

technical field

The invention relates to a construction engineering machine, in particular to a tower crane for a construction site.

Background technique

Tower cranes are referred to as tower cranes for short, also known as tower cranes, which originated in Western Europe. It is a rotating crane with a boom mounted on the top of a tall tower. The tower crane has a large working space and is mainly used for vertical and horizontal transportation of materials and installation of building components in house construction. It consists of three parts: metal structure, working mechanism and electrical system. The metal structure includes the tower body, the boom and the base, etc. The working mechanism has four parts: lifting, luffing, slewing and walking. The electrical system includes motors, controllers, power distribution cabinets, connecting lines, signals and lighting devices, etc. With the advancement of engineering technology, the floors of buildings are getting higher and higher, making the required tower cranes higher and higher, but too high tower cranes have the problem of poor stability, especially during typhoons in the southeast coast, often An incident in which a tower crane was hung upside down in a typhoon day caused heavy casualties. In addition, all tower cranes need to install counterweights. Most of the counterweights are hoisted to the tower cranes by other cranes. The installation and disassembly are troublesome, which makes the tower cranes unable to realize quick assembly.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a tower crane with a windproof structure. The present invention can not only quickly install and disassemble the counterweight when a typhoon comes or other strong wind conditions, but also can bend the counterweight after it is removed. The jib and balance jib reduce the wind area to keep the center of gravity of the tower stable.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention is solved by the following technical solutions: a tower crane with a windproof structure, including a base, a tower body, a jacking sleeve, a rotary table, a lifting arm, a balance arm and a counterweight, The tower body is built by several standard sections, the jacking frame can move on the standard section, the rotating platform is set on the top of the jacking frame, and the tower top is set on the On the above-mentioned rotary platform, two lifting protrusions and a balance protrusion are arranged on the said rotating platform, and the lifting protrusions are provided with a boom slot, and the lifting There is a lifting rotary table slidingly installed in the slot of the boom, and the lifting rotating shaft is arranged on the lifting rotating table, the lifting arm is arranged on the lifting rotating shaft, and the balance protrudes There is a balance slot on the upper part, and a balance rotation platform is provided for sliding in the balance arm slot, a balance rotation shaft is arranged on the balance rotation platform, and the balance arm is arranged on the balance rotation shaft , the top of the boom and the top of the balance arm are respectively provided with a rope tower and a rope tower second, and the top of the tower is provided with a rope tensioning device and a rope tensioning device B, and the rope tower of the first It is connected with the A rope stretching device through the A rope, and the B pull rope tower is connected with the B rope stretching device through the B rope. The inner top of the jacking sleeve is provided with a counterweight lifting device, the counterweight lifting device can move up and down inside the standard section, the balance arm is provided with a counterweight slideway matched with the counterweight lifting device, and the balance arm is also provided with a fixed The fixing device of the counterweight, the top end of the boom and the balance arm are respectively provided with a rope lifter and a rope lifter, and the base is provided with a rope A fixed hook for the lifter and the second rope lifter to cooperate.

In the above technical solution, preferably, the counterweight lifting device includes a lifter, and the lifter is provided with several stay ropes, and the counterweight fixing table is provided on the stay ropes, and the counterweight A fixed platform slideway is arranged on the fixed platform, and several counterweight fixing frames are slidably arranged on the fixed platform slideway, and an alignment device matched with the fixed platform slideway is provided on the described counterweight slideway .

In the above technical solution, preferably, the electric rotating shaft of the alignment device is provided with a connecting plate, and the connecting plate is provided with a The connecting slideway, the connecting plate is also provided with a number of electric telescopic limit columns, and the fixed platform is provided with a limit hole matching the electric telescopic limit columns.

In the above technical solution, preferably, the limiting hole is tapered and gradually narrows inward from the opening.

In the above technical solution, preferably, the counterweight fixing frame is provided with a protective frame, a driving motor and an electric deadlock block.

In the above technical solution, preferably, inward fixing protrusions are respectively arranged on the two side plates of the protective frame, and fixing grooves matching the fixing protrusions are arranged on the counterweight.

In the above technical solution, preferably, several support connecting rods are arranged between the counterweight slideway and the balance arm.

In the above technical solution, preferably, the fixing device includes an electric reversing frame, the electric reversing frame is provided with a telescopic cylinder, and the telescopic cylinder is provided with a fixed baffle.

In the above technical solution, preferably, both the A rope and the B rope are twisted from several steel wire ropes.

The existing counterweights are hoisted by a crane, and they need to be installed one by one during hoisting. Not only is the installation efficiency low, but the time is long, and it is impossible to disassemble and assemble when the environment is harsh. Once there is a strong wind, the counterweights cannot be disassembled. It is very easy to cause the center of gravity of the tower crane to be unstable, endangering the safety of production and construction. The present invention installs the counterweight through the counterweight lifting device installed inside the tower crane, without external force, and is not affected by the weather. As long as the tower crane can work, the counterweight can be disassembled. Pack. Its main principle uses the internal space of the standard section to form a transportation channel, in which the counterweight is lifted and lowered, and then the counterweight moves to the end of the balance arm through the counterweight slideway on the balance arm after the counterweight is lifted to the top. Finally, it is fixed by the fixing device on the balance arm. The principle when the counterweight is unloaded is the same as when it is installed. First, it is unfixed by the fixing device, then slides to the counterweight lifting device, and finally falls to the ground. In order to achieve this effect, the counterweight lifting device of the present invention includes a lifter, a plurality of stay ropes are arranged on the lifter, a counterweight fixing platform is arranged on the stay rope, a fixing platform slideway is arranged on the counterweight fixing platform, and A counterweight fixing frame is arranged on the table slideway. The counterweight is placed on the counterweight fixed frame, and the fixed platform slideway on the counterweight fixed platform can be aligned with the counterweight slideway. Complete the movement of the counterweight on the balance arm with the slideway of the fixed table. And because the counterweight lifting device can transport a plurality of counterweights or a single counterweight at a time, the tower crane can quickly increase or decrease the breeding during use, and it also avoids the need to replace all the counterweights now. After the counterweight is unloaded, the lifting rotating table and the balancing rotating table can be moved out from the lifting protrusion and the balance protrusion, and then the lifting device can be lifted under the action of the A rope tensioning device and the B rope tensioning device. The jib and counter jib rotate relative to the hoisting swivel and balancing swivel. When the first rope stretching device and the second rope stretching device put out the rope, the boom and the balance arm turn down, and when the first rope stretching device and the second rope stretching device take in the rope, the boom and the balance arm turn up. The boom and the balance arm stop rotating after they are vertical. At this time, the tower crane has the smallest wind area and the most stable center of gravity, which can keep it from falling down in the windy environment. When you need to use it, just turn up the lifting arm and balance arm again, and then move the lifting rotating table and balancing rotating table into the lifting protrusion and balancing protrusion, so that the lifting arm and balancing arm cannot be turned over It is used normally. A rope lifter and a rope lifter B are respectively provided at the top ends of the jib and the balance arm. The fixed hook on the seat is connected to prevent the swing of the lifting arm and the balance arm in windy weather.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is that: the present invention can not only quickly install and disassemble the counterweight when a typhoon is coming or other strong wind conditions, but also can bend the lifting arm and the balance arm after the counterweight is removed. To reduce the wind area to keep the center of gravity of the tower stable.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic front view of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the contracted state of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic side view of the balance protrusion of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic side view of the lifting protrusion of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of Fig. 2-A of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of Fig. 2-B of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the shrinking process of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the use state of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the connecting plate of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a schematic side view of the counterweight fixing frame of the present invention.

Fig. 11 is a schematic front view of the counterweight fixing frame of the present invention.

Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of a standard section of the present invention.

Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of a partially enlarged view at Fig. 8-C of the present invention.

Fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of a partially enlarged view at Fig. 8-D of the present invention.

detailed description

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

As shown in Figures 1 to 4, a tower crane with a windproof structure includes a base 1, a tower body 2, a jacking frame 3, a rotary table 6, a tower top 7, a lifting arm 5, a balance arm 4 and accessories. Heavy block 11, the tower body 2 is built by several standard joints 21, the jacking sleeve 3 can move on the standard joints 21, and the rotating table 6 is arranged on the jacking sleeve 3 top, the tower top 7 is set on the rotary table 6.

The rotating table 6 is provided with two lifting protrusions 61 and a balance protrusion 62 opposite to each other, the lifting protrusion 61 is provided with a boom slot 611, and the lifting protrusion 61 is provided with a boom slot 611. A lifting groove track 615 is arranged in the boom slot 611, and a lifting rotating table 612 is arranged slidingly on the lifting groove rail 615, and a lifting rotating shaft 613 is arranged on the lifting rotating table 612. The boom 5 is arranged on the lifting shaft 613 . The balance protrusion 62 is provided with a balance arm slot 621, the balance arm slot 621 is provided with a balance groove track 625, and the lifting groove track 625 is slid to be provided with a balance rotation table 622, the described A balance shaft 623 is arranged on the balance rotation platform 622 , and the balance arm 4 is arranged on the balance shaft 623 . The lifting arm slot 611 and the balance arm slot 621 are respectively provided with an electric locking mechanism A 614 and an electric locking mechanism B matching the lifting rotating table 612 and the balancing rotating table 622 Dead mechanism 624, the first limit frame 63 that limits the movement of the lifting shaft 613 is also provided on the lifting protrusion 61, and the first limit frame 63 that limits the movement of the lifting shaft 613 is also provided on the balance protrusion 62. B bounding box 64 of the movement.

A stay rope tower 55 and a stay rope tower 48 are respectively arranged on the top top of the boom 5 and the balance arm 4, and the tower top 7 is provided with a rope stretching device 73 and a rope stretching device 71, The first rope tower 55 is connected with the first rope tensioning device 73 by the first rope 74, and the second rope tower 48 is connected with the second rope tensioning device 71 by the second rope connection 72. The first rope 74 and the second rope 72 are all twisted into several steel wire ropes. The top end of the balance arm 4 is rotatably provided with an electric hook 46 , and the electric hook 46 can be hung on the joint between two standard sections 21 . An arc-shaped slideway 53 connected to the lifting slideway 51 is provided at the top of the boom 5 , and a blocking device 54 is provided between the lifting slideway 51 and the arc-shaped slideway 53 . The top ends of the boom 5 and the balance arm 4 are respectively provided with a rope lifter 56 and a rope lifter 47, and the base 1 is provided with a rope lifter 56 and a rope lifter 47 respectively. The second rope lifter 47 is matched with the fixed hook 13 .

The inner top of the jacking sleeve 3 is provided with a counterweight lifting device 8, the counterweight lifting device 8 can move up and down inside the standard section 21, and the balance arm 4 is provided with a counterweight lifting device 8 that is compatible with the counterweight lifting device 8. The counterweight slideway 41 matched with the device 8 , and several supporting connecting rods 42 are arranged between the counterweight slideway 41 and the balance arm 4 . The counterweight lifting device 8 includes a lifter 81, the lifter 81 is provided with a plurality of stay ropes 82, the stay ropes 82 are provided with a counterweight fixing platform 83, and the counterweight fixing platform 83 is provided with a fixed table slideway 84, and several counterweight fixing frames 85 are slidably arranged on the fixed platform slideway 84, and the described counterweight fixing frame 85 is provided with a protective frame body 853, a drive motor 851 and electric locking block 852. The two side plates of the protective frame 853 are respectively provided with inward fixing protrusions 854 , and the counterweight 11 is provided with fixing grooves matching the fixing protrusions 854 . The counterweight slideway 41 is provided with an alignment device 43 matched with the fixed table slideway 84 . The alignment device 43 includes an electric rotating shaft 431, the electric rotating shaft 431 is provided with a connecting plate 432, and the connecting plate 432 is provided with a The connecting slideway 433, the connecting plate 432 is also provided with several electric telescopic limit columns 434, and the fixed platform 83 is provided with a limit hole 86 matching the electric telescopic limit columns 434. The limiting hole 86 is tapered and gradually narrows inward from the opening.

The balance arm 4 is also provided with a fixing device 44 for fixing the counterweight 11 and an airbag device 45 for protecting the counterweight 11. The fixing device 44 includes an electric flip frame 441, and the electric A telescopic cylinder 442 is arranged on the flip frame 441 , and a fixed baffle 443 is arranged on the telescopic cylinder 442 . The air bag device 45 includes a re-inflatable air bag arranged at the lower part of the top end of the balance arm 4451, the air bag 451 is a cuboid with an upward opening, and the air bag 451 and the balance arm 4 are provided with Quick connect interface 452 .

The pendant tower of the present invention can quickly unload the counterweight 11 and retract the boom 5 and the balance arm 4 before the onset of bad weather. Through this measure, the center of gravity and the wind-receiving surface of the pendant tower can be changed to reduce the risk of damage caused by strong winds. Chance of the crane toppling over in weather conditions. When the weather improves, the counterweight 11 can be quickly repacked and the boom 5 and the balance arm 4 can be launched to allow the hanging tower to go into work immediately. The main principle is to first unload the counterweight 11 to the base 1 through the counterweight lifting device 8 . Firstly, the fixed baffle 443 pressed on the counterweight 11 needs to be released through the fixing device 44, and then the fixed baffle 443 is accommodated by the electric flip frame 441 and the telescopic cylinder 442 and the entire fixing device 44 is kept away from the counterweight slideway 41. Affect the sliding of the counterweight fixing bracket 85. Then the alignment device 43 is rotated so that the connecting slideway 433 on the alignment device 43 communicates with the counterweight slideway 41 . Move the counterweight fixed platform 83 up and down through the elevator 81, so that the counterweight fixed platform 83 is roughly aligned with the connecting plate 432, and then let the electric telescopic limit column 434 on the connecting plate 432 stretch out and insert it on the counterweight fixed platform 83 Inside the limiting hole 86. Because the limiting hole 86 is tapered and gradually narrows inward from the opening, the electric telescopic limiting column 434 can be inserted into the limiting hole 86 when the counterweight fixing table 83 and the connecting plate 432 have a certain deviation. And electric telescopic limit post 434 can allow counterweight fixed platform 83 to be fully aligned with connecting plate 432 after fully stretching in, now connect slideway 433, counterweight slideway 41 and fixed platform slideway 84 on counterweight fixed platform 83 Connected, let the drive motor 851 on the counterweight fixed frame 85 start, automatically slide to the counterweight fixed platform 83, after all the counterweight fixed frames 85 have all slid on the counterweight fixed platform 83, start the distribution The electric locking block 852 on the weight fixed mount 85 prevents the counterweight fixed mount 85 from sliding on the fixed table slideway 84. Finally, the counterweight fixing table 83 is moved onto the base 1 by the lifter 81 .

After the counterweight 11 is moved to the base 1, tighten the first rope 74 between the first rope tower 55 and the first rope tensioning device 73 and the second rope connection between the second rope tower 48 and the second rope tensioning device 71 72, and then move out the lifting rotating table 612 and the balancing rotating table 622 through the lifting groove track 615 and the balancing groove track 625 in the lifting arm slot 611 and the balance arm slot 621, and lock them electrically through the armor before moving out The mechanism 614 and the second electric locking mechanism 624 release the locking between the lifting rotary table 612 and the balance rotary table 622 and the lifting groove track 615 and the balance groove track 625 . After the lifting rotary table 612 and the balance rotary table 622 are moved out, the boom 5 and the balance arm 4 are slowly turned down in the rope-releasing action of the first rope tensioning device 73 and the second rope tensioning device 71. Before the boom 5 and the balance arm 4 rotate downward, the air bag 451 arranged on the balance arm 4 needs to be deflated and bent back to the alignment device 43; The blocking device 54 between the shaped slideways 53 allows the lifting slideway 51 to communicate with the arc-shaped slideway 53, so that the spreader 52 is moved onto the arc-shaped slideway 53 conveniently. After the boom 5 and the balance arm 4 have rotated, the first rope lifter 56 and the second rope lifter 47 arranged at the top end of the boom 5 and the balance arm 4 can lower the connecting ropes, and tie the ropes to the base 1 On the fixed hook 13 on the top, it can prevent that the boom 5 and the balance arm 4 can swing with the wind and have an accident in bad weather. The lifting rotary table 612 and the balance rotary table 622 are restricted by the A limit frame 63 and the B limit frame 64 during the rotation process, and the rotation of the lifting arm 5 and the balance arm 4 is not limited by the A limit frame 63 and the B limit frame. The limitation of the bit frame 64 can prevent the lifting rotary table 612 and the balance rotary table 622 from breaking out like this, causing the whole device to be stressed unbalanced.

During installation, it is only necessary to carry out the reverse operation. First, the boom 5 and the balance arm 4 are pulled up again by the first rope stretching device 73 and the second rope stretching device 71, and then through the boom slot 611 and the balance arm. The lifting groove track 615 and the balance groove track 625 in the arm slot 621 move the lifting rotating table 612 and the balancing rotating table 622 in, and after moving in, let the lifting mechanism 614 and the second electric locking mechanism 624 move in. The locking between the rotating table 612 and the balancing rotating table 622 and the lifting groove track 615 and the balancing groove rail 625 prevents the lifting rotating table 612 and the balancing rotating table 622 from slipping out during work. After the fixing is completed, the counterweight fixed frame 85 can be raised again, and the counterweight fixed frame 85 can be moved to the top of the balance arm 4 by connecting the slideway 433 and the counterweight slideway 41 . After the counterweight fixed frame 85 moves to the top of the balance arm 4, the fixed baffle plate 443 on the fixing device 44 resists the counterweight fixed frame 85 to keep the counterweight fixed frame 85 stable. Since the counterweight fixing frame 85 can be equipped with a single counterweight 11, the addition and disassembly of the counterweight 11 can be carried out at any time during operation, so as to keep different force balances between the boom 5 and the balance arm 4. The airbag 451 can be recovered in two ways, one is to deflate directly and then fold together with the balance arm 4 , and the other is to put it down directly through the quick-connect interface 452 . The function of the airbag 451 in the present invention is to allow the airbag 451 to wrap the counterweight 11 if there is an overturning and the falling of the counterweight 11. Although the airbag 451 cannot prevent the falling of the counterweight 11, the airbag 451 can prevent the counterweight from falling. The fragments splashed after the block 11 is broken, prevent these fragments from splashing and hurting people and damaging the machine. Simultaneously, the present invention also sets a limit guide groove 31 on the jacking sleeve frame 3, the limit guide groove 31 can assist the installation of the standard section 21, and a guide bar 22 matched with the limit guide groove 31 is arranged on the top of the standard section 21 , the bottom of the standard section 21 is provided with a matching groove 23 that matches the guide bar 22, and the opening of the limit guide groove 31 is a bell mouth. When the standard section 21 is installed in the jacking sleeve 3, the guide bar 22 can Move along the limit guide groove 31 to make alignment easier. After alignment, the guide groove 31 also fits with the matching groove 23, which facilitates the alignment and fit of the standard section 21 in the upper and lower positions, and can be fixed by using the standard section 21 in the next step.

Claims (9)

1. A tower crane with a windproof structure, comprising a base (1), a tower body (2), a jacking sleeve (3), a rotary table (6), a tower top (7), a boom (5), Balance arm (4) and counterweight (11), the tower body (2) is built from several standard sections (21), and the jacking sleeve (3) can be mounted on the standard section (21) ), the turntable (6) is set on the top of the jacking sleeve (3), the tower top (7) is set on the turntable (6), and the turntable (6) There are two lifting protrusions (61) and balance protrusions (62) opposite to each other, the lifting protrusions (61) are provided with a boom slot (611), the Lifting rotating table (612) is provided for sliding in the lifting arm slot (611), described lifting rotating table (612) is provided with lifting rotating shaft (613), and described lifting arm (5 ) is set on the lifting shaft (613), the balance arm slot (621) is set on the balance protrusion (62), and the balance arm slot (621) slides and is provided with A balance rotating table (622), the balance rotating table (622) is provided with a balance shaft (623), the balance arm (4) is arranged on the balance shaft (623), the lifting arm (5) and described balance arm (4) top top are respectively provided with first stay rope tower (55) and second stay rope tower (48), and described tower top (7) is provided with first rope stretching device (73) and The second rope tensioning device (71), is connected by a rope (74) between the first rope pulling tower (55) and the first rope tensioning device (73), and the second rope pulling tower (48) is connected with the first rope tensioning device (73). The second rope stretching device (71) is connected by the second rope (72), and the counterweight lifting device (8) is arranged in the described jacking sleeve frame (3), and the counterweight lifting device (8) can Moving up and down inside the standard section (21), the balance arm (4) is provided with a counterweight slideway (41) matched with the counterweight lifting device (8), and the balance arm (4 ) is also provided with a fixing device (44) for fixing the counterweight (11), and the top ends of the boom (5) and the balance arm (4) are respectively provided with a rope lifter ( 56) and the second rope lifter (47), the base (1) is provided with a fixed hook (13) that cooperates with the first rope lifter (56) and the second rope lifter (47). 2. A kind of tower crane with windproof structure according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described counterweight lifting device (8) comprises lifter (81), and described lifter (81) is provided with several root stay rope (82), described stay rope (82) is provided with counterweight fixed platform (83), described counterweight fixed platform (83) is provided with fixed platform slideway (84), described Several counterweight fixing frames (85) are slidably arranged on the fixed platform slideway (84), and the described counterweight slideway (41) is provided with an alignment mechanism matched with the fixed platform slideway (84). device (43). 3. A kind of tower crane with windproof structure according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described alignment device (43) comprises electric rotating shaft (431), and described electric rotating shaft (431) is provided with connecting plate ( 432), the connecting plate (432) is provided with a connecting slideway (433) that cooperates with the fixed table slideway (84) and the counterweight slideway (41), and the connecting plate (432 ) are also provided with several electric telescopic limit posts (434), and the described fixing table (83) is provided with a limit hole (86) matched with the electric telescopic limit posts (434). 4. A tower crane with a windproof structure according to claim 3, characterized in that the limiting hole (86) is tapered and gradually narrows inward from the opening. 5. A kind of tower crane with windproof structure according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described counterweight fixed frame (85) is provided with protective frame body (853), drive motor (851) and electric lock Dead blocks (852). 6. A kind of tower crane with windproof structure according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, described protective frame body (853) two side plates are respectively provided with inward fixing protrusions (854), and described The counterweight (11) is provided with a fixing groove matched with the fixing protrusion (854). 7. A tower crane with a windproof structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, several support connecting rods (42) are arranged between the counterweight slideway (41) and the balance arm (4) . 8. A tower crane with a windproof structure according to claim 1, characterized in that said fixing device (44) comprises an electric overturning frame (441), and said electric overturning frame (441) is provided with telescopic The air cylinder (442), the telescopic air cylinder (442) is provided with a fixed baffle (443). 9. A tower crane with a windproof structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, said A rope (74) and said B rope (72) are twisted from several steel wire ropes.